Dépouillements

Sex Differences in Psychopathology and Neurocognition in Community Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Ran BARZILAY in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70270 Titre : Sex Differences in Psychopathology and Neurocognition in Community Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ran BARZILAY, Auteur ; Julia KATZ, Auteur ; Rahul SOOD, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Monica E. CALKINS, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70270 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  neurocognition  psychopathology  sex differences  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis is more common in males than females. To understand sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognitive performance, research systematically comparing males and females with autism spectrum disorder to non-autistic peers is critically needed. We examined sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognitive performance profiles in ASD and typically developing youths from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopment Cohort (PNC), a U.S. community sample ascertained through pediatric (non-mental-health) network. We studied 218 youths with ASD diagnosis (IQ>?70, 171 males, 47 females, mean age 12.3?years), age and sex matched to 872 Non-ASD controls. We compared psychopathology in multiple domains including mood-anxiety, fear (phobias), externalizing and psychosis spectrum symptoms as well as neurocognitive function comparing Social and Non-Social cognitive domains. Repeated-measures mixed models were applied with ASD, sex, and their interaction as fixed factors, and psychopathology and neurocognitive domains as within-group factors. All models controlled for age, socioeconomic status, IQ, and ADHD. Findings indicated sex differences in the associations between ASD and co-occurring psychopathology. Among adolescents with ASD, males exhibited more pronounced fear and mood symptoms than females. Analyses also revealed ASD-related sex differences across neurocognitive domains: performance in Social Cognition was lower in adolescents with ASD compared to non-ASD peers for both sexes, while males with ASD showed greater difficulties in Non-Social Cognition relative to females with ASD. In conclusion, ASD diagnosis is associated with sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognition in early adolescence in a large community sample. Results add to the understanding of sex-specific manifestations of ASD in youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70270 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Sex Differences in Psychopathology and Neurocognition in Community Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Ran BARZILAY, Auteur ; Julia KATZ, Auteur ; Rahul SOOD, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Monica E. CALKINS, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur . - p.e70270. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70270 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  neurocognition  psychopathology  sex differences  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis is more common in males than females. To understand sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognitive performance, research systematically comparing males and females with autism spectrum disorder to non-autistic peers is critically needed. We examined sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognitive performance profiles in ASD and typically developing youths from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopment Cohort (PNC), a U.S. community sample ascertained through pediatric (non-mental-health) network. We studied 218 youths with ASD diagnosis (IQ>?70, 171 males, 47 females, mean age 12.3?years), age and sex matched to 872 Non-ASD controls. We compared psychopathology in multiple domains including mood-anxiety, fear (phobias), externalizing and psychosis spectrum symptoms as well as neurocognitive function comparing Social and Non-Social cognitive domains. Repeated-measures mixed models were applied with ASD, sex, and their interaction as fixed factors, and psychopathology and neurocognitive domains as within-group factors. All models controlled for age, socioeconomic status, IQ, and ADHD. Findings indicated sex differences in the associations between ASD and co-occurring psychopathology. Among adolescents with ASD, males exhibited more pronounced fear and mood symptoms than females. Analyses also revealed ASD-related sex differences across neurocognitive domains: performance in Social Cognition was lower in adolescents with ASD compared to non-ASD peers for both sexes, while males with ASD showed greater difficulties in Non-Social Cognition relative to females with ASD. In conclusion, ASD diagnosis is associated with sex differences in psychopathology and neurocognition in early adolescence in a large community sample. Results add to the understanding of sex-specific manifestations of ASD in youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70270 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Substance Use Disorder Outcomes and Treatment by Autism Status in Medicaid Enrollees With Substance Use Disorder / Victor LUSHIN in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70291 Titre : Substance Use Disorder Outcomes and Treatment by Autism Status in Medicaid Enrollees With Substance Use Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Victor LUSHIN, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur ; Jonas VENTIMIGLIA, Auteur ; Ming XIE, Auteur ; Steven MARCUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70291 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  hospitalization  overdose  polysubstance use  substance use disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) among autistic people is substantial and growing. This unaddressed public health challenge is particularly important given the lack of knowledge about SUD service needs among people on the spectrum. This paper presents the first national-level study of SUD-related clinical outcomes and service use among US-based autistic Medicaid enrollees with SUD (N?=?50,487) compared to matched neurotypical enrollees with SUD (N?=?151,461). The analyses reveal that overdose, hospitalizations, and some polysubstance use risks are elevated among autistic people with SUD compared to neurotypical SUD patients. Analyses also suggest that autistic people with SUD use fewer SUD services compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Results highlight the need for integrative, evidence-based autism-tailored SUD service solutions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Substance Use Disorder Outcomes and Treatment by Autism Status in Medicaid Enrollees With Substance Use Disorder [texte imprimé] / Victor LUSHIN, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur ; Jonas VENTIMIGLIA, Auteur ; Ming XIE, Auteur ; Steven MARCUS, Auteur . - p.e70291. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70291 Mots-clés : autism  hospitalization  overdose  polysubstance use  substance use disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) among autistic people is substantial and growing. This unaddressed public health challenge is particularly important given the lack of knowledge about SUD service needs among people on the spectrum. This paper presents the first national-level study of SUD-related clinical outcomes and service use among US-based autistic Medicaid enrollees with SUD (N?=?50,487) compared to matched neurotypical enrollees with SUD (N?=?151,461). The analyses reveal that overdose, hospitalizations, and some polysubstance use risks are elevated among autistic people with SUD compared to neurotypical SUD patients. Analyses also suggest that autistic people with SUD use fewer SUD services compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Results highlight the need for integrative, evidence-based autism-tailored SUD service solutions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Personalized Lifespan Approach to Autism Assessment: A Clinical and System Framework for Developmentally Informed Assessment Across the Life-Course / Melanie PENNER in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70294 Titre : Personalized Lifespan Approach to Autism Assessment: A Clinical and System Framework for Developmentally Informed Assessment Across the Life-Course Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Melanie PENNER, Auteur ; Rebecca MCNALLY KEEHN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70294 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  autism  diagnosis  health services  lifespan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The increasing prevalence of autism has led to considerable system challenges as specialist-driven approaches have struggled to keep pace. Recent research has challenged status quo models by demonstrating that community-based pediatric clinicians can accurately diagnose autism in young children. This research provides an opportunity to further expand capacity of community systems to conduct developmentally relevant, context-specific assessments of autistic people over their lifespan. In this Commentary, we propose a personalized lifespan approach to autism assessment as a precision care and system organization framework that considers the ongoing and evolving needs of autistic people and aligns the necessary expertise and resources to provide focused assessment when it is most informative. This framework consists of three key principles: (1) assessment is not a one-time, one-size-fits-all event; instead, assessment continues across the lifespan; (2) assessments should generate information that is relevant to the individual's current needs and life stage; and (3) wherever possible, community-based expertise should be engaged to promote the right assessment at the right time in the right place. Adopting this framework can reduce system access challenges, while also addressing the ongoing assessment needs of an autistic person across their life course. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Personalized Lifespan Approach to Autism Assessment: A Clinical and System Framework for Developmentally Informed Assessment Across the Life-Course [texte imprimé] / Melanie PENNER, Auteur ; Rebecca MCNALLY KEEHN, Auteur . - p.e70294. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70294 Mots-clés : assessment  autism  diagnosis  health services  lifespan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The increasing prevalence of autism has led to considerable system challenges as specialist-driven approaches have struggled to keep pace. Recent research has challenged status quo models by demonstrating that community-based pediatric clinicians can accurately diagnose autism in young children. This research provides an opportunity to further expand capacity of community systems to conduct developmentally relevant, context-specific assessments of autistic people over their lifespan. In this Commentary, we propose a personalized lifespan approach to autism assessment as a precision care and system organization framework that considers the ongoing and evolving needs of autistic people and aligns the necessary expertise and resources to provide focused assessment when it is most informative. This framework consists of three key principles: (1) assessment is not a one-time, one-size-fits-all event; instead, assessment continues across the lifespan; (2) assessments should generate information that is relevant to the individual's current needs and life stage; and (3) wherever possible, community-based expertise should be engaged to promote the right assessment at the right time in the right place. Adopting this framework can reduce system access challenges, while also addressing the ongoing assessment needs of an autistic person across their life course. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Valence-Arousal Asymmetry: Rethinking Facial Emotion Recognition in Preschool Autism Through Eye-Tracking / FanShuai BU in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70295 Titre : Valence-Arousal Asymmetry: Rethinking Facial Emotion Recognition in Preschool Autism Through Eye-Tracking Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : FanShuai BU, Auteur ; RuoXi TENG, Auteur ; Mingyu ZHANG, Auteur ; Hang ZHOU, Auteur ; Jing LYU, Auteur ; Lu JIAO, Auteur ; Chen CAI, Auteur ; Qian JIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70295 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : arousal  autism spectrum disorders  eye-tracking  facial emotion recognition  preschool autism  valence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Facial emotion recognition is a fundamental socioemotional skill often impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet findings remain inconsistent, partly due to reliance on discrete emotion categories that neglect affective dimensions. Guided by a valence?arousal framework, this study re-examined facial emotion recognition in preschool children with ASD using eye-tracking and pupilometry. Eighty-two Chinese preschoolers (40 ASD, 42 typically developing [TD]) completed an emotion recognition task with facial stimuli systematically varied in valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (high vs. low). Eye movements and pupil size were analyzed within a 2 (group)???2 (valence)???2 (arousal)???4 (AOI: eyes, nose, mouth, other) design. Results showed robust effects of valence: TD children allocated more fixations and longer gaze to positive faces, especially the eye region, whereas ASD children showed attenuated patterns. Arousal effects were weaker but interacted with valence, with high-arousal negative faces eliciting avoidance and high-arousal positive faces enhancing pupil responses. These findings highlight valence?arousal asymmetry as a key mechanism underlying atypical emotion processing in preschool ASD and underscore the value of dimensional approaches for early socioemotional assessment and intervention. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Valence-Arousal Asymmetry: Rethinking Facial Emotion Recognition in Preschool Autism Through Eye-Tracking [texte imprimé] / FanShuai BU, Auteur ; RuoXi TENG, Auteur ; Mingyu ZHANG, Auteur ; Hang ZHOU, Auteur ; Jing LYU, Auteur ; Lu JIAO, Auteur ; Chen CAI, Auteur ; Qian JIN, Auteur . - p.e70295. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70295 Mots-clés : arousal  autism spectrum disorders  eye-tracking  facial emotion recognition  preschool autism  valence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Facial emotion recognition is a fundamental socioemotional skill often impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet findings remain inconsistent, partly due to reliance on discrete emotion categories that neglect affective dimensions. Guided by a valence?arousal framework, this study re-examined facial emotion recognition in preschool children with ASD using eye-tracking and pupilometry. Eighty-two Chinese preschoolers (40 ASD, 42 typically developing [TD]) completed an emotion recognition task with facial stimuli systematically varied in valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (high vs. low). Eye movements and pupil size were analyzed within a 2 (group)???2 (valence)???2 (arousal)???4 (AOI: eyes, nose, mouth, other) design. Results showed robust effects of valence: TD children allocated more fixations and longer gaze to positive faces, especially the eye region, whereas ASD children showed attenuated patterns. Arousal effects were weaker but interacted with valence, with high-arousal negative faces eliciting avoidance and high-arousal positive faces enhancing pupil responses. These findings highlight valence?arousal asymmetry as a key mechanism underlying atypical emotion processing in preschool ASD and underscore the value of dimensional approaches for early socioemotional assessment and intervention. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

The Unique Roles of Executive Function in Co-Occurring Psychopathologies in Autism / Shing-Him NG in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70296 Titre : The Unique Roles of Executive Function in Co-Occurring Psychopathologies in Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shing-Him NG, Auteur ; Jet LEUNG, Auteur ; Keith Chun Lok LEE, Auteur ; Angela Man Wai LAM, Auteur ; Isaac Ho Wai WONG, Auteur ; Sze-Mai NG, Auteur ; Maciej GABRYSIAK, Auteur ; Petrina Yau Pok LAU, Auteur ; Sandra Sau Man CHAN, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Kosha RUPAREL, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Oscar Wing Ho WONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70296 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  anxiety  autism  cognition  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience co-occurring psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which significantly impair daily functioning. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions to core ASD features remain poorly understood. This study examined relationships between anxiety, ADHD symptoms, and multi-domain neurocognitive abilities in a clinic-based sample of 701 Chinese children with ASD (mean age 8?years, 13.4% female), using the Hong Kong version of the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery. Initial correlations revealed negative associations between cognitive performance and ADHD symptoms, but no direct links with anxiety. Ordinal regression demonstrated that poorer executive function (EF) independently predicted greater ADHD severity along a continuum from no ADHD to subclinical features to co-occurring ADHD, in a dose-dependent manner, even after controlling for core autism symptoms, other cognitive domains, and full-scale IQ. Moderation analyses showed that stronger EF specifically buffered the associations between sensory hyper-responsiveness/sensory-seeking and anxiety symptoms?an effect not seen with other cognitive domains or full-scale IQ. These findings indicate that EF plays a unique, compensatory role in modulating the two most common co-occurring psychopathologies in ASD. Systematic assessment of EF could support early risk stratification, while EF-targeted interventions may help mitigate the burden of ADHD and anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] The Unique Roles of Executive Function in Co-Occurring Psychopathologies in Autism [texte imprimé] / Shing-Him NG, Auteur ; Jet LEUNG, Auteur ; Keith Chun Lok LEE, Auteur ; Angela Man Wai LAM, Auteur ; Isaac Ho Wai WONG, Auteur ; Sze-Mai NG, Auteur ; Maciej GABRYSIAK, Auteur ; Petrina Yau Pok LAU, Auteur ; Sandra Sau Man CHAN, Auteur ; Tyler M. MOORE, Auteur ; Kosha RUPAREL, Auteur ; Raquel E. GUR, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Oscar Wing Ho WONG, Auteur . - p.e70296. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70296 Mots-clés : ADHD  anxiety  autism  cognition  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience co-occurring psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which significantly impair daily functioning. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions to core ASD features remain poorly understood. This study examined relationships between anxiety, ADHD symptoms, and multi-domain neurocognitive abilities in a clinic-based sample of 701 Chinese children with ASD (mean age 8?years, 13.4% female), using the Hong Kong version of the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery. Initial correlations revealed negative associations between cognitive performance and ADHD symptoms, but no direct links with anxiety. Ordinal regression demonstrated that poorer executive function (EF) independently predicted greater ADHD severity along a continuum from no ADHD to subclinical features to co-occurring ADHD, in a dose-dependent manner, even after controlling for core autism symptoms, other cognitive domains, and full-scale IQ. Moderation analyses showed that stronger EF specifically buffered the associations between sensory hyper-responsiveness/sensory-seeking and anxiety symptoms?an effect not seen with other cognitive domains or full-scale IQ. These findings indicate that EF plays a unique, compensatory role in modulating the two most common co-occurring psychopathologies in ASD. Systematic assessment of EF could support early risk stratification, while EF-targeted interventions may help mitigate the burden of ADHD and anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Prevalence of Phelan McDermid Syndrome Estimated To Be ~1:7300 Using a Multisource Model / Tess LEVY in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70297 Titre : Prevalence of Phelan McDermid Syndrome Estimated To Be ~1:7300 Using a Multisource Model Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tess LEVY, Auteur ; David LAPIDUS, Auteur ; Kate FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Larry GLASS, Auteur ; Liza SQUIRES, Auteur ; Mary HAMES, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Consortium GENETIC TESTING, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70297 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  autism  genetic disorder  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  prevalence  rare disorder  SHANK3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Estimating the prevalence of genetic disorders is complicated by many factors including sampling bias and differing methods of estimation. However, establishing the true prevalence of these disorders is critical for understanding disease burden, pharmacoeconomic modeling, and resource allocation for testing and care. Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder with an unknown true prevalence and previous estimates vary from 2.5?10 per million births. The study team reached out to a multitude of sources, including clinical genetic testing laboratories, research centers, and clinical centers. Sites provided the number of PMS diagnoses made out of the total number participants with autism tested at their site. Further extrapolations were made to adjust for the proportion of individuals with PMS who do not have autism, autism diagnosis age limitations, and type of genetic variant. Lastly, Centers for Disease Control estimates of autism rates were used to extrapolate to the general population. Ten sources participated and data from 179,837 autism cases were evaluated. The frequency of PMS diagnoses ranged from 1% to ~2.5%. However, the studies had different levels of sensitivity depending on the assay(s) used, and therefore raw results should not be directly compared. After applying extrapolations, including adjustments for assay sensitivity and other factors, the final weighted average was 13.7 per 100,000 (95% CI 10.02?18.60 per 100,000), indicating 1 in ~7300 individuals in the general population have PMS. We leveraged a diverse set of genetic data from multiple sources to generate a population-level estimate of the prevalence of PMS. Our findings indicate that PMS affects approximately 13.7 per 100,000 individuals, substantially higher than previous estimates. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Prevalence of Phelan McDermid Syndrome Estimated To Be ~1:7300 Using a Multisource Model [texte imprimé] / Tess LEVY, Auteur ; David LAPIDUS, Auteur ; Kate FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Larry GLASS, Auteur ; Liza SQUIRES, Auteur ; Mary HAMES, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Consortium GENETIC TESTING, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur . - p.e70297. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70297 Mots-clés : ASD  autism  genetic disorder  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  prevalence  rare disorder  SHANK3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Estimating the prevalence of genetic disorders is complicated by many factors including sampling bias and differing methods of estimation. However, establishing the true prevalence of these disorders is critical for understanding disease burden, pharmacoeconomic modeling, and resource allocation for testing and care. Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder with an unknown true prevalence and previous estimates vary from 2.5?10 per million births. The study team reached out to a multitude of sources, including clinical genetic testing laboratories, research centers, and clinical centers. Sites provided the number of PMS diagnoses made out of the total number participants with autism tested at their site. Further extrapolations were made to adjust for the proportion of individuals with PMS who do not have autism, autism diagnosis age limitations, and type of genetic variant. Lastly, Centers for Disease Control estimates of autism rates were used to extrapolate to the general population. Ten sources participated and data from 179,837 autism cases were evaluated. The frequency of PMS diagnoses ranged from 1% to ~2.5%. However, the studies had different levels of sensitivity depending on the assay(s) used, and therefore raw results should not be directly compared. After applying extrapolations, including adjustments for assay sensitivity and other factors, the final weighted average was 13.7 per 100,000 (95% CI 10.02?18.60 per 100,000), indicating 1 in ~7300 individuals in the general population have PMS. We leveraged a diverse set of genetic data from multiple sources to generate a population-level estimate of the prevalence of PMS. Our findings indicate that PMS affects approximately 13.7 per 100,000 individuals, substantially higher than previous estimates. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Challenging the Developmental Substructure Model for Autism: A Perspective From Causal Statistics / Sean MCWEENY in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70298 Titre : Challenging the Developmental Substructure Model for Autism: A Perspective From Causal Statistics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sean MCWEENY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70298 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The extent to which core autism traits?social interaction, communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs)?share a cause or have independent causes (e.g., fractionable triad model) has been a central debate in the field for decades. The latest iteration of this debate has reckoned with molecular genetic evidence that has largely failed to reproduce twin study heritability estimates. Against this backdrop, an alternative to the fractionable triad model?the developmental substructure model?was proposed by Constantino et al. in 2021. This model places a unitary, latent autism variable as the cause of the core phenotype. In the present Commentary, we showed that the developmental substructure model fails empirical tests derived from causal inference. Using published data, we demonstrated that correlations among core phenotype traits are largely the same in population samples as compared to autistic and non-autistic subsamples. Using simulations, we demonstrated that if latent autism were the cause of variance in core phenotype traits, then the correlations among the factors should reduce considerably after conditioning on autism. Although the developmental substructure model is well-reasoned and well-specified, it ultimately does not stand up to empirical evaluation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Challenging the Developmental Substructure Model for Autism: A Perspective From Causal Statistics [texte imprimé] / Sean MCWEENY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - p.e70298. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70298 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The extent to which core autism traits?social interaction, communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs)?share a cause or have independent causes (e.g., fractionable triad model) has been a central debate in the field for decades. The latest iteration of this debate has reckoned with molecular genetic evidence that has largely failed to reproduce twin study heritability estimates. Against this backdrop, an alternative to the fractionable triad model?the developmental substructure model?was proposed by Constantino et al. in 2021. This model places a unitary, latent autism variable as the cause of the core phenotype. In the present Commentary, we showed that the developmental substructure model fails empirical tests derived from causal inference. Using published data, we demonstrated that correlations among core phenotype traits are largely the same in population samples as compared to autistic and non-autistic subsamples. Using simulations, we demonstrated that if latent autism were the cause of variance in core phenotype traits, then the correlations among the factors should reduce considerably after conditioning on autism. Although the developmental substructure model is well-reasoned and well-specified, it ultimately does not stand up to empirical evaluation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Irony Comprehension in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Maria ANDREOU in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70299 Titre : Irony Comprehension in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maria ANDREOU, Auteur ; Stella LAMPRI, Auteur ; Eleni PERISTERI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70299 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  executive functions  figurative language  ironic criticism  ironic praise  irony comprehension  language skills  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study examined verbal irony comprehension in monolingual and bilingual autistic children, focusing on irony recognition, intention understanding, cue use while deciphering ironic meanings, and error patterns. A low-verbal, multimodal task was used to minimize linguistic and metalinguistic demands. Measures of language ability, Theory of Mind (ToM), executive functions, and cue use were included. Results showed that bilingualism did not negatively affect irony comprehension, as bilingual autistic children performed comparably to monolingual autistic children and showed no disadvantage relative to bilingual typically developing peers. Across groups, ironic criticism was understood more accurately than ironic praise. Irony recognition was associated with executive functioning, specifically inhibition. In autistic children, intention understanding was primarily predicted by second order verbal ToM and, to a lesser extent, sentence comprehension. Cue analyses revealed that contextual information and facial expressions were the most frequently used sources of information, whereas facial cues were predominantly used by bilingual autistic children in ironic praise. Prosodic cues were rarely reported across groups. No group differences emerged in error patterns. Overall, the findings indicate that bilingualism is not detrimental to irony comprehension in autism and highlight the importance of socio-cognitive, language, and executive mechanisms in pragmatic processing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Irony Comprehension in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Maria ANDREOU, Auteur ; Stella LAMPRI, Auteur ; Eleni PERISTERI, Auteur . - p.e70299. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70299 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  executive functions  figurative language  ironic criticism  ironic praise  irony comprehension  language skills  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study examined verbal irony comprehension in monolingual and bilingual autistic children, focusing on irony recognition, intention understanding, cue use while deciphering ironic meanings, and error patterns. A low-verbal, multimodal task was used to minimize linguistic and metalinguistic demands. Measures of language ability, Theory of Mind (ToM), executive functions, and cue use were included. Results showed that bilingualism did not negatively affect irony comprehension, as bilingual autistic children performed comparably to monolingual autistic children and showed no disadvantage relative to bilingual typically developing peers. Across groups, ironic criticism was understood more accurately than ironic praise. Irony recognition was associated with executive functioning, specifically inhibition. In autistic children, intention understanding was primarily predicted by second order verbal ToM and, to a lesser extent, sentence comprehension. Cue analyses revealed that contextual information and facial expressions were the most frequently used sources of information, whereas facial cues were predominantly used by bilingual autistic children in ironic praise. Prosodic cues were rarely reported across groups. No group differences emerged in error patterns. Overall, the findings indicate that bilingualism is not detrimental to irony comprehension in autism and highlight the importance of socio-cognitive, language, and executive mechanisms in pragmatic processing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

