Centre d'Information et de documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes
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Mention de date : April 2016
Paru le : 01/04/2016 |
[n° ou bulletin]
[n° ou bulletin]
57-4 - April 2016 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2016. Langues : Anglais (eng)
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Dépouillements
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierExecutive functioning – a key construct for understanding developmental psychopathology or a ‘catch-all’ term in need of some rethinking? / Jeffrey M. HALPERIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Executive functioning – a key construct for understanding developmental psychopathology or a ‘catch-all’ term in need of some rethinking? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeffrey M. HALPERIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.443-445 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the past few decades, the role of executive functions in developmental psychopathology has been the focus of considerable research and a feature of conceptual models for a range of conditions including, but not limited to, ADHD, autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, learning disorders, and aggression/conduct problems. Consistent with its prominence throughout the field, executive functioning plays a central role in approximately a third of the papers in this issue of JCPP, and notably, with foci largely on different conditions. These papers, all of which make valuable contributions to the field, propose or test the possibility of a causal role for executive functions in the emergence of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12551 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.443-445[article] Executive functioning – a key construct for understanding developmental psychopathology or a ‘catch-all’ term in need of some rethinking? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeffrey M. HALPERIN, Auteur . - p.443-445.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.443-445
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : For the past few decades, the role of executive functions in developmental psychopathology has been the focus of considerable research and a feature of conceptual models for a range of conditions including, but not limited to, ADHD, autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, learning disorders, and aggression/conduct problems. Consistent with its prominence throughout the field, executive functioning plays a central role in approximately a third of the papers in this issue of JCPP, and notably, with foci largely on different conditions. These papers, all of which make valuable contributions to the field, propose or test the possibility of a causal role for executive functions in the emergence of psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12551 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Research Review: Do motor deficits during development represent an endophenotype for schizophrenia? A meta-analysis / Birgitte K. BURTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Research Review: Do motor deficits during development represent an endophenotype for schizophrenia? A meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Birgitte K. BURTON, Auteur ; Carsten HJORTHØJ, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Anne THORUP, Auteur ; Merete NORDENTOFT, Auteur ; Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.446-456 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Motor function endophenotype early detection first-degree relatives schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early detection of schizophrenia risk is a critical goal in the field. Endophenotypes in children to relatives of affected individuals may contribute to this early detection. One of the lowest cost and longest theorized domains is motor development in children. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted comparing individuals ?21 years old with affected first-degree relatives (FDR) with (1) individuals from unaffected families (controls), or (2) individuals with FDR having other psychiatric disorders. Studies were classified by motor outcome and separate meta-analyses were performed across six correlated domains, with available N varying by domain. Results Inclusion criteria were met by k = 23 independent studies with a total N = 18,582, and N across domains varying from 167 to 8619. The youth from affected families had delays in gross and fine motor development in infancy (k = 3, n = 167, Hedges'g = 0.644, confidence intervals (CI) = [0.328, 0.960], p < .001), walking milestones (k = 3, n = 608, g = 0.444, CI = [0.108, 0.780], p = .01), coordination (k = 8, n = 8619, g = 0.625, CI = [0.453, 0.797], p < .0001), and had more abnormal movements such as involuntary movements (k = 6, n = 8365, g = 0.291, CI = [0.041, 0.542], p = .02) compared with controls. However, not all effects survived correction for publication bias. Effects for neurological soft signs were small and not reliably different from zero (k = 4, n = 548, g = 0.238, CI = [?0.106, 0.583], p = .18). When comparing the FDR group to youth from families with other psychiatric disorders, the FDR group was distinguished by poorer gross and fine motor skills (k = 2, n = 275, g = 0.847, CI = [0.393, 1.300], p < .001). Conclusions Motor deficits during development likely