Dépouillements

Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders / Mark J. ZYLKA in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.11-17 Titre : Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark J. ZYLKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.11-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  birth weight  case-control study  epidemiology  risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation or deletion of the maternally inherited UBE3A allele. These pathogenic mutations lead to loss of maternal UBE3A expression in neurons. Antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapies are in development, which activate the intact but epigenetically silenced paternal UBE3A allele. Preclinical studies indicate that treating during the prenatal period could greatly reduce the severity of symptoms or prevent AS from developing. Genetic tests can detect the chromosome 15q11-q13 deletion that is the most common cause of AS. New, highly sensitive noninvasive prenatal tests that take advantage of single-cell genome sequencing technologies are expected to enter the clinic in the coming years and make early genetic diagnosis of AS more common. Efforts are needed to identify fetuses and newborns with maternal 15q11-q13 deletions and to phenotype these babies relative to neurotypical controls. Clinical and parent observations suggest AS symptoms are detectable in infants, including reports of problems with feeding and motor function. Quantitative phenotypes in the 0- to 1-year age range will permit a more rapid assessment of efficacy when future treatments are administered prenatally or shortly after birth. Although prenatal therapies are currently not available for AS, prenatal testing combined with prenatal treatment has the potential to revolutionize how clinicians detect and treat babies before they are symptomatic. This pioneering prenatal treatment path for AS will lay the foundation for treating other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 11-17. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Prenatal treatment could benefit expectant parents whose babies test positive for the chromosome microdeletion that causes Angelman syndrome (AS). Prenatal treatment is predicted to have better outcomes than treating after symptoms develop and may even prevent AS altogether. This approach could generally be applied to the treatment of other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Prenatal treatment path for angelman syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark J. ZYLKA, Auteur . - p.11-17. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.11-17 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  birth weight  case-control study  epidemiology  risk markers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation or deletion of the maternally inherited UBE3A allele. These pathogenic mutations lead to loss of maternal UBE3A expression in neurons. Antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapies are in development, which activate the intact but epigenetically silenced paternal UBE3A allele. Preclinical studies indicate that treating during the prenatal period could greatly reduce the severity of symptoms or prevent AS from developing. Genetic tests can detect the chromosome 15q11-q13 deletion that is the most common cause of AS. New, highly sensitive noninvasive prenatal tests that take advantage of single-cell genome sequencing technologies are expected to enter the clinic in the coming years and make early genetic diagnosis of AS more common. Efforts are needed to identify fetuses and newborns with maternal 15q11-q13 deletions and to phenotype these babies relative to neurotypical controls. Clinical and parent observations suggest AS symptoms are detectable in infants, including reports of problems with feeding and motor function. Quantitative phenotypes in the 0- to 1-year age range will permit a more rapid assessment of efficacy when future treatments are administered prenatally or shortly after birth. Although prenatal therapies are currently not available for AS, prenatal testing combined with prenatal treatment has the potential to revolutionize how clinicians detect and treat babies before they are symptomatic. This pioneering prenatal treatment path for AS will lay the foundation for treating other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 11-17. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Prenatal treatment could benefit expectant parents whose babies test positive for the chromosome microdeletion that causes Angelman syndrome (AS). Prenatal treatment is predicted to have better outcomes than treating after symptoms develop and may even prevent AS altogether. This approach could generally be applied to the treatment of other syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Increased Expression of miR-155p5 in Amygdala of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Khulood Abdullah ALMEHMADI in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.18-23 Titre : Increased Expression of miR-155p5 in Amygdala of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Khulood Abdullah ALMEHMADI, Auteur ; Irene TSILIONI, Auteur ; Theoharis C. THEOHARIDES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.18-23 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mir-155  autism spectrum disorder  brain  microRNAs  neuroinflammation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : MiR-155p5 is a pro-inflammatory microRNA reported to be involved in several neurol-inflammatory diseases. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social interactions and communication, as well as stereotypic movements. Inflammation of the brain due to activation of microglia has been reported in ASD. We investigated miR-155p5 gene expression in postmortem human brain tissues [amygdala and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex regions (DLPFC)]. There was significant increase of miR-155p5 in amygdala (P En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2205 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Increased Expression of miR-155p5 in Amygdala of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Khulood Abdullah ALMEHMADI, Auteur ; Irene TSILIONI, Auteur ; Theoharis C. THEOHARIDES, Auteur . - p.18-23. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.18-23 Mots-clés : Mir-155  autism spectrum disorder  brain  microRNAs  neuroinflammation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : MiR-155p5 is a pro-inflammatory microRNA reported to be involved in several neurol-inflammatory diseases. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social interactions and communication, as well as stereotypic movements. Inflammation of the brain due to activation of microglia has been reported in ASD. We investigated miR-155p5 gene expression in postmortem human brain tissues [amygdala and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex regions (DLPFC)]. There was significant increase of miR-155p5 in amygdala (P En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2205 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Dysregulation of temporal dynamics of synchronous neural activity in adolescents on autism spectrum / Evie A. MALAIA in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.24-31 Titre : Dysregulation of temporal dynamics of synchronous neural activity in adolescents on autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Evie A. MALAIA, Auteur ; Sungwoo AHN, Auteur ; Leonid L. RUBCHINSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.24-31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental cognitive neuroscience  functional connectivity  neural oscillations  neural synchronization  phase synchrony  resting state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is increasingly understood to be based on atypical signal transfer among multiple interconnected networks in the brain. Relative temporal patterns of neural activity have been shown to underlie both the altered neurophysiology and the altered behaviors in a variety of neurogenic disorders. We assessed brain network dynamics variability in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using measures of synchronization (phase-locking) strength, and timing of synchronization and desynchronization of neural activity (desynchronization ratio) across frequency bands of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Our analysis indicated that frontoparietal synchronization is higher in ASD but with more short periods of desynchronization. It also indicates that the relationship between the properties of neural synchronization and behavior is different in ASD and typically developing populations. Recent theoretical studies suggest that neural networks with a high desynchronization ratio have increased sensitivity to inputs. Our results point to the potential significance of this phenomenon to the autistic brain. This sensitivity may disrupt the production of an appropriate neural and behavioral responses to external stimuli. Cognitive processes dependent on the integration of activity from multiple networks maybe, as a result, particularly vulnerable to disruption. Autism Res 2020, 13: 24-31. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Parts of the brain can work together by synchronizing the activity of the neurons. We recorded the electrical activity of the brain in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and then compared the recording to that of their peers without the diagnosis. We found that in participants with autism, there were a lot of very short time periods of non-synchronized activity between frontal and parietal parts of the brain. Mathematical models show that the brain system with this kind of activity is very sensitive to external events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2219 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Dysregulation of temporal dynamics of synchronous neural activity in adolescents on autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Evie A. MALAIA, Auteur ; Sungwoo AHN, Auteur ; Leonid L. RUBCHINSKY, Auteur . - p.24-31. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.24-31 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental cognitive neuroscience  functional connectivity  neural oscillations  neural synchronization  phase synchrony  resting state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is increasingly understood to be based on atypical signal transfer among multiple interconnected networks in the brain. Relative temporal patterns of neural activity have been shown to underlie both the altered neurophysiology and the altered behaviors in a variety of neurogenic disorders. We assessed brain network dynamics variability in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using measures of synchronization (phase-locking) strength, and timing of synchronization and desynchronization of neural activity (desynchronization ratio) across frequency bands of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). Our analysis indicated that frontoparietal synchronization is higher in ASD but with more short periods of desynchronization. It also indicates that the relationship between the properties of neural synchronization and behavior is different in ASD and typically developing populations. Recent theoretical studies suggest that neural networks with a high desynchronization ratio have increased sensitivity to inputs. Our results point to the potential significance of this phenomenon to the autistic brain. This sensitivity may disrupt the production of an appropriate neural and behavioral responses to external stimuli. Cognitive processes dependent on the integration of activity from multiple networks maybe, as a result, particularly vulnerable to disruption. Autism Res 2020, 13: 24-31. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Parts of the brain can work together by synchronizing the activity of the neurons. We recorded the electrical activity of the brain in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and then compared the recording to that of their peers without the diagnosis. We found that in participants with autism, there were a lot of very short time periods of non-synchronized activity between frontal and parietal parts of the brain. Mathematical models show that the brain system with this kind of activity is very sensitive to external events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2219 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Effective connectivity in autism / Edmund T. ROLLS in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.32-44 Titre : Effective connectivity in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund T. ROLLS, Auteur ; Yunyi ZHOU, Auteur ; Wei CHENG, Auteur ; Matthieu GILSON, Auteur ; Gustavo DECO, Auteur ; Jianfeng FENG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.32-44 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amygdala  autism  effective connectivity  face expression  precuneus  temporal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim was to go beyond functional connectivity, by measuring in the first large-scale study differences in effective, that is directed, connectivity between brain areas in autism compared to controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) data set in 394 people with autism spectrum disorder and 473 controls, and effective connectivity (EC) was measured between 94 brain areas. First, in autism, the middle temporal gyrus and other temporal areas had lower effective connectivities to the precuneus and cuneus, and these were correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule total, communication, and social scores. This lower EC from areas implicated in face expression analysis and theory of mind to the precuneus and cuneus implicated in the sense of self may relate to the poor understanding of the implications of face expression inputs for oneself in autism, and to the reduced theory of mind. Second, the hippocampus and amygdala had higher EC to the middle temporal gyrus in autism, and these are thought to be back projections based on anatomical evidence and are weaker than in the other direction. This may be related to increased retrieval of recent and emotional memories in autism. Third, some prefrontal cortex areas had higher EC with each other and with the precuneus and cuneus. Fourth, there was decreased EC from the temporal pole to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and there was evidence for lower activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a brain area implicated in emotion-related decision-making. Autism Res 2020, 13: 32-44. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: To understand autism spectrum disorders better, it may be helpful to understand whether brain systems cause effects on each other differently in people with autism. In this first large-scale neuroimaging investigation of effective connectivity in people with autism, it is shown that parts of the temporal lobe involved in facial expression identification and theory of mind have weaker effects on the precuneus and cuneus implicated in the sense of self. This may relate to the poor understanding of the implications of face expression inputs for oneself in autism, and to the reduced theory of mind. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2235 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Effective connectivity in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund T. ROLLS, Auteur ; Yunyi ZHOU, Auteur ; Wei CHENG, Auteur ; Matthieu GILSON, Auteur ; Gustavo DECO, Auteur ; Jianfeng FENG, Auteur . - p.32-44. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.32-44 Mots-clés : amygdala  autism  effective connectivity  face expression  precuneus  temporal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim was to go beyond functional connectivity, by measuring in the first large-scale study differences in effective, that is directed, connectivity between brain areas in autism compared to controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) data set in 394 people with autism spectrum disorder and 473 controls, and effective connectivity (EC) was measured between 94 brain areas. First, in autism, the middle temporal gyrus and other temporal areas had lower effective connectivities to the precuneus and cuneus, and these were correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule total, communication, and social scores. This lower EC from areas implicated in face expression analysis and theory of mind to the precuneus and cuneus implicated in the sense of self may relate to the poor understanding of the implications of face expression inputs for oneself in autism, and to the reduced theory of mind. Second, the hippocampus and amygdala had higher EC to the middle temporal gyrus in autism, and these are thought to be back projections based on anatomical evidence and are weaker than in the other direction. This may be related to increased retrieval of recent and emotional memories in autism. Third, some prefrontal cortex areas had higher EC with each other and with the precuneus and cuneus. Fourth, there was decreased EC from the temporal pole to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and there was evidence for lower activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a brain area implicated in emotion-related decision-making. Autism Res 2020, 13: 32-44. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: To understand autism spectrum disorders better, it may be helpful to understand whether brain systems cause effects on each other differently in people with autism. In this first large-scale neuroimaging investigation of effective connectivity in people with autism, it is shown that parts of the temporal lobe involved in facial expression identification and theory of mind have weaker effects on the precuneus and cuneus implicated in the sense of self. This may relate to the poor understanding of the implications of face expression inputs for oneself in autism, and to the reduced theory of mind. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2235 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores / Michael C. W. ENGLISH in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.45-60 Titre : A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael C. W. ENGLISH, Auteur ; Gilles E. GIGNAC, Auteur ; Troy A. W. VISSER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.45-60 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aq  Raine study  autism  autism-spectrum quotient  autistic traits  confirmatory factor analysis  factor model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a psychometric scale that is commonly used to assess autistic-like traits and behaviors expressed by neurotypical individuals. A potential strength of the AQ is that it provides subscale scores that are specific to certain dimensions associated with autism such as social difficulty and restricted interests. However, multiple psychometric evaluations of the AQ have led to substantial disagreement as to how many factors exist in the scale, and how these factors are defined. These challenges have been exacerbated by limitations in study designs, such as insufficient sample sizes as well as a reliance on Pearson, rather than polychoric, correlations. In addition, several proposed models of the AQ suggest that some factors are uncorrelated, or negatively correlated, which has ramifications for whether total-scale scores are meaningfully interpretable-an issue not raised by previous work. The aims of the current study were to provide: (a) guidance as to which models of the AQ are viable for research purposes, and (b) evidence as to whether total-scale scores are adequately interpretable for research purposes. We conducted a comprehensive series of confirmatory factor analyses on 11 competing AQ models using two large samples drawn from an undergraduate population (n = 1,702) and the general population (n = 1,280). Psychometric evidence largely supported using the three-factor model described by Russell-Smith et al. [Personality and Individual Differences 51(2), 128-132 (2011)], but did not support the use of total-scale scores. We recommend that researchers consider using AQ subscale scores instead of total-scale scores. Autism Res 2020, 13: 45-60. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 different ways of scoring subscales in the popular Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire in two large samples of participants (i.e., general population and undergraduate students). We found that a three-subscale model that used "Social Skill," "Patterns/Details," and "Communication/Mindreading" subscales was the best way to examine specific types of autistic traits in the AQ. We also found some weak associations between the three subscales-for example, being high on the "Patterns/Details" subscale was not predictive of scores on the other subscales. This means that meaningful interpretation of overall scores on the AQ is limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael C. W. ENGLISH, Auteur ; Gilles E. GIGNAC, Auteur ; Troy A. W. VISSER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur . - p.45-60. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.45-60 Mots-clés : Aq  Raine study  autism  autism-spectrum quotient  autistic traits  confirmatory factor analysis  factor model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a psychometric scale that is commonly used to assess autistic-like traits and behaviors expressed by neurotypical individuals. A potential strength of the AQ is that it provides subscale scores that are specific to certain dimensions associated with autism such as social difficulty and restricted interests. However, multiple psychometric evaluations of the AQ have led to substantial disagreement as to how many factors exist in the scale, and how these factors are defined. These challenges have been exacerbated by limitations in study designs, such as insufficient sample sizes as well as a reliance on Pearson, rather than polychoric, correlations. In addition, several proposed models of the AQ suggest that some factors are uncorrelated, or negatively correlated, which has ramifications for whether total-scale scores are meaningfully interpretable-an issue not raised by previous work. The aims of the current study were to provide: (a) guidance as to which models of the AQ are viable for research purposes, and (b) evidence as to whether total-scale scores are adequately interpretable for research purposes. We conducted a comprehensive series of confirmatory factor analyses on 11 competing AQ models using two large samples drawn from an undergraduate population (n = 1,702) and the general population (n = 1,280). Psychometric evidence largely supported using the three-factor model described by Russell-Smith et al. [Personality and Individual Differences 51(2), 128-132 (2011)], but did not support the use of total-scale scores. We recommend that researchers consider using AQ subscale scores instead of total-scale scores. Autism Res 2020, 13: 45-60. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 different ways of scoring subscales in the popular Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire in two large samples of participants (i.e., general population and undergraduate students). We found that a three-subscale model that used "Social Skill," "Patterns/Details," and "Communication/Mindreading" subscales was the best way to examine specific types of autistic traits in the AQ. We also found some weak associations between the three subscales-for example, being high on the "Patterns/Details" subscale was not predictive of scores on the other subscales. This means that meaningful interpretation of overall scores on the AQ is limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Promoting social attention in 3-year-olds with ASD through gaze-contingent eye tracking / Quan WANG in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.61-73 Titre : Promoting social attention in 3-year-olds with ASD through gaze-contingent eye tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Quan WANG, Auteur ; Carla A. WALL, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Jessica BRADSHAW, Auteur ; Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.61-73 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention  children  data-driven techniques  developmental psychology  eye movement  intervention early  visual Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) look less toward faces compared to their non-ASD peers, limiting access to social learning. Currently, no technologies directly target these core social attention difficulties. This study examines the feasibility of automated gaze modification training for improving attention to faces in 3-year-olds with ASD. Using free-viewing data from typically developing (TD) controls (n = 41), we implemented gaze-contingent adaptive cueing to redirect children with ASD toward normative looking patterns during viewing of videos of an actress. Children with ASD were randomly assigned to either (a) an adaptive Cue condition (Cue, n = 16) or (b) a No-Cue condition (No-Cue, n = 19). Performance was examined at baseline, during training, and post-training, and contrasted with TD controls (n = 23). Proportion of time looking at the screen (%Screen) and at actresses' faces (%Face) was analyzed. At Pre-Training, Cue and No-Cue groups did not differ in %Face (P > 0.1). At Post-Training, the Cue group had higher %Face than the No-Cue group (P = 0.015). In the No-Cue group %Face decreased Pre- to Post-Training; no decline was observed in the Cue group. These results suggest gaze-contingent training effectively mitigated decreases of attention toward the face of onscreen social characters in ASD. Additionally, larger training effects were observed in children with lower nonverbal ability, suggesting a gaze-contingent approach may be particularly relevant for children with greater cognitive impairment. This work represents development toward new social attention therapeutic systems that could augment current behavioral interventions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 61-73. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, we leverage a new technology that combines eye tracking and automatic computer programs to help very young children with ASD look at social information in a more prototypical way. In a randomized controlled trial, we show that the use of this technology prevents the diminishing attention toward social information normally seen in children with ASD over the course of a single experimental session. This work represents development toward new social attention therapeutic systems that could augment current behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2199 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Promoting social attention in 3-year-olds with ASD through gaze-contingent eye tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Quan WANG, Auteur ; Carla A. WALL, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Jessica BRADSHAW, Auteur ; Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur . - p.61-73. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.61-73 Mots-clés : attention  children  data-driven techniques  developmental psychology  eye movement  intervention early  visual Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) look less toward faces compared to their non-ASD peers, limiting access to social learning. Currently, no technologies directly target these core social attention difficulties. This study examines the feasibility of automated gaze modification training for improving attention to faces in 3-year-olds with ASD. Using free-viewing data from typically developing (TD) controls (n = 41), we implemented gaze-contingent adaptive cueing to redirect children with ASD toward normative looking patterns during viewing of videos of an actress. Children with ASD were randomly assigned to either (a) an adaptive Cue condition (Cue, n = 16) or (b) a No-Cue condition (No-Cue, n = 19). Performance was examined at baseline, during training, and post-training, and contrasted with TD controls (n = 23). Proportion of time looking at the screen (%Screen) and at actresses' faces (%Face) was analyzed. At Pre-Training, Cue and No-Cue groups did not differ in %Face (P > 0.1). At Post-Training, the Cue group had higher %Face than the No-Cue group (P = 0.015). In the No-Cue group %Face decreased Pre- to Post-Training; no decline was observed in the Cue group. These results suggest gaze-contingent training effectively mitigated decreases of attention toward the face of onscreen social characters in ASD. Additionally, larger training effects were observed in children with lower nonverbal ability, suggesting a gaze-contingent approach may be particularly relevant for children with greater cognitive impairment. This work represents development toward new social attention therapeutic systems that could augment current behavioral interventions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 61-73. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, we leverage a new technology that combines eye tracking and automatic computer programs to help very young children with ASD look at social information in a more prototypical way. In a randomized controlled trial, we show that the use of this technology prevents the diminishing attention toward social information normally seen in children with ASD over the course of a single experimental session. This work represents development toward new social attention therapeutic systems that could augment current behavioral interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2199 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Stability and change in social interaction style of children with autism spectrum disorder: A 4-year follow-up study / Anke M. SCHEEREN in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.74-81 Titre : Stability and change in social interaction style of children with autism spectrum disorder: A 4-year follow-up study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.74-81 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  autism spectrum disorder  longitudinal design  social development  social interaction style Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show atypical social behavior but vary in their social interaction style (SIS), ranging from social aloofness to awkward social approaches. In a 4-year follow-up study, we examined longitudinal stability and change of SIS in children and adolescents with ASD and a normal intellectual ability (n = 55; mean age Time 1: 13 years; mean age Time 2: 17 years). Children's SIS was assessed with a parent questionnaire, the Wing Subtypes Questionnaire. As expected, most participants (69%) showed SIS stability across the 4-year interval. Some participants (18%) shifted to a more typical or more active (but odd) SIS, while others (13%) shifted to a less typical or less active (but odd) SIS. A decrease in ASD symptoms predicted a shift toward a more typical or active SIS, but children's age and receptive verbal ability did not. SISs may be a meaningful way to create ASD subgroups and thus offer a promising research venue to further disentangle the heterogeneous autism spectrum. Autism Res 2020, 13: 74-81. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate different social interaction styles (SIS), ranging from social aloofness to awkward social approaches. We examined if and how SIS changes across a 4-year period in 55 children and adolescents with ASD (mean age Time 1 = 13 years; mean age Time 2 = 17 years). Most children (69%) showed the same SIS at both time points, indicating that SIS might be a relatively stable trait across adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Stability and change in social interaction style of children with autism spectrum disorder: A 4-year follow-up study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur . - p.74-81. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.74-81 Mots-clés : adolescence  autism spectrum disorder  longitudinal design  social development  social interaction style Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show atypical social behavior but vary in their social interaction style (SIS), ranging from social aloofness to awkward social approaches. In a 4-year follow-up study, we examined longitudinal stability and change of SIS in children and adolescents with ASD and a normal intellectual ability (n = 55; mean age Time 1: 13 years; mean age Time 2: 17 years). Children's SIS was assessed with a parent questionnaire, the Wing Subtypes Questionnaire. As expected, most participants (69%) showed SIS stability across the 4-year interval. Some participants (18%) shifted to a more typical or more active (but odd) SIS, while others (13%) shifted to a less typical or less active (but odd) SIS. A decrease in ASD symptoms predicted a shift toward a more typical or active SIS, but children's age and receptive verbal ability did not. SISs may be a meaningful way to create ASD subgroups and thus offer a promising research venue to further disentangle the heterogeneous autism spectrum. Autism Res 2020, 13: 74-81. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate different social interaction styles (SIS), ranging from social aloofness to awkward social approaches. We examined if and how SIS changes across a 4-year period in 55 children and adolescents with ASD (mean age Time 1 = 13 years; mean age Time 2 = 17 years). Most children (69%) showed the same SIS at both time points, indicating that SIS might be a relatively stable trait across adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Parenting stress in caregivers of young children with ASD concerns prior to a formal diagnosis / Trent D. DESCHAMPS in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.82-92 Titre : Parenting stress in caregivers of young children with ASD concerns prior to a formal diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Trent D. DESCHAMPS, Auteur ; Lisa V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; Sarah R. EDMUNDS, Auteur ; Catherine C. DICK, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.82-92 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  family studies  parenting stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Robust findings demonstrate that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high levels of parenting stress that are associated with negative outcomes for families. Although the majority of research on parenting stress has focused on parents of children with an existing diagnosis, parents of young children with concerns about ASD-related behaviors also face many unique challenges before the time of diagnosis. However, no study to date has examined patterns of parenting stress among parents of children with ASD concerns prior to a formal ASD diagnosis. Therefore, the current study investigated longitudinal trajectories of parenting stress among parents of young children with ASD concerns compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns (e.g., language delay), and parents of children with no developmental concerns. Known predictors of parenting stress were also examined. Results from multilevel model analyses revealed that parents of children with ASD concerns experienced consistently higher levels of parenting stress across early child development compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns and those with no concerns. Additionally, parenting efficacy, psychological functioning, social satisfaction, and child social communication behaviors predicted levels of parenting stress for all parents. Autism Res 2020, 13: 82-92. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined parenting stress across time among parents of young children with ASD concerns before receiving a diagnosis. Parents of children with ASD concerns reported consistently higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of children with other developmental concerns and parents of children with no concerns. Also, ASD concerns predicted parenting stress in addition to other parent and child predictors of parenting stress. These findings highlight the need to better support families before an ASD diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2213 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Parenting stress in caregivers of young children with ASD concerns prior to a formal diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Trent D. DESCHAMPS, Auteur ; Lisa V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; Sarah R. EDMUNDS, Auteur ; Catherine C. DICK, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur . - p.82-92. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.82-92 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  family studies  parenting stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Robust findings demonstrate that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high levels of parenting stress that are associated with negative outcomes for families. Although the majority of research on parenting stress has focused on parents of children with an existing diagnosis, parents of young children with concerns about ASD-related behaviors also face many unique challenges before the time of diagnosis. However, no study to date has examined patterns of parenting stress among parents of children with ASD concerns prior to a formal ASD diagnosis. Therefore, the current study investigated longitudinal trajectories of parenting stress among parents of young children with ASD concerns compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns (e.g., language delay), and parents of children with no developmental concerns. Known predictors of parenting stress were also examined. Results from multilevel model analyses revealed that parents of children with ASD concerns experienced consistently higher levels of parenting stress across early child development compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns and those with no concerns. Additionally, parenting efficacy, psychological functioning, social satisfaction, and child social communication behaviors predicted levels of parenting stress for all parents. Autism Res 2020, 13: 82-92. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined parenting stress across time among parents of young children with ASD concerns before receiving a diagnosis. Parents of children with ASD concerns reported consistently higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of children with other developmental concerns and parents of children with no concerns. Also, ASD concerns predicted parenting stress in addition to other parent and child predictors of parenting stress. These findings highlight the need to better support families before an ASD diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2213 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Discrepancies between parent and child ratings of anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder / Carla B. KALVIN in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.93-103 Titre : Discrepancies between parent and child ratings of anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carla B. KALVIN, Auteur ; Carolyn L. MARSH, Auteur ; Karim IBRAHIM, Auteur ; Theresa R. GLADSTONE, Auteur ; Diana WOODWARD, Auteur ; Heidi GRANTZ, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Denis G SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.93-103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  assessment  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-occurring anxiety is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, inconsistencies across parent and child reports of anxiety may complicate the assessment of anxiety in this population. The present study examined parent and child anxiety ratings in children with ASD with and without anxiety disorders and tested the association between parent-child anxiety rating discrepancy and ASD symptom severity. Participants included children aged 8-16 years in three diagnostic groups: ASD with co-occurring anxiety disorders (ASD + Anxiety; n = 34), ASD without co-occurring anxiety disorders (ASD; n = 18), and typically developing healthy controls (TD; n = 50). Parents and children completed ratings of child anxiety using the Multidimensional Anxiety Rating Scale. Patterns of parent and child anxiety ratings differed among the three groups, with parent ratings exceeding child ratings only in the ASD + Anxiety group. Parents reported higher levels of child anxiety in the ASD + Anxiety versus ASD group, whereas children reported comparable levels of anxiety in the two groups. Among children with ASD, ASD symptom severity was positively associated with the degree to which parent ratings exceeded child ratings. Results suggest that children with ASD and co-occurring anxiety disorders endorse some anxiety symptoms but may underreport overall levels of anxiety. In addition, ASD symptom severity might increase discrepancies in parent-child anxiety ratings. These findings suggest a unique and valuable role of child anxiety ratings and suggest that both parent and child anxiety ratings should be considered in light of children's ASD symptom severity and used to guide further assessment. Autism Res 2020, 13: 93-103. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly experience anxiety; yet, their perceptions of their anxiety might differ from their parents' perceptions. This study found that, while children with ASD and anxiety disorders acknowledge some anxiety, their parents report them as having higher levels of anxiety. Also, child and parent perceptions of anxiety may differ more for children with more severe ASD symptoms. How these findings may guide research and clinical practice is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2220 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Discrepancies between parent and child ratings of anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla B. KALVIN, Auteur ; Carolyn L. MARSH, Auteur ; Karim IBRAHIM, Auteur ; Theresa R. GLADSTONE, Auteur ; Diana WOODWARD, Auteur ; Heidi GRANTZ, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Denis G SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur . - p.93-103. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.93-103 Mots-clés : anxiety  assessment  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-occurring anxiety is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, inconsistencies across parent and child reports of anxiety may complicate the assessment of anxiety in this population. The present study examined parent and child anxiety ratings in children with ASD with and without anxiety disorders and tested the association between parent-child anxiety rating discrepancy and ASD symptom severity. Participants included children aged 8-16 years in three diagnostic groups: ASD with co-occurring anxiety disorders (ASD + Anxiety; n = 34), ASD without co-occurring anxiety disorders (ASD; n = 18), and typically developing healthy controls (TD; n = 50). Parents and children completed ratings of child anxiety using the Multidimensional Anxiety Rating Scale. Patterns of parent and child anxiety ratings differed among the three groups, with parent ratings exceeding child ratings only in the ASD + Anxiety group. Parents reported higher levels of child anxiety in the ASD + Anxiety versus ASD group, whereas children reported comparable levels of anxiety in the two groups. Among children with ASD, ASD symptom severity was positively associated with the degree to which parent ratings exceeded child ratings. Results suggest that children with ASD and co-occurring anxiety disorders endorse some anxiety symptoms but may underreport overall levels of anxiety. In addition, ASD symptom severity might increase discrepancies in parent-child anxiety ratings. These findings suggest a unique and valuable role of child anxiety ratings and suggest that both parent and child anxiety ratings should be considered in light of children's ASD symptom severity and used to guide further assessment. Autism Res 2020, 13: 93-103. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly experience anxiety; yet, their perceptions of their anxiety might differ from their parents' perceptions. This study found that, while children with ASD and anxiety disorders acknowledge some anxiety, their parents report them as having higher levels of anxiety. Also, child and parent perceptions of anxiety may differ more for children with more severe ASD symptoms. How these findings may guide research and clinical practice is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2220 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Temperament and character as risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Annelie A. T. HOOIJER in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.104-111 Titre : Temperament and character as risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Annelie A. T. HOOIJER, Auteur ; Bram B. SIZOO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.104-111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  risk factor  suicidal ideation and attempts  temperament and character traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are suggested to have an increased risk for suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but this topic is largely understudied. Research indicates that temperament and character traits are associated with suicidal behavior in persons without ASD, with higher scores for novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), and self-transcedence (ST), and lower scores for self-directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (CO). Usually persons with ASD have temperament and character profiles with high HA, and low NS, reward dependence (RD), SD, and CO. The aim is to investigate whether there is a relationship between temperament and character traits and suicide ideation and attempts in adults with ASD. Seventy-four adults with ASD participated by completing self-report measures on suicide thoughts and behavior, depression, and temperament. Independent sample t-tests were conducted to compare scores between attempters versus nonattempters and between ideators versus nonideators. Regression analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of temperament and character. T-tests showed lower NS and SD, and higher HA for ideators versus nonideators, but not for attempters versus nonattempters. Regression models showed no significant relation between suicide ideation and NS, SD, HA after the latter were controlled for the significant influence of depression. Temperament and character can probably not be used for predicting suicide ideation and attempts, based on results from the current sample. Clinicians must take note of the high prevalence and risk of depression among persons with ASD, which may be under-reported. Autism Res 2020, 13: 104-111. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The aim of the current study was to uncover risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism, since this urgent topic is largely understudied. We initially investigated whether temperament and character could be risk factors, but found no association. However, we did find that depression might be a high predictor for suicide ideation, which could remain under-reported in adults with autism, due to impaired communication and problems with expressing emotions and thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2221 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Temperament and character as risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Annelie A. T. HOOIJER, Auteur ; Bram B. SIZOO, Auteur . - p.104-111. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.104-111 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  risk factor  suicidal ideation and attempts  temperament and character traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are suggested to have an increased risk for suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but this topic is largely understudied. Research indicates that temperament and character traits are associated with suicidal behavior in persons without ASD, with higher scores for novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), and self-transcedence (ST), and lower scores for self-directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (CO). Usually persons with ASD have temperament and character profiles with high HA, and low NS, reward dependence (RD), SD, and CO. The aim is to investigate whether there is a relationship between temperament and character traits and suicide ideation and attempts in adults with ASD. Seventy-four adults with ASD participated by completing self-report measures on suicide thoughts and behavior, depression, and temperament. Independent sample t-tests were conducted to compare scores between attempters versus nonattempters and between ideators versus nonideators. Regression analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of temperament and character. T-tests showed lower NS and SD, and higher HA for ideators versus nonideators, but not for attempters versus nonattempters. Regression models showed no significant relation between suicide ideation and NS, SD, HA after the latter were controlled for the significant influence of depression. Temperament and character can probably not be used for predicting suicide ideation and attempts, based on results from the current sample. Clinicians must take note of the high prevalence and risk of depression among persons with ASD, which may be under-reported. Autism Res 2020, 13: 104-111. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The aim of the current study was to uncover risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism, since this urgent topic is largely understudied. We initially investigated whether temperament and character could be risk factors, but found no association. However, we did find that depression might be a high predictor for suicide ideation, which could remain under-reported in adults with autism, due to impaired communication and problems with expressing emotions and thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2221 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Roma A. VASA in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.112-121 Titre : Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Roma A. VASA, Auteur ; Louis P. HAGOPIAN, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.112-121 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  children  mental health crisis  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for experiencing a mental health crisis. Yet, limited systematic research exists on this topic. This study examines the prevalence, phenomenology, and correlates of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Participants included 462 parents of individuals with ASD (83% male, 86% Caucasian, M = 13.7 years, SD = 4.7) who were enrolled in the Interactive Autism Network, a large online registry of families of individuals with ASD. Parents completed the Mental Health Crisis Assessment Scale, a psychometrically sound measure of mental health crisis for youth with ASD, as well as measures of parental depression, family quality of life, and mental health treatment history. Overall, 32% of parents reported that their child had experienced a mental health crisis during the last 3 months. In the younger group, elopement (88%) and self-injury (81%) were the most frequent behaviors contributing to crisis; physical (60%) and verbal (42%) aggression were the most frequent crisis behaviors in the older group. Correlates of crisis included younger age, increased parental depressive symptoms, and lower family quality of life. Approximately 75% of individuals in crisis had seen a psychiatrist or behavioral therapist/psychologist within the last 3 months and 25% were not engaged in any mental health treatment. In summary, mental health crises were quite prevalent in this online sample of youth with ASD. Identification and treatment of these serious events is critical to reduce morbidity in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 112-121. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 32% of individuals in our study had experienced a mental health crisis within the last 3 months. Younger age, increased parental depression, and lower quality of life were associated with crisis. These findings emphasize the importance of developing child and family-based interventions to prevent and treat the mental health crisis in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2224 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Roma A. VASA, Auteur ; Louis P. HAGOPIAN, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur . - p.112-121. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.112-121 Mots-clés : adolescents  children  mental health crisis  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for experiencing a mental health crisis. Yet, limited systematic research exists on this topic. This study examines the prevalence, phenomenology, and correlates of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Participants included 462 parents of individuals with ASD (83% male, 86% Caucasian, M = 13.7 years, SD = 4.7) who were enrolled in the Interactive Autism Network, a large online registry of families of individuals with ASD. Parents completed the Mental Health Crisis Assessment Scale, a psychometrically sound measure of mental health crisis for youth with ASD, as well as measures of parental depression, family quality of life, and mental health treatment history. Overall, 32% of parents reported that their child had experienced a mental health crisis during the last 3 months. In the younger group, elopement (88%) and self-injury (81%) were the most frequent behaviors contributing to crisis; physical (60%) and verbal (42%) aggression were the most frequent crisis behaviors in the older group. Correlates of crisis included younger age, increased parental depressive symptoms, and lower family quality of life. Approximately 75% of individuals in crisis had seen a psychiatrist or behavioral therapist/psychologist within the last 3 months and 25% were not engaged in any mental health treatment. In summary, mental health crises were quite prevalent in this online sample of youth with ASD. Identification and treatment of these serious events is critical to reduce morbidity in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 112-121. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 32% of individuals in our study had experienced a mental health crisis within the last 3 months. Younger age, increased parental depression, and lower quality of life were associated with crisis. These findings emphasize the importance of developing child and family-based interventions to prevent and treat the mental health crisis in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2224 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Screening for autism spectrum disorder in a naturalistic home setting using the systematic observation of red flags (SORF) at 18-24 months / Deanna DOW in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.122-133 Titre : Screening for autism spectrum disorder in a naturalistic home setting using the systematic observation of red flags (SORF) at 18-24 months Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Deanna DOW, Auteur ; Taylor N. DAY, Auteur ; Timothy J. KUTTA, Auteur ; Charly NOTTKE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.122-133 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : early detection  early signs  psychometrics  red flags Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags (SORF; Dow et al., 2016) as a level 2 screener for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers during a naturalistic video-recorded home observation. Psychometric properties of the SORF were examined in a sample of 228 toddlers-84 with ASD, 82 with developmental delay (DD), and 62 with typical development (TD). Trained undergraduate research assistants blind to diagnosis rated 22 red flags (RF) of ASD associated with DSM-5 diagnostic criteria using a 4-point scale. The following scores were computed: a total score summing all items, domain scores summing social communication and restricted, repetitive behavior items, and number of RF counting items with scores of 2 or 3 indicating clear symptom presence. The performance of the total, domain, and RF scores and individual items were examined. A composite score was formed with six items with the best psychometric performance: poor eye gaze directed to faces, limited showing and pointing, limited coordination of nonverbal communication, less interest in people than objects, repetitive use of objects, and excessive interest in particular objects, actions, or activities. The 6-item composite provides a brief measure with optimal performance, while the RF may be instrumental for clinicians who are interested in characterizing the range of observed symptoms. The SORF shows promise as a practical alternative to currently available screening methods for implementation by nonexperts with the potential to increase feasibility and reduce common obstacles to access to care. Autism Res 2020, 13: 122-133. (c) The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research suggests that current autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening tools are not accurate enough to use in routine screening. The Systematic Observation of Red Flags was developed as a practical option for children at high risk for ASD. It can be used with video-recorded samples of parent-child interactions in the home and by raters who are not experts in ASD. It shows promise in predicting ASD risk in toddlers to determine if a full diagnostic evaluation is necessary. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2226 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Screening for autism spectrum disorder in a naturalistic home setting using the systematic observation of red flags (SORF) at 18-24 months [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Deanna DOW, Auteur ; Taylor N. DAY, Auteur ; Timothy J. KUTTA, Auteur ; Charly NOTTKE, Auteur ; Amy M. WETHERBY, Auteur . - p.122-133. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.122-133 Mots-clés : early detection  early signs  psychometrics  red flags Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags (SORF; Dow et al., 2016) as a level 2 screener for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers during a naturalistic video-recorded home observation. Psychometric properties of the SORF were examined in a sample of 228 toddlers-84 with ASD, 82 with developmental delay (DD), and 62 with typical development (TD). Trained undergraduate research assistants blind to diagnosis rated 22 red flags (RF) of ASD associated with DSM-5 diagnostic criteria using a 4-point scale. The following scores were computed: a total score summing all items, domain scores summing social communication and restricted, repetitive behavior items, and number of RF counting items with scores of 2 or 3 indicating clear symptom presence. The performance of the total, domain, and RF scores and individual items were examined. A composite score was formed with six items with the best psychometric performance: poor eye gaze directed to faces, limited showing and pointing, limited coordination of nonverbal communication, less interest in people than objects, repetitive use of objects, and excessive interest in particular objects, actions, or activities. The 6-item composite provides a brief measure with optimal performance, while the RF may be instrumental for clinicians who are interested in characterizing the range of observed symptoms. The SORF shows promise as a practical alternative to currently available screening methods for implementation by nonexperts with the potential to increase feasibility and reduce common obstacles to access to care. Autism Res 2020, 13: 122-133. (c) The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research suggests that current autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening tools are not accurate enough to use in routine screening. The Systematic Observation of Red Flags was developed as a practical option for children at high risk for ASD. It can be used with video-recorded samples of parent-child interactions in the home and by raters who are not experts in ASD. It shows promise in predicting ASD risk in toddlers to determine if a full diagnostic evaluation is necessary. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2226 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder in offspring / Amy E. KALKBRENNER in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.134-144 Titre : Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder in offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amy E. KALKBRENNER, Auteur ; Sandra M. MEIER, Auteur ; Paul MADLEY-DOWD, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Margaret Daniele FALLIN, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.134-144 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  autism spectrum disorder  confounding  family-based designs  intellectual disability  maternal smoking  neurodevelopment  tobacco Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence supports no link between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (autism) overall. To address remaining questions about the unexplained heterogeneity between study results and the possibility of risk for specific autism sub-phenotypes, we conducted a whole-population cohort study in Denmark. We followed births 1991-2011 (1,294,906 persons, including 993,301 siblings in 728,271 families), from 1 year of age until an autism diagnosis (13,547), death, emigration, or December 31, 2012. Autism, with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and with and without intellectual disability (ID) were based on ICD-8 and ICD-10 codes from Danish national health registers, including 3,319 autism + ADHD, 10,228 autism - no ADHD, 2,205 autism + ID, and 11,342 autism - no ID. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) between any maternal smoking (from birth records) and autism (or sub-phenotypes) using survival models with robust standard errors, stratifying by birth year and adjusting for child sex, parity, and parental age, education, income, and psychiatric history. To additionally address confounding using family designs, we constructed a maternal cluster model (adjusting for the smoking proportion within the family), and a stratified sibling model. Associations with maternal smoking and autism were elevated in conventional adjusted analyses (HR of 1.17 [1.13-1.22]) but attenuated in the maternal cluster (0.98 [0.88-1.09]) and sibling (0.86 [0.64-1.15]) models. Similarly, risks of autism sub-phenotypes with maternal smoking were attenuated in the family-based models. Together these results support that smoking in pregnancy is not linked with autism or select autism comorbid sub-phenotypes after accounting for familial confounding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 134-144. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Smoking during pregnancy has many harmful impacts, which may include harming the baby's developing brain. However, in a study of thousands of families in Denmark, it does not appear that smoking in pregnancy leads to autism or autism in combination with intellectual problems or attention deficits, once you account for the way smoking patterns and developmental disabilities run in families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2196 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder in offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amy E. KALKBRENNER, Auteur ; Sandra M. MEIER, Auteur ; Paul MADLEY-DOWD, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Margaret Daniele FALLIN, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur . - p.134-144. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.134-144 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  autism spectrum disorder  confounding  family-based designs  intellectual disability  maternal smoking  neurodevelopment  tobacco Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence supports no link between maternal smoking in pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (autism) overall. To address remaining questions about the unexplained heterogeneity between study results and the possibility of risk for specific autism sub-phenotypes, we conducted a whole-population cohort study in Denmark. We followed births 1991-2011 (1,294,906 persons, including 993,301 siblings in 728,271 families), from 1 year of age until an autism diagnosis (13,547), death, emigration, or December 31, 2012. Autism, with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and with and without intellectual disability (ID) were based on ICD-8 and ICD-10 codes from Danish national health registers, including 3,319 autism + ADHD, 10,228 autism - no ADHD, 2,205 autism + ID, and 11,342 autism - no ID. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) between any maternal smoking (from birth records) and autism (or sub-phenotypes) using survival models with robust standard errors, stratifying by birth year and adjusting for child sex, parity, and parental age, education, income, and psychiatric history. To additionally address confounding using family designs, we constructed a maternal cluster model (adjusting for the smoking proportion within the family), and a stratified sibling model. Associations with maternal smoking and autism were elevated in conventional adjusted analyses (HR of 1.17 [1.13-1.22]) but attenuated in the maternal cluster (0.98 [0.88-1.09]) and sibling (0.86 [0.64-1.15]) models. Similarly, risks of autism sub-phenotypes with maternal smoking were attenuated in the family-based models. Together these results support that smoking in pregnancy is not linked with autism or select autism comorbid sub-phenotypes after accounting for familial confounding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 134-144. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Smoking during pregnancy has many harmful impacts, which may include harming the baby's developing brain. However, in a study of thousands of families in Denmark, it does not appear that smoking in pregnancy leads to autism or autism in combination with intellectual problems or attention deficits, once you account for the way smoking patterns and developmental disabilities run in families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2196 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Language regression is associated with faster early motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder / Liora MANELIS in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.145-156 Titre : Language regression is associated with faster early motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Michal ILAN, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Michal FAROY, Auteur ; Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.145-156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  early development  language regression  motor development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Language regression (LR) is a consistent and reproducible phenomenon that is reported by ~25% of parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is controversy regarding the etiological and clinical significance of this phenomenon. Here, we examined data from a cohort of 218 children with ASD from the Negev Autism Center in Israel. We identified 36 children with ASD who were reported to exhibit clear LR by their parent on three independent occasions and compared them to 104 children whose parents did not report any concern of regression (NR). We compared a variety of key developmental characteristics across these two groups. We found that the age at which children with ASD in the LR group achieve key developmental milestones of crawling, walking, and use of first words is significantly younger than the age of children in the NR group, and comparable to the age of typically developing children. In contrast, no differences were observed in physical growth characteristics such as head circumference, weight, or height between the groups. Furthermore, almost all children with LR were born close to full term (>35 weeks) and none had a history of hypotonia. Notably, despite their apparently typical early development, children with LR were diagnosed with more severe symptoms of ASD than children with NR. These results strengthen the motivation to continue and study LR among children with ASD and suggest that early detection and intervention studies of ASD may benefit from stratifying children into LR and NR groups. Autism Res 2020, 13: 145-156. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The presence of language regression (LR) among children with autism is still a matter of scientific debate. Here, we show that children with autism and reported LR start to crawl, talk, and walk at the same age as other typically developing children and significantly earlier than other children with autism. These findings, along with other medical differences between these groups, suggest that children who experienced LR comprise a distinct subgroup within the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2197 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Language regression is associated with faster early motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Michal ILAN, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Michal FAROY, Auteur ; Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur . - p.145-156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.145-156 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  early development  language regression  motor development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Language regression (LR) is a consistent and reproducible phenomenon that is reported by ~25% of parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is controversy regarding the etiological and clinical significance of this phenomenon. Here, we examined data from a cohort of 218 children with ASD from the Negev Autism Center in Israel. We identified 36 children with ASD who were reported to exhibit clear LR by their parent on three independent occasions and compared them to 104 children whose parents did not report any concern of regression (NR). We compared a variety of key developmental characteristics across these two groups. We found that the age at which children with ASD in the LR group achieve key developmental milestones of crawling, walking, and use of first words is significantly younger than the age of children in the NR group, and comparable to the age of typically developing children. In contrast, no differences were observed in physical growth characteristics such as head circumference, weight, or height between the groups. Furthermore, almost all children with LR were born close to full term (>35 weeks) and none had a history of hypotonia. Notably, despite their apparently typical early development, children with LR were diagnosed with more severe symptoms of ASD than children with NR. These results strengthen the motivation to continue and study LR among children with ASD and suggest that early detection and intervention studies of ASD may benefit from stratifying children into LR and NR groups. Autism Res 2020, 13: 145-156. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The presence of language regression (LR) among children with autism is still a matter of scientific debate. Here, we show that children with autism and reported LR start to crawl, talk, and walk at the same age as other typically developing children and significantly earlier than other children with autism. These findings, along with other medical differences between these groups, suggest that children who experienced LR comprise a distinct subgroup within the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2197 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

ASD symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers: An examination of sex differences / Rosmary ROS-DEMARIZE in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.157-166 Titre : ASD symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers: An examination of sex differences Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rosmary ROS-DEMARIZE, Auteur ; Catherine BRADLEY, Auteur ; Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Andrea BOAN, Auteur ; Clara LAJONCHERE, Auteur ; Justine PARK, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.157-166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  restricted repetitive behaviors  screening measures  sex differences  social communication deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although considerable work has documented higher prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in boys, fewer studies have focused on sex differences within samples of young children at-risk for ASD. This study examined sex differences in ASD symptom domains and ASD screening outcomes among toddlers (18-35 months) and preschoolers (36-72 months) with ASD-related concerns. Participants included 480 children between 18 and 72 months evaluated by university-based ASD specialty clinics. Results revealed significant sex differences in severity of social communication (SC) deficits across age groups. Within the toddler group, girls diagnosed with ASD displayed greater SC deficits according to standardized observation and clinician severity ratings. Within the preschool group, girls diagnosed with ASD were rated by parents as having more severe SC deficits, but these differences were not corroborated by standardized observations or clinician ratings. No sex differences emerged for severity of restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) for either age group. Across the entire referred sample, boys and girls did not differ in terms of scores on commonly used screening instruments. Importantly, results suggest that two of the most commonly used ASD screeners (i.e., Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised with Follow-up and Social Communication Questionnaire ) may underidentify RRBs in toddler and preschool-aged girls as screening scores were only influenced by severity of SC deficits. Greater SC deficits in young girls with ASD along with its impact on screening status suggests greater attention be placed on the under-identification of ASD in girls as well as current screening measures' ability to tap into the topography of ASD symptoms across genders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 157-166. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, we found that young girls diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder tend to have greater social communication deficits than young boys and that these differences vary by age. Specifically, toddler-aged girls receive higher clinician ratings of social communication deficits when compared to boys, while preschool-aged girls receive higher parent ratings of social communication deficits. For girls, current screening tools seem to be more highly influenced by severity of social communication deficits than by restricted repetitive behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] ASD symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers: An examination of sex differences [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rosmary ROS-DEMARIZE, Auteur ; Catherine BRADLEY, Auteur ; Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Andrea BOAN, Auteur ; Clara LAJONCHERE, Auteur ; Justine PARK, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur . - p.157-166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.157-166 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  restricted repetitive behaviors  screening measures  sex differences  social communication deficits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although considerable work has documented higher prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in boys, fewer studies have focused on sex differences within samples of young children at-risk for ASD. This study examined sex differences in ASD symptom domains and ASD screening outcomes among toddlers (18-35 months) and preschoolers (36-72 months) with ASD-related concerns. Participants included 480 children between 18 and 72 months evaluated by university-based ASD specialty clinics. Results revealed significant sex differences in severity of social communication (SC) deficits across age groups. Within the toddler group, girls diagnosed with ASD displayed greater SC deficits according to standardized observation and clinician severity ratings. Within the preschool group, girls diagnosed with ASD were rated by parents as having more severe SC deficits, but these differences were not corroborated by standardized observations or clinician ratings. No sex differences emerged for severity of restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) for either age group. Across the entire referred sample, boys and girls did not differ in terms of scores on commonly used screening instruments. Importantly, results suggest that two of the most commonly used ASD screeners (i.e., Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised with Follow-up and Social Communication Questionnaire ) may underidentify RRBs in toddler and preschool-aged girls as screening scores were only influenced by severity of SC deficits. Greater SC deficits in young girls with ASD along with its impact on screening status suggests greater attention be placed on the under-identification of ASD in girls as well as current screening measures' ability to tap into the topography of ASD symptoms across genders. Autism Res 2020, 13: 157-166. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, we found that young girls diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder tend to have greater social communication deficits than young boys and that these differences vary by age. Specifically, toddler-aged girls receive higher clinician ratings of social communication deficits when compared to boys, while preschool-aged girls receive higher parent ratings of social communication deficits. For girls, current screening tools seem to be more highly influenced by severity of social communication deficits than by restricted repetitive behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot feasibility study / Christina S. MCCRAE in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.167-176 Titre : Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot feasibility study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina S. MCCRAE, Auteur ; Wai Sze CHAN, Auteur ; Ashley F. CURTIS, Auteur ; Chelsea B. DEROCHE, Auteur ; Melissa MUNOZ, Auteur ; Stephanie TAKAMATSU, Auteur ; Julie E. MUCKERMAN, Auteur ; Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Dillon MCCANN, Auteur ; Kevin MCGOVNEY, Auteur ; Pradeep SAHOTA, Auteur ; Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.167-176 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  behavior  child  cognitive behavioral therapy  insomnia  parent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insomnia is common in autism and associated with challenging behavior and worse parent sleep. Cognitive behavioral treatment for childhood insomnia (CBT-CI) is efficacious in typically developing children, but not yet tested in school-aged children with autism. This single arm pilot tested 8-session CBT-CI in 17 children with autism and insomnia (M age = 8.76 years, SD = 1.99) and their parent(s) (M age = 39.50 years, SD = 4.83). Treatment integrity was assessed for each session [delivery (by therapist), receipt (participant understanding), and enactment (home practice)]. Children and parents wore actigraphs and completed electronic diaries for 2-weeks to obtain objective and subjective sleep onset latency (SOL), total sleep/wake times (TST/TWT), and sleep efficiency (SE) at pre/post/1-month follow-up. Parents also completed the Aberrant Behavior Checklist [irritability, lethargy, stereotypy, hyperactivity, inappropriate speech (e.g., excessive/repetitive, loud self-talk)] at pre/post/1-month. Fifteen children completed all sessions. Average integrity scores were high [90%-delivery/receipt, 87.5%-enactment]. Parents found CBT-CI helpful, age-appropriate, and autism-friendly. Paired samples t-tests (family-wise error controlled) found CBT-CI improved child sleep (objective SOL-18 min, TWT- 34 min, SE-5%; subjective SOL-29 min, TST-63 min, TWT-45 min, SE-8%), and decreased irritability, lethargy, stereotypy, and hyperactivity. At 1-month, objective TST improved, inappropriate speech decreased, but hyperactivity was no longer decreased. Other gains were maintained. Parent sleep (objective SOL-12 min, TST-35 min, TWT-21 min, SE-4%; subjective SOL-11 min, TWT- 31min, SE-11%) and fatigue also improved. At 1-month, gains were maintained. This pilot shows CBT-CI is a feasible treatment that holds promise for improving child and parent sleep and functioning and suggests a randomized controlled trial in school-aged children with autism is worth conducting. Autism Res 2020, 13: 167-176. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Insomnia is common in autism and associated with challenging behaviors and poor parent sleep and stress. Cognitive behavioral treatment for childhood insomnia (CBT-CI) has not been tested in school-aged children with autism. This pilot study shows therapists, parents, and children were able to use CBT-CI to improve child and parent sleep, child behavior, and parent fatigue. Parents found CBT-CI helpful, age-appropriate, and autism-friendly. CBT-CI holds promise for treating insomnia in school-aged children with autism and deserves further testing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2204 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot feasibility study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina S. MCCRAE, Auteur ; Wai Sze CHAN, Auteur ; Ashley F. CURTIS, Auteur ; Chelsea B. DEROCHE, Auteur ; Melissa MUNOZ, Auteur ; Stephanie TAKAMATSU, Auteur ; Julie E. MUCKERMAN, Auteur ; Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Dillon MCCANN, Auteur ; Kevin MCGOVNEY, Auteur ; Pradeep SAHOTA, Auteur ; Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.167-176. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.167-176 Mots-clés : autism  behavior  child  cognitive behavioral therapy  insomnia  parent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Insomnia is common in autism and associated with challenging behavior and worse parent sleep. Cognitive behavioral treatment for childhood insomnia (CBT-CI) is efficacious in typically developing children, but not yet tested in school-aged children with autism. This single arm pilot tested 8-session CBT-CI in 17 children with autism and insomnia (M age = 8.76 years, SD = 1.99) and their parent(s) (M age = 39.50 years, SD = 4.83). Treatment integrity was assessed for each session [delivery (by therapist), receipt (participant understanding), and enactment (home practice)]. Children and parents wore actigraphs and completed electronic diaries for 2-weeks to obtain objective and subjective sleep onset latency (SOL), total sleep/wake times (TST/TWT), and sleep efficiency (SE) at pre/post/1-month follow-up. Parents also completed the Aberrant Behavior Checklist [irritability, lethargy, stereotypy, hyperactivity, inappropriate speech (e.g., excessive/repetitive, loud self-talk)] at pre/post/1-month. Fifteen children completed all sessions. Average integrity scores were high [90%-delivery/receipt, 87.5%-enactment]. Parents found CBT-CI helpful, age-appropriate, and autism-friendly. Paired samples t-tests (family-wise error controlled) found CBT-CI improved child sleep (objective SOL-18 min, TWT- 34 min, SE-5%; subjective SOL-29 min, TST-63 min, TWT-45 min, SE-8%), and decreased irritability, lethargy, stereotypy, and hyperactivity. At 1-month, objective TST improved, inappropriate speech decreased, but hyperactivity was no longer decreased. Other gains were maintained. Parent sleep (objective SOL-12 min, TST-35 min, TWT-21 min, SE-4%; subjective SOL-11 min, TWT- 31min, SE-11%) and fatigue also improved. At 1-month, gains were maintained. This pilot shows CBT-CI is a feasible treatment that holds promise for improving child and parent sleep and functioning and suggests a randomized controlled trial in school-aged children with autism is worth conducting. Autism Res 2020, 13: 167-176. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Insomnia is common in autism and associated with challenging behaviors and poor parent sleep and stress. Cognitive behavioral treatment for childhood insomnia (CBT-CI) has not been tested in school-aged children with autism. This pilot study shows therapists, parents, and children were able to use CBT-CI to improve child and parent sleep, child behavior, and parent fatigue. Parents found CBT-CI helpful, age-appropriate, and autism-friendly. CBT-CI holds promise for treating insomnia in school-aged children with autism and deserves further testing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2204 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415