DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders / M. T. SIU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3610-3623 Titre : DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. T. SIU, Auteur ; S. J. GOODMAN, Auteur ; I. YELLAN, Auteur ; D. T. BUTCHER, Auteur ; M. JANGJOO, Auteur ; D. GRAFODATSKAYA, Auteur ; R. RAJENDRAM, Auteur ; Y. LOU, Auteur ; R. ZHANG, Auteur ; C. ZHAO, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; P. SZATMARI, Auteur ; Stephen SCHERER, Auteur ; W. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. WEKSBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3610-3623 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  DNA Methylation  Female  Humans  Male  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder  Oxytocin/metabolism  Receptors, Oxytocin/genetics  Adhd  Asd  Ocd  Oxtr Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, OXTR, in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive (OCD) disorders. DNAm of OXTR was assessed for cohorts of ASD (blood), ADHD (saliva), OCD (saliva), which uncovered sex-specific DNAm differences compared to neurotypical, tissue-matched controls. Individuals with ASD or ADHD exhibiting extreme DNAm values had lower IQ and more social problems, respectively, than those with DNAm within normative ranges. This suggests that OXTR DNAm patterns are altered across NDDs and may be correlated with common clinical outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04792-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. T. SIU, Auteur ; S. J. GOODMAN, Auteur ; I. YELLAN, Auteur ; D. T. BUTCHER, Auteur ; M. JANGJOO, Auteur ; D. GRAFODATSKAYA, Auteur ; R. RAJENDRAM, Auteur ; Y. LOU, Auteur ; R. ZHANG, Auteur ; C. ZHAO, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; P. SZATMARI, Auteur ; Stephen SCHERER, Auteur ; W. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. WEKSBERG, Auteur . - p.3610-3623. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3610-3623 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  DNA Methylation  Female  Humans  Male  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder  Oxytocin/metabolism  Receptors, Oxytocin/genetics  Adhd  Asd  Ocd  Oxtr Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, OXTR, in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive (OCD) disorders. DNAm of OXTR was assessed for cohorts of ASD (blood), ADHD (saliva), OCD (saliva), which uncovered sex-specific DNAm differences compared to neurotypical, tissue-matched controls. Individuals with ASD or ADHD exhibiting extreme DNAm values had lower IQ and more social problems, respectively, than those with DNAm within normative ranges. This suggests that OXTR DNAm patterns are altered across NDDs and may be correlated with common clinical outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04792-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder / E. KUENZEL in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2654-2662 Titre : Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. KUENZEL, Auteur ; D. SEGUIN, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; E. G. DUERDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2654-2662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Parenting  Peer Group  Children  Clinical Psychology  Cognitive Neuroscience  Environmental risk factors  Neuropsychology  Parent Training  Pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are statistically more likely to experience early adversity; however, little is known about the types of early adversity that place these children at risk, the role of parenting as a protective factor, and how this early life stress impacts cognitive outcomes. We assessed early adversity in 302 children (ASD = 98) aged 6-16?years old, using parent-based report. To identify protective factors, we assessed parenting styles using parent surveys. Executive functions were assessed in the children using the WISC-V. Children with ASD had an increased incidence of familial stressors compared to the typically developing (TD) group. Positive parenting was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of familial adverse events for both children with ASD and TD children. Examining the relationship between adversity and cognitive outcomes, in young children (6-11?years) with ASD, environmental stressors were associated with cognitive impairments. Findings suggest children with ASD may be at higher risk for familial adversity than their TD peers. However, all children benefit from positive parenting styles, which may mitigate the adverse effects of family-based early life stress. LAY SUMMARY: Some key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) include difficulties with communication and social impairments. This means that children with ASD may be more likely to experience early adversity (stressful social interactions which take place during childhood) than children without ASD. Research in typically developing (TD) children has shown that experiencing more stressful events in childhood can cause changes in the brain, which can potentially impact the child's memory, reasoning, and decision-making skills later in life. However, there is evidence to suggest that having a nurturing relationship with a parent can offset some of the negative impacts of childhood adversity. In our study, we found that children with ASD are more likely to experience family-related stress compared to TD children. Having a positive relationship with a parent, however, was linked to experiencing this type of stress less often for all children, regardless of whether they were diagnosed with ASD. We also found that stressors related to environmental factors like financial instability were associated with lower cognitive abilities in children with ASD under 12?years of age. Understanding how these factors interact and differ in children with ASD can help to build stronger families and help children with ASD to thrive throughout their development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Early adversity and positive parenting: Association with cognitive outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. KUENZEL, Auteur ; D. SEGUIN, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; E. G. DUERDEN, Auteur . - p.2654-2662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2654-2662 