represent an endophenotype for schizophrenia, although its specificity is limited in relation to other serious mental disorders. It holds promise as a low cost domain for early risk detection, although it will have to be combined with other indicators to achieve clinically usable prediction accuracy. Impaired coordination was the most robust result with a moderate effect size and lack of heterogeneity and publication bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12479 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.446-456[article] Research Review: Do motor deficits during development represent an endophenotype for schizophrenia? A meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Birgitte K. BURTON, Auteur ; Carsten HJORTHØJ, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Anne THORUP, Auteur ; Merete NORDENTOFT, Auteur ; Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur . - p.446-456.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.446-456
Mots-clés : Motor function endophenotype early detection first-degree relatives schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early detection of schizophrenia risk is a critical goal in the field. Endophenotypes in children to relatives of affected individuals may contribute to this early detection. One of the lowest cost and longest theorized domains is motor development in children. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted comparing individuals ?21 years old with affected first-degree relatives (FDR) with (1) individuals from unaffected families (controls), or (2) individuals with FDR having other psychiatric disorders. Studies were classified by motor outcome and separate meta-analyses were performed across six correlated domains, with available N varying by domain. Results Inclusion criteria were met by k = 23 independent studies with a total N = 18,582, and N across domains varying from 167 to 8619. The youth from affected families had delays in gross and fine motor development in infancy (k = 3, n = 167, Hedges'g = 0.644, confidence intervals (CI) = [0.328, 0.960], p < .001), walking milestones (k = 3, n = 608, g = 0.444, CI = [0.108, 0.780], p = .01), coordination (k = 8, n = 8619, g = 0.625, CI = [0.453, 0.797], p < .0001), and had more abnormal movements such as involuntary movements (k = 6, n = 8365, g = 0.291, CI = [0.041, 0.542], p = .02) compared with controls. However, not all effects survived correction for publication bias. Effects for neurological soft signs were small and not reliably different from zero (k = 4, n = 548, g = 0.238, CI = [?0.106, 0.583], p = .18). When comparing the FDR group to youth from families with other psychiatric disorders, the FDR group was distinguished by poorer gross and fine motor skills (k = 2, n = 275, g = 0.847, CI = [0.393, 1.300], p < .001). Conclusions Motor deficits during development likely represent an endophenotype for schizophrenia, although its specificity is limited in relation to other serious mental disorders. It holds promise as a low cost domain for early risk detection, although it will have to be combined with other indicators to achieve clinically usable prediction accuracy. Impaired coordination was the most robust result with a moderate effect size and lack of heterogeneity and publication bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12479 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Editorial Perspective: How to optimise frequency band neurofeedback for ADHD / Annet BLUSCHKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Editorial Perspective: How to optimise frequency band neurofeedback for ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Annet BLUSCHKE, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.457-461 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD cognitive deficits neurofeedback treatment optimisation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent paediatric neuropsychiatric disorders and is characterised by hyperactivity, inattention and increased impulsivity. Children with ADHD are often also characterised by deficits in a variety of cognitive domains, including problems in working memory, a generally slower and more variable style of information processing and deficits in temporal processing, inhibitory functions and delay processing. Overarching executive functions like information updating, response inhibition and mental set shifting are also impaired in many, but not all, children with ADHD, demonstrating the neuropsychological heterogeneity characterising this disorder. Deficits in executive functions can persist into adulthood and have a substantial negative impact on everyday life. A variety of approaches are commonly considered for the treatment of ADHD (including pharmacological interventions, patient-centred cognitive-behavioural therapy approaches and specific teacher/parent training programmes). More recently, adding to this multimodal treatment approach, neurofeedback has grown in popularity as an intervention option for patients with ADHD. This article considers this intervention approach and the opportunities for optimising treatment for executive control dysfunctions in ADHD using theta/beta neurofeedback. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12521 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.457-461[article] Editorial Perspective: How to optimise frequency band neurofeedback for ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Annet BLUSCHKE, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur . - p.457-461.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.457-461
