Dépouillements

Editorial: Categories and dimensions: reflections on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) / Daniel Samuel PINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1221-1222 Titre : Editorial: Categories and dimensions: reflections on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1221-1222 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02485.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Editorial: Categories and dimensions: reflections on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1221-1222. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1221-1222 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02485.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Research Review: Gene–environment interaction research in youth depression – a systematic review with recommendations for future research / Erin C. DUNN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1223-1338 Titre : Research Review: Gene–environment interaction research in youth depression – a systematic review with recommendations for future research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin C. DUNN, Auteur ; Monica UDDIN, Auteur ; S.V. SUBRAMANIAN, Auteur ; Jordan W. SMOLLER, Auteur ; Sandro GALEA, Auteur ; Karestan C. KOENEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1223-1338 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression  children  adolescents  youth  gene  environment  interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Depression is a major public health problem among youth, currently estimated to affect as many as 9% of US children and adolescents. The recognition that both genes (nature) and environments (nurture) are important for understanding the etiology of depression has led to a rapid growth in research exploring gene–environment interactions (GxE). However, there has been no systematic review of GxE in youth depression to date. Methods:  The goal of this article was to systematically review evidence on the contribution of GxE to the risk of child and adolescent depression. Through a search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases to 1 April 2010, we identified 20 candidate gene–environment interaction studies focused on depression in youth (up to age 26) and compared each study in terms of the following characteristics: research design and sample studied; measure of depression and environment used; genes explored; and GxE findings in relation to these factors. Results:  In total, 80% of studies (n = 16) found at least one significant GxE association. However, there was wide variation in methods and analyses adopted across studies, especially with respect to environmental measures used and tests conducted to estimate GxE. This heterogeneity made it difficult to compare findings and evaluate the strength of the evidence for GxE. Conclusions:  The existing body of GxE research on depression in youth contains studies that are conceptually and methodologically quite different, which contributes to mixed findings and makes it difficult to assess the current state of the evidence. To decrease this heterogeneity, we offer 20 recommendations that are focused on: (a) reporting GxE research; (b) testing and reporting GxE effects; (c) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing depression; (d) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing environment; (e) increasing power to test for GxE; and (f) improving the quality of genetic data used. Although targeted to GxE research on depression, these recommendations can be adopted by GxE researchers focusing on other mental health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02466.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Research Review: Gene–environment interaction research in youth depression – a systematic review with recommendations for future research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin C. DUNN, Auteur ; Monica UDDIN, Auteur ; S.V. SUBRAMANIAN, Auteur ; Jordan W. SMOLLER, Auteur ; Sandro GALEA, Auteur ; Karestan C. KOENEN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1223-1338. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1223-1338 Mots-clés : Depression  children  adolescents  youth  gene  environment  interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Depression is a major public health problem among youth, currently estimated to affect as many as 9% of US children and adolescents. The recognition that both genes (nature) and environments (nurture) are important for understanding the etiology of depression has led to a rapid growth in research exploring gene–environment interactions (GxE). However, there has been no systematic review of GxE in youth depression to date. Methods:  The goal of this article was to systematically review evidence on the contribution of GxE to the risk of child and adolescent depression. Through a search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases to 1 April 2010, we identified 20 candidate gene–environment interaction studies focused on depression in youth (up to age 26) and compared each study in terms of the following characteristics: research design and sample studied; measure of depression and environment used; genes explored; and GxE findings in relation to these factors. Results:  In total, 80% of studies (n = 16) found at least one significant GxE association. However, there was wide variation in methods and analyses adopted across studies, especially with respect to environmental measures used and tests conducted to estimate GxE. This heterogeneity made it difficult to compare findings and evaluate the strength of the evidence for GxE. Conclusions:  The existing body of GxE research on depression in youth contains studies that are conceptually and methodologically quite different, which contributes to mixed findings and makes it difficult to assess the current state of the evidence. To decrease this heterogeneity, we offer 20 recommendations that are focused on: (a) reporting GxE research; (b) testing and reporting GxE effects; (c) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing depression; (d) conceptualizing, measuring and analyzing environment; (e) increasing power to test for GxE; and (f) improving the quality of genetic data used. Although targeted to GxE research on depression, these recommendations can be adopted by GxE researchers focusing on other mental health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02466.