Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder / Anne G. LEVER in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676 Titre : Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.666-676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  aging  older adults  cognition  neuropsychology  memory  theory of mind  generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ > 80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Age-related differences in cognition across the adult lifespan in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Anne G. LEVER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.666-676. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.666-676 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  aging  older adults  cognition  neuropsychology  memory  theory of mind  generativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is largely unknown how age impacts cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated whether age-related cognitive differences are similar, reduced or increased across the adult lifespan, examined cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and explored whether objective test performance is related to subjective cognitive challenges. Neuropsychological tests assessing visual and verbal memory, generativity, and theory of mind (ToM), and a self-report measure assessing cognitive failures were administered to 236 matched participants with and without ASD, aged 20–79 years (IQ > 80). Group comparisons revealed that individuals with ASD had higher scores on visual memory, lower scores on generativity and ToM, and similar performance on verbal memory. However, ToM impairments were no longer present in older (50+ years) adults with ASD. Across adulthood, individuals with ASD demonstrated similar age-related effects on verbal memory, generativity, and ToM, while age-related differences were reduced on visual memory. Although adults with ASD reported many cognitive failures, those were not associated with neuropsychological test performance. Hence, while some cognitive abilities (visual and verbal memory) and difficulties (generativity and semantic memory) persist across adulthood in ASD, others become less apparent in old age (ToM). Age-related differences characteristic of typical aging are reduced or parallel, but not increased in individuals with ASD, suggesting that ASD may partially protect against an age-related decrease in cognitive functioning. Despite these findings, adults with ASD experience many cognitive daily challenges, which highlights the need for adequate social support and the importance of further research into this topic, including longitudinal studies. Autism Res 2016, 9: 666–676. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Age Related Differences of Executive Functioning Problems in Everyday Life of Children and Adolescents in the Autism Spectrum / Sanne F.W.M. VAN DEN BERGH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.1959-1971 Titre : Age Related Differences of Executive Functioning Problems in Everyday Life of Children and Adolescents in the Autism Spectrum Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sanne F.W.M. VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1959-1971 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Autism severity  Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions (BRIEF)  Development  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous studies investigated executive functioning (EF) problems in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using laboratory EF tasks. As laboratory task performances often differ from real life observations, the current study focused on EF in everyday life of 118 children and adolescents with ASD (6–18 years). We investigated age-related and individual differences in EF problems as reported by parents on the Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions (BRIEF: Gioia et al. in Behavior rating inventory of executive function. Psychological Assessment Resources, Odesse 2000), and examined the association with autism severity. Inhibition problems were mostly found in the youngest group (6- to 8-year-olds), whereas problems with planning where more evident for 12- to 14-year-olds as compared to 9- to 11-year-olds. In a subsample of participants meeting the ADOS ASD cut-off criteria the age related differences in planning were absent, while problems with cognitive flexibility were less apparent in 15- to 18-year-olds, compared to 9- to 11-, and 12- to 14-year olds. EF problems surpassing the clinical cutoff were only observed in 20 % (planning) to 51 % (cognitive flexibility) of the children and adolescents, and no relation was found with ASD symptom severity. This underlines the heterogeneous nature of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2071-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236 [article] Age Related Differences of Executive Functioning Problems in Everyday Life of Children and Adolescents in the Autism Spectrum [texte imprimé] / Sanne F.W.M. VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.1959-1971. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.1959-1971 Mots-clés : ASD  Autism severity  Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions (BRIEF)  Development  Executive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous studies investigated executive functioning (EF) problems in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using laboratory EF tasks. As laboratory task performances often differ from real life observations, the current study focused on EF in everyday life of 118 children and adolescents with ASD (6–18 years). We investigated age-related and individual differences in EF problems as reported by parents on the Behavioral Rating Inventory Executive Functions (BRIEF: Gioia et al. in Behavior rating inventory of executive function. Psychological Assessment Resources, Odesse 2000), and examined the association with autism severity. Inhibition problems were mostly found in the youngest group (6- to 8-year-olds), whereas problems with planning where more evident for 12- to 14-year-olds as compared to 9- to 11-year-olds. In a subsample of participants meeting the ADOS ASD cut-off criteria the age related differences in planning were absent, while problems with cognitive flexibility were less apparent in 15- to 18-year-olds, compared to 9- to 11-, and 12- to 14-year olds. EF problems surpassing the clinical cutoff were only observed in 20 % (planning) to 51 % (cognitive flexibility) of the children and adolescents, and no relation was found with ASD symptom severity. This underlines the heterogeneous nature of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2071-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236

Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults / Joe BATHELT in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 9 p. Titre : Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  perceived as posing a conflict or bias. The authors confirm that the funder had no  influence on the study design, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to  publish. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research effort into autism has been dedicated to understanding mechanisms during early development. As a consequence, research on the broader life course of an autism spectrum condition (ASC) has largely been neglected and almost nothing is known about ASC beyond middle age. Differences in brain connectivity that arise during early development may be maintained across the lifespan and may play protective or detrimental roles in older age. METHOD: This study explored age-related differences in functional connectivity across middle and older age in clinically diagnosed autistic adults (n = 44, 30-73 years) and in an age-matched typical comparison group (n = 45). RESULTS: The results indicated parallel age-related associations in ASC and typical aging for the local efficiency and connection strength of the default mode network and for the segregation of the frontoparietal control network. In contrast, group differences in visual network connectivity are compatible with a safeguarding interpretation of less age-related decline in brain function in ASC. This divergence was mirrored in different associations between visual network connectivity and reaction time variability in the ASC and comparison group. LIMITATIONS: The study is cross-sectional and may be affected by cohort effects. As all participants received their autism diagnosis in adulthood, this might hinder generalizability. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the complexity of aging in ASC with both parallel and divergent trajectories across different aspects of functional network organization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0316-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Age-variant and age-invariant features of functional brain organization in middle-aged and older autistic adults [texte imprimé] / Joe BATHELT, Auteur ; P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 9 p. Mots-clés : Aging  Autism spectrum disorder  Functional connectivity  Graph theory  perceived as posing a conflict or bias. The authors confirm that the funder had no  influence on the study design, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to  publish. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The majority of research effort into autism has been dedicated to understanding mechanisms during early development. As a consequence, research on the broader life course of an autism spectrum condition (ASC) has largely been neglected and almost nothing is known about ASC beyond middle age. Differences in brain connectivity that arise during early development may be maintained across the lifespan and may play protective or detrimental roles in older age. METHOD: This study explored age-related differences in functional connectivity across middle and older age in clinically diagnosed autistic adults (n = 44, 30-73 years) and in an age-matched typical comparison group (n = 45). RESULTS: The results indicated parallel age-related associations in ASC and typical aging for the local efficiency and connection strength of the default mode network and for the segregation of the frontoparietal control network. In contrast, group differences in visual network connectivity are compatible with a safeguarding interpretation of less age-related decline in brain function in ASC. This divergence was mirrored in different associations between visual network connectivity and reaction time variability in the ASC and comparison group. LIMITATIONS: The study is cross-sectional and may be affected by cohort effects. As all participants received their autism diagnosis in adulthood, this might hinder generalizability. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the complexity of aging in ASC with both parallel and divergent trajectories across different aspects of functional network organization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0316-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

An Explorative Study of Atypical Social Interaction Styles in Adult Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Men with Personality Disorders and Men from the General Population / Richard VUIJK ; Pieter F.A. DE NIJS ; Arnoud ARNTZ ; Hilde M. GEURTS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-6 (June 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-6 (June 2023) . - p.2297-2305 Titre : An Explorative Study of Atypical Social Interaction Styles in Adult Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Men with Personality Disorders and Men from the General Population : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard VUIJK, Auteur ; Pieter F.A. DE NIJS, Auteur ; Arnoud ARNTZ, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2297-2305 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Different atypical social interaction styles (SISs) were defined and tested in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether these styles can also be distinguished in adults with ASD has not yet been explored. In men with ASD, men with personality disorder (PD), and men from the general population (N=90), aged 18-65 years, we tested which SISs can be distinguished and how they relate to the presence of PD traits. We found a significant distinction in allocation to atypical SISs between the three groups. This study shows the presence of atypical SISs in adults with ASD, and complements previous SIS findings in children and adolescents with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05521-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=506 [article] An Explorative Study of Atypical Social Interaction Styles in Adult Men with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Men with Personality Disorders and Men from the General Population : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders [texte imprimé] / Richard VUIJK, Auteur ; Pieter F.A. DE NIJS, Auteur ; Arnoud ARNTZ, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.2297-2305. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-6 (June 2023) . - p.2297-2305 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Different atypical social interaction styles (SISs) were defined and tested in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether these styles can also be distinguished in adults with ASD has not yet been explored. In men with ASD, men with personality disorder (PD), and men from the general population (N=90), aged 18-65 years, we tested which SISs can be distinguished and how they relate to the presence of PD traits. We found a significant distinction in allocation to atypical SISs between the three groups. This study shows the presence of atypical SISs in adults with ASD, and complements previous SIS findings in children and adolescents with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05521-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=506