Mots-clés : ADHD cognitive deficits neurofeedback treatment optimisation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent paediatric neuropsychiatric disorders and is characterised by hyperactivity, inattention and increased impulsivity. Children with ADHD are often also characterised by deficits in a variety of cognitive domains, including problems in working memory, a generally slower and more variable style of information processing and deficits in temporal processing, inhibitory functions and delay processing. Overarching executive functions like information updating, response inhibition and mental set shifting are also impaired in many, but not all, children with ADHD, demonstrating the neuropsychological heterogeneity characterising this disorder. Deficits in executive functions can persist into adulthood and have a substantial negative impact on everyday life. A variety of approaches are commonly considered for the treatment of ADHD (including pharmacological interventions, patient-centred cognitive-behavioural therapy approaches and specific teacher/parent training programmes). More recently, adding to this multimodal treatment approach, neurofeedback has grown in popularity as an intervention option for patients with ADHD. This article considers this intervention approach and the opportunities for optimising treatment for executive control dysfunctions in ADHD using theta/beta neurofeedback. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12521 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Extending the ‘cross-disorder’ relevance of executive functions to dimensional neuropsychiatric traits in youth / Lauren M. MCGRATH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Extending the ‘cross-disorder’ relevance of executive functions to dimensional neuropsychiatric traits in youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren M. MCGRATH, Auteur ; Ellen B. BRAATEN, Auteur ; Nathan D. DOTY, Auteur ; Brian L. WILLOUGHBY, Auteur ; H. Kent WILSON, Auteur ; Ellen H. O'DONNELL, Auteur ; Mary K. COLVIN, Auteur ; Hillary L. DITMARS, Auteur ; Jessica E. BLAIS, Auteur ; Erin N. HILL, Auteur ; Aaron METZGER, Auteur ; Roy H. PERLIS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Jordan W. SMOLLER, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Alysa E. DOYLE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.462-471 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Executive functions mania psychosis social responsiveness cross-disorder dimensional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Evidence that different neuropsychiatric conditions share genetic liability has increased interest in phenotypes with ‘cross-disorder’ relevance, as they may contribute to revised models of psychopathology. Cognition is a promising construct for study; yet, evidence that the same cognitive functions are impaired across different forms of psychopathology comes primarily from separate studies of individual categorical diagnoses versus controls. Given growing support for dimensional models that cut across traditional diagnostic boundaries, we aimed to determine, within a single cohort, whether performance on measures of executive functions (EFs) predicted dimensions of different psychopathological conditions known to share genetic liability. Methods Data are from 393 participants, ages 8–17, consecutively enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of Genetic Influences on Cognition (LOGIC). This project is conducting deep phenotyping and genomic analyses in youth referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation. Using structural equation modeling, we examined whether EFs predicted variation in core dimensions of the autism spectrum disorder, bipolar illness, and schizophrenia (including social responsiveness, mania/emotion regulation, and positive symptoms of psychosis, respectively). Results We modeled three cognitive factors (working memory, shifting, and executive processing speed) that loaded on a second-order EF factor. The EF factor predicted variation in our three target traits, but not in a negative control (somatization). Moreover, this EF factor was primarily associated with the overlapping (rather than unique) variance across the three outcome measures, suggesting that it related to a general increase in psychopathology symptoms across those dimensions. Conclusions Findings extend support for the relevance of cognition to neuropsychiatric conditions that share underlying genetic risk. They suggest that higher-order cognition, including EFs, relates to the dimensional spectrum of each of these disorders and not just the clinical diagnoses. Moreover, results have implications for bottom-up models linking genes, cognition, and a general psychopathology liability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.462-471[article] Extending the ‘cross-disorder’ relevance of executive functions to dimensional neuropsychiatric traits in youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren M. MCGRATH, Auteur ; Ellen B. BRAATEN, Auteur ; Nathan D. DOTY, Auteur ; Brian L. WILLOUGHBY, Auteur ; H. Kent WILSON, Auteur ; Ellen H. O'DONNELL, Auteur ; Mary K. COLVIN, Auteur ; Hillary L. DITMARS, Auteur ; Jessica E. BLAIS, Auteur ; Erin N. HILL, Auteur ; Aaron METZGER, Auteur ; Roy H. PERLIS, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; Jordan W. SMOLLER, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Larry J. SEIDMAN, Auteur ; Alysa E. DOYLE, Auteur . - p.462-471.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.462-471