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Treated prevalence of and mental health services received by children and adolescents in 42 low-and-middle-income countries / Jodi MORRIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1239-1246 Titre : Treated prevalence of and mental health services received by children and adolescents in 42 low-and-middle-income countries Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jodi MORRIS, Auteur ; Myron L. BELFER, Auteur ; Amy M. DANIELS, Auteur ; Alan J. FLISHER, Auteur ; Liesbet VILLE, Auteur ; Antonio LORA, Auteur ; Shekhar SAXENA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1239-1246 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mental health services  access  treated prevalence  low- and middle-income countries Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about the treated prevalence and services received by children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics and capacity of mental health services for children and adolescents in 42 LAMICs. Methods:  The World Health Organization Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS), a 155-indicator instrument developed to assess key components of mental health service systems, was used to describe mental health services in 13 low, 24 lower-middle, and 5 upper-middle-income countries. Child and adolescent service indicators used in the analysis were drawn from Domains 2 (mental health services), 4 (human resources), and 5 (links with other sectors) of the WHO-AIMS instrument. Results:  The median one-year treated prevalence for children and adolescents is 159 per 100,000 population compared to a treated prevalence of 664 per 100,000 for the adult population. Children and adolescents make up 12% of the patient population in mental health outpatient facilities and less than 6% in all other types of mental health facilities. Less than 1% of beds in inpatient facilities are reserved for children and adolescents. Training provided for mental health professionals on child and adolescent mental health is minimal, with less than 1% receiving refresher training. Most countries (76%) organize educational campaigns on child and adolescent mental health. Conclusions:  Mental health services for children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries are extremely scarce and greatly limit access to appropriate care. Scaling up of services resources will be necessary in order to meet the objectives of the WHO Mental Health Gap Action (mhGAP) program which identifies increased services for the treatment of child mental disorders as a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02409.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Treated prevalence of and mental health services received by children and adolescents in 42 low-and-middle-income countries [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jodi MORRIS, Auteur ; Myron L. BELFER, Auteur ; Amy M. DANIELS, Auteur ; Alan J. FLISHER, Auteur ; Liesbet VILLE, Auteur ; Antonio LORA, Auteur ; Shekhar SAXENA, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1239-1246. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1239-1246 Mots-clés : Mental health services  access  treated prevalence  low- and middle-income countries Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about the treated prevalence and services received by children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics and capacity of mental health services for children and adolescents in 42 LAMICs. Methods:  The World Health Organization Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS), a 155-indicator instrument developed to assess key components of mental health service systems, was used to describe mental health services in 13 low, 24 lower-middle, and 5 upper-middle-income countries. Child and adolescent service indicators used in the analysis were drawn from Domains 2 (mental health services), 4 (human resources), and 5 (links with other sectors) of the WHO-AIMS instrument. Results:  The median one-year treated prevalence for children and adolescents is 159 per 100,000 population compared to a treated prevalence of 664 per 100,000 for the adult population. Children and adolescents make up 12% of the patient population in mental health outpatient facilities and less than 6% in all other types of mental health facilities. Less than 1% of beds in inpatient facilities are reserved for children and adolescents. Training provided for mental health professionals on child and adolescent mental health is minimal, with less than 1% receiving refresher training. Most countries (76%) organize educational campaigns on child and adolescent mental health. Conclusions:  Mental health services for children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries are extremely scarce and greatly limit access to appropriate care. Scaling up of services resources will be necessary in order to meet the objectives of the WHO Mental Health Gap Action (mhGAP) program which identifies increased services for the treatment of child mental disorders as a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02409.