A Large-Scale Study on the Relation Between Multilingualism and Social Traits in Adults With and Without Autism Diagnoses / Margreet VOGELZANG in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70300 Titre : A Large-Scale Study on the Relation Between Multilingualism and Social Traits in Adults With and Without Autism Diagnoses Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Margreet VOGELZANG, Auteur ; Sean Dong Wei GAN, Auteur ; Jamie SETCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70300 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  bilingualism  communication  multilingualism  social interaction  traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction and communication alongside restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Emerging evidence suggests that bi/multilingualism may enhance social interaction skills, yet prior research has largely focused on children, relied on small samples, and used oversimplified monolingual?bilingual groupings. The present study examines whether multilingual engagement predicts autism-associated social traits in adults with and without autism diagnoses. Specifically, we investigated whether childhood and/or current multilingual engagement (operationalized as entropy) predicts social interaction, communication, and overall autistic traits, measured via the Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory (CATI). Four hundred and fifty-nine adults (of which 132 diagnosed autistic) participated in the study. Analyses revealed that, both in the full sample and in the subsample of individuals with autism diagnoses, greater language entropy was associated with lower CATI scores in social interaction and overall. No relation between language entropy and communication traits was found. Within the autistic subgroup, the associations between current language entropy and both social interaction and overall CATI scores had large effect sizes (?p 2?=?0.14?0.18). These findings show that multilingual engagement is reliably associated with reduced social autistic traits in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] A Large-Scale Study on the Relation Between Multilingualism and Social Traits in Adults With and Without Autism Diagnoses [texte imprimé] / Margreet VOGELZANG, Auteur ; Sean Dong Wei GAN, Auteur ; Jamie SETCH, Auteur . - p.e70300. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70300 Mots-clés : autism  bilingualism  communication  multilingualism  social interaction  traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction and communication alongside restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Emerging evidence suggests that bi/multilingualism may enhance social interaction skills, yet prior research has largely focused on children, relied on small samples, and used oversimplified monolingual?bilingual groupings. The present study examines whether multilingual engagement predicts autism-associated social traits in adults with and without autism diagnoses. Specifically, we investigated whether childhood and/or current multilingual engagement (operationalized as entropy) predicts social interaction, communication, and overall autistic traits, measured via the Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory (CATI). Four hundred and fifty-nine adults (of which 132 diagnosed autistic) participated in the study. Analyses revealed that, both in the full sample and in the subsample of individuals with autism diagnoses, greater language entropy was associated with lower CATI scores in social interaction and overall. No relation between language entropy and communication traits was found. Within the autistic subgroup, the associations between current language entropy and both social interaction and overall CATI scores had large effect sizes (?p 2?=?0.14?0.18). These findings show that multilingual engagement is reliably associated with reduced social autistic traits in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Seeing the Child Within: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Reflective Functioning Intervention for Parents of Autistic Children / Yael ENAV in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70301 Titre : Seeing the Child Within: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Reflective Functioning Intervention for Parents of Autistic Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yael ENAV, Auteur ; Natalia KIRSMAN, Auteur ; Dana ERHARD WEISS, Auteur ; Yael MAYER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70301 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autistic children  online intervention  parental intervention  parental reflective functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Parents of autistic children often face elevated emotional demands and challenges in interpreting their child's inner experience. Parental reflective functioning (PRF), the capacity to understand behavior in terms of underlying mental states, is considered a key mechanism in fostering emotionally attuned and adaptive caregiving. Despite its importance, few interventions directly target PRF, and fewer still have tested brief, group-based formats designed for broad accessibility. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a brief, virtual PRF intervention delivered via Zoom to 249 parents of autistic children. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n?=?129) or a waitlist control group (n?=?130), and completed assessments at baseline and postintervention. PRF was measured using a standardized interview, while self-report questionnaires assessed parenting self-efficacy, beliefs about emotional malleability, depressive symptoms, and child adaptive functioning. Generalized estimating equations revealed significant time-by-group interactions favoring the intervention group across several outcomes. Relative to controls, intervention participants reported greater gains in reflective functioning, parenting self-efficacy, and emotional beliefs, alongside improvements in children's communication and conceptual adaptive functioning. Effects were most pronounced among parents of younger children. Within the intervention group, additional follow-up assessments indicated sustained benefits on workshop-specific outcomes. Findings support the feasibility and efficacy of brief, scalable PRF-based programs for caregivers of autistic children. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized trial to demonstrate that a short, online, parent-focused intervention can enhance reflective parenting and promote emotional and relational benefits in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Seeing the Child Within: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Reflective Functioning Intervention for Parents of Autistic Children [texte imprimé] / Yael ENAV, Auteur ; Natalia KIRSMAN, Auteur ; Dana ERHARD WEISS, Auteur ; Yael MAYER, Auteur . - p.e70301. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70301 Mots-clés : autism  autistic children  online intervention  parental intervention  parental reflective functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Parents of autistic children often face elevated emotional demands and challenges in interpreting their child's inner experience. Parental reflective functioning (PRF), the capacity to understand behavior in terms of underlying mental states, is considered a key mechanism in fostering emotionally attuned and adaptive caregiving. Despite its importance, few interventions directly target PRF, and fewer still have tested brief, group-based formats designed for broad accessibility. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a brief, virtual PRF intervention delivered via Zoom to 249 parents of autistic children. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n?=?129) or a waitlist control group (n?=?130), and completed assessments at baseline and postintervention. PRF was measured using a standardized interview, while self-report questionnaires assessed parenting self-efficacy, beliefs about emotional malleability, depressive symptoms, and child adaptive functioning. Generalized estimating equations revealed significant time-by-group interactions favoring the intervention group across several outcomes. Relative to controls, intervention participants reported greater gains in reflective functioning, parenting self-efficacy, and emotional beliefs, alongside improvements in children's communication and conceptual adaptive functioning. Effects were most pronounced among parents of younger children. Within the intervention group, additional follow-up assessments indicated sustained benefits on workshop-specific outcomes. Findings support the feasibility and efficacy of brief, scalable PRF-based programs for caregivers of autistic children. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized trial to demonstrate that a short, online, parent-focused intervention can enhance reflective parenting and promote emotional and relational benefits in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Short Report: An Examination of Children's Autism Traits and Their Association With Family Experience / Ella C. BROUWER in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70303 Titre : Short Report: An Examination of Children's Autism Traits and Their Association With Family Experience Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ella C. BROUWER, Auteur ; Melissa SUSKO, Auteur ; Charee BOTHA, Auteur ; Amedeo D'ANGIULLI, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Ana HANLON-DEARMAN, Auteur ; Vivian LEE, Auteur ; Elyse ROSA, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Teresa BENNETT, Auteur ; Yun-Ju CHEN, Auteur ; Briano DE REZZE, Auteur ; Irene DRMIC, Auteur ; Julia FREI, Auteur ; Katholiki GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Anna KATA, Auteur ; Olaf Kraus DE CAMARGO, Auteur ; Sherry FOURNIER, Auteur ; Stephen GENTLES, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Jonathan LAI, Auteur ; Patrick MCPHEE, Auteur ; Ronit MESTERMAN, Auteur ; Caroline RONCADIN, Auteur ; Peter ROSENBAUM, Auteur ; Deepa SINGAL, Auteur ; Elisabeth TRINARI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70303 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  family experience  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The present study examined how the frequency and impact of autism traits were associated with parent-reported family experience, with differential consideration of parental experience and overall family life. Prior research has found an association between autism traits and family functioning; however, less is known about how the impact and frequency of these traits influence family experience. We analyzed data from families of 206 young autistic children (144 boys and 62 girls), aged 2?7, using the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) and the Autism Family Experience Questionnaire (AFEQ). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the impact of autistic traits was significantly associated with parent experience scores and that the frequency of autistic traits was significantly associated with family life scores in the first-year post-diagnosis. Neither child age nor gender was significantly associated with parent experience or family life. This study highlights the importance of tailoring post-diagnosis family supports to the child's specific features and calls attention to areas for future investigation on this topic, including the exploration of longitudinal trends or demographic factors that may affect parent experience and family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Short Report: An Examination of Children's Autism Traits and Their Association With Family Experience [texte imprimé] / Ella C. BROUWER, Auteur ; Melissa SUSKO, Auteur ; Charee BOTHA, Auteur ; Amedeo D'ANGIULLI, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Ana HANLON-DEARMAN, Auteur ; Vivian LEE, Auteur ; Elyse ROSA, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Teresa BENNETT, Auteur ; Yun-Ju CHEN, Auteur ; Briano DE REZZE, Auteur ; Irene DRMIC, Auteur ; Julia FREI, Auteur ; Katholiki GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Anna KATA, Auteur ; Olaf Kraus DE CAMARGO, Auteur ; Sherry FOURNIER, Auteur ; Stephen GENTLES, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Jonathan LAI, Auteur ; Patrick MCPHEE, Auteur ; Ronit MESTERMAN, Auteur ; Caroline RONCADIN, Auteur ; Peter ROSENBAUM, Auteur ; Deepa SINGAL, Auteur ; Elisabeth TRINARI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur . - p.e70303. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70303 Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  family experience  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The present study examined how the frequency and impact of autism traits were associated with parent-reported family experience, with differential consideration of parental experience and overall family life. Prior research has found an association between autism traits and family functioning; however, less is known about how the impact and frequency of these traits influence family experience. We analyzed data from families of 206 young autistic children (144 boys and 62 girls), aged 2?7, using the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) and the Autism Family Experience Questionnaire (AFEQ). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the impact of autistic traits was significantly associated with parent experience scores and that the frequency of autistic traits was significantly associated with family life scores in the first-year post-diagnosis. Neither child age nor gender was significantly associated with parent experience or family life. This study highlights the importance of tailoring post-diagnosis family supports to the child's specific features and calls attention to areas for future investigation on this topic, including the exploration of longitudinal trends or demographic factors that may affect parent experience and family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Functional Brain Asymmetry Reveals Heterogeneous Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Chae Yeon KIM in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70304 Titre : Functional Brain Asymmetry Reveals Heterogeneous Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chae Yeon KIM, Auteur ; Sunghun KIM, Auteur ; Bo-Yong PARK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70304 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  clustering  functional connectivity  heterogeneity  inter-hemispheric asymmetry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Heterogeneity is a critical factor in understanding inter-individual brain and behavioral variability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Since individuals with ASD exhibit atypical communication and social interaction skills closely linked to brain lateralization, this study investigated ASD heterogeneity using an asymmetry index that captures interhemispheric differences in brain function. Degree centrality was computed from the functional connectivity matrix, and its asymmetry was quantified for each brain region. Using an unsupervised clustering algorithm, we identified three distinct subtypes within the ASD population that showed significant differences in brain asymmetry in the somatomotor, frontoparietal, and default mode networks. Comparisons of symptom severity indicated that subtype 2, which displayed atypical asymmetry patterns along the sensory?default mode axis, exhibited higher clinical severity. Functional connectivity analyses further revealed that subtype 1, characterized by rightward asymmetry, demonstrated hypoconnectivity across sensory and heteromodal association regions, whereas subtype 3, characterized by leftward asymmetry, exhibited hyperconnectivity. Cognitive decoding suggested distinct neurocognitive profiles for each subtype: subtype 1 was associated with increased engagement of self-referential and motivational processes (social-motivational subtype), subtype 2 with impaired regulatory and executive functions (cognitive control/impulsive subtype), and subtype 3 with enhanced involvement of mnemonic and language-related systems (memory-language subtype). Together, these findings advance our understanding of functional brain heterogeneity in ASD and demonstrate that subtype identification based on hemispheric asymmetry offers a promising framework for elucidating topological and behavioral variability within the ASD population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Functional Brain Asymmetry Reveals Heterogeneous Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Chae Yeon KIM, Auteur ; Sunghun KIM, Auteur ; Bo-Yong PARK, Auteur . - p.e70304. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70304 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  clustering  functional connectivity  heterogeneity  inter-hemispheric asymmetry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Heterogeneity is a critical factor in understanding inter-individual brain and behavioral variability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Since individuals with ASD exhibit atypical communication and social interaction skills closely linked to brain lateralization, this study investigated ASD heterogeneity using an asymmetry index that captures interhemispheric differences in brain function. Degree centrality was computed from the functional connectivity matrix, and its asymmetry was quantified for each brain region. Using an unsupervised clustering algorithm, we identified three distinct subtypes within the ASD population that showed significant differences in brain asymmetry in the somatomotor, frontoparietal, and default mode networks. Comparisons of symptom severity indicated that subtype 2, which displayed atypical asymmetry patterns along the sensory?default mode axis, exhibited higher clinical severity. Functional connectivity analyses further revealed that subtype 1, characterized by rightward asymmetry, demonstrated hypoconnectivity across sensory and heteromodal association regions, whereas subtype 3, characterized by leftward asymmetry, exhibited hyperconnectivity. Cognitive decoding suggested distinct neurocognitive profiles for each subtype: subtype 1 was associated with increased engagement of self-referential and motivational processes (social-motivational subtype), subtype 2 with impaired regulatory and executive functions (cognitive control/impulsive subtype), and subtype 3 with enhanced involvement of mnemonic and language-related systems (memory-language subtype). Together, these findings advance our understanding of functional brain heterogeneity in ASD and demonstrate that subtype identification based on hemispheric asymmetry offers a promising framework for elucidating topological and behavioral variability within the ASD population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Executive Functioning as a Pathway Between Social Skills and Psychopathology: The Moderating Role of Autism Diagnosis / Samina I. ANSARI in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70305 Titre : Executive Functioning as a Pathway Between Social Skills and Psychopathology: The Moderating Role of Autism Diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samina I. ANSARI, Auteur ; Lucas A. MARTIN, Auteur ; Kristi C. GUEST, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70305 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  behavior regulation  executive functioning  externalizing problems  internalizing problems  metacognitive index  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Internalizing and externalizing problems are highly prevalent among children and adolescents, with higher rates observed particularly among those with neurodevelopmental disorders. Previous studies have identified deficits in social competence and executive functioning (EF) as predictive factors of internalizing and externalizing problems, and some studies have indicated that EF mediates this association in autistic individuals. However, the role of EF and social competence across autistic and typically developing (TD) individuals remains underexplored in relation to internalizing and externalizing behaviors. We address this gap by using two moderated mediation analyses assessing the mediating effects of EF in the association between social skills and internalizing and externalizing problems. Poor metacognitive functioning was found to mediate the relationship between social skill deficits and internalizing problems only among autistic children and adolescents, whereas behavior dysregulation mediated the relationship between poor social skills and externalizing problems among both autistic and TD children and adolescents. These mediating effects of EF, however, were not moderated across the two diagnostic groups. These findings highlight the role of different domains of EF, that is, metacognitive functioning and behavior dysregulation in internalizing and externalizing problems, which can help identify early EF-related vulnerabilities and inform EF-based interventions for psychological problems among autistic and TD children and adolescents. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Executive Functioning as a Pathway Between Social Skills and Psychopathology: The Moderating Role of Autism Diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Samina I. ANSARI, Auteur ; Lucas A. MARTIN, Auteur ; Kristi C. GUEST, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur . - p.e70305. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70305 Mots-clés : autism  behavior regulation  executive functioning  externalizing problems  internalizing problems  metacognitive index  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Internalizing and externalizing problems are highly prevalent among children and adolescents, with higher rates observed particularly among those with neurodevelopmental disorders. Previous studies have identified deficits in social competence and executive functioning (EF) as predictive factors of internalizing and externalizing problems, and some studies have indicated that EF mediates this association in autistic individuals. However, the role of EF and social competence across autistic and typically developing (TD) individuals remains underexplored in relation to internalizing and externalizing behaviors. We address this gap by using two moderated mediation analyses assessing the mediating effects of EF in the association between social skills and internalizing and externalizing problems. Poor metacognitive functioning was found to mediate the relationship between social skill deficits and internalizing problems only among autistic children and adolescents, whereas behavior dysregulation mediated the relationship between poor social skills and externalizing problems among both autistic and TD children and adolescents. These mediating effects of EF, however, were not moderated across the two diagnostic groups. These findings highlight the role of different domains of EF, that is, metacognitive functioning and behavior dysregulation in internalizing and externalizing problems, which can help identify early EF-related vulnerabilities and inform EF-based interventions for psychological problems among autistic and TD children and adolescents. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Identifying Unique Subgroups of Emotional and Behavioral Presentations in a Large Inpatient and Community Sample of Autistic Youth / Safaa ELDEEB in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70307 Titre : Identifying Unique Subgroups of Emotional and Behavioral Presentations in a Large Inpatient and Community Sample of Autistic Youth Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Safaa ELDEEB, Auteur ; Jessie NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Caitlin CONNER, Auteur ; Shalini SIVATHASAN, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Matthew SIEGEL, Auteur ; Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70307 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aggression  autism  behavioral phenotyping  emotion dysregulation inventory  machine learning  random forests ensemble clustering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic youth exhibit wide variability in emotional and behavioral challenges, yet few studies have identified meaningful subgroups based on these profiles. This study applied a random forests ensemble clustering algorithm to item-level parent-report data from the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in a combined sample of 1311 autistic youth (ages 6?17), drawn from the Autism Inpatient Collection (n?=?446) and the Interactive Autism Network (n?=?865). Four distinct subgroups emerged: Global High (GH; 22%), characterized by elevated scores across all four subscales (EDI-Reactivity, EDI-Dysphoria, CBCL Internalizing, and CBCL Externalizing); High-Reactivity Dominant (H-RD; 41%), marked primarily by high emotional reactivity; Moderate-Internalizing Dominant (M-ID; 18%), with elevated internalizing scores; and Global Low (GL; 19%), showing uniformly low scores. Feature importance analyses identified EDI-Reactivity and CBCL Aggression items as the strongest drivers of subgroup membership. No significant differences were found across subgroups in age, sex, race, or ethnicity. However, subgroups with greater emotional and behavioral challenges were associated with lower household income, single-parent status, and higher rates of family psychiatric history. These findings suggest that emotional reactivity and aggression severity are key differentiating features among autistic youth, and that sociodemographic and family mental health factors meaningfully shape emotional and behavioral outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Identifying Unique Subgroups of Emotional and Behavioral Presentations in a Large Inpatient and Community Sample of Autistic Youth [texte imprimé] / Safaa ELDEEB, Auteur ; Jessie NORTHRUP, Auteur ; Caitlin CONNER, Auteur ; Shalini SIVATHASAN, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; Matthew SIEGEL, Auteur ; Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.e70307. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70307 Mots-clés : aggression  autism  behavioral phenotyping  emotion dysregulation inventory  machine learning  random forests ensemble clustering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic youth exhibit wide variability in emotional and behavioral challenges, yet few studies have identified meaningful subgroups based on these profiles. This study applied a random forests ensemble clustering algorithm to item-level parent-report data from the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in a combined sample of 1311 autistic youth (ages 6?17), drawn from the Autism Inpatient Collection (n?=?446) and the Interactive Autism Network (n?=?865). Four distinct subgroups emerged: Global High (GH; 22%), characterized by elevated scores across all four subscales (EDI-Reactivity, EDI-Dysphoria, CBCL Internalizing, and CBCL Externalizing); High-Reactivity Dominant (H-RD; 41%), marked primarily by high emotional reactivity; Moderate-Internalizing Dominant (M-ID; 18%), with elevated internalizing scores; and Global Low (GL; 19%), showing uniformly low scores. Feature importance analyses identified EDI-Reactivity and CBCL Aggression items as the strongest drivers of subgroup membership. No significant differences were found across subgroups in age, sex, race, or ethnicity. However, subgroups with greater emotional and behavioral challenges were associated with lower household income, single-parent status, and higher rates of family psychiatric history. These findings suggest that emotional reactivity and aggression severity are key differentiating features among autistic youth, and that sociodemographic and family mental health factors meaningfully shape emotional and behavioral outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Visual Perspective Taking Training Improves Theory of Mind in Autistic Children / Mi TIAN in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70309 Titre : Visual Perspective Taking Training Improves Theory of Mind in Autistic Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mi TIAN, Auteur ; Shiyue CAO, Auteur ; Xin LI, Auteur ; Wenyu XIA, Auteur ; Him CHEUNG, Auteur ; Xuezhen XIAO, Auteur ; Tianrui LUO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70309 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  theory of mind  training  visual perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic children exhibit developmental differences in theory of mind (ToM), which is associated with social impairment. While numerous interventions have targeted other ToM precursor skills, few studies have explored the effect of visual perspective taking (VPT) training on ToM. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of VPT training on ToM in autistic children. Sixty-six autistic children were initially recruited and randomly assigned to three groups. Forty-eight children (mean age?=?5.75?years) completed the study and were included in the final analyses, comprising the VPT training group (n?=?16), thought-bubble training group (n?=?16), and control group (n?=?16). Each training comprised 12 sessions of 30?min. Both the VPT and thought-bubble training groups demonstrated significant improvements in VPT and ToM compared to the control group. The present study is the first to directly examine the effectiveness of VPT training using table blocks in enhancing ToM performance in autistic children, thereby providing a novel approach for ToM development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70309 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Visual Perspective Taking Training Improves Theory of Mind in Autistic Children [texte imprimé] / Mi TIAN, Auteur ; Shiyue CAO, Auteur ; Xin LI, Auteur ; Wenyu XIA, Auteur ; Him CHEUNG, Auteur ; Xuezhen XIAO, Auteur ; Tianrui LUO, Auteur . - p.e70309. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70309 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  theory of mind  training  visual perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic children exhibit developmental differences in theory of mind (ToM), which is associated with social impairment. While numerous interventions have targeted other ToM precursor skills, few studies have explored the effect of visual perspective taking (VPT) training on ToM. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of VPT training on ToM in autistic children. Sixty-six autistic children were initially recruited and randomly assigned to three groups. Forty-eight children (mean age?=?5.75?years) completed the study and were included in the final analyses, comprising the VPT training group (n?=?16), thought-bubble training group (n?=?16), and control group (n?=?16). Each training comprised 12 sessions of 30?min. Both the VPT and thought-bubble training groups demonstrated significant improvements in VPT and ToM compared to the control group. The present study is the first to directly examine the effectiveness of VPT training using table blocks in enhancing ToM performance in autistic children, thereby providing a novel approach for ToM development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70309 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