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Executive Function  Humans  Parenting  Peer Group  Children  Clinical Psychology  Cognitive Neuroscience  Environmental risk factors  Neuropsychology  Parent Training  Pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are statistically more likely to experience early adversity; however, little is known about the types of early adversity that place these children at risk, the role of parenting as a protective factor, and how this early life stress impacts cognitive outcomes. We assessed early adversity in 302 children (ASD = 98) aged 6-16?years old, using parent-based report. To identify protective factors, we assessed parenting styles using parent surveys. Executive functions were assessed in the children using the WISC-V. Children with ASD had an increased incidence of familial stressors compared to the typically developing (TD) group. Positive parenting was associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of familial adverse events for both children with ASD and TD children. Examining the relationship between adversity and cognitive outcomes, in young children (6-11?years) with ASD, environmental stressors were associated with cognitive impairments. Findings suggest children with ASD may be at higher risk for familial adversity than their TD peers. However, all children benefit from positive parenting styles, which may mitigate the adverse effects of family-based early life stress. LAY SUMMARY: Some key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) include difficulties with communication and social impairments. This means that children with ASD may be more likely to experience early adversity (stressful social interactions which take place during childhood) than children without ASD. Research in typically developing (TD) children has shown that experiencing more stressful events in childhood can cause changes in the brain, which can potentially impact the child's memory, reasoning, and decision-making skills later in life. However, there is evidence to suggest that having a nurturing relationship with a parent can offset some of the negative impacts of childhood adversity. In our study, we found that children with ASD are more likely to experience family-related stress compared to TD children. Having a positive relationship with a parent, however, was linked to experiencing this type of stress less often for all children, regardless of whether they were diagnosed with ASD. We also found that stressors related to environmental factors like financial instability were associated with lower cognitive abilities in children with ASD under 12?years of age. Understanding how these factors interact and differ in children with ASD can help to build stronger families and help children with ASD to thrive throughout their development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2613 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder / N. E. SCHEERER in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 67 p. Titre : Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : N. E. SCHEERER, Auteur ; K. CURCIN, Auteur ; B. STOJANOSKI, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; E. KELLEY, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; X. LIU, Auteur ; R. A. STEVENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 67 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD traits  Adaptive behaviour  Autism spectrum disorder  Cluster analysis  OCD traits  Restrictive and repetitive behaviours  Sensory phenotypes  Sensory processing  Social communication  have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical reactions to the sensory environment are often reported in autistic individuals, with a high degree of variability across the sensory modalities. These sensory differences have been shown to promote challenging behaviours and distress in autistic individuals and are predictive of other functions including motor, social, and cognitive abilities. Preliminary research suggests that specific sensory differences may cluster together within individuals creating discrete sensory phenotypes. However, the manner in which these sensory differences cluster, and whether the resulting phenotypes are associated with specific cognitive and social challenges is unclear. METHODS: Short sensory profile data from 599 autistic children and adults between the ages of 1 and 21 years were subjected to a K-means cluster analysis. Analysis of variances compared age, adaptive behaviour, and traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder across the resultant clusters. RESULTS: A five-cluster model was found to minimize error variance and produce five sensory phenotypes: (1) sensory adaptive, (2) generalized sensory differences, (3) taste and smell sensitivity, (4) under-responsive and sensation seeking, and (5) movement difficulties with low energy. Age, adaptive behaviour, and traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder were found to differ significantly across the five phenotypes. LIMITATIONS: The results were based on parent-report measures of sensory processing, adaptive behaviour, traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Further, not all measures are standardized, or psychometrically validated with an autism population. Autistic individuals with an intellectual disability were underrepresented in this sample. Further, as these data were obtained from established records from a large provincial database, not all measures were completed for all individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that sensory difficulties in autistic individuals can be clustered into sensory phenotypes, and that these phenotypes are associated with behavioural differences. Given the large degree of heterogeneity in sensory difficulties seen in the autistic population, these sensory phenotypes represent an effective way to parse that heterogeneity and create phenotypes that may aid in the development of effective treatments and interventions for sensory difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00471-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / N. E. SCHEERER, Auteur ; K. CURCIN, Auteur ; B. STOJANOSKI, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; E. KELLEY, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; X. LIU, Auteur ; R. A. STEVENSON, Auteur . - 67 