Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Genotypic Differences Between Individuals Affected by Regressive and Non-Regressive Autism: A Cross-Sectional Study / Alana IABONI ; Brett TROST ; Miriam REUTER ; Zsuzsa LINDENMAIER ; Azadeh KUSHKI ; Elizabeth KELLEY ; Jessica JONES ; Muhammed AYUB ; Stelios GEORGIADES ; Robert NICOLSON ; Elim CHAN ; Andrada CRETU ; Jessica BRIAN ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU in Autism Research, 18-6 (June 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-6 (June 2025) . - p.1290-1300 Titre : Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Genotypic Differences Between Individuals Affected by Regressive and Non-Regressive Autism: A Cross-Sectional Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Brett TROST, Auteur ; Miriam REUTER, Auteur ; Zsuzsa LINDENMAIER, Auteur ; Azadeh KUSHKI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Muhammed AYUB, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Elim CHAN, Auteur ; Andrada CRETU, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1290-1300 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism Spectrum disorder  child  genotype  neurodevelopmental disorder  phenotype  regressive autism  retrospective studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Development among autistic youth varies widely. A subgroup of children experiences regression, defined as the loss of previously acquired developmental skills. Various genetic and environmental factors have been suggested as potential contributors. This study aimed to compare the developmental profiles of children and youth with regression to those without and identify factors associated with regression. Data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) Network was analyzed, including 930 eligible participants. Regression classification was based on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Differences in demographic information, medical history, mental health, cognitive and adaptive functioning, and molecular genetic findings were examined between individuals with regressive and non-regressive autism. Among participants, 211 (22.7%) had regressive autism. Lower Full-Scale IQ (p corrected?=?0.015) and adaptive function (ABAS-2) scores (p corrected?=?0.015) were identified in the regressive group. No statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes (measured by the Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL) or socialization and core symptom severity (measured by the Social Communication Questionnaire, SCQ) were found. There were no notable differences in other factors hypothesized to contribute to regression, such as pregnancy duration, family history of autism, caregivers' education levels, or sleep disorders, except for a higher prevalence of epilepsy in the regressive group (p?=?0.001). Rare and common genetic features of both groups are described. In conclusion, autistic youth with regression tend to have lower cognitive and adaptive scores and may experience higher epilepsy rates. Further powered studies are needed to explore the genomic architecture of autistic regression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70029 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=558 [article] Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Genotypic Differences Between Individuals Affected by Regressive and Non-Regressive Autism: A Cross-Sectional Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Brett TROST, Auteur ; Miriam REUTER, Auteur ; Zsuzsa LINDENMAIER, Auteur ; Azadeh KUSHKI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Muhammed AYUB, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Elim CHAN, Auteur ; Andrada CRETU, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur . - p.1290-1300. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-6 (June 2025) . - p.1290-1300 Mots-clés : autism Spectrum disorder  child  genotype  neurodevelopmental disorder  phenotype  regressive autism  retrospective studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Development among autistic youth varies widely. A subgroup of children experiences regression, defined as the loss of previously acquired developmental skills. Various genetic and environmental factors have been suggested as potential contributors. This study aimed to compare the developmental profiles of children and youth with regression to those without and identify factors associated with regression. Data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) Network was analyzed, including 930 eligible participants. Regression classification was based on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Differences in demographic information, medical history, mental health, cognitive and adaptive functioning, and molecular genetic findings were examined between individuals with regressive and non-regressive autism. Among participants, 211 (22.7%) had regressive autism. Lower Full-Scale IQ (p corrected?=?0.015) and adaptive function (ABAS-2) scores (p corrected?=?0.015) were identified in the regressive group. No statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes (measured by the Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL) or socialization and core symptom severity (measured by the Social Communication Questionnaire, SCQ) were found. There were no notable differences in other factors hypothesized to contribute to regression, such as pregnancy duration, family history of autism, caregivers' education levels, or sleep disorders, except for a higher prevalence of epilepsy in the regressive group (p?=?0.001). Rare and common genetic features of both groups are described. In conclusion, autistic youth with regression tend to have lower cognitive and adaptive scores and may experience higher epilepsy rates. Further powered studies are needed to explore the genomic architecture of autistic regression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70029 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=558