Zebrafish frk Gene Knockout Shows Social Impairments Relevant to Autism and Delays Brain Development by Increasing Cell Proliferation / Xueting LIN in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70310 Titre : Zebrafish frk Gene Knockout Shows Social Impairments Relevant to Autism and Delays Brain Development by Increasing Cell Proliferation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xueting LIN, Auteur ; Jing WU, Auteur ; Yingchao YING, Auteur ; Binhong YAN, Auteur ; Jiangping WANG, Auteur ; Jian ZOU, Auteur ; Kewen JIANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cell proliferation  cyp24a1  fyn related kinase  sociability  tp53  zebrafish Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fyn-related kinase (FRK), which belongs to the Src family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, functions during the cell cycle. Here, we report an autistic patient with an intragenic mutation of FRK and two other autism-related genes. Circumventing the barrier of murine model studies, we generated the CRISPR/Cas9-engineered frk ?/? zebrafish. We found that frk-knockout led to early developmental abnormalities. Frk ?/? fish exhibited autism-like behavior, including impaired social communication, repetitive stereotypic behavior, altered anxiety level, and cognitive dysfunction in both larvae and adults, which could be rescued by the transgenic neuron-specific re-expression of frk. GO and KEGG analysis of RNA-sequencing data found that the frk-knockout-induced DEGs were mainly concentrated in processes and functions related to cell metabolism. PPI network analysis of the detected DEGs suggested that the cyp24a1/tp53 pathway may play a key role in frk-knockout-induced autism. Furthermore, we found that the numbers of BrdU+ cells were significantly increased in the frk ?/? larval brains. Inhibition of Cyp24a1 or activation of tp53 reduced cell proliferation and partially ameliorated social impairments in frk ?/? zebrafish. Overall, our work established an autism model of frk-knockout with an assessable behavior phenotype in zebrafish and provided key insights into cell proliferation and the influence of the cyp24a1/tp53 pathway-regulated cell proliferation on frk-knockout-induced autism-like behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70310 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589 [article] Zebrafish frk Gene Knockout Shows Social Impairments Relevant to Autism and Delays Brain Development by Increasing Cell Proliferation [texte imprimé] / Xueting LIN, Auteur ; Jing WU, Auteur ; Yingchao YING, Auteur ; Binhong YAN, Auteur ; Jiangping WANG, Auteur ; Jian ZOU, Auteur ; Kewen JIANG, Auteur . - p.e70310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70310 Mots-clés : autism  cell proliferation  cyp24a1  fyn related kinase  sociability  tp53  zebrafish Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fyn-related kinase (FRK), which belongs to the Src family of non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, functions during the cell cycle. Here, we report an autistic patient with an intragenic mutation of FRK and two other autism-related genes. Circumventing the barrier of murine model studies, we generated the CRISPR/Cas9-engineered frk ?/? zebrafish. We found that frk-knockout led to early developmental abnormalities. Frk ?/? fish exhibited autism-like behavior, including impaired social communication, repetitive stereotypic behavior, altered anxiety level, and cognitive dysfunction in both larvae and adults, which could be rescued by the transgenic neuron-specific re-expression of frk. GO and KEGG analysis of RNA-sequencing data found that the frk-knockout-induced DEGs were mainly concentrated in processes and functions related to cell metabolism. PPI network analysis of the detected DEGs suggested that the cyp24a1/tp53 pathway may play a key role in frk-knockout-induced autism. Furthermore, we found that the numbers of BrdU+ cells were significantly increased in the frk ?/? larval brains. Inhibition of Cyp24a1 or activation of tp53 reduced cell proliferation and partially ameliorated social impairments in frk ?/? zebrafish. Overall, our work established an autism model of frk-knockout with an assessable behavior phenotype in zebrafish and provided key insights into cell proliferation and the influence of the cyp24a1/tp53 pathway-regulated cell proliferation on frk-knockout-induced autism-like behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70310 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=589

A Factor-Analytic Approach for Psychometric Properties of the Repetitive Behaviors Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3) for Turkish Population / Volkan AVÅžAR in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70311 Titre : A Factor-Analytic Approach for Psychometric Properties of the Repetitive Behaviors Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3) for Turkish Population Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Volkan AVÅžAR, Auteur ; Hatice ÅžENGÃœL ERDEM, Auteur ; Asiye ÅžENGÃœL AVÅžAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70311 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  factor-analytic methods  restricted and repetitive behaviors  scale adaptation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are one of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as being found in the general population. The current study aims to explore the psychometric properties of the Turkish self-report and informant-report forms of the Repetitive Behaviors Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3) for individuals with ASD and the general population across the lifespan. A series of factor-analytic methods was employed to analyze data from study groups with diverse characteristics. A total of 1803 individuals participated in the study. Bayesian confirmatory analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modeling, the average variance extracted, and measurement invariance analyses were performed to provide evidence of construct validity for the Turkish RBQ-3's in both self?and informant forms. In addition, the reliability of the Turkish RBQ-3 scores was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and composite reliability. In conclusion, the adapted self-report and informant-report forms of the RBQ-3 demonstrate strong psychometric properties for assessing RRBs in both individuals with ASD and the wider population across the lifespan in Türkiye. The Turkish RBQ-3 offers a valuable tool for Turkish researchers and clinicians, advancing the understanding of RRBs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590 [article] A Factor-Analytic Approach for Psychometric Properties of the Repetitive Behaviors Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3) for Turkish Population [texte imprimé] / Volkan AVÅžAR, Auteur ; Hatice ÅžENGÃœL ERDEM, Auteur ; Asiye ÅžENGÃœL AVÅžAR, Auteur . - p.e70311. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70311 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  factor-analytic methods  restricted and repetitive behaviors  scale adaptation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are one of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as being found in the general population. The current study aims to explore the psychometric properties of the Turkish self-report and informant-report forms of the Repetitive Behaviors Questionnaire-3 (RBQ-3) for individuals with ASD and the general population across the lifespan. A series of factor-analytic methods was employed to analyze data from study groups with diverse characteristics. A total of 1803 individuals participated in the study. Bayesian confirmatory analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modeling, the average variance extracted, and measurement invariance analyses were performed to provide evidence of construct validity for the Turkish RBQ-3's in both self?and informant forms. In addition, the reliability of the Turkish RBQ-3 scores was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and composite reliability. In conclusion, the adapted self-report and informant-report forms of the RBQ-3 demonstrate strong psychometric properties for assessing RRBs in both individuals with ASD and the wider population across the lifespan in Türkiye. The Turkish RBQ-3 offers a valuable tool for Turkish researchers and clinicians, advancing the understanding of RRBs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590

Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit / Laura J. BATTERINK in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70312 Titre : Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura J. BATTERINK, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Jae CITARELLA, Auteur ; Peyton SIEKIERSKI, Auteur ; Lynxie VOORHEES, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Craig A. ERICKSON, Auteur ; Zag ELSAYED, Auteur ; Anubhuti GOEL, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70312 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory processing  EEG  electroencephalography  fragile X syndrome  language development  neural entrainment  statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, causes significant language and cognitive impairments. Statistical learning refers to the ability to extract patterns from sensory input through mere exposure and plays a central role in language acquisition. Surprisingly, statistical learning in FXS has not been explored. Given that children with FXS typically follow a delayed developmental trajectory for language, we hypothesized that they would show impaired statistical learning. To test this hypothesis, we used an EEG measure of neural entrainment to index statistical learning of hidden trisyllabic words within a continuous speech stream in children with FXS (n?=?17) and in typically developing controls (n?