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Commentary: The how and what of the WHO aims of extending CAMH services in developing countries: a response to Morris et al. (2011) / Anula NIKAPOTA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1247-1248 Titre : Commentary: The how and what of the WHO aims of extending CAMH services in developing countries: a response to Morris et al. (2011) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anula NIKAPOTA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1247-1248 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02471.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Commentary: The how and what of the WHO aims of extending CAMH services in developing countries: a response to Morris et al. (2011) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anula NIKAPOTA, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1247-1248. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1247-1248 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02471.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Editorial Perspective: When OCD takes over…the family! Coercive and disruptive behaviours in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder / Eli R. LEBOWITZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1249-1250 Titre : Editorial Perspective: When OCD takes over…the family! Coercive and disruptive behaviours in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eli R. LEBOWITZ, Auteur ; Lawrence A. VITULANO, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur ; James F. LECKMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1249-1250 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02480.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Editorial Perspective: When OCD takes over…the family! Coercive and disruptive behaviours in paediatric obsessive compulsive disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eli R. LEBOWITZ, Auteur ; Lawrence A. VITULANO, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur ; James F. LECKMAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1249-1250. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1249-1250 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02480.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Developmental aspects of error and high-conflict-related brain activity in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: a fMRI study with a Flanker task before and after CBT / Chaim HUYSER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1251-1260 Titre : Developmental aspects of error and high-conflict-related brain activity in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: a fMRI study with a Flanker task before and after CBT Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chaim HUYSER, Auteur ; Dick J. VELTMAN, Auteur ; Lidewij H. WOLTERS, Auteur ; Else DE HAAN, Auteur ; Frits BOER, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1251-1260 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Heightened error and conflict monitoring are considered central mechanisms in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and are associated with anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) function. Pediatric obsessive–compulsive patients provide an opportunity to investigate the development of this area and its associations with psychopathology. Methods:  Repeated measures were carried out using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the performance of an interference task, the arrow version of the Flanker paradigm, before and after cognitive-behavioral treatment of 25 medication-free pediatric obsessive–compulsive patients compared with age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Results:  During error trials compared to correct trials, pediatric OCD patients and controls showed an interaction effect of Group × Time × Age in the ACC and insula. This effect was mainly driven by an increased activation in older OCD subjects, which was also present after treatment. During high-conflict trials compared with low-conflict trials, a Group × Time × Age interaction effect was found in bilateral insula. This effect was driven by an increase of BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal in older OCD patients before but not after treatment. In addition, a Group × Time interaction effect in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, premotor region and ACC was found. This effect was driven by an increase of BOLD signal in OCD subjects relative to controls over time. Conclusions:  Compared to healthy controls, children and adolescents with OCD show increased activation of the ACC during error responses and in bilateral insular cortex during high-conflict tasks, which is age dependent and which is only partially affected by cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Therefore, we suggest that ACC functioning is a vulnerability marker in pediatric OCD, whereas insular dysfunction may be state dependent. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02439.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Developmental aspects of error and high-conflict-related brain activity in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: a fMRI study with a Flanker task before and after CBT [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chaim HUYSER, Auteur ; Dick J. VELTMAN, Auteur ; Lidewij H. WOLTERS, Auteur ; Else DE HAAN, Auteur ; Frits BOER, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1251-1260. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1251-1260 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Heightened error and conflict monitoring are considered central mechanisms in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and are associated with anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) function. Pediatric obsessive–compulsive patients provide an opportunity to investigate the development of this area and its associations with psychopathology. Methods:  Repeated measures were carried out using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the performance of an interference task, the arrow version of the Flanker paradigm, before and after cognitive-behavioral treatment of 25 medication-free pediatric obsessive–compulsive patients compared with age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Results:  During error trials compared to correct trials, pediatric OCD patients and controls showed an interaction effect of Group × Time × Age in the ACC and insula. This effect was mainly driven by an increased activation in older OCD subjects, which was also present after treatment. During high-conflict trials compared with low-conflict trials, a Group × Time × Age interaction effect was found in bilateral insula. This effect was driven by an increase of BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) signal in older OCD patients before but not after treatment. In addition, a Group × Time interaction effect in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, premotor region and ACC was found. This effect was driven by an increase of BOLD signal in OCD subjects relative to controls over time. Conclusions:  Compared to healthy controls, children and adolescents with OCD show increased activation of the ACC during error responses and in bilateral insular cortex during high-conflict tasks, which is age dependent and which is only partially affected by cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Therefore, we suggest that ACC functioning is a vulnerability marker in pediatric OCD, whereas insular dysfunction may be state dependent. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02439.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Children with very early onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical features and treatment outcome / Eriko NAKATANI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1261-1268 Titre : Children with very early onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical features and treatment outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eriko NAKATANI, Auteur ; Georgina KREBS, Auteur ; Nadia MICALI, Auteur ; Cynthia TURNER, Auteur ; Isobel HEYMAN, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1261-1268 Note générale : Obsessive-compulsive disorder; paediatric; age at onset; early onset; cognitive behaviour therapy Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  There is emerging evidence that early onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be a phenomenologically distinct subtype of the disorder. Previous research has shown that individuals who report an early onset display greater severity and persistence of symptoms, and they may be less responsive to treatment. To date, this question has been investigated solely in adult samples. The present study represents the first investigation into the effect of age at onset of OCD on clinical characteristics and response to treatment in a paediatric sample. Method:  A total of 365 young people referred to a specialist OCD clinic were included in the study. Clinical records were used to examine potential differences in key clinical characteristics between those who had a very early onset of the disorder (before 10 years) and those who had a late onset (10 years or later). Group differences in treatment responsiveness were also examined within a subgroup that received cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) alone or CBT plus medication (n = 109). Results:  The very early onset group were characterised by a longer duration of illness, higher rates of comorbid tics, more frequent ordering and repeating compulsions and greater parent-reported psychosocial difficulties. There were no differences in treatment response between the groups, and when age at onset was examined as a continuous variable, it did not correlate with treatment response. Conclusions:  Very early onset OCD may be associated with different symptoms and comorbidities compared with late onset OCD. However, these differences do not appear to impact on responsiveness to developmentally tailored CBT alone or in combination with medication. These findings further indicate the value in early detection and treatment of OCD in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02434.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Children with very early onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical features and treatment outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eriko NAKATANI, Auteur ; Georgina KREBS, Auteur ; Nadia MICALI, Auteur ; Cynthia TURNER, Auteur ; Isobel HEYMAN, Auteur ; David MATAIX-COLS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1261-1268. Obsessive-compulsive disorder; paediatric; age at onset; early onset; cognitive behaviour therapy Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1261-1268 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  There is emerging evidence that early onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be a phenomenologically distinct subtype of the disorder. Previous research has shown that individuals who report an early onset display greater severity and persistence of symptoms, and they may be less responsive to treatment. To date, this question has been investigated solely in adult samples. The present study represents the first investigation into the effect of age at onset of OCD on clinical characteristics and response to treatment in a paediatric sample. Method:  A total of 365 young people referred to a specialist OCD clinic were included in the study. Clinical records were used to examine potential differences in key clinical characteristics between those who had a very early onset of the disorder (before 10 years) and those who had a late onset (10 years or later). Group differences in treatment responsiveness were also examined within a subgroup that received cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) alone or CBT plus medication (n = 109). Results:  The very early onset group were characterised by a longer duration of illness, higher rates of comorbid tics, more frequent ordering and repeating compulsions and greater parent-reported psychosocial difficulties. There were no differences in treatment response between the groups, and when age at onset was examined as a continuous variable, it did not correlate with treatment response. Conclusions:  Very early onset OCD may be associated with different symptoms and comorbidities compared with late onset OCD. However, these differences do not appear to impact on responsiveness to developmentally tailored CBT alone or in combination with medication. These findings further indicate the value in early detection and treatment of OCD in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02434.