Mots-clés : Executive functions mania psychosis social responsiveness cross-disorder dimensional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Evidence that different neuropsychiatric conditions share genetic liability has increased interest in phenotypes with ‘cross-disorder’ relevance, as they may contribute to revised models of psychopathology. Cognition is a promising construct for study; yet, evidence that the same cognitive functions are impaired across different forms of psychopathology comes primarily from separate studies of individual categorical diagnoses versus controls. Given growing support for dimensional models that cut across traditional diagnostic boundaries, we aimed to determine, within a single cohort, whether performance on measures of executive functions (EFs) predicted dimensions of different psychopathological conditions known to share genetic liability. Methods Data are from 393 participants, ages 8–17, consecutively enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of Genetic Influences on Cognition (LOGIC). This project is conducting deep phenotyping and genomic analyses in youth referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation. Using structural equation modeling, we examined whether EFs predicted variation in core dimensions of the autism spectrum disorder, bipolar illness, and schizophrenia (including social responsiveness, mania/emotion regulation, and positive symptoms of psychosis, respectively). Results We modeled three cognitive factors (working memory, shifting, and executive processing speed) that loaded on a second-order EF factor. The EF factor predicted variation in our three target traits, but not in a negative control (somatization). Moreover, this EF factor was primarily associated with the overlapping (rather than unique) variance across the three outcome measures, suggesting that it related to a general increase in psychopathology symptoms across those dimensions. Conclusions Findings extend support for the relevance of cognition to neuropsychiatric conditions that share underlying genetic risk. They suggest that higher-order cognition, including EFs, relates to the dimensional spectrum of each of these disorders and not just the clinical diagnoses. Moreover, results have implications for bottom-up models linking genes, cognition, and a general psychopathology liability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Identifying mechanisms that underlie links between COMT genotype and aggression in male adolescents with ADHD / Stephanie H. M. VAN GOOZEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Identifying mechanisms that underlie links between COMT genotype and aggression in male adolescents with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephanie H. M. VAN GOOZEN, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Clare NORTHOVER, Auteur ; Kelly HUBBLE, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur ; Karen SCHEPMAN, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.472-480 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD aggression conduct disorder COMT genetic child Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is a known strong genetic contribution to aggression in those with ADHD. In a previous investigation of a large population cohort, impaired ‘emotional/social cognitive’ processing, assessed by questionnaire, was observed to mediate the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression in individuals with ADHD. We set out to replicate and extend this finding in a clinical sample, using task-based and physiological assessments of emotional and cognitive processing. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that directly assessed emotional processing mediates the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression in young people with ADHD. Methods Males aged 10–17 years with ADHD were recruited from UK community clinics (n = 194). Research diagnostic interviews (parent and child) were used to assess psychopathology and generate DSM-IV Conduct Disorder symptom scores. Participants completed tasks assessing executive function (response inhibition and set shifting), empathy for fear, sadness and happiness, and fear conditioning [measured using skin conductance responses (SCR) to aversive stimuli]. Results COMT Val allele carriers showed poorer response inhibition (F = 5.27, p = .02) and set shifting abilities (F = 6.45, p = .01), reduced fear empathy (F = 4.33, p = .04) and reduced autonomic responsiveness (lower SCRs) to the conditioned aversive stimulus (F = 11.74, p = .001). COMT Val158Met did not predict impairments in recognising others' emotions or affective empathy for happiness or sadness. Mediation analysis revealed that impaired fear-related mechanisms indirectly mediated the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression. Conclusion Our findings suggest fear mechanisms as possible targets for psychological interventions to disrupt links between genetic risk and aggressive outcomes in ADHD. Our findings also reveal the potential of hypothesis-driven approaches for identifying neuropsychological mechanisms that mediate genetic risk effects on behaviour and psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12464 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.472-480[article] Identifying mechanisms that underlie links between COMT genotype and aggression in male adolescents with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephanie H. M. VAN GOOZEN, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Clare NORTHOVER, Auteur ; Kelly HUBBLE, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur ; Karen SCHEPMAN, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur . - p.472-480.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.472-480