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 67 p. Mots-clés : ADHD traits  Adaptive behaviour  Autism spectrum disorder  Cluster analysis  OCD traits  Restrictive and repetitive behaviours  Sensory phenotypes  Sensory processing  Social communication  have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical reactions to the sensory environment are often reported in autistic individuals, with a high degree of variability across the sensory modalities. These sensory differences have been shown to promote challenging behaviours and distress in autistic individuals and are predictive of other functions including motor, social, and cognitive abilities. Preliminary research suggests that specific sensory differences may cluster together within individuals creating discrete sensory phenotypes. However, the manner in which these sensory differences cluster, and whether the resulting phenotypes are associated with specific cognitive and social challenges is unclear. METHODS: Short sensory profile data from 599 autistic children and adults between the ages of 1 and 21 years were subjected to a K-means cluster analysis. Analysis of variances compared age, adaptive behaviour, and traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder across the resultant clusters. RESULTS: A five-cluster model was found to minimize error variance and produce five sensory phenotypes: (1) sensory adaptive, (2) generalized sensory differences, (3) taste and smell sensitivity, (4) under-responsive and sensation seeking, and (5) movement difficulties with low energy. Age, adaptive behaviour, and traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder were found to differ significantly across the five phenotypes. LIMITATIONS: The results were based on parent-report measures of sensory processing, adaptive behaviour, traits associated with autism, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive and compulsive disorder, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Further, not all measures are standardized, or psychometrically validated with an autism population. Autistic individuals with an intellectual disability were underrepresented in this sample. Further, as these data were obtained from established records from a large provincial database, not all measures were completed for all individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that sensory difficulties in autistic individuals can be clustered into sensory phenotypes, and that these phenotypes are associated with behavioural differences. Given the large degree of heterogeneity in sensory difficulties seen in the autistic population, these sensory phenotypes represent an effective way to parse that heterogeneity and create phenotypes that may aid in the development of effective treatments and interventions for sensory difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00471-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

Factor Structure of Repetitive Behaviors Across Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder / N. J. BRIERLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3391-3400 Titre : Factor Structure of Repetitive Behaviors Across Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : N. J. BRIERLEY, Auteur ; C. G. MCDONNELL, Auteur ; K. M. A. PARKS, Auteur ; S. E. SCHULZ, Auteur ; T. C. DALAL, Auteur ; E. KELLEY, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; J. CROSBIE, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; X. LIU, Auteur ; R. A. STEVENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3391-3400 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Female  Humans  Stereotyped Behavior  Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Factor analysis  Restricted and repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and commonly occur in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Little is known about how RRBs manifest in ADHD. We quantified and compared factor structures of RRBs in children with ASD (n?=?634) or ADHD (n?=?448), and related factors to sex and IQ. A four-factor solution emerged, including Stereotypy, Self-Injury, Compulsions, and Ritualistic/Sameness. Factor structures were equivalent across diagnoses, though symptoms were more severe in ASD. IQ negatively correlated with Stereotypy, Self-Injury, and Compulsions in ASD, and negatively correlated with Compulsions and Ritualistic/Sameness behaviors in ADHD. In ASD only, females exhibited higher Self-Injury. Thus, patterns of RRBs are preserved across ASD and ADHD, but severity and relationship with IQ differed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04800-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Factor Structure of Repetitive Behaviors Across Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / N. J. BRIERLEY, Auteur ; C. G. MCDONNELL, Auteur ; K. M. A. PARKS, Auteur ; S. E. SCHULZ, Auteur ; T. C. DALAL, Auteur ; E. KELLEY, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; R. NICOLSON, Auteur ; S. GEORGIADES, Auteur ; J. CROSBIE, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; X. LIU, Auteur ; R. A. STEVENSON, Auteur . - p.3391-3400. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-10 (October 2021) . - p.3391-3400 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Female  Humans  Stereotyped Behavior  Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Factor analysis  Restricted and repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and commonly occur in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Little is known about how RRBs manifest in ADHD. We quantified and compared factor structures of RRBs in children with ASD (n?=?634) or ADHD (n?=?448), and related factors to sex and IQ. A four-factor solution emerged, including Stereotypy, Self-Injury, Compulsions, and Ritualistic/Sameness. Factor structures were equivalent across diagnoses, though symptoms were more severe in ASD. IQ negatively correlated with Stereotypy, Self-Injury, and Compulsions in ASD, and negatively correlated with Compulsions and Ritualistic/Sameness behaviors in ADHD. In ASD only, females exhibited higher Self-Injury. Thus, patterns of RRBs are preserved across ASD and ADHD, but severity and relationship with IQ differed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04800-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

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