Annual Research Review: Reaction time variability in ADHD and autism spectrum disorders: measurement and mechanisms of a proposed trans-diagnostic phenotype / Sarah L. KARALUNAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-6 (June 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-6 (June 2014) . - p.685-710 Titre : Annual Research Review: Reaction time variability in ADHD and autism spectrum disorders: measurement and mechanisms of a proposed trans-diagnostic phenotype Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Stephan BENDER, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.685-710 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reaction time variability  intraindividual  ADHD  ASD  trans-diagnostic phenotype  biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Intraindividual variability in reaction time (RT) has received extensive discussion as an indicator of cognitive performance, a putative intermediate phenotype of many clinical disorders, and a possible trans-diagnostic phenotype that may elucidate shared risk factors for mechanisms of psychiatric illnesses. Scope and Methodology Using the examples of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we discuss RT variability. We first present a new meta-analysis of RT variability in ASD with and without comorbid ADHD. We then discuss potential mechanisms that may account for RT variability and statistical models that disentangle the cognitive processes affecting RTs. We then report a second meta-analysis comparing ADHD and non-ADHD children on diffusion model parameters. We consider how findings inform the search for neural correlates of RT variability. Findings Results suggest that RT variability is increased in ASD only when children with comorbid ADHD are included in the sample. Furthermore, RT variability in ADHD is explained by moderate to large increases (d = 0.63–0.99) in the ex-Gaussian parameter Ï„ and the diffusion parameter drift rate, as well as by smaller differences (d = 0.32) in the diffusion parameter of nondecision time. The former may suggest problems in state regulation or arousal and difficulty detecting signal from noise, whereas the latter may reflect contributions from deficits in motor organization or output. The neuroimaging literature converges with this multicomponent interpretation and also highlights the role of top-down control circuits. Conclusion We underscore the importance of considering the interactions between top-down control, state regulation (e.g. arousal), and motor preparation when interpreting RT variability and conclude that decomposition of the RT signal provides superior interpretive power and suggests mechanisms convergent with those implicated using other cognitive paradigms. We conclude with specific recommendations for the field for next steps in the study of RT variability in neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=234 [article] Annual Research Review: Reaction time variability in ADHD and autism spectrum disorders: measurement and mechanisms of a proposed trans-diagnostic phenotype [texte imprimé] / Sarah L. KARALUNAS, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Stephan BENDER, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.685-710. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-6 (June 2014) . - p.685-710 Mots-clés : Reaction time variability  intraindividual  ADHD  ASD  trans-diagnostic phenotype  biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Intraindividual variability in reaction time (RT) has received extensive discussion as an indicator of cognitive performance, a putative intermediate phenotype of many clinical disorders, and a possible trans-diagnostic phenotype that may elucidate shared risk factors for mechanisms of psychiatric illnesses. Scope and Methodology Using the examples of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we discuss RT variability. We first present a new meta-analysis of RT variability in ASD with and without comorbid ADHD. We then discuss potential mechanisms that may account for RT variability and statistical models that disentangle the cognitive processes affecting RTs. We then report a second meta-analysis comparing ADHD and non-ADHD children on diffusion model parameters. We consider how findings inform the search for neural correlates of RT variability. Findings Results suggest that RT variability is increased in ASD only when children with comorbid ADHD are included in the sample. Furthermore, RT variability in ADHD is explained by moderate to large increases (d = 0.63–0.99) in the ex-Gaussian parameter Ï„ and the diffusion parameter drift rate, as well as by smaller differences (d = 0.32) in the diffusion parameter of nondecision time. The former may suggest problems in state regulation or arousal and difficulty detecting signal from noise, whereas the latter may reflect contributions from deficits in motor organization or output. The neuroimaging literature converges with this multicomponent interpretation and also highlights the role of top-down control circuits. Conclusion We underscore the importance of considering the interactions between top-down control, state regulation (e.g. arousal), and motor preparation when interpreting RT variability and conclude that decomposition of the RT signal provides superior interpretive power and suggests mechanisms convergent with those implicated using other cognitive paradigms. We conclude with specific recommendations for the field for next steps in the study of RT variability in neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=234

Are Autistic Traits in the General Population Related to Global and Regional Brain Differences? / P. Cédric KOOLSCHIJN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-9 (September 2015)  

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Autism and depression are connected: A report of two complimentary network studies / Barbara F.C. VAN HEIJST in Autism, 24-3 (April 2020)  

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Brief Report: Inhibitory Control of Socially Relevant Stimuli in Children with High Functioning Autism / Hilde M. GEURTS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-11 (November 2009)  

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Brief Report: Using Cognitive Screeners in Autistic Adults / Iuno Z. GROOT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-9 (September 2021)  

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Camouflaging in autism: A cause or a consequence of mental health difficulties? / Audrey J.J. MOL ; Tulsi A. RADHOE ; Carolien TORENVLIET ; Joost A. AGELINK VAN RENTERGEM ; Annabeth P. GROENMAN ; Hilde M. GEURTS in Autism, 29-10 (October 2025)  

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Cognitive Flexibility in ASD; Task Switching with Emotional Faces / Marieke DE VRIES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-12 (December 2012)  

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Comparison of network structures between autistic and non-autistic adults, and autism subgroups: A focus on demographic, psychological, and lifestyle factors / Tulsi A. RADHOE in Autism, 28-5 (May 2024)  

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Contrasting deficits on executive functions between ADHD and reading disabled children / Gian Marco MARZOCCHI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-5 (May 2008)  

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Difference in default mode network subsystems in autism across childhood and adolescence / Joe BATHELT in Autism, 25-2 (February 2021)  

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Editorial / Dermot M. BOWLER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

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