Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder / Anne G. LEVER in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676 Titre : Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.666-676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  aging  older adults  cognition  neuropsychology  memory  theory of mind  generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ > 80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.666-676. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  aging  older adults  cognition  neuropsychology  memory  theory of mind  generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ > 80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Brief Report: Using Cognitive Screeners in Autistic Adults / Iuno Z. GROOT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-9 (September 2021) . - p.3374-3379 Titre : Brief Report: Using Cognitive Screeners in Autistic Adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Iuno Z. GROOT, Auteur ; Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3374-3379 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Cognition  Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Mental Status and Dementia Tests  Neuropsychological Tests  Ageing  Autism spectrum condition  Cognitive screening  Mmse  MoCA  Older adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By comparing 51 autistic adults and 49 age-matched controls (aged 30-73 years) we tested if (1) the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is more sensitive in measuring cognitive impairments than the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and (2) if we can replicate the MoCA-findings of Powell et al. (2017) with the Dutch MoCA(-NL). Results showed that: (1) The MoCA-NL is more sensitive, and (2) like Powell, no group differences were observed on the MoCA-NL. However, in contrast to Powell, we did not observe that older autistic adults show more impairment than controls on the MoCA-NL. Nonetheless, as the MoCA-NL is more sensitive to cognitive impairment, it is the recommended screener for older autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04782-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Brief Report: Using Cognitive Screeners in Autistic Adults [texte imprimé] / Iuno Z. GROOT, Auteur ; Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.3374-3379. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-9 (September 2021) . - p.3374-3379 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Cognition  Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Mental Status and Dementia Tests  Neuropsychological Tests  Ageing  Autism spectrum condition  Cognitive screening  Mmse  MoCA  Older adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By comparing 51 autistic adults and 49 age-matched controls (aged 30-73 years) we tested if (1) the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is more sensitive in measuring cognitive impairments than the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and (2) if we can replicate the MoCA-findings of Powell et al. (2017) with the Dutch MoCA(-NL). Results showed that: (1) The MoCA-NL is more sensitive, and (2) like Powell, no group differences were observed on the MoCA-NL. However, in contrast to Powell, we did not observe that older autistic adults show more impairment than controls on the MoCA-NL. Nonetheless, as the MoCA-NL is more sensitive to cognitive impairment, it is the recommended screener for older autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04782-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Is Older Age Associated with Higher Self- and Other-Rated ASD Characteristics? / Anne G. LEVER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-6 (June 2018) . - p.2038-2051 Titre : Is Older Age Associated with Higher Self- and Other-Rated ASD Characteristics? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2038-2051 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adulthood  Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Autism traits  Self- and other-report  Symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characteristics seem to abate over time, but whether this protracts until late adulthood is largely unknown. We cross-sectionally investigated self- and other-reported ASD characteristics of adults with (ASD: Nmax-self = 237, Nmax-other = 130) and without ASD (COM: Nmax-self = 198, Nmax-other = 148) aged 19-79 years. Within the ASD group, self-reported ASD characteristics, and sensory sensitivities were highest in middle adulthood, while age was not associated to empathy. Sex differences were also found. However, age-and sex-related differences were not revealed by others and self- and other-report were poorly concordant. These results show that ASD characteristics in adulthood are differently perceived across age, sex, and informants and suggest that it is important to repeatedly assess self-reported ASD characteristics during adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3444-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=361 [article] Is Older Age Associated with Higher Self- and Other-Rated ASD Characteristics? [texte imprimé] / Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.2038-2051. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-6 (June 2018) . - p.2038-2051 Mots-clés : Adulthood  Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Autism traits  Self- and other-report  Symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characteristics seem to abate over time, but whether this protracts until late adulthood is largely unknown. We cross-sectionally investigated self- and other-reported ASD characteristics of adults with (ASD: Nmax-self = 237, Nmax-other = 130) and without ASD (COM: Nmax-self = 198, Nmax-other = 148) aged 19-79 years. Within the ASD group, self-reported ASD characteristics, and sensory sensitivities were highest in middle adulthood, while age was not associated to empathy. Sex differences were also found. However, age-and sex-related differences were not revealed by others and self- and other-report were poorly concordant. These results show that ASD characteristics in adulthood are differently perceived across age, sex, and informants and suggest that it is important to repeatedly assess self-reported ASD characteristics during adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3444-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=361