Exploring the use of the verbal intelligence quotient as a proxy for language ability in autism spectrum disorder / Leticia RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 73 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 73 (May 2019) . - 101548 Titre : Exploring the use of the verbal intelligence quotient as a proxy for language ability in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leticia RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Deryk BEAL, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Susan Day FRAGIADAKIS, Auteur ; Leanne RISTIC, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Teenu SANJEEVAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Verbal intelligence quotient  Receptive language  Expressive language  Wechsler scales  Oral and Written Language Scales – Second Edition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is growing interest in understanding the brain and language associations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A considerable number of studies investigating these associations have used the verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) as their primary measure of language form and content. Given this current trend, we aimed to establish whether the VIQ could reliably be used as a measure of receptive and expressive language form and content in individuals with ASD and in typical development (TD). Method We examined the VIQ standard scores derived from a Wechsler cognitive battery as well as receptive and expressive language standard scores from the Oral Written Language Scales – Second Edition (OWLS-II) of 714 participants aged 3–21 years: 488 with ASD and 226 with TD. Results Regression analyses revealed that VIQ scores predicted greater variance in receptive and expressive language scores in males with ASD relative to males with TD, and predicted less variance in receptive and expressive language scores in females with ASD relative to females with TD. Overall, VIQ accounted for a small proportion of variance in receptive and expressive language scores. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the VIQ does not accurately capture language form and content evaluated by language measures like the OWLS-II, but may perhaps be used as a proxy for language content only. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Exploring the use of the verbal intelligence quotient as a proxy for language ability in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leticia RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Deryk BEAL, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Susan Day FRAGIADAKIS, Auteur ; Leanne RISTIC, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Teenu SANJEEVAN, Auteur . - 101548. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 73 (May 2019) . - 101548 Mots-clés : ASD  Verbal intelligence quotient  Receptive language  Expressive language  Wechsler scales  Oral and Written Language Scales – Second Edition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is growing interest in understanding the brain and language associations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A considerable number of studies investigating these associations have used the verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) as their primary measure of language form and content. Given this current trend, we aimed to establish whether the VIQ could reliably be used as a measure of receptive and expressive language form and content in individuals with ASD and in typical development (TD). Method We examined the VIQ standard scores derived from a Wechsler cognitive battery as well as receptive and expressive language standard scores from the Oral Written Language Scales – Second Edition (OWLS-II) of 714 participants aged 3–21 years: 488 with ASD and 226 with TD. Results Regression analyses revealed that VIQ scores predicted greater variance in receptive and expressive language scores in males with ASD relative to males with TD, and predicted less variance in receptive and expressive language scores in females with ASD relative to females with TD. Overall, VIQ accounted for a small proportion of variance in receptive and expressive language scores. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the VIQ does not accurately capture language form and content evaluated by language measures like the OWLS-II, but may perhaps be used as a proxy for language content only. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101548 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Harmonizing two measures of adaptive functioning using computational approaches: prediction of vineland adaptive behavior scales II (VABS-II) from the adaptive behavior assessment system II (ABAS-II) scores / Alexandra LAUTARESCU ; Tony CHARMAN ; Jennifer CROSBIE ; Russell J SCHACHAR ; Alana IABONI ; Stelios GEORGIADES ; Robert NICOLSON ; Elizabeth KELLEY ; Muhammad AYUB ; Jessica JONES ; Paul D ARNOLD ; Jason P LERCH ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU ; Azadeh KUSHKI in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 51 Titre : Harmonizing two measures of adaptive functioning using computational approaches: prediction of vineland adaptive behavior scales II (VABS-II) from the adaptive behavior assessment system II (ABAS-II) scores Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alexandra LAUTARESCU, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Russell J SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Paul D ARNOLD, Auteur ; Jason P LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Azadeh KUSHKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Female  Child  Adolescent  *Adaptation, Psychological  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Very large sample sizes are often needed to capture heterogeneity in autism, necessitating data sharing across multiple studies with diverse assessment instruments. In these cases, data harmonization can be a critical tool for deriving a single dataset for analysis. This can be done through computational approaches that enable the conversion of scores across various instruments. To this end, our study examined the use of analytical approaches for mapping scores on two measures of adaptive functioning, namely predicting the scores on the vineland adaptive behavior scales II (VABS) from the scores on the adaptive behavior assessment system II (ABAS). METHODS: Data from the province of Ontario neurodevelopmental disorders network were used. The dataset included scores VABS and the ABAS for 720 participants (autism n = 547, 433 male, age: 11.31?