Adults with Autism and Adults with Depression Show Similar Attentional Biases to Social-Affective Images / Kathryn E. UNRUH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-7 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-7 (July 2020) . - p.2336-2347 Titre : Adults with Autism and Adults with Depression Show Similar Attentional Biases to Social-Affective Images Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathryn E. UNRUH, Auteur ; James W. BODFISH, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2336-2347 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Eye-tracking  Mood  Negativity bias  Repetitive thinking  Rumination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with ASD have increased rates of depression compared to the general population. Repetitive cognition is a core feature of ASD; in typically developing adults, repetitive cognition has been associated with attentional biases to negative emotional material and increased prospective depression risk. We compared adults with ASD to typically developing adults with depression and never-depressed controls, using a paired preference paradigm sensitive to affective biases in the context of repetitive cognition. Both clinical cohorts oriented faster to negative social-emotional material and spent less time overall on positive material, compared to healthy controls. Exploratory analyses within ASD revealed specific influences of repetitive behavior on patterns of affective bias. Findings help pinpoint susceptibilities in ASD that may confer increased risk for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3627-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426 [article] Adults with Autism and Adults with Depression Show Similar Attentional Biases to Social-Affective Images [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathryn E. UNRUH, Auteur ; James W. BODFISH, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.2336-2347. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-7 (July 2020) . - p.2336-2347 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Eye-tracking  Mood  Negativity bias  Repetitive thinking  Rumination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with ASD have increased rates of depression compared to the general population. Repetitive cognition is a core feature of ASD; in typically developing adults, repetitive cognition has been associated with attentional biases to negative emotional material and increased prospective depression risk. We compared adults with ASD to typically developing adults with depression and never-depressed controls, using a paired preference paradigm sensitive to affective biases in the context of repetitive cognition. Both clinical cohorts oriented faster to negative social-emotional material and spent less time overall on positive material, compared to healthy controls. Exploratory analyses within ASD revealed specific influences of repetitive behavior on patterns of affective bias. Findings help pinpoint susceptibilities in ASD that may confer increased risk for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3627-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426

Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults / Zachary J. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.761-770 Titre : Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.761-770 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/complications/epidemiology/psychology  Female  Humans  Male  Medically Unexplained Symptoms  Quality of Life  Young Adult  autism  bodily distress syndrome  physical symptoms  prevalence  sex differences  somatic symptoms  somatization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Somatic symptoms are the most common cause of outpatient medical visits in the general population, yet their presence and severity in individuals on the autism spectrum has rarely been studied. We sought to assess the prevalence, impact, and clinical correlates of 14 commonly reported somatic symptoms in a sample of 290 transition-aged autistic young adults (mean [SD] age: 23.10 [2.38] years, range 18-26; 76.7% diagnosed with autism before age 18) recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK participant pool. A modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptom prevalence/impact, along with measures of depression, anxiety, autistic traits, and quality of life. Somatic symptom burden was much higher in autistic young adults than previously reported in the general population. The most commonly reported current symptoms were fatigue (72.8%), sleep problems (69.0%), and menstrual problems (61.4% of females). Moderate or severe symptom levels were reported by 53.9% of females and 18.75% of males in our cohort, with the odds of females endorsing any given symptom being 2-4 times greater than males. Both individual symptoms and total symptom burden were related to higher levels of depression, anxiety, and autistic traits, along with lower quality of life. Despite little research on this topic previously, somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in autistic young adults, particularly women. Future research is needed to investigate links between somatic symptoms, medical and psychiatric morbidity, and health care utilization in the autistic population. LAY SUMMARY: Somatic symptoms (i.e., physical symptoms such as such as pain, weakness, stomachache, or shortness of breath) are highly prevalent in the general population and account for a large proportion of health care costs. However, few studies have investigated how often these symptoms are reported by autistic adults or their associations with other clinical and demographic variables. Based on self-report data from 290 young autistic adults, we found very high rates of bothersome somatic symptoms in this population, with females endorsing all symptoms at substantially higher rates than males. Somatic symptoms were also associated with worse mental health and quality of life, suggesting that they represent an overlooked contributor to poor health outcomes in the autistic adult population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.761-770. