11 recherche sur le mot-clé 'attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)'

Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD / P. B. G. GODOY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.3001-3013 Titre : Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. B. G. GODOY, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3001-3013 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety/complications/psychology  Anxiety Disorders/complications/psychology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/psychology  Child  Cognition  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Anxiety  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Cognitive flexibility  Conflict resolution  Inhibitory control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Shared difficulties with cognitive control may play a role in co-occurring mental health problems frequently observed in autistic children. We investigated how different cognitive control processes (inhibitory control, conflict resolution, cognitive flexibility) associated with traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety in 7-year-old children at elevated (n = 44) and typical (n = 37) familial likelihood for ASD. Poor inhibitory control was associated with higher ADHD traits. Better inhibitory control and poorer cognitive flexibility predicted higher anxiety traits. Cognitive control processes were not associated dimensionally with autistic traits, though better conflict resolution predicted greater likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD in categorical analysis. These findings suggest that different cognitive control alterations are associated with ASD, ADHD and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04732-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. B. G. GODOY, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.3001-3013. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.3001-3013 Mots-clés : Anxiety/complications/psychology  Anxiety Disorders/complications/psychology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/psychology  Child  Cognition  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Anxiety  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Cognitive flexibility  Conflict resolution  Inhibitory control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Shared difficulties with cognitive control may play a role in co-occurring mental health problems frequently observed in autistic children. We investigated how different cognitive control processes (inhibitory control, conflict resolution, cognitive flexibility) associated with traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety in 7-year-old children at elevated (n = 44) and typical (n = 37) familial likelihood for ASD. Poor inhibitory control was associated with higher ADHD traits. Better inhibitory control and poorer cognitive flexibility predicted higher anxiety traits. Cognitive control processes were not associated dimensionally with autistic traits, though better conflict resolution predicted greater likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD in categorical analysis. These findings suggest that different cognitive control alterations are associated with ASD, ADHD and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04732-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Does EEG-neurofeedback improve neurocognitive functioning in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A systematic review and a double-blind placebo-controlled study / Madelon A. VOLLEBREGT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.460-472 Titre : Does EEG-neurofeedback improve neurocognitive functioning in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A systematic review and a double-blind placebo-controlled study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Madelon A. VOLLEBREGT, Auteur ; Martine VAN DONGEN-BOOMSMA, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Dorine SLAATS-WILLEMSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.460-472 Mots-clés : Neurofeedback  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  randomized controlled trial (RCT)  electroencephalogram (EEG)  efficacy  neurocognition  review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The number of placebo-controlled randomized studies relating to EEG-neurofeedback and its effect on neurocognition in attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is limited. For this reason, a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the effects of EEG-neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning in children with ADHD, and a systematic review on this topic was performed. Methods Forty-one children (8–15 years) with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of ADHD were randomly allocated to EEG-neurofeedback or placebo-neurofeedback treatment for 30 sessions, twice a week. Children were stratified by age, electrophysiological state of arousal, and medication use. Neurocognitive tests of attention, executive functioning, working memory, and time processing were administered before and after treatment. Researchers, teachers, children and their parents, with the exception of the neurofeedback-therapist, were all blind to treatment assignment. Outcome measures were the changes in neurocognitive performance before and after treatment. Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00723684. Results No significant treatment effect on any of the neurocognitive variables was found. A systematic review of the current literature also did not find any systematic beneficial effect of EEG-neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning. Conclusion Overall, the existing literature and this study fail to support any benefit of neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning in ADHD, possibly due to small sample sizes and other study limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 [article] Does EEG-neurofeedback improve neurocognitive functioning in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A systematic review and a double-blind placebo-controlled study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Madelon A. VOLLEBREGT, Auteur ; Martine VAN DONGEN-BOOMSMA, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Dorine SLAATS-WILLEMSE, Auteur . - p.460-472. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.460-472 Mots-clés : Neurofeedback  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  randomized controlled trial (RCT)  electroencephalogram (EEG)  efficacy  neurocognition  review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The number of placebo-controlled randomized studies relating to EEG-neurofeedback and its effect on neurocognition in attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is limited. For this reason, a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the effects of EEG-neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning in children with ADHD, and a systematic review on this topic was performed. Methods Forty-one children (8–15 years) with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of ADHD were randomly allocated to EEG-neurofeedback or placebo-neurofeedback treatment for 30 sessions, twice a week. Children were stratified by age, electrophysiological state of arousal, and medication use. Neurocognitive tests of attention, executive functioning, working memory, and time processing were administered before and after treatment. Researchers, teachers, children and their parents, with the exception of the neurofeedback-therapist, were all blind to treatment assignment. Outcome measures were the changes in neurocognitive performance before and after treatment. Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00723684. Results No significant treatment effect on any of the neurocognitive variables was found. A systematic review of the current literature also did not find any systematic beneficial effect of EEG-neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning. Conclusion Overall, the existing literature and this study fail to support any benefit of neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning in ADHD, possibly due to small sample sizes and other study limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232

Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder / Marta MIGO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-6 (June 2022) . - p.2379-2387 Titre : Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marta MIGO, Auteur ; Sylvia B. GUILLORY, Auteur ; Christopher S. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Hannah E. GROSMAN, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Francisco X. CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2379-2387 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eeg  Lateralized readiness potential (LRP)  Motor preparation  Prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated motor preparation and action-consequence prediction using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). Motor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. Alterations in predictive processes may impact motor planning. Whether motor planning deficits are characteristic of ASD broadly or magnified in the context of co-morbid ADHD is unclear. ASD children with (ASD?+?ADHD; n=12) and without (ASD?-?ADHD; n=9) comorbid ADHD and typical controls (n=29) performed voluntary motor actions that either did or did not result in auditory consequences. ASD?-?ADHD children demonstrated LRP enhancement when their action produced an effect while ASD?+?ADHD children had attenuated responses regardless of action-effect pairings. Findings suggest influence of ADHD comorbidity on motor preparation and prediction in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05130-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marta MIGO, Auteur ; Sylvia B. GUILLORY, Auteur ; Christopher S. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Hannah E. GROSMAN, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Francisco X. CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur . - p.2379-2387. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-6 (June 2022) . - p.2379-2387 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eeg  Lateralized readiness potential (LRP)  Motor preparation  Prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated motor preparation and action-consequence prediction using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). Motor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. Alterations in predictive processes may impact motor planning. Whether motor planning deficits are characteristic of ASD broadly or magnified in the context of co-morbid ADHD is unclear. ASD children with (ASD?+?ADHD; n=12) and without (ASD?-?ADHD; n=9) comorbid ADHD and typical controls (n=29) performed voluntary motor actions that either did or did not result in auditory consequences. ASD?-?ADHD children demonstrated LRP enhancement when their action produced an effect while ASD?+?ADHD children had attenuated responses regardless of action-effect pairings. Findings suggest influence of ADHD comorbidity on motor preparation and prediction in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05130-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD / Huey-Ling CHIANG in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.857-869 Titre : School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; W. C. KAO, Auteur ; Miao-Churn CHOU, Auteur ; W. J. CHOU, Auteur ; Yen-Nan CHIU, Auteur ; Y. Y. WU, Auteur ; S. S. GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.857-869 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intelligence  personal characteristics  school dysfunction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School dysfunction is observed in youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the factors moderating their school dysfunction have not been well explored. This study investigated school functions in youths with ASD in Taiwan, stratified by personal characteristics including demographics, ASD subtypes, intelligence profiles, and the presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recruited 160 youths (aged 6-18 years, 87.5% boys) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and 160 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) youths. Their parents received a semi-structured psychiatric interview for their ASD and ADHD diagnoses and reported their school functions. Youths with ASD were further grouped into low-functioning autism (LFA, ASD with intellectual disability and developmental language delay, n = 44), high-functioning autism (HFA, ASD with no intellectual disability, n = 55) and Asperger's syndrome (AS, ASD with neither language delay nor intellectual disability, n = 61). Compared to TD, ASD had worse school functions in the domains of academic performance, attitude toward schoolwork, social interaction, and behavioral problems except for no academic differences from TD in HFA and ASD without ADHD. Subgroup analysis revealed that HFA and AS had better academic performance but showed worse attitude toward school than LFA. Comorbidity of ADHD negatively impacted all domains of school functions. Besides autistic and ADHD symptoms, oppositional symptoms, lower intelligence, older age, and female gender in youths also predicted school dysfunction. Although youths with ASD have school dysfunction in several domains, this study specifically addresses the role of intelligence and comorbid ADHD on their school dysfunction. Autism Res 2018, 11: 857-869. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Impaired school functions varied in ASD youths with different characteristics. Youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encounter varying levels and domains of impaired performance at schools, such as lower academic performance, negative attitude toward school work, fewer reciprocal friendships, and more behavioral problems. Our results indicate that ASD youths without intellectual disability had better academic performance, but worse attitude toward school than those with intellectual disability. Co-occurrence with ADHD is associated with school dysfunction. In summary, intelligence and comorbid ADHD influences several domains of school functions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1923 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; W. C. KAO, Auteur ; Miao-Churn CHOU, Auteur ; W. J. CHOU, Auteur ; Yen-Nan CHIU, Auteur ; Y. Y. WU, Auteur ; S. S. GAU, Auteur . - p.857-869. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.857-869 Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intelligence  personal characteristics  school dysfunction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School dysfunction is observed in youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the factors moderating their school dysfunction have not been well explored. This study investigated school functions in youths with ASD in Taiwan, stratified by personal characteristics including demographics, ASD subtypes, intelligence profiles, and the presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recruited 160 youths (aged 6-18 years, 87.5% boys) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and 160 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) youths. Their parents received a semi-structured psychiatric interview for their ASD and ADHD diagnoses and reported their school functions. Youths with ASD were further grouped into low-functioning autism (LFA, ASD with intellectual disability and developmental language delay, n = 44), high-functioning autism (HFA, ASD with no intellectual disability, n = 55) and Asperger's syndrome (AS, ASD with neither language delay nor intellectual disability, n = 61). Compared to TD, ASD had worse school functions in the domains of academic performance, attitude toward schoolwork, social interaction, and behavioral problems except for no academic differences from TD in HFA and ASD without ADHD. Subgroup analysis revealed that HFA and AS had better academic performance but showed worse attitude toward school than LFA. Comorbidity of ADHD negatively impacted all domains of school functions. Besides autistic and ADHD symptoms, oppositional symptoms, lower intelligence, older age, and female gender in youths also predicted school dysfunction. Although youths with ASD have school dysfunction in several domains, this study specifically addresses the role of intelligence and comorbid ADHD on their school dysfunction. Autism Res 2018, 11: 857-869. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Impaired school functions varied in ASD youths with different characteristics. Youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encounter varying levels and domains of impaired performance at schools, such as lower academic performance, negative attitude toward school work, fewer reciprocal friendships, and more behavioral problems. Our results indicate that ASD youths without intellectual disability had better academic performance, but worse attitude toward school than those with intellectual disability. Co-occurrence with ADHD is associated with school dysfunction. In summary, intelligence and comorbid ADHD influences several domains of school functions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1923 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD / C. R. O'CONAILL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.10 Titre : Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. R. O'CONAILL, Auteur ; K. L. MALISZA, Auteur ; J. L. BUSS, Auteur ; R. B. BOLSTER, Auteur ; C. CLANCY, Auteur ; P. D. DE GERVAI, Auteur ; A. E. CHUDLEY, Auteur ; S. LONGSTAFFE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.10 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND)  Attention  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)  Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)  Gray matter  Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF)  Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS)  White matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) falls under the umbrella of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Diagnosis of ARND is difficult because individuals do not demonstrate the characteristic facial features associated with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). While attentional problems in ARND are similar to those found in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the underlying impairment in attention pathways may be different. METHODS: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted at 3 T. Sixty-three children aged 10 to 14 years diagnosed with ARND, ADHD, and typically developing (TD) controls performed a single-feature and a feature-conjunction visual search task. RESULTS: Dorsal and ventral attention pathways were activated during both attention tasks in all groups. Significantly greater activation was observed in ARND subjects during a single-feature search as compared to TD and ADHD groups, suggesting ARND subjects require greater neural recruitment to perform this simple task. ARND subjects appear unable to effectively use the very efficient automatic perceptual 'pop-out' mechanism employed by TD and ADHD groups during presentation of the disjunction array. By comparison, activation was lower in ARND compared to TD and ADHD subjects during the more difficult conjunction search task as compared to the single-feature search. Analysis of DTI data