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Auteur M. H. JOHNSON |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (23)
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Latent trajectories of adaptive behaviour in infants at high and low familial risk for autism spectrum disorder / G. BUSSU in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)
[article]
Titre : Latent trajectories of adaptive behaviour in infants at high and low familial risk for autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. BUSSU, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : 13 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptive behaviour Autism Infant siblings Subgroups Trajectories Central NREC (approval codes 06/MRE02/73, 08/H0718/76), and one or both parents gave informed consent to participate in the study.Not applicable.JKB has been a consultant to/member of, an advisory board of, and/or a speaker for Janssen Cilag BV, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Shire, Roche, Novartis, Medice, and Servier. He is neither an employee nor a stock shareholder of any of these companies. TC has received research grant support from the Medical Research Council (UK), the National Institute of Health Research, Horizon 2020 and the Innovative Medicines Initiative (both European Commission), MQ, Autistica, FP7 (European Commission), the Charles Hawkins Fund, and the Waterloo Foundation. He has served as a consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. He has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The present work is unrelated to these relationships. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by persisting difficulties in everyday functioning. Adaptive behaviour is heterogeneous across individuals with ASD, and it is not clear to what extent early development of adaptive behaviour relates to ASD outcome in toddlerhood. This study aims to identify subgroups of infants based on early development of adaptive skills and investigate their association with later ASD outcome. Methods: Adaptive behaviour was assessed on infants at high (n = 166) and low (n = 74) familial risk for ASD between 8 and 36 months using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-II). The four domains of VABS-II were modelled in parallel using growth mixture modelling to identify distinct classes of infants based on adaptive behaviour. Then, we associated class membership with clinical outcome and ASD symptoms at 36 months and longitudinal measures of cognitive development. Results: We observed three classes characterised by decreasing trajectories below age-appropriate norms (8.3%), stable trajectories around age-appropriate norms (73.8%), and increasing trajectories reaching average scores by age 2 (17.9%). Infants with declining adaptive behaviour had a higher risk (odds ratio (OR) = 4.40; confidence interval (CI) 1.90; 12.98) for ASD and higher parent-reported symptoms in the social, communication, and repetitive behaviour domains at 36 months. Furthermore, there was a discrepancy between adaptive and cognitive functioning as the class with improving adaptive skills showed stable cognitive development around average scores. Conclusions: Findings confirm the heterogeneity of trajectories of adaptive functioning in infancy, with a higher risk for ASD in toddlerhood linked to a plateau in the development of adaptive functioning after the first year of life. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0264-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389
in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 13 p.[article] Latent trajectories of adaptive behaviour in infants at high and low familial risk for autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. BUSSU, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur . - 13 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 10 (2019) . - 13 p.
Mots-clés : Adaptive behaviour Autism Infant siblings Subgroups Trajectories Central NREC (approval codes 06/MRE02/73, 08/H0718/76), and one or both parents gave informed consent to participate in the study.Not applicable.JKB has been a consultant to/member of, an advisory board of, and/or a speaker for Janssen Cilag BV, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Shire, Roche, Novartis, Medice, and Servier. He is neither an employee nor a stock shareholder of any of these companies. TC has received research grant support from the Medical Research Council (UK), the National Institute of Health Research, Horizon 2020 and the Innovative Medicines Initiative (both European Commission), MQ, Autistica, FP7 (European Commission), the Charles Hawkins Fund, and the Waterloo Foundation. He has served as a consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. He has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The present work is unrelated to these relationships. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by persisting difficulties in everyday functioning. Adaptive behaviour is heterogeneous across individuals with ASD, and it is not clear to what extent early development of adaptive behaviour relates to ASD outcome in toddlerhood. This study aims to identify subgroups of infants based on early development of adaptive skills and investigate their association with later ASD outcome. Methods: Adaptive behaviour was assessed on infants at high (n = 166) and low (n = 74) familial risk for ASD between 8 and 36 months using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-II). The four domains of VABS-II were modelled in parallel using growth mixture modelling to identify distinct classes of infants based on adaptive behaviour. Then, we associated class membership with clinical outcome and ASD symptoms at 36 months and longitudinal measures of cognitive development. Results: We observed three classes characterised by decreasing trajectories below age-appropriate norms (8.3%), stable trajectories around age-appropriate norms (73.8%), and increasing trajectories reaching average scores by age 2 (17.9%). Infants with declining adaptive behaviour had a higher risk (odds ratio (OR) = 4.40; confidence interval (CI) 1.90; 12.98) for ASD and higher parent-reported symptoms in the social, communication, and repetitive behaviour domains at 36 months. Furthermore, there was a discrepancy between adaptive and cognitive functioning as the class with improving adaptive skills showed stable cognitive development around average scores. Conclusions: Findings confirm the heterogeneity of trajectories of adaptive functioning in infancy, with a higher risk for ASD in toddlerhood linked to a plateau in the development of adaptive functioning after the first year of life. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-019-0264-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389 Neurocognitive and observational markers: prediction of autism spectrum disorder from infancy to mid-childhood / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : Neurocognitive and observational markers: prediction of autism spectrum disorder from infancy to mid-childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; M. ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 49p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Diagnosis High risk Infants Neurocognitive Prediction Siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prospective studies of infants at high familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have identified a number of putative early markers that are associated with ASD outcome at 3 years of age. However, some diagnostic changes occur between toddlerhood and mid-childhood, which raises the question of whether infant markers remain associated with diagnosis into mid-childhood. METHODS: First, we tested whether infant neurocognitive markers (7-month neural response to eye gaze shifts and 14-month visual disengagement latencies) as well as an observational marker of emerging ASD behaviours (the Autism Observation Scale for Infants; AOSI) predicted ASD outcome in high-risk (HR) 7-year-olds with and without an ASD diagnosis (HR-ASD and HR-No ASD) and low risk (LR) controls. Second, we tested whether the neurocognitive markers offer predictive power over and above the AOSI. RESULTS: Both neurocognitive markers distinguished children with an ASD diagnosis at 7 years of age from those in the HR-No ASD and LR groups. Exploratory analysis suggested that neurocognitive markers may further differentiate stable versus lost/late diagnosis across the 3 to 7 year period, which will need to be tested in larger samples. At both 7 and 14 months, combining the neurocognitive marker with the AOSI offered a significantly improved model fit over the AOSI alone. CONCLUSIONS: Infant neurocognitive markers relate to ASD in mid-childhood, improving predictive power over and above an early observational marker. The findings have implications for understanding the neurodevelopmental mechanisms that lead from risk to disorder and for identification of potential targets of pre-emptive intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0167-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 49p.[article] Neurocognitive and observational markers: prediction of autism spectrum disorder from infancy to mid-childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; M. ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur . - 49p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 49p.
Mots-clés : Autism Diagnosis High risk Infants Neurocognitive Prediction Siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prospective studies of infants at high familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have identified a number of putative early markers that are associated with ASD outcome at 3 years of age. However, some diagnostic changes occur between toddlerhood and mid-childhood, which raises the question of whether infant markers remain associated with diagnosis into mid-childhood. METHODS: First, we tested whether infant neurocognitive markers (7-month neural response to eye gaze shifts and 14-month visual disengagement latencies) as well as an observational marker of emerging ASD behaviours (the Autism Observation Scale for Infants; AOSI) predicted ASD outcome in high-risk (HR) 7-year-olds with and without an ASD diagnosis (HR-ASD and HR-No ASD) and low risk (LR) controls. Second, we tested whether the neurocognitive markers offer predictive power over and above the AOSI. RESULTS: Both neurocognitive markers distinguished children with an ASD diagnosis at 7 years of age from those in the HR-No ASD and LR groups. Exploratory analysis suggested that neurocognitive markers may further differentiate stable versus lost/late diagnosis across the 3 to 7 year period, which will need to be tested in larger samples. At both 7 and 14 months, combining the neurocognitive marker with the AOSI offered a significantly improved model fit over the AOSI alone. CONCLUSIONS: Infant neurocognitive markers relate to ASD in mid-childhood, improving predictive power over and above an early observational marker. The findings have implications for understanding the neurodevelopmental mechanisms that lead from risk to disorder and for identification of potential targets of pre-emptive intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0167-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329 Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis / G. BUSSU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-7 (July 2018)