Mots-clés : ADHD aggression conduct disorder COMT genetic child Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is a known strong genetic contribution to aggression in those with ADHD. In a previous investigation of a large population cohort, impaired ‘emotional/social cognitive’ processing, assessed by questionnaire, was observed to mediate the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression in individuals with ADHD. We set out to replicate and extend this finding in a clinical sample, using task-based and physiological assessments of emotional and cognitive processing. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that directly assessed emotional processing mediates the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression in young people with ADHD. Methods Males aged 10–17 years with ADHD were recruited from UK community clinics (n = 194). Research diagnostic interviews (parent and child) were used to assess psychopathology and generate DSM-IV Conduct Disorder symptom scores. Participants completed tasks assessing executive function (response inhibition and set shifting), empathy for fear, sadness and happiness, and fear conditioning [measured using skin conductance responses (SCR) to aversive stimuli]. Results COMT Val allele carriers showed poorer response inhibition (F = 5.27, p = .02) and set shifting abilities (F = 6.45, p = .01), reduced fear empathy (F = 4.33, p = .04) and reduced autonomic responsiveness (lower SCRs) to the conditioned aversive stimulus (F = 11.74, p = .001). COMT Val158Met did not predict impairments in recognising others' emotions or affective empathy for happiness or sadness. Mediation analysis revealed that impaired fear-related mechanisms indirectly mediated the link between COMT Val158Met and aggression. Conclusion Our findings suggest fear mechanisms as possible targets for psychological interventions to disrupt links between genetic risk and aggressive outcomes in ADHD. Our findings also reveal the potential of hypothesis-driven approaches for identifying neuropsychological mechanisms that mediate genetic risk effects on behaviour and psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12464 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Profiling depression in childhood and adolescence: the role of conduct problems / Lucy RIGLIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Profiling depression in childhood and adolescence: the role of conduct problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy RIGLIN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur ; Katherine H. SHELTON, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Norah FREDERICKSON, Auteur ; Frances RICE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.481-490 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression aetiology heterogeneity conduct problems genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Depression is typically more common in females and rates rise around puberty. However, studies of children and adolescents suggest that depression accompanied by conduct problems may represent a different subtype not characterised by a female preponderance, with differing risk factors and genetic architecture compared to pure-depression. This study aimed to identify aetiologically distinct profiles of depressive symptoms, distinguished by the presence or absence of co-occurring conduct problems. Methods Latent profile analysis was conducted on a school sample of 1648 children (11–12 years) and replicated in a sample of 2006 twins (8–17 years). Results In both samples pure-depressive and conduct-depressive profiles were identified. The pure-depressive profile was associated with female gender, while the conduct-depressive profile was associated with lower cognitive ability but not with gender. Twin analyses indicated possible differences in genetic aetiology. Conclusions There was evidence for aetiologically heterogeneous depression symptom profiles based on the presence or absence of co-occurring conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12465 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.481-490[article] Profiling depression in childhood and adolescence: the role of conduct problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy RIGLIN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur ; Katherine H. SHELTON, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Norah FREDERICKSON, Auteur ; Frances RICE, Auteur . - p.481-490.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.481-490