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.761-770 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/complications/epidemiology/psychology  Female  Humans  Male  Medically Unexplained Symptoms  Quality of Life  Young Adult  autism  bodily distress syndrome  physical symptoms  prevalence  sex differences  somatic symptoms  somatization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Somatic symptoms are the most common cause of outpatient medical visits in the general population, yet their presence and severity in individuals on the autism spectrum has rarely been studied. We sought to assess the prevalence, impact, and clinical correlates of 14 commonly reported somatic symptoms in a sample of 290 transition-aged autistic young adults (mean [SD] age: 23.10 [2.38] years, range 18-26; 76.7% diagnosed with autism before age 18) recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK participant pool. A modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptom prevalence/impact, along with measures of depression, anxiety, autistic traits, and quality of life. Somatic symptom burden was much higher in autistic young adults than previously reported in the general population. The most commonly reported current symptoms were fatigue (72.8%), sleep problems (69.0%), and menstrual problems (61.4% of females). Moderate or severe symptom levels were reported by 53.9% of females and 18.75% of males in our cohort, with the odds of females endorsing any given symptom being 2-4 times greater than males. Both individual symptoms and total symptom burden were related to higher levels of depression, anxiety, and autistic traits, along with lower quality of life. Despite little research on this topic previously, somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in autistic young adults, particularly women. Future research is needed to investigate links between somatic symptoms, medical and psychiatric morbidity, and health care utilization in the autistic population. LAY SUMMARY: Somatic symptoms (i.e., physical symptoms such as such as pain, weakness, stomachache, or shortness of breath) are highly prevalent in the general population and account for a large proportion of health care costs. However, few studies have investigated how often these symptoms are reported by autistic adults or their associations with other clinical and demographic variables. Based on self-report data from 290 young autistic adults, we found very high rates of bothersome somatic symptoms in this population, with females endorsing all symptoms at substantially higher rates than males. Somatic symptoms were also associated with worse mental health and quality of life, suggesting that they represent an overlooked contributor to poor health outcomes in the autistic adult population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis / Zachary J. WILLIAMS in Autism, 26-7 (October 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-7 (October 2022) . - p.2048-2063 Titre : Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Erin E. MCKENNEY, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2048-2063 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Depression  Humans  Surveys and Questionnaires  adults  autism spectrum disorders  brooding  centrality  network analysis  psychiatric comorbidity  reflection  rumination  stock/stock options in Axsome Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics,  and Fulgent Genetics. ZJW also serves on the family advisory committee of the  Autism Speaks Autism Learning Health Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic  researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Network for Physical Health  (AIR-P). The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults are substantially more likely to develop depression than individuals in the general population, and recent research has indicated that certain differences in thinking styles associated with autism may play a role in this association. Rumination, the act of thinking about the same thing over and over without a functional outcome, is a significant risk factor for depression in both autistic and non-autistic adults. However, little is known about how different kinds of rumination relate to each other and to depressive symptoms in the autistic population specifically. To fill this gap in knowledge, we recruited a large online sample of autistic adults, who completed questionnaire measures of both the tendency to ruminate and symptoms of depression. By examining the interacting network of rumination and depression symptoms, this study was able to identify particular aspects of rumination-such as thinking repetitively about one's guilty feelings or criticizing oneself-that may be particularly important in maintaining these harmful thought patterns in autistic adults. Although further study is needed, it is possible that the symptoms identified as most "influential" in the network may be particularly good targets for future interventions for mood and anxiety disorders in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012855 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484 [article] Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Erin E. MCKENNEY, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.2048-2063. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-7 (October 2022) . - p.2048-2063 Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Depression  Humans  Surveys and Questionnaires  adults  autism spectrum disorders  brooding  centrality  network analysis  psychiatric comorbidity  reflection  rumination  stock/stock options in Axsome Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics,  and Fulgent Genetics. ZJW also serves on the family advisory committee of the  Autism Speaks Autism Learning Health Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic  researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Network for Physical Health  (AIR-P). The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults are substantially more likely to develop depression than individuals in the general population, and recent research has indicated that certain differences in thinking styles associated with autism may play a role in this association. Rumination, the act of thinking about the same thing over and over without a functional outcome, is a significant risk factor for depression in both autistic and non-autistic adults. However, little is known about how different kinds of rumination relate to each other and to depressive symptoms in the autistic population specifically. To fill this gap in knowledge, we recruited a large online sample of autistic adults, who completed questionnaire measures of both the tendency to ruminate and symptoms of depression. By examining the interacting network of rumination and depression symptoms, this study was able to identify particular aspects of rumination-such as thinking repetitively about one's guilty feelings or criticizing oneself-that may be particularly important in maintaining these harmful thought patterns in autistic adults. Although further study is needed, it is possible that the symptoms identified as most "influential" in the network may be particularly good targets for future interventions for mood and anxiety disorders in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012855 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484

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