Cognitive and Social Cognitive Self-assessment in Autistic Adults / Kilee M. DEBRABANDER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-7 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-7 (July 2021) . - p.2354-2368 Titre : Cognitive and Social Cognitive Self-assessment in Autistic Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; A. E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; D. R. JONES, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2354-2368 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Activities of Daily Living/psychology  Adult  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Metacognition  Self-Assessment  Social Cognition  Autism spectrum disorder  Introspective accuracy  Neurocognition  Self-assessment  Social cognition  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An aspect of metacognition associated with broader functional abilities in several clinical conditions, but previously unexamined in autism, is self-assessment (i.e., the ability to accurately self-evaluate one's own performance). We compared self-assessment between 37 autistic adults without intellectual disability to 39 non-autistic (NA) controls on a series of three general cognitive and three social cognitive tasks. Whereas autistic adults and NA adults did not differ in their self-assessment accuracy on general cognitive tasks, they did on social cognitive tasks, with autistic adults demonstrating lower accuracy. The direction of their inaccuracy was variable (i.e., both over and underestimation), and self-assessment was largely unrelated to their level of social functioning. Over versus underestimation may have different functional implications, and warrants future investigation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04722-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Cognitive and Social Cognitive Self-assessment in Autistic Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; A. E. PINKHAM, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; D. R. JONES, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.2354-2368. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-7 (July 2021) . - p.2354-2368 Mots-clés : Activities of Daily Living/psychology  Adult  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Metacognition  Self-Assessment  Social Cognition  Autism spectrum disorder  Introspective accuracy  Neurocognition  Self-assessment  Social cognition  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An aspect of metacognition associated with broader functional abilities in several clinical conditions, but previously unexamined in autism, is self-assessment (i.e., the ability to accurately self-evaluate one's own performance). We compared self-assessment between 37 autistic adults without intellectual disability to 39 non-autistic (NA) controls on a series of three general cognitive and three social cognitive tasks. Whereas autistic adults and NA adults did not differ in their self-assessment accuracy on general cognitive tasks, they did on social cognitive tasks, with autistic adults demonstrating lower accuracy. The direction of their inaccuracy was variable (i.e., both over and underestimation), and self-assessment was largely unrelated to their level of social functioning. Over versus underestimation may have different functional implications, and warrants future investigation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04722-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Non-autistic observers both detect and demonstrate the double empathy problem when evaluating interactions between autistic and non-autistic adults / Monique BOTHA ; Robert A. ACKERMAN ; Kathryn KING ; Noah J. SASSON in Autism, 28-8 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-8 (August 2024) . - p.2053-2065 Titre : Non-autistic observers both detect and demonstrate the double empathy problem when evaluating interactions between autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Monique BOTHA, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Kathryn KING, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2053-2065 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : double empathy  social cognition and social behavior  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Consistent with a "double empathy" framework, autistic adults often experience better interaction with autistic compared with non-autistic partners. Here, we examined whether non-autistic observers detect differences in autistic interactions relative to non-autistic and mixed ones. Non-autistic adults (N = 102) rated the interaction quality and traits of 42 autistic and 44 non-autistic male participants interacting in same or mixed-neurotype dyads. Non-autistic interactions and participants were evaluated most positively, with participants rated more favorably when interacting with non-autistic partners and rated as less intelligent and awkward when interacting with autistic partners. Observers perceived mixed interactions as the least successful overall. Whereas non-autistic interactions were rated as smoother and more enjoyable than mixed interactions, they were not rated differently from autistic interactions on any measure of interaction quality. Observers also perceived that non-autistic participants but not autistic participants disclosed more to non-autistic partners. However, they evaluated autistic participants more negatively than their partners in the interaction evaluated them; they disproportionately underestimated trust and intelligence ratings made by autistic participants; and they and reported lower social interest in participants than did the autistic and non-autistic people in the interactions. Collectively, these findings indicate that non-autistic adults both detect and demonstrate the double empathy problem when observing social interactions involving autistic people. Lay Abstract The "double empathy problem" refers to breakdowns in communication and understanding that frequently occur between autistic and non-autistic people. Previous studies have shown that autistic people often establish better rapport and connection when interacting with other autistic people compared to when interacting with non-autistic people, but it is unclear whether this is noticeable to non-autistic observers. In this study, 102 non-autistic undergraduate students viewed and rated video recordings of "get to know you" conversations between pairs of autistic and non-autistic adults. Sometimes the pairs were two autistic people, sometimes they were two non-autistic people, and sometimes they were "mixed" interactions of one autistic and one non-autistic person. Observers tended to rate non-autistic participants and their interactions the most favorably, but-consistent with the "double empathy problem"-they rated mixed interactions between autistic and non-autistic people as the least successful. They also perceived that only non-autistic people disclosed more when interacting with a non-autistic conversation partner. Autistic participants'partners in the conversations tended to evaluate them more favorably than did outside observers, suggesting that personal contact may facilitate more positive evaluations of autistic people. Furthermore, observers expressed less social interest in participants than did the autistic and non-autistic participants in the interactions. Together, these findings suggest that non-autistic observers both detect and demonstrate some aspects of the double empathy problem. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231219743 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533 [article] Non-autistic observers both detect and demonstrate the double empathy problem when evaluating interactions between autistic and non-autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Monique BOTHA, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Kathryn KING, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.2053-2065. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-8 (August 2024) . - p.2053-2065 Mots-clés : double empathy  social cognition and social behavior  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Consistent with a "double empathy" framework, autistic adults often experience better interaction with autistic compared with non-autistic partners. Here, we examined whether non-autistic observers detect differences in autistic interactions relative to non-autistic and mixed ones. Non-autistic adults (N = 102) rated the interaction quality and traits of 42 autistic and 44 non-autistic male participants interacting in same or mixed-neurotype dyads. Non-autistic interactions and participants were evaluated most positively, with participants rated more favorably when interacting with non-autistic partners and rated as less intelligent and awkward when interacting with autistic partners. Observers perceived mixed interactions as the least successful overall. Whereas non-autistic interactions were rated as smoother and more enjoyable than mixed interactions, they were not rated differently from autistic interactions on any measure of interaction quality. Observers also perceived that non-autistic participants but not autistic participants disclosed more to non-autistic partners. However, they evaluated autistic participants more negatively than their partners in the interaction evaluated them; they disproportionately underestimated trust and intelligence ratings made by autistic participants; and they and reported lower social interest in participants than did the autistic and non-autistic people in the interactions. Collectively, these findings indicate that non-autistic adults both detect and demonstrate the double empathy problem when observing social interactions involving autistic people. Lay Abstract The "double empathy problem" refers to breakdowns in communication and understanding that frequently occur between autistic and non-autistic people. Previous studies have shown that autistic people often establish better rapport and connection when interacting with other autistic people compared to when interacting with non-autistic people, but it is unclear whether this is noticeable to non-autistic observers. In this study, 102 non-autistic undergraduate students viewed and rated video recordings of "get to know you" conversations between pairs of autistic and non-autistic adults. Sometimes the pairs were two autistic people, sometimes they were two non-autistic people, and sometimes they were "mixed" interactions of one autistic and one non-autistic person. Observers tended to rate non-autistic participants and their interactions the most favorably, but-consistent with the "double empathy problem"-they rated mixed interactions between autistic and non-autistic people as the least successful. They also perceived that only non-autistic people disclosed more when interacting with a non-autistic conversation partner. Autistic participants'partners in the conversations tended to evaluate them more favorably than did outside observers, suggesting that personal contact may facilitate more positive evaluations of autistic people. Furthermore, observers expressed less social interest in participants than did the autistic and non-autistic participants in the interactions. Together, these findings suggest that non-autistic observers both detect and demonstrate some aspects of the double empathy problem. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231219743 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533

Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners / Kerrianne E. MORRISON in Autism, 24-5 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1067-1080 Titre : Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Daniel J FASO, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1067-1080 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  double empathy  first impressions  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in social communication and interaction styles between autistic and typically developing have been studied in isolation and not in the context of real-world social interaction. The current study addresses this "blind spot" by examining whether real-world social interaction quality for autistic adults differs when interacting with typically developing relative to autistic partners. Participants (67 autism spectrum disorder, 58 typically developing) were assigned to one of three dyadic partnerships (autism-autism: n?=?22; typically developing-typically developing: n?=?23; autism-typically developing: n?=?25; 55 complete dyads, 15 partial dyads) in which they completed a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar person and then assessed the quality of the interaction and their impressions of their partner. Although autistic adults were rated as more awkward, less attractive, and less socially warm than typically developing adults by both typically developing and autistic partners, only typically developing adults expressed greater interest in future interactions with typically developing relative to autistic partners. In contrast, autistic participants trended toward an interaction preference for other autistic adults and reported disclosing more about themselves to autistic compared to typically developing partners. These results suggest that social affiliation may increase for autistic adults when partnered with other autistic people, and support reframing social interaction difficulties in autism as a relational rather than an individual impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319892701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426 [article] Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kerrianne E. MORRISON, Auteur ; Kilee M. DEBRABANDER, Auteur ; Desiree R. JONES, Auteur ; Daniel J FASO, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.1067-1080. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1067-1080 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  double empathy  first impressions  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in social communication and interaction styles between autistic and typically developing have been studied in isolation and not in the context of real-world social interaction. The current study addresses this "blind spot" by examining whether real-world social interaction quality for autistic adults differs when interacting with typically developing relative to autistic partners. Participants (67 autism spectrum disorder, 58 typically developing) were assigned to one of three dyadic partnerships (autism-autism: n?=?22; typically developing-typically developing: n?=?23; autism-typically developing: n?=?25; 55 complete dyads, 15 partial dyads) in which they completed a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar person and then assessed the quality of the interaction and their impressions of their partner. Although autistic adults were rated as more awkward, less attractive, and less socially warm than typically developing adults by both typically developing and autistic partners, only typically developing adults expressed greater interest in future interactions with typically developing relative to autistic partners. In contrast, autistic participants trended toward an interaction preference for other autistic adults and reported disclosing more about themselves to autistic compared to typically developing partners. These results suggest that social affiliation may increase for autistic adults when partnered with other autistic people, and support reframing social interaction difficulties in autism as a relational rather than an individual impairment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319892701 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426

The broad autism phenotype predicts relationship outcomes in newly formed college roommates / Daniel J FASO in Autism, 20-4 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-4 (May 2016) . - p.412-424 Titre : The broad autism phenotype predicts relationship outcomes in newly formed college roommates Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel J FASO, Auteur ; Conrad A CORRETTI, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.412-424 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  roommates  similarity  social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although previous studies have reported that the broad autism phenotype is associated with reduced relationship quality within established relationships, understanding how this association emerges requires assessment prior to relationship development. In the present longitudinal study, college roommates with minimal familiarity prior to cohabitation (N?=?162) completed the broad autism phenotype questionnaire and intermittently reported on their relationship quality and interpersonal behaviors toward their roommate over their first 10?weeks of living together. Actor–Partner Interdependence Models demonstrated that roommates mismatched on aloofness (one high and one low) had lower relationship satisfaction than those matched on it, with the interpersonal behavior of warmth mediating this association. Because relationship satisfaction remained high when both roommates were aloof, satisfaction does not appear predicated upon the presence of aloofness generally but rather reflects a product of dissimilarity in aloof profiles between roommates. In contrast, although participants reported less relationship satisfaction and commitment with roommates higher on pragmatic language abnormalities, mismatches on this broad autism phenotype trait, and on rigid personality, were less consequential. In sum, these findings suggest that complementary profiles of social motivation may facilitate relationship quality during the early course of relationship development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315585733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287 [article] The broad autism phenotype predicts relationship outcomes in newly formed college roommates [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel J FASO, Auteur ; Conrad A CORRETTI, Auteur ; Robert A. ACKERMAN, Auteur ; Noah J. SASSON, Auteur . - p.412-424. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-4 (May 2016) . - p.412-424 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  roommates  similarity  social motivation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although previous studies have reported that the broad autism phenotype is associated with reduced relationship quality within established relationships, understanding how this association emerges requires assessment prior to relationship development. In the present longitudinal study, college roommates with minimal familiarity prior to cohabitation (N?=?162) completed the broad autism phenotype questionnaire and intermittently reported on their relationship quality and interpersonal behaviors toward their roommate over their first 10?weeks of living together. Actor–Partner Interdependence Models demonstrated that roommates mismatched on aloofness (one high and one low) had lower relationship satisfaction than those matched on it, with the interpersonal behavior of warmth mediating this association. Because relationship satisfaction remained high when both roommates were aloof, satisfaction does not appear predicated upon the presence of aloofness generally but rather reflects a product of dissimilarity in aloof profiles between roommates. In contrast, although participants reported less relationship satisfaction and commitment with roommates higher on pragmatic language abnormalities, mismatches on this broad autism phenotype trait, and on rigid personality, were less consequential. In sum, these findings suggest that complementary profiles of social motivation may facilitate relationship quality during the early course of relationship development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315585733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287

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