Mots-clés : Depression aetiology heterogeneity conduct problems genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Depression is typically more common in females and rates rise around puberty. However, studies of children and adolescents suggest that depression accompanied by conduct problems may represent a different subtype not characterised by a female preponderance, with differing risk factors and genetic architecture compared to pure-depression. This study aimed to identify aetiologically distinct profiles of depressive symptoms, distinguished by the presence or absence of co-occurring conduct problems. Methods Latent profile analysis was conducted on a school sample of 1648 children (11–12 years) and replicated in a sample of 2006 twins (8–17 years). Results In both samples pure-depressive and conduct-depressive profiles were identified. The pure-depressive profile was associated with female gender, while the conduct-depressive profile was associated with lower cognitive ability but not with gender. Twin analyses indicated possible differences in genetic aetiology. Conclusions There was evidence for aetiologically heterogeneous depression symptom profiles based on the presence or absence of co-occurring conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12465 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Maternal perinatal mental health and offspring academic achievement at age 16: the mediating role of childhood executive function / Rebecca M. PEARSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Maternal perinatal mental health and offspring academic achievement at age 16: the mediating role of childhood executive function Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca M. PEARSON, Auteur ; Marc H. BORNSTEIN, Auteur ; Miguel CORDERO, Auteur ; Gaia SCERIF, Auteur ; Liam MAHEDY, Auteur ; Jonathan P. EVANS, Auteur ; Abu ABIOYE, Auteur ; Alan STEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.491-501 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ALSPAC postnatal depression prenatal anxiety executive function academic achievement math Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Elucidating risk pathways for under-achieving at school can inform strategies to reduce the number of adolescents leaving school without passing grades in core subjects. Maternal depression can compromise the quality of parental care and is associated with multiple negative child outcomes. However, only a few small studies have investigated the association between perinatal maternal depression and poor academic achievement in adolescence. The pathways to explain the risks are also unclear. Method Prospective observational data from 5,801 parents and adolescents taking part in a large UK population cohort (Avon-Longitudinal-Study-of-Parents-and-Children) were used to test associations between maternal and paternal depression and anxiety in the perinatal period, executive function (EF) at age 8, and academic achievement at the end of compulsory school at age 16. Results Adolescents of postnatally depressed mothers were 1.5 times (1.19, 1.94, p = .001) as likely as adolescents of nondepressed mothers to fail to achieve a ‘pass’ grade in math; antenatal anxiety was also an independent predictor of poor math. Disruption in different components of EF explained small but significant proportions of these associations: attentional control explained 16% (4%, 27%, p < .001) of the association with postnatal depression, and working memory explained 17% (13%, 30%, p = .003) of the association with antenatal anxiety. A similar pattern was seen for language grades, but associations were confounded by maternal education. There was no evidence that paternal factors were independently associated with impaired child EF or adolescent exams. Conclusion Maternal postnatal depression and antenatal anxiety are risk factors for adolescents underachieving in math. Preventing, identifying, and treating maternal mental health in the perinatal period could, therefore, potentially increase adolescents’ academic achievement. Different aspects of EF partially mediated these associations. Further work is needed, but if these pathways are causal, improving EF could reduce underachievement in math. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12483 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.491-501[article] Maternal perinatal mental health and offspring academic achievement at age 16: the mediating role of childhood executive function [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca M. PEARSON, Auteur ; Marc H. BORNSTEIN, Auteur ; Miguel CORDERO, Auteur ; Gaia SCERIF, Auteur ; Liam MAHEDY, Auteur ; Jonathan P. EVANS, Auteur ; Abu ABIOYE, Auteur ; Alan STEIN, Auteur . - p.491-501.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.491-501
Mots-clés : ALSPAC postnatal depression prenatal anxiety executive function academic achievement math Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Elucidating risk pathways for under-achieving at school can inform strategies to reduce the number of adolescents leaving school without passing grades in core subjects. Maternal depression can compromise the quality of parental care and is associated with multiple negative child outcomes. However, only a few small studies have investigated the association between perinatal maternal depression and poor academic achievement in adolescence. The pathways to explain the risks are also unclear. Method Prospective observational data from 5,801 parents and adolescents taking part in a large UK population cohort (Avon-Longitudinal-Study-of-Parents-and-Children) were used to test associations between maternal and paternal depression and anxiety in the perinatal period, executive function (EF) at age 8, and academic achievement at the end of compulsory school at age 16. Results Adolescents of postnatally depressed mothers