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Randomized controlled trial of full and brief cognitive-behaviour therapy and wait-list for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder / Derek BOLTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1269-1278 Titre : Randomized controlled trial of full and brief cognitive-behaviour therapy and wait-list for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Derek BOLTON, Auteur ; Tim WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sean PERRIN, Auteur ; Linda ATKINSON, Auteur ; Catherine GALLOP, Auteur ; Polly WAITE, Auteur ; Paul SALKOVSKIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1269-1278 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : CBT  obsessive-compulsive disorder  children  adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Reviews and practice guidelines for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) recommend cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) as the psychological treatment of choice, but note that it has not been sufficiently evaluated for children and adolescents and that more randomized controlled trials are needed. The aim of this trial was to evaluate effectiveness and optimal delivery of CBT, emphasizing cognitive interventions. Methods:  A total of 96 children and adolescents with OCD were randomly allocated to the three conditions each of approximately 12 weeks duration: full CBT (average therapist contact: 12 sessions) and brief CBT (average contact: 5 sessions, with use of therapist-guided workbooks), and wait-list/delayed treatment. The primary outcome measure was the child version of the semi-structured interviewer-based Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Clinical Trial registration: http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN/; unique identifier: ISRCTN29092580. Results:  There was statistically significant symptomatic improvement in both treatment groups compared with the wait-list group, with no significant differences in outcomes between the two treatment groups. Controlled treatment effect sizes in intention-to-treat analyses were 2.2 for full CBT and 1.6 for brief CBT. Improvements were maintained at follow-up an average of 14 weeks later. Conclusions:  The findings demonstrate the benefits of CBT emphasizing cognitive interventions for children and adolescents with OCD and suggest that relatively lower therapist intensity delivery with use of therapist-guided workbooks is an efficient mode of delivery. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02419.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Randomized controlled trial of full and brief cognitive-behaviour therapy and wait-list for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Derek BOLTON, Auteur ; Tim WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sean PERRIN, Auteur ; Linda ATKINSON, Auteur ; Catherine GALLOP, Auteur ; Polly WAITE, Auteur ; Paul SALKOVSKIS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1269-1278. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1269-1278 Mots-clés : CBT  obsessive-compulsive disorder  children  adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Reviews and practice guidelines for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) recommend cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) as the psychological treatment of choice, but note that it has not been sufficiently evaluated for children and adolescents and that more randomized controlled trials are needed. The aim of this trial was to evaluate effectiveness and optimal delivery of CBT, emphasizing cognitive interventions. Methods:  A total of 96 children and adolescents with OCD were randomly allocated to the three conditions each of approximately 12 weeks duration: full CBT (average therapist contact: 12 sessions) and brief CBT (average contact: 5 sessions, with use of therapist-guided workbooks), and wait-list/delayed treatment. The primary outcome measure was the child version of the semi-structured interviewer-based Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Clinical Trial registration: http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN/; unique identifier: ISRCTN29092580. Results:  There was statistically significant symptomatic improvement in both treatment groups compared with the wait-list group, with no significant differences in outcomes between the two treatment groups. Controlled treatment effect sizes in intention-to-treat analyses were 2.2 for full CBT and 1.6 for brief CBT. Improvements were maintained at follow-up an average of 14 weeks later. Conclusions:  The findings demonstrate the benefits of CBT emphasizing cognitive interventions for children and adolescents with OCD and suggest that relatively lower therapist intensity delivery with use of therapist-guided workbooks is an efficient mode of delivery. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02419.