using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) showed areas of significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in ARND compared to TD subjects. Damage to the white matter of the ILF may compromise the ventral attention pathway and may require subjects to use the dorsal attention pathway, which is associated with effortful top-down processing, for tasks that should be automatic. Decreased functional activity in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) of ARND subjects may be due to a reduction in the white matter tract's ability to efficiently convey information critical to performance of the attention tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Limited activation patterns in ARND suggest problems in information processing along the ventral frontoparietal attention pathway. Poor integrity of the ILF, which connects the functional components of the ventral attention network, in ARND subjects may contribute to the attention deficits characteristic of the disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9106-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 [article] Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. R. O'CONAILL, Auteur ; K. L. MALISZA, Auteur ; J. L. BUSS, Auteur ; R. B. BOLSTER, Auteur ; C. CLANCY, Auteur ; P. D. DE GERVAI, Auteur ; A. E. CHUDLEY, Auteur ; S. LONGSTAFFE, Auteur . - p.10. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.10 Mots-clés : Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND)  Attention  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)  Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)  Gray matter  Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF)  Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS)  White matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) falls under the umbrella of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Diagnosis of ARND is difficult because individuals do not demonstrate the characteristic facial features associated with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). While attentional problems in ARND are similar to those found in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the underlying impairment in attention pathways may be different. METHODS: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted at 3 T. Sixty-three children aged 10 to 14 years diagnosed with ARND, ADHD, and typically developing (TD) controls performed a single-feature and a feature-conjunction visual search task. RESULTS: Dorsal and ventral attention pathways were activated during both attention tasks in all groups. Significantly greater activation was observed in ARND subjects during a single-feature search as compared to TD and ADHD groups, suggesting ARND subjects require greater neural recruitment to perform this simple task. ARND subjects appear unable to effectively use the very efficient automatic perceptual 'pop-out' mechanism employed by TD and ADHD groups during presentation of the disjunction array. By comparison, activation was lower in ARND compared to TD and ADHD subjects during the more difficult conjunction search task as compared to the single-feature search. Analysis of DTI data using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) showed areas of significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in ARND compared to TD subjects. Damage to the white matter of the ILF may compromise the ventral attention pathway and may require subjects to use the dorsal attention pathway, which is associated with effortful top-down processing, for tasks that should be automatic. Decreased functional activity in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) of ARND subjects may be due to a reduction in the white matter tract's ability to efficiently convey information critical to performance of the attention tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Limited activation patterns in ARND suggest problems in information processing along the ventral frontoparietal attention pathway. Poor integrity of the ILF, which connects the functional components of the ventral attention network, in ARND subjects may contribute to the attention deficits characteristic of the disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9106-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347

Increased pupil dilation to happy faces in children with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms of ADHD / Johan Lundin KLEBERG in Development and Psychopathology, 33-3 (August 2021)  

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Cognitive impairments are different in single-incidence and multi-incidence ADHD families / Anoek M. OERLEMANS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-7 (July 2015)  

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Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and processing speed: predicting adaptive change in ADHD levels and related impairments in preschoolers / Betsy HOZA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-12 (December 2020)  

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Simplex and Multiplex Stratification in ASD and ADHD Families: A Promising Approach for Identifying Overlapping and Unique Underpinnings of ASD and ADHD? / Anoek M. OERLEMANS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-3 (March 2015)  

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Working memory training in young children with ADHD: a randomized placebo-controlled trial / Martine VAN DONGEN-BOOMSMA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-8 (August 2014)  

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