[article]
Titre : Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. BUSSU, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2418-2433 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Data integration Early prediction High-risk Individual prediction Longitudinal study Machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We integrated multiple behavioural and developmental measures from multiple time-points using machine learning to improve early prediction of individual Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) outcome. We examined Mullen Scales of Early Learning, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and early ASD symptoms between 8 and 36 months in high-risk siblings (HR; n = 161) and low-risk controls (LR; n = 71). Longitudinally, LR and HR-Typical showed higher developmental level and functioning, and fewer ASD symptoms than HR-Atypical and HR-ASD. At 8 months, machine learning classified HR-ASD at chance level, and broader atypical development with 69.2% Area Under the Curve (AUC). At 14 months, ASD and broader atypical development were classified with approximately 71% AUC. Thus, prediction of ASD was only possible with moderate accuracy at 14 months. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3509-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-7 (July 2018) . - p.2418-2433[article] Prediction of Autism at 3 Years from Behavioural and Developmental Measures in High-Risk Infants: A Longitudinal Cross-Domain Classifier Analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. BUSSU, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur . - p.2418-2433.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-7 (July 2018) . - p.2418-2433
Mots-clés : Autism Data integration Early prediction High-risk Individual prediction Longitudinal study Machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We integrated multiple behavioural and developmental measures from multiple time-points using machine learning to improve early prediction of individual Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) outcome. We examined Mullen Scales of Early Learning, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and early ASD symptoms between 8 and 36 months in high-risk siblings (HR; n = 161) and low-risk controls (LR; n = 71). Longitudinally, LR and HR-Typical showed higher developmental level and functioning, and fewer ASD symptoms than HR-Atypical and HR-ASD. At 8 months, machine learning classified HR-ASD at chance level, and broader atypical development with 69.2% Area Under the Curve (AUC). At 14 months, ASD and broader atypical development were classified with approximately 71% AUC. Thus, prediction of ASD was only possible with moderate accuracy at 14 months. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3509-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 Preference for biological motion is reduced in ASD: implications for clinical trials and the search for biomarkers / L. MASON in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)
[article]
Titre : Preference for biological motion is reduced in ASD: implications for clinical trials and the search for biomarkers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. MASON, Auteur ; F. SHIC, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; E. LOTH, Auteur ; J. TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; S. DURSTON, Auteur ; B. ORANJE, Auteur ; A. M. PERSICO, Auteur ; C. BECKMANN, Auteur ; T. BOUGERON, Auteur ; F. DELL'ACQUA, Auteur ; C. ECKER, Auteur ; C. MOESSNANG, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : 74 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Biological motion Biomarker Development Eye tracking in the last 3 years acted as an author, consultant or lecturer for Medice and Roche. He receives royalties for text books and diagnostic tools from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and UTB. JB has been in the past 3 years a consultant to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Takeda/Shire, Roche, Medice, Angelini, Janssen and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain unclear. Progress has been largely hampered by small sample sizes, variable age ranges and resulting inconsistent findings. There is a pressing need for large definitive studies to delineate the nature and extent of key case/control differences to direct research towards fruitful areas for future investigation. Here we focus on perception of biological motion, a promising index of social brain function which may be altered in ASD. In a large sample ranging from childhood to adulthood, we assess whether biological motion preference differs in ASD compared to neurotypical participants (NT), how differences are modulated by age and sex and whether they are associated with dimensional variation in concurrent or later symptomatology. METHODS: Eye-tracking data were collected from 486 6-to-30-year-old autistic (N?=?282) and non-autistic control (N?=?204) participants whilst they viewed 28 trials pairing biological (BM) and control (non-biological, CTRL) motion. Preference for the biological motion stimulus was calculated as (1) proportion looking time difference (BM-CTRL) and (2) peak look duration difference (BM-CTRL). RESULTS: The ASD group showed a present but weaker preference for biological motion than the NT group. The nature of the control stimulus modulated preference for biological motion in both groups. Biological motion preference did not vary with age, gender, or concurrent or prospective social communicative skill within the ASD group, although a lack of clear preference for either stimulus was associated with higher social-communicative symptoms at baseline. LIMITATIONS: The paired visual preference we used may underestimate preference for a stimulus in younger and lower IQ individuals. Our ASD group had a lower average IQ by approximately seven points. 