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Recognition of scared faces and the serotonin transporter gene in young children: the Generation R Study / Eszter SZEKELY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1279-1286 Titre : Recognition of scared faces and the serotonin transporter gene in young children: the Generation R Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eszter SZEKELY, Auteur ; Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Pascal P. ARP, Auteur ; André G. UITTERLINDEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; James J. HUDZIAK, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1279-1286 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Serotonin transporter gene  emotion processing  facial expression  fear  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Previous research highlights the significance of a functional polymorphism located in the promoter region (5-HTTLPR) of the serotonin transporter gene in emotional behaviour. This study examined the effect of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on emotion processing in a large number of healthy preschoolers. Methods:  The 5-HTTLPR genotype was classified in 605 children as homozygous for the short allele (SS), homozygous for the long allele (LL), or heterozygous (LS). Emotion-processing was assessed using age-appropriate computer tasks where children matched happy, sad, angry, and fearful facial expressions preceded by a shape-matching task to assess basic matching ability. Results:  We found that young children could differentiate between emotion categories (F = 12.1, p < .001). The effect of 5-HTTLPR genotype depended on the emotion category presented (F = 2.3, p = .031). This effect was explained by the finding that SS children were less accurate at recognising fearful faces than LL or LS children (F = 5.3, p = .005). We did not find any significant differences as a result of 5-HTTLPR genotype for happy, sad or angry expressions (p > .05). Conclusions:  Results indicate that 5-HTTLPR allele status selectively impacts the processing of fearful but not other facial expressions. This pattern is already apparent in very young typically developing children. Results may signal an early vulnerability for affective problems before disorders emerge. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02423.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146 [article] Recognition of scared faces and the serotonin transporter gene in young children: the Generation R Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eszter SZEKELY, Auteur ; Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Pascal P. ARP, Auteur ; André G. UITTERLINDEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; James J. HUDZIAK, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1279-1286. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1279-1286 Mots-clés : Serotonin transporter gene  emotion processing  facial expression  fear  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Previous research highlights the significance of a functional polymorphism located in the promoter region (5-HTTLPR) of the serotonin transporter gene in emotional behaviour. This study examined the effect of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on emotion processing in a large number of healthy preschoolers. Methods:  The 5-HTTLPR genotype was classified in 605 children as homozygous for the short allele (SS), homozygous for the long allele (LL), or heterozygous (LS). Emotion-processing was assessed using age-appropriate computer tasks where children matched happy, sad, angry, and fearful facial expressions preceded by a shape-matching task to assess basic matching ability. Results:  We found that young children could differentiate between emotion categories (F = 12.1, p < .001). The effect of 5-HTTLPR genotype depended on the emotion category presented (F = 2.3, p = .031). This effect was explained by the finding that SS children were less accurate at recognising fearful faces than LL or LS children (F = 5.3, p = .005). We did not find any significant differences as a result of 5-HTTLPR genotype for happy, sad or angry expressions (p > .05). Conclusions:  Results indicate that 5-HTTLPR allele status selectively impacts the processing of fearful but not other facial expressions. This pattern is already apparent in very young typically developing children. Results may signal an early vulnerability for affective problems before disorders emerge. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02423.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=146

Effects of DTNBP1 genotype on brain development in children / Stefania TOGNIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1287-1294 Titre : Effects of DTNBP1 genotype on brain development in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stefania TOGNIN, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Lauren J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Philip MCGUIRE, Auteur ; Andrea MECHELLI, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1287-1294 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and risk genes are thought to act through disruption of brain development. Several genetic studies have identified dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 (DTNBP1, also known as dysbindin) as a potential susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, but its impact on brain development is poorly understood. The present investigation examined for the first time the effects of DTNBP1 on brain structure in children. Our hypothesis was that a genetic variation in DTNBP1 (i.e., the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2619538) would be associated with differences in both gray and white matter brain regions previously implicated in schizophrenia. Methods:  Magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry were used to examine brain structure in 52 male children aged between 10 and 12 years. Statistical inferences on the effects of DTNBP1 genotype on gray and white matter volume (GMV and WMV) were made at p < .05 after family-wise error correction for multiple comparisons across the whole brain. Results:  Individuals homozygous for the schizophrenia high-risk allele (AA) compared with those homozygous for the low-risk allele (TT) expressed reduced GMV in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and reduced WMV in the left medial frontal area. Conclusions:  Our results suggest that genetic variation in DTNBP1 is associated with differences in gray and white matter; and that these effects are already evident in children as young as 10–12 years. These findings are consistent with the notion that the DTNBP1 genotype influences brain development and may thereby modulate vulnerability to schizophrenia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02427.