=?31). Children with FXS showed significantly reduced neural entrainment to words compared to controls, particularly in the superior temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus (primary auditory cortex), providing evidence of statistical learning impairment. Notably, syllable-level entrainment was preserved or even enhanced in FXS, indicating that word-level deficits cannot be attributed to general auditory processing impairments. In addition, while typically developing controls showed an increase in word-level entrainment over the course of learning, children with FXS failed to show a similar increase over time. Taken together, this pattern of results demonstrates that children with FXS can process rapid, lower-order acoustic structure but struggle to integrate these syllables into longer, chunk-like word representations. Overall, these findings suggest that statistical learning is impaired in FXS and also suggest neural entrainment to statistical structure as a potential therapeutic target. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590 [article] Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit [texte imprimé] / Laura J. BATTERINK, Auteur ; Yanchen LIU, Auteur ; Grace WESTERKAMP, Auteur ; Jae CITARELLA, Auteur ; Peyton SIEKIERSKI, Auteur ; Lynxie VOORHEES, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Elizabeth SMITH, Auteur ; Rana ELMAGHRABY, Auteur ; Craig A. ERICKSON, Auteur ; Zag ELSAYED, Auteur ; Anubhuti GOEL, Auteur ; Steve W. WU, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur . - p.e70312. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70312 Mots-clés : auditory processing  EEG  electroencephalography  fragile X syndrome  language development  neural entrainment  statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, causes significant language and cognitive impairments. Statistical learning refers to the ability to extract patterns from sensory input through mere exposure and plays a central role in language acquisition. Surprisingly, statistical learning in FXS has not been explored. Given that children with FXS typically follow a delayed developmental trajectory for language, we hypothesized that they would show impaired statistical learning. To test this hypothesis, we used an EEG measure of neural entrainment to index statistical learning of hidden trisyllabic words within a continuous speech stream in children with FXS (n?=?17) and in typically developing controls (n?=?31). Children with FXS showed significantly reduced neural entrainment to words compared to controls, particularly in the superior temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus (primary auditory cortex), providing evidence of statistical learning impairment. Notably, syllable-level entrainment was preserved or even enhanced in FXS, indicating that word-level deficits cannot be attributed to general auditory processing impairments. In addition, while typically developing controls showed an increase in word-level entrainment over the course of learning, children with FXS failed to show a similar increase over time. Taken together, this pattern of results demonstrates that children with FXS can process rapid, lower-order acoustic structure but struggle to integrate these syllables into longer, chunk-like word representations. Overall, these findings suggest that statistical learning is impaired in FXS and also suggest neural entrainment to statistical structure as a potential therapeutic target. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590

Task-Related Aperiodic EEG (1/f) Activity in Autism / Magdalena MATYJEK in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70314 Titre : Task-Related Aperiodic EEG (1/f) Activity in Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Salvador Soto FARACO, Auteur ; Claudia Alvarez MARTIN, Auteur ; Mireia Torralba CUELLO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70314 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 1/f slope  aperiodic activity  autism  E/I  EEG  excitation/inhibition balance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism has been hypothesized to involve atypicalities in the balance between neural excitation and inhibition (E/I). Aperiodic EEG activity, characterized by the 1/f exponent of the power spectrum, provides a proxy of cortical E/I dynamics. However, prior studies in autism report mixed findings regarding the slope of aperiodic activity. One potentially important modulator of EEG slope is task engagement. Here, we examined variations in aperiodic slopes in autistic (n?=?35) and neurotypical (n?=?39) adults during passive viewing and an active, goal-directed task. The data revealed that autistic participants exhibited steeper slopes (indicative of increased inhibition vs. excitation) during the active task relative to passive viewing, whereas neurotypical participants showed no significant task-related changes. These findings suggest that aperiodic activity reflects dynamic, task-dependent neural adaptation rather than baseline group differences. Task engagement may reveal compensatory inhibitory processes in autistic adults, underscoring the importance of considering task demands and individual variability when investigating E/I balance in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590 [article] Task-Related Aperiodic EEG (1/f) Activity in Autism [texte imprimé] / Magdalena MATYJEK, Auteur ; Salvador Soto FARACO, Auteur ; Claudia Alvarez MARTIN, Auteur ; Mireia Torralba CUELLO, Auteur . - p.e70314. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70314 Mots-clés : 1/f slope  aperiodic activity  autism  E/I  EEG  excitation/inhibition balance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism has been hypothesized to involve atypicalities in the balance between neural excitation and inhibition (E/I). Aperiodic EEG activity, characterized by the 1/f exponent of the power spectrum, provides a proxy of cortical E/I dynamics. However, prior studies in autism report mixed findings regarding the slope of aperiodic activity. One potentially important modulator of EEG slope is task engagement. Here, we examined variations in aperiodic slopes in autistic (n?=?35) and neurotypical (n?=?39) adults during passive viewing and an active, goal-directed task. The data revealed that autistic participants exhibited steeper slopes (indicative of increased inhibition vs. excitation) during the active task relative to passive viewing, whereas neurotypical participants showed no significant task-related changes. These findings suggest that aperiodic activity reflects dynamic, task-dependent neural adaptation rather than baseline group differences. Task engagement may reveal compensatory inhibitory processes in autistic adults, underscoring the importance of considering task demands and individual variability when investigating E/I balance in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590

Interaction of the Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System: Implications in Gastrointestinal Disorders Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Baptiste GANACHAUD in Autism Research, 19-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70328 Titre : Interaction of the Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System: Implications in Gastrointestinal Disorders Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Baptiste GANACHAUD, Auteur ; María José MENDOZA-LEÓN, Auteur ; Justine MARCHIX, Auteur ; Alonso Fernandez TELLO, Auteur ; Catherine Le Berre SCOUL, Auteur ; Ma Cecilia OPAZO, Auteur ; Michel NEUNLIST, Auteur ; Claudia A. RIEDEL, Auteur ; Martial CAILLAUD, Auteur ; Hélène BOUDIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.e70328 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  bacterial metabolites  enteric nervous system  enteric neuron  gut-brain axis  microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. In addition to these core behavioral symptoms, gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are frequently reported, ranging from severe constipation to diarrhea. The links between ASD and gut dysfunction are further supported by alterations in gut microbiota composition and in bacteria-derived metabolites. As the intrinsic nervous system of the digestive tract, the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a central role in gut physiology by exerting neuronal control on several gut functions, including motility. Located at the interface between the gut microbiota and intestinal function, the ENS may play a key role in the GI symptoms associated with ASD, as demonstrated in several mouse models. This review aims to summarize the interconnected alterations of the gut microbiota and the ENS in ASD, with a particular focus on the microbiota-derived mediators that are altered in ASD, among patients and animal models, and that may affect ENS development and function. By highlighting these interactions, this review seeks to provide new insights on the digestive pathophysiology of ASD, which may also contribute to the severity of behavioral symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70328 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590 [article] Interaction of the Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System: Implications in Gastrointestinal Disorders Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Baptiste GANACHAUD, Auteur ; María José MENDOZA-LEÓN, Auteur ; Justine MARCHIX, Auteur ; Alonso Fernandez TELLO, Auteur ; Catherine Le Berre SCOUL, Auteur ; Ma Cecilia OPAZO, Auteur ; Michel NEUNLIST, Auteur ; Claudia A. RIEDEL, Auteur ; Martial CAILLAUD, Auteur ; Hélène BOUDIN, Auteur . - p.e70328. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 19-8 (August 2026) . - p.e70328 Mots-clés : autism  bacterial metabolites  enteric nervous system  enteric neuron  gut-brain axis  microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. In addition to these core behavioral symptoms, gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are frequently reported, ranging from severe constipation to diarrhea. The links between ASD and gut dysfunction are further supported by alterations in gut microbiota composition and in bacteria-derived metabolites. As the intrinsic nervous system of the digestive tract, the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a central role in gut physiology by exerting neuronal control on several gut functions, including motility. Located at the interface between the gut microbiota and intestinal function, the ENS may play a key role in the GI symptoms associated with ASD, as demonstrated in several mouse models. This review aims to summarize the interconnected alterations of the gut microbiota and the ENS in ASD, with a particular focus on the microbiota-derived mediators that are altered in ASD, among patients and animal models, and that may affect ENS development and function. By highlighting these interactions, this review seeks to provide new insights on the digestive pathophysiology of ASD, which may also contribute to the severity of behavioral symptoms. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70328 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=590