Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study / J. LEI in Autism Research, 12-10 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1472-1483 Titre : Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. LEI, Auteur ; E. LECARIE, Auteur ; J. JURAYJ, Auteur ; S. BOLAND, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; R. J. JOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1472-1483 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anisotropy  autism spectrum disorder  diffusion tensor imaging  female  motion  sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter (WM) structural connectivity have suggested widespread, although inconsistent WM alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as greater reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA). However, findings may lack generalizability because: (a) most have focused solely on the ASD male brain phenotype, and not sex-differences in WM integrity; (b) many lack stringent and transparent data quality control such as controlling for head motion in analysis. This study addressed both issues by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to separately compare WM differences in 81 ASD (56 male, 25 female; 4-21 years old) and 39 typically developing (TD; 23 males, 16 females; 5-18 years old) children and young people, carefully group-matched on sex, age, cognitive abilities, and head motion. ASD males and females were also matched on autism symptom severity. Two independent-raters completed a multistep scan quality assurance to remove images that were significantly distorted by motion artifacts before analysis. ASD females exhibited significant widespread reductions in FA compared to TD females, suggesting altered WM integrity. In contrast, no significant localized or widespread WM differences were found between ASD and TD males. This study highlights the importance of data quality control in DTI, and outlines important sex-differences in WM alterations in ASD females. Future studies can explore the extent to which neural structural differences might underlie sex-differences in ASD behavioral phenotype, and guide clinical interventions to be tailored toward the unique needs of ASD females and males. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1472-1483. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies have found atypical brain structural connectivity in males with autism, although findings are inconclusive in females with autism. To investigate potential sex-differences, we studied males and females with and without autism who showed a similar level of head movement during their brain scan. We found that females with autism had widespread atypical neural connectivity than females without autism, although not in males, highlighting sex-differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. LEI, Auteur ; E. LECARIE, Auteur ; J. JURAYJ, Auteur ; S. BOLAND, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; R. J. JOU, Auteur . - p.1472-1483. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1472-1483 Mots-clés : anisotropy  autism spectrum disorder  diffusion tensor imaging  female  motion  sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter (WM) structural connectivity have suggested widespread, although inconsistent WM alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as greater reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA). However, findings may lack generalizability because: (a) most have focused solely on the ASD male brain phenotype, and not sex-differences in WM integrity; (b) many lack stringent and transparent data quality control such as controlling for head motion in analysis. This study addressed both issues by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to separately compare WM differences in 81 ASD (56 male, 25 female; 4-21 years old) and 39 typically developing (TD; 23 males, 16 females; 5-18 years old) children and young people, carefully group-matched on sex, age, cognitive abilities, and head motion. ASD males and females were also matched on autism symptom severity. Two independent-raters completed a multistep scan quality assurance to remove images that were significantly distorted by motion artifacts before analysis. ASD females exhibited significant widespread reductions in FA compared to TD females, suggesting altered WM integrity. In contrast, no significant localized or widespread WM differences were found between ASD and TD males. This study highlights the importance of data quality control in DTI, and outlines important sex-differences in WM alterations in ASD females. Future studies can explore the extent to which neural structural differences might underlie sex-differences in ASD behavioral phenotype, and guide clinical interventions to be tailored toward the unique needs of ASD females and males. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1472-1483. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies have found atypical brain structural connectivity in males with autism, although findings are inconclusive in females with autism. To investigate potential sex-differences, we studied males and females with and without autism who showed a similar level of head movement during their brain scan. We found that females with autism had widespread atypical neural connectivity than females without autism, although not in males, highlighting sex-differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / A. S. LEWIS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2748-2757 Titre : An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. S. LEWIS, Auteur ; Gerrit I. VAN SCHALKWYK, Auteur ; M. O. LOPEZ, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; M. R. PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2748-2757 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Aggression  Autism spectrum disorder  Irritability  Nicotine  Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor  Sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), particularly the alpha7 nAChR, are implicated in the pathophysiology of both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and aggressive behavior. We explored the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of targeting nAChRs using transdermal nicotine to reduce aggressive symptoms in adults with ASD. Eight subjects were randomized in a double-blind crossover trial of 7 mg transdermal nicotine or placebo, each for 1 week. All participants tolerated nicotine treatment well. Five subjects contributed data to the primary outcome, Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Irritability (ABC-I) subscale change from baseline, which was improved by nicotine compared to placebo. Sleep ratings were also improved by nicotine and correlated with ABC-I improvement. These findings support further investigation of nAChR agonists for aggression and sleep in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] An Exploratory Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Aggression and Irritability in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. S. LEWIS, Auteur ; Gerrit I. VAN SCHALKWYK, Auteur ; M. O. LOPEZ, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; M. R. PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur . - p.2748-2757. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2748-2757 Mots-clés : Adult  Aggression  Autism spectrum disorder  Irritability  Nicotine  Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor  Sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), particularly the alpha7 nAChR, are implicated in the pathophysiology of both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and aggressive behavior. We explored the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of targeting nAChRs using transdermal nicotine to reduce aggressive symptoms in adults with ASD. Eight subjects were randomized in a double-blind crossover trial of 7 mg transdermal nicotine or placebo, each for 1 week. All participants tolerated nicotine treatment well. Five subjects contributed data to the primary outcome, Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Irritability (ABC-I) subscale change from baseline, which was improved by nicotine compared to placebo. Sleep ratings were also improved by nicotine and correlated with ABC-I improvement. These findings support further investigation of nAChR agonists for aggression and sleep in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3536-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

Anger Rumination is Associated with Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / K. IBRAHIM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3656-3668 Titre : Anger Rumination is Associated with Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. IBRAHIM, Auteur ; C. KALVIN, Auteur ; C. L. MARSH, Auteur ; A. ANZANO, Auteur ; L. GORYNOVA, Auteur ; K. CIMINO, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3656-3668 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression  Anger rumination  Autism spectrum disorder  Emotion regulation  Restricted and repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are reported to have greater levels of anger rumination than typically developing children. This study examined anger rumination in children with ASD in comparison to children with disruptive behavior disorder without ASD. We also tested if anger rumination is associated with aggression and the core ASD symptoms of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). This study included three groups of children aged 8-16 years: 63 had ASD (ASD group), 79 had disruptive behavior disorder (DB group), and 40 healthy controls (HC). ASD and DB groups showed greater anger rumination relative to the HC group. Anger rumination was associated with RRBs in children with ASD, suggesting the link to core ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04085-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Anger Rumination is Associated with Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. IBRAHIM, Auteur ; C. KALVIN, Auteur ; C. L. MARSH, Auteur ; A. ANZANO, Auteur ; L. GORYNOVA, Auteur ; K. CIMINO, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur . - p.3656-3668. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3656-3668 Mots-clés : Aggression  Anger rumination  Autism spectrum disorder  Emotion regulation  Restricted and repetitive behaviors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are reported to have greater levels of anger rumination than typically developing children. This study examined anger rumination in children with ASD in comparison to children with disruptive behavior disorder without ASD. We also tested if anger rumination is associated with aggression and the core ASD symptoms of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). This study included three groups of children aged 8-16 years: 63 had ASD (ASD group), 79 had disruptive behavior disorder (DB group), and 40 healthy controls (HC). ASD and DB groups showed greater anger rumination relative to the HC group. Anger rumination was associated with RRBs in children with ASD, suggesting the link to core ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04085-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID-19 Pandemic / Carla B. KALVIN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.4239-4247 Titre : Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID-19 Pandemic Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carla B. KALVIN, Auteur ; R. P. JORDAN, Auteur ; S. N. ROWLEY, Auteur ; A. WEIS, Auteur ; K. S. WOOD, Auteur ; J. J. WOOD, Auteur ; K. IBRAHIM, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4239-4247 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety/epidemiology/therapy  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/therapy  Covid-19  Child  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy  Humans  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  Telemedicine  Treatment Outcome  Anxiety  Autism spectrum disorder  COVID-19 pandemic  Cognitive-behavior therapy  Telehealth  for anger and aggression in children. Drs. Wood developed the CBT program for autism  and anxiety discussed herein  this program is available free of charge on the  internet and the authors have no financial conflict of interest associated with it.  Other authors (CBK, RPJ, SNR, AW, and KI) have no biomedical financial interests or  potential conflict of interest to declare related to this present study. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary describes the transition to remote delivery of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who participates in a clinical trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of COVID-19 on children's anxiety and on the family functioning are discussed. Modifications to CBT necessitated by telehealth delivery were aimed at maximizing engagement of children and their parents while maintaining treatment fidelity and adhering to the research protocol. Treatment targets were updated to address new sources of anxiety and CBT exposure exercises were modified to accommodate the new reality of quarantine restrictions. If the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect treatment delivery it may require a widespread utilization of telehealth for treating anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04845-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 [article] Conducting CBT for Anxiety in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During COVID-19 Pandemic [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla B. KALVIN, Auteur ; R. P. JORDAN, Auteur ; S. N. ROWLEY, Auteur ; A. WEIS, Auteur ; K. S. WOOD, Auteur ; J. J. WOOD, Auteur ; K. IBRAHIM, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur . - p.4239-4247. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.4239-4247 Mots-clés : Anxiety/epidemiology/therapy  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/therapy  Covid-19  Child  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy  Humans  Pandemics  SARS-CoV-2  Telemedicine  Treatment Outcome  Anxiety  Autism spectrum disorder  COVID-19 pandemic  Cognitive-behavior therapy  Telehealth  for anger and aggression in children. Drs. Wood developed the CBT program for autism  and anxiety discussed herein  this program is available free of charge on the  internet and the authors have no financial conflict of interest associated with it.  Other authors (CBK, RPJ, SNR, AW, and KI) have no biomedical financial interests or  potential conflict of interest to declare related to this present study. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary describes the transition to remote delivery of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who participates in a clinical trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of COVID-19 on children's anxiety and on the family functioning are discussed. Modifications to CBT necessitated by telehealth delivery were aimed at maximizing engagement of children and their parents while maintaining treatment fidelity and adhering to the research protocol. Treatment targets were updated to address new sources of anxiety and CBT exposure exercises were modified to accommodate the new reality of quarantine restrictions. If the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect treatment delivery it may require a widespread utilization of telehealth for treating anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04845-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454

Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder / Y. J. YANG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.1 Titre : Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. J. YANG, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; J. LEI, Auteur ; E. DAYAN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Anxiety disorders  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Default mode network  Disruptive behavior  Neuroimaging  Oppositional defiant disorder  Social perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Disruptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important clinical problem, but its neural basis remains poorly understood. The current research aims to better understand the neural underpinnings of disruptive behavior in ASD, while addressing whether the neural basis is shared with or separable from that of core ASD symptoms. METHODS: Participants consisted of 48 male children and adolescents: 31 ASD (7 had high disruptive behavior) and 17 typically developing (TD) controls, well-matched on sex, age, and IQ. For ASD participants, autism symptom severity, disruptive behavior, anxiety symptoms, and ADHD symptoms were measured. All participants were scanned while viewing biological motion (BIO) and scrambled motion (SCR). Two fMRI contrasts were analyzed: social perception (BIO > SCR) and Default Mode Network (DMN) deactivation (fixation > BIO). Age and IQ were included as covariates of no interest in all analyses. RESULTS: First, the between-group analyses on BIO > SCR showed that ASD is characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry, and ASD with high or low disruptive behavior exhibited similar patterns of hypoactivation. Second, the between-group analyses on fixation > BIO showed that ASD with high disruptive behavior exhibited more restricted and less DMN deactivation, when compared to ASD with low disruptive behavior or TD. Third, the within-ASD analyses showed that (a) autism symptom severity (but not disruptive behavior) was uniquely associated with less activation in the social perception regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior frontal gyrus; (b) disruptive behavior (but not autism symptom severity) was uniquely associated with less DMN deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and lateral parietal cortex; and (c) anxiety symptoms mediated the link between disruptive behavior and less DMN deactivation in both anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and MPFC, while ADHD symptoms mediated the link primarily in ACC. CONCLUSIONS: In boys with ASD, disruptive behavior has a neural basis in reduced DMN deactivation, which is distinct and separable from that of core ASD symptoms, with the latter characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry. These differential neurobiological markers may potentially serve as neural targets or predictors for interventions when treating disruptive behavior vs. core symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349 [article] Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. J. YANG, Auteur ; D. G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; J. LEI, Auteur ; E. DAYAN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur . - p.1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.1 Mots-clés : Adhd  Anxiety disorders  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Default mode network  Disruptive behavior  Neuroimaging  Oppositional defiant disorder  Social perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Disruptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important clinical problem, but its neural basis remains poorly understood. The current research aims to better understand the neural underpinnings of disruptive behavior in ASD, while addressing whether the neural basis is shared with or separable from that of core ASD symptoms. METHODS: Participants consisted of 48 male children and adolescents: 31 ASD (7 had high disruptive behavior) and 17 typically developing (TD) controls, well-matched on sex, age, and IQ. For ASD participants, autism symptom severity, disruptive behavior, anxiety symptoms, and ADHD symptoms were measured. All participants were scanned while viewing biological motion (BIO) and scrambled motion (SCR). Two fMRI contrasts were analyzed: social perception (BIO > SCR) and Default Mode Network (DMN) deactivation (fixation > BIO). Age and IQ were included as covariates of no interest in all analyses. RESULTS: First, the between-group analyses on BIO > SCR showed that ASD is characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry, and ASD with high or low disruptive behavior exhibited similar patterns of hypoactivation. Second, the between-group analyses on fixation > BIO showed that ASD with high disruptive behavior exhibited more restricted and less DMN deactivation, when compared to ASD with low disruptive behavior or TD. Third, the within-ASD analyses showed that (a) autism symptom severity (but not disruptive behavior) was uniquely associated with less activation in the social perception regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior frontal gyrus; (b) disruptive behavior (but not autism symptom severity) was uniquely associated with less DMN deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and lateral parietal cortex; and (c) anxiety symptoms mediated the link between disruptive behavior and less DMN deactivation in both anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and MPFC, while ADHD symptoms mediated the link primarily in ACC. CONCLUSIONS: In boys with ASD, disruptive behavior has a neural basis in reduced DMN deactivation, which is distinct and separable from that of core ASD symptoms, with the latter characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry. These differential neurobiological markers may potentially serve as neural targets or predictors for interventions when treating disruptive behavior vs. core symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349

What are we optimizing for in autism screening? Examination of algorithmic changes in the M-CHAT / Synnve SCHJØLBERG in Autism Research, 15-2 (February 2022)  

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