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 [article] Effects of DTNBP1 genotype on brain development in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stefania TOGNIN, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Lauren J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Philip MCGUIRE, Auteur ; Andrea MECHELLI, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1287-1294. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1287-1294 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and risk genes are thought to act through disruption of brain development. Several genetic studies have identified dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 (DTNBP1, also known as dysbindin) as a potential susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, but its impact on brain development is poorly understood. The present investigation examined for the first time the effects of DTNBP1 on brain structure in children. Our hypothesis was that a genetic variation in DTNBP1 (i.e., the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2619538) would be associated with differences in both gray and white matter brain regions previously implicated in schizophrenia. Methods:  Magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry were used to examine brain structure in 52 male children aged between 10 and 12 years. Statistical inferences on the effects of DTNBP1 genotype on gray and white matter volume (GMV and WMV) were made at p < .05 after family-wise error correction for multiple comparisons across the whole brain. Results:  Individuals homozygous for the schizophrenia high-risk allele (AA) compared with those homozygous for the low-risk allele (TT) expressed reduced GMV in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and reduced WMV in the left medial frontal area. Conclusions:  Our results suggest that genetic variation in DTNBP1 is associated with differences in gray and white matter; and that these effects are already evident in children as young as 10–12 years. These findings are consistent with the notion that the DTNBP1 genotype influences brain development and may thereby modulate vulnerability to schizophrenia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02427.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147

Dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytonergic candidate genes associated with infant attachment security and disorganization? In search of main and interaction effects / Maartje P.C.M. LUIJK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1295-1307 Titre : Dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytonergic candidate genes associated with infant attachment security and disorganization? In search of main and interaction effects Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maartje P.C.M. LUIJK, Auteur ; Glenn I. ROISMAN, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur ; Cathryn BOOTH-LAFORCE, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Jay BELSKY, Auteur ; André G. UITTERLINDEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Anne THARNER, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1295-1307 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment  Strange Situation Procedure  candidate genes  parenting  sensitivity  G × E Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and methods:  In two birth cohort studies with genetic, sensitive parenting, and attachment data of more than 1,000 infants in total, we tested main and interaction effects of candidate genes involved in the dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin systems (DRD4, DRD2, COMT, 5-HTT, OXTR) on attachment security and disorganization. Parenting was assessed using observational rating scales for parental sensitivity (Ainsworth, Bell, & Stayton, 1974), and infant attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure. Results:  We found no consistent additive genetic associations for attachment security and attachment disorganization. However, specific tests revealed evidence for a codominant risk model for COMT Val158Met, consistent across both samples. Children with the Val/Met genotype showed higher disorganization scores (combined effect size d = .22, CI = .10–.34, p < .001). Gene-by-environment interaction effects were not replicable across the two samples. Conclusions:  This unexpected finding might be explained by a broader range of plasticity in heterozygotes, which may increase susceptibility to environmental influences or to dysregulation of emotional arousal. This study is unique in combining the two largest attachment cohorts with molecular genetic and observed rearing environment data to date. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02440.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 [article] Dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytonergic candidate genes associated with infant attachment security and disorganization? In search of main and interaction effects [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maartje P.C.M. LUIJK, Auteur ; Glenn I. ROISMAN, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Henning TIEMEIER, Auteur ; Cathryn BOOTH-LAFORCE, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Jay BELSKY, Auteur ; André G. UITTERLINDEN, Auteur ; Vincent W.V. JADDOE, Auteur ; Albert HOFMAN, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Anne THARNER, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1295-1307. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1295-1307 Mots-clés : Attachment  Strange Situation Procedure  candidate genes  parenting  sensitivity  G × E Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background and methods:  In two birth cohort studies with genetic, sensitive parenting, and attachment data of more than 1,000 infants in total, we tested main and interaction effects of candidate genes involved in the dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin systems (DRD4, DRD2, COMT, 5-HTT, OXTR) on attachment security and disorganization. Parenting was assessed using observational rating scales for parental sensitivity (Ainsworth, Bell, & Stayton, 1974), and infant attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure. Results:  We found no consistent additive genetic associations for attachment security and attachment disorganization. However, specific tests revealed evidence for a codominant risk model for COMT Val158Met, consistent across both samples. Children with the Val/Met genotype showed higher disorganization scores (combined effect size d = .22, CI = .10–.34, p < .001). Gene-by-environment interaction effects were not replicable across the two samples. Conclusions:  This unexpected finding might be explained by a broader range of plasticity in heterozygotes, which may increase susceptibility to environmental influences or to dysregulation of emotional arousal. This study is unique in combining the two largest attachment cohorts with molecular genetic and observed rearing environment data to date. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02440.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147

Do callous-unemotional traits moderate the relative importance of parental coercion versus warmth in child conduct problems? An observational study / Dave PASALICH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-12 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1308-1315 Titre : Do callous-unemotional traits moderate the relative importance of parental coercion versus warmth in child conduct problems? An observational study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dave PASALICH, Auteur ; Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; David J. HAWES, Auteur ; John BRENNAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1308-1315 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional  conduct problems  coercion  warmth  parent–child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Research suggests that parenting has little influence on the development of antisocial behavior in children with callous-unemotional (CU) traits. We aimed to extend and improve on prior studies examining the moderating role of CU traits on associations between parenting and conduct problems, by using independent observations of two key dimensions of parenting: coercion and warmth. Methods:  The participants included clinic-referred conduct-disordered boys (4–12 years; N = 95) and their families. Coercive parenting was coded from observations of family interaction and parental warmth was coded from Five-Minute Speech Samples. CU traits and conduct problems were rated by multiple informants. Results:  In both mothers and fathers, CU traits moderated links between observed parenting and conduct problems. Specifically, coercive parenting was more strongly positively associated with conduct problems in boys with lower levels of CU traits, whereas parental warmth was more strongly negatively associated with conduct problems in boys with higher levels of CU traits. Conclusions:  These findings suggest that different dimensions of parenting may need to be targeted in the treatment of early onset conduct problems in children high and low on CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02435.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147 [article] Do callous-unemotional traits moderate the relative importance of parental coercion versus warmth in child conduct problems? An observational study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dave PASALICH, Auteur ; Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; David J. HAWES, Auteur ; John BRENNAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1308-1315. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-12 (December 2011) . - p.1308-1315 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional  conduct problems  coercion  warmth  parent–child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Research suggests that parenting has little influence on the development of antisocial behavior in children with callous-unemotional (CU) traits. We aimed to extend and improve on prior studies examining the moderating role of CU traits on associations between parenting and conduct problems, by using independent observations of two key dimensions of parenting: coercion and warmth. Methods:  The participants included clinic-referred conduct-disordered boys (4–12 years; N = 95) and their families. Coercive parenting was coded from observations of family interaction and parental warmth was coded from Five-Minute Speech Samples. CU traits and conduct problems were rated by multiple informants. Results:  In both mothers and fathers, CU traits moderated links between observed parenting and conduct problems. Specifically, coercive parenting was more strongly positively associated with conduct problems in boys with lower levels of CU traits, whereas parental warmth was more strongly negatively associated with conduct problems in boys with higher levels of CU traits. Conclusions:  These findings suggest that different dimensions of parenting may need to be targeted in the treatment of early onset conduct problems in children high and low on CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02435.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=147