Negatively phrased items of the Autism Spectrum Quotient function differently for groups with and without autism / Joost A. AGELINK VAN RENTERGEM in Autism, 23-7 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1752-1764 Titre : Negatively phrased items of the Autism Spectrum Quotient function differently for groups with and without autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joost A. AGELINK VAN RENTERGEM, Auteur ; Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1752-1764 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Quotient  adults  age differences  autism spectrum disorders  differential item functioning  measurement  measurement invariance  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Spectrum Quotient is a widely used instrument for the detection of autistic traits. However, the validity of comparisons of Autism Spectrum Quotient scores between groups may be threatened by differential item functioning. Differential item functioning entails a bias in items, where participants with equal values of the latent trait give different answers because of their group membership. In this article, items of the Autism Spectrum Quotient were studied for differential item functioning between different groups within a single sample (N = 408). Three analyses were conducted. First, using a Rasch mixture model, two latent groups were detected that show differential item functioning. Second, using a Rasch regression tree model, four groups were found that show differential item functioning: men without autism, women without autism, people 50 years and younger with autism, and people older than 50 years with autism. Third, using traditional methods, differential item functioning was detected between groups with and without autism. Therefore, group comparisons with the Autism Spectrum Quotient are at risk of being affected by bias. Eight items emerged that consistently show differences in response tendencies between groups across analyses, and these items were generally negatively phrased. Two often-used short forms of the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the AQ-28 and AQ-10, may be more suitable for group comparisons. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319828361 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 [article] Negatively phrased items of the Autism Spectrum Quotient function differently for groups with and without autism [texte imprimé] / Joost A. AGELINK VAN RENTERGEM, Auteur ; Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.1752-1764. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1752-1764 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Quotient  adults  age differences  autism spectrum disorders  differential item functioning  measurement  measurement invariance  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Spectrum Quotient is a widely used instrument for the detection of autistic traits. However, the validity of comparisons of Autism Spectrum Quotient scores between groups may be threatened by differential item functioning. Differential item functioning entails a bias in items, where participants with equal values of the latent trait give different answers because of their group membership. In this article, items of the Autism Spectrum Quotient were studied for differential item functioning between different groups within a single sample (N = 408). Three analyses were conducted. First, using a Rasch mixture model, two latent groups were detected that show differential item functioning. Second, using a Rasch regression tree model, four groups were found that show differential item functioning: men without autism, women without autism, people 50 years and younger with autism, and people older than 50 years with autism. Third, using traditional methods, differential item functioning was detected between groups with and without autism. Therefore, group comparisons with the Autism Spectrum Quotient are at risk of being affected by bias. Eight items emerged that consistently show differences in response tendencies between groups across analyses, and these items were generally negatively phrased. Two often-used short forms of the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the AQ-28 and AQ-10, may be more suitable for group comparisons. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319828361 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406

Psychiatric Co-occurring Symptoms and Disorders in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Anne G. LEVER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.1916-1930 Titre : Psychiatric Co-occurring Symptoms and Disorders in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1916-1930 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Psychiatric comorbidity  Aging  Adults  Depression  Anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although psychiatric problems are less prevalent in old age within the general population, it is largely unknown whether this extends to individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We examined psychiatric symptoms and disorders in young, middle-aged, and older adults with and without ASD (Nmax = 344, age 19–79 years, IQ > 80). Albeit comparable to other psychiatric patients, levels of symptoms and psychological distress were high over the adult lifespan; 79 % met criteria for a psychiatric disorder at least once in their lives. Depression and anxiety were most common. However, older adults less often met criteria for any psychiatric diagnosis and, specifically, social phobia than younger adults. Hence, despite marked psychological distress, psychiatric problems are also less prevalent in older aged individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2722-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Psychiatric Co-occurring Symptoms and Disorders in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.1916-1930. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.1916-1930 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Psychiatric comorbidity  Aging  Adults  Depression  Anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although psychiatric problems are less prevalent in old age within the general population, it is largely unknown whether this extends to individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We examined psychiatric symptoms and disorders in young, middle-aged, and older adults with and without ASD (Nmax = 344, age 19–79 years, IQ > 80). Albeit comparable to other psychiatric patients, levels of symptoms and psychological distress were high over the adult lifespan; 79 % met criteria for a psychiatric disorder at least once in their lives. Depression and anxiety were most common. However, older adults less often met criteria for any psychiatric diagnosis and, specifically, social phobia than younger adults. Hence, despite marked psychological distress, psychiatric problems are also less prevalent in older aged individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2722-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

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