+?3.63 years; neurotypical n = 173, 95 male, age: 12.53?+?4.05 years). Six regression approaches (ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression, ridge regression, ElasticNet, LASSO, AdaBoost, random forest) were used to predict VABS total scores from the ABAS scores, demographic variables (age, sex), and phenotypic measures (diagnosis; core and co-occurring features; IQ; internalizing and externalizing symptoms). RESULTS: The VABS scores were significantly higher than the ABAS scores in the autism group, but not the neurotypical group (median difference: 8, 95% CI = (7,9)). The difference was negatively associated with age (beta = -1.2?+?0.12, t = -10.6, p < 0.0001). All estimators demonstrated similar performance, with no statistically significant differences in mean absolute error (MAE) values across estimators (MAE range: 4.96-6.91). The highest contributing features to the prediction model were ABAS composite score, diagnosis, and age. LIMITATIONS: This study has several strengths, including the large sample. We did not examine the conversion of domain scores across the two measures of adaptive functioning and suggest this as a future area of investigation. CONCLUSION: Overall, our results supported the feasibility of harmonization. Our results suggest that a linear regression model trained on the ABAS composite score, the ABAS raw domain scores, and age, sex, and diagnosis would provide an acceptable trade-off between accuracy, parsimony, and data collection and processing complexity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00630-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555 [article] Harmonizing two measures of adaptive functioning using computational approaches: prediction of vineland adaptive behavior scales II (VABS-II) from the adaptive behavior assessment system II (ABAS-II) scores [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexandra LAUTARESCU, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Jennifer CROSBIE, Auteur ; Russell J SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Jessica JONES, Auteur ; Paul D ARNOLD, Auteur ; Jason P LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Azadeh KUSHKI, Auteur . - 51. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 51 Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Female  Child  Adolescent  *Adaptation, Psychological  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Very large sample sizes are often needed to capture heterogeneity in autism, necessitating data sharing across multiple studies with diverse assessment instruments. In these cases, data harmonization can be a critical tool for deriving a single dataset for analysis. This can be done through computational approaches that enable the conversion of scores across various instruments. To this end, our study examined the use of analytical approaches for mapping scores on two measures of adaptive functioning, namely predicting the scores on the vineland adaptive behavior scales II (VABS) from the scores on the adaptive behavior assessment system II (ABAS). METHODS: Data from the province of Ontario neurodevelopmental disorders network were used. The dataset included scores VABS and the ABAS for 720 participants (autism n = 547, 433 male, age: 11.31?+?3.63 years; neurotypical n = 173, 95 male, age: 12.53?+?4.05 years). Six regression approaches (ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression, ridge regression, ElasticNet, LASSO, AdaBoost, random forest) were used to predict VABS total scores from the ABAS scores, demographic variables (age, sex), and phenotypic measures (diagnosis; core and co-occurring features; IQ; internalizing and externalizing symptoms). RESULTS: The VABS scores were significantly higher than the ABAS scores in the autism group, but not the neurotypical group (median difference: 8, 95% CI = (7,9)). The difference was negatively associated with age (beta = -1.2?+?0.12, t = -10.6, p < 0.0001). All estimators demonstrated similar performance, with no statistically significant differences in mean absolute error (MAE) values across estimators (MAE range: 4.96-6.91). The highest contributing features to the prediction model were ABAS composite score, diagnosis, and age. LIMITATIONS: This study has several strengths, including the large sample. We did not examine the conversion of domain scores across the two measures of adaptive functioning and suggest this as a future area of investigation. CONCLUSION: Overall, our results supported the feasibility of harmonization. Our results suggest that a linear regression model trained on the ABAS composite score, the ABAS raw domain scores, and age, sex, and diagnosis would provide an acceptable trade-off between accuracy, parsimony, and data collection and processing complexity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00630-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555

Linkage of whole genome sequencing and administrative health data in autism: A proof of concept study / Danielle A. BARIBEAU in Autism Research, 16-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-8 (August 2023) . - p.1600-1608 Titre : Linkage of whole genome sequencing and administrative health data in autism: A proof of concept study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle A. BARIBEAU, Auteur ; Jasleen ARNEJA, Auteur ; Xuesong WANG, Auteur ; Jennifer HOWE, Auteur ; John R. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Karen TU, Auteur ; Jun GUAN, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Stephen W. SCHERER, Auteur ; Susan E. BRONSKILL, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jennifer D. BROOKS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1600-1608 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Whether genetic testing in autism can help understand longitudinal health outcomes and health service needs is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether carrying an autism-associated rare genetic variant is associated with differences in health system utilization by autistic children and youth. This retrospective cohort study examined 415 autistic children/youth who underwent genome sequencing and data collection through a translational neuroscience program (Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders Network). Participant data were linked to provincial health administrative databases to identify historical health service utilization, health care costs, and complex chronic medical conditions during a 3-year period. Health administrative data were compared between participants with and without a rare genetic variant in at least 1 of 74 genes associated with autism. Participants with a rare variant impacting an autism-associated gene (n=83, 20%) were less likely to have received psychiatric care (at least one psychiatrist visit: 19.3% vs. 34.3%, p=0.01; outpatient mental health visit: 66% vs. 77%, p=0.04). Health care costs were similar between groups (median: $5589 vs. $4938, p=0.4) and genetic status was not associated with odds of being a high-cost participant (top 20%) in this cohort. There were no differences in the proportion with complex chronic medical conditions between those with and without an autism-associated genetic variant. Our study highlights the feasibility and potential value of genomic and health system data linkage to understand health service needs, disparities, and health trajectories in individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2999 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Linkage of whole genome sequencing and administrative health data in autism: A proof of concept study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle A. BARIBEAU, Auteur ; Jasleen ARNEJA, Auteur ; Xuesong WANG, Auteur ; Jennifer HOWE, Auteur ; John R. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Karen TU, Auteur ; Jun GUAN, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Robert NICOLSON, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Stephen W. SCHERER, Auteur ; Susan E. BRONSKILL, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Jennifer D. BROOKS, Auteur . - p.1600-1608. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-8 (August 2023) . - p.1600-1608 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Whether genetic testing in autism can help understand longitudinal health outcomes and health service needs is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether carrying an autism-associated rare genetic variant is associated with differences in health system utilization by autistic children and youth. This retrospective cohort study examined 415 autistic children/youth who underwent genome sequencing and data collection through a translational neuroscience program (Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders Network). Participant data were linked to provincial health administrative databases to identify historical health service utilization, health care costs, and complex chronic medical conditions during a 3-year period. Health administrative data were compared between participants with and without a rare genetic variant in at least 1 of 74 genes associated with autism. Participants with a rare variant impacting an autism-associated gene (n=83, 20%) were less likely to have received psychiatric care (at least one psychiatrist visit: 19.3% vs. 34.3%, p=0.01; outpatient mental health visit: 66% vs. 77%, p=0.04). Health care costs were similar between groups (median: $5589 vs. $4938, p=0.4) and genetic status was not associated with odds of being a high-cost participant (top 20%) in this cohort. There were no differences in the proportion with complex chronic medical conditions between those with and without an autism-associated genetic variant. Our study highlights the feasibility and potential value of genomic and health system data linkage to understand health service needs, disparities, and health trajectories in individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2999 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

A randomized, placebo controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of young children with autism / Deepali MANKAD in Molecular Autism, (March 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (March 2015) . - p.1-11 Titre : A randomized, placebo controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of young children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Deepali MANKAD, Auteur ; Annie DUPUIS, Auteur ; Sharon SMILE, Auteur ; Wendy ROBERTS, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Toni LUI, Auteur ; Lisa GENORE, Auteur ; Dina ZAGHLOUL, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Peggy Margaret A. MARCON, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting more than 1% of children. It is characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors/restricted interests. In the absence of any medications known to improve core symptom domains, parents often use complementary alternative treatments, including omega-3 fatty acid supplements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0010-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277 [article] A randomized, placebo controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of young children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Deepali MANKAD, Auteur ; Annie DUPUIS, Auteur ; Sharon SMILE, Auteur ; Wendy ROBERTS, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Toni LUI, Auteur ; Lisa GENORE, Auteur ; Dina ZAGHLOUL, Auteur ; Alana IABONI, Auteur ; Peggy Margaret A. MARCON, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur . - p.1-11. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (March 2015) . - p.1-11 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting more than 1% of children. It is characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors/restricted interests. In the absence of any medications known to improve core symptom domains, parents often use complementary alternative treatments, including omega-3 fatty acid supplements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0010-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=277

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