18% of our sample was not analysed for various technical and behavioural reasons. CONCLUSIONS: Biological motion preference elicits small-to-medium-sized case-control effects, but individual differences do not strongly relate to core social autism associated symptomatology. We interpret this as an autistic difference (as opposed to a deficit) likely manifest in social brain regions. The extent to which this is an innate difference present from birth and central to the autistic phenotype, or the consequence of a life lived with ASD, is unclear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00476-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 74 p.[article] Preference for biological motion is reduced in ASD: implications for clinical trials and the search for biomarkers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. MASON, Auteur ; F. SHIC, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; E. LOTH, Auteur ; J. TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; S. DURSTON, Auteur ; B. ORANJE, Auteur ; A. M. PERSICO, Auteur ; C. BECKMANN, Auteur ; T. BOUGERON, Auteur ; F. DELL'ACQUA, Auteur ; C. ECKER, Auteur ; C. MOESSNANG, Auteur ; D. MURPHY, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur . - 74 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 74 p.
Mots-clés : Autism Biological motion Biomarker Development Eye tracking in the last 3 years acted as an author, consultant or lecturer for Medice and Roche. He receives royalties for text books and diagnostic tools from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and UTB. JB has been in the past 3 years a consultant to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Takeda/Shire, Roche, Medice, Angelini, Janssen and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain unclear. Progress has been largely hampered by small sample sizes, variable age ranges and resulting inconsistent findings. There is a pressing need for large definitive studies to delineate the nature and extent of key case/control differences to direct research towards fruitful areas for future investigation. Here we focus on perception of biological motion, a promising index of social brain function which may be altered in ASD. In a large sample ranging from childhood to adulthood, we assess whether biological motion preference differs in ASD compared to neurotypical participants (NT), how differences are modulated by age and sex and whether they are associated with dimensional variation in concurrent or later symptomatology. METHODS: Eye-tracking data were collected from 486 6-to-30-year-old autistic (N?=?282) and non-autistic control (N?=?204) participants whilst they viewed 28 trials pairing biological (BM) and control (non-biological, CTRL) motion. Preference for the biological motion stimulus was calculated as (1) proportion looking time difference (BM-CTRL) and (2) peak look duration difference (BM-CTRL). RESULTS: The ASD group showed a present but weaker preference for biological motion than the NT group. The nature of the control stimulus modulated preference for biological motion in both groups. Biological motion preference did not vary with age, gender, or concurrent or prospective social communicative skill within the ASD group, although a lack of clear preference for either stimulus was associated with higher social-communicative symptoms at baseline. LIMITATIONS: The paired visual preference we used may underestimate preference for a stimulus in younger and lower IQ individuals. Our ASD group had a lower average IQ by approximately seven points. 18% of our sample was not analysed for various technical and behavioural reasons. CONCLUSIONS: Biological motion preference elicits small-to-medium-sized case-control effects, but individual differences do not strongly relate to core social autism associated symptomatology. We interpret this as an autistic difference (as opposed to a deficit) likely manifest in social brain regions. The extent to which this is an innate difference present from birth and central to the autistic phenotype, or the consequence of a life lived with ASD, is unclear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00476-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 21p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Siblings Surveys and Questionnaires Video Recording Autism Differential liability High risk Infants Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p.[article] Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur . - 21p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p.
Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Humans Infant Male Phenotype Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Sex Factors Siblings Surveys and Questionnaires Video Recording Autism Differential liability High risk Infants Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 Temperament as an Early Risk Marker for Autism Spectrum Disorders? A Longitudinal Study of High-Risk and Low-Risk Infants / M. K. J. PIJL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-5 (May 2019)
PermalinkThe EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): clinical characterisation / Tony CHARMAN in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
PermalinkThe EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): design and methodologies to identify and validate stratification biomarkers for autism spectrum disorders / E. LOTH in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
Permalink