were 1.5 times (1.19, 1.94, p = .001) as likely as adolescents of nondepressed mothers to fail to achieve a ‘pass’ grade in math; antenatal anxiety was also an independent predictor of poor math. Disruption in different components of EF explained small but significant proportions of these associations: attentional control explained 16% (4%, 27%, p < .001) of the association with postnatal depression, and working memory explained 17% (13%, 30%, p = .003) of the association with antenatal anxiety. A similar pattern was seen for language grades, but associations were confounded by maternal education. There was no evidence that paternal factors were independently associated with impaired child EF or adolescent exams. Conclusion Maternal postnatal depression and antenatal anxiety are risk factors for adolescents underachieving in math. Preventing, identifying, and treating maternal mental health in the perinatal period could, therefore, potentially increase adolescents’ academic achievement. Different aspects of EF partially mediated these associations. Further work is needed, but if these pathways are causal, improving EF could reduce underachievement in math. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12483 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Links between within-person fluctuations in hyperactivity/attention problems and subsequent conduct problems / Anne B. ARNETT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Links between within-person fluctuations in hyperactivity/attention problems and subsequent conduct problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Jami F. YOUNG, Auteur ; Benjamin L. HANKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.502-509 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD conduct problems disruptive behavior within-person longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The onset of hyperactivity/impulsivity and attention problems (HAP) is typically younger than that of conduct problems (CP), and some research supports a directional relation wherein HAP precedes CP. Studies have tested this theory using between-person and between-group comparisons, with conflicting results. In contrast, prior research has not examined the effects of within-person fluctuations in HAP on CP. Method This study tested the hypothesis that within-person variation in HAP would positively predict subsequent within-person variation in CP, in two population samples of youth (N = 620) who participated in identical methods of assessment over the course of 30 months. Three-level, hierarchical models were used to test for within-person, longitudinal associations between HAP and CP, as well as moderating effects of between-person and between-family demographics. Results We found a small but significant association in the expected direction for older youth, but the opposite effect in younger and non-Caucasian youth. These results were replicated across both samples. Conclusions The process by which early HAP relates to later CP may vary by age and racial identity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12466 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.502-509[article] Links between within-person fluctuations in hyperactivity/attention problems and subsequent conduct problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Jami F. YOUNG, Auteur ; Benjamin L. HANKIN, Auteur . - p.502-509.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.502-509
Mots-clés : ADHD conduct problems disruptive behavior within-person longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The onset of hyperactivity/impulsivity and attention problems (HAP) is typically younger than that of conduct problems (CP), and some research supports a directional relation wherein HAP precedes CP. Studies have tested this theory using between-person and between-group comparisons, with conflicting results. In contrast, prior research has not examined the effects of within-person fluctuations in HAP on CP. Method This study tested the hypothesis that within-person variation in HAP would positively predict subsequent within-person variation in CP, in two population samples of youth (N = 620) who participated in identical methods of assessment over the course of 30 months. Three-level, hierarchical models were used to test for within-person, longitudinal associations between HAP and CP, as well as moderating effects of between-person and between-family demographics. Results We found a small but significant association in the expected direction for older youth, but the opposite effect in younger and non-Caucasian youth. These results were replicated across both samples. Conclusions The process by which early HAP relates to later CP may vary by age and racial identity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12466 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Brain response to viewing others being harmed in children with conduct disorder symptoms / Kalina J. MICHALSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Brain response to viewing others being harmed in children with conduct disorder symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kalina J. MICHALSKA, Auteur ; Thomas A. ZEFFIRO, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.510-519 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct disorder callousness affective arousal emotional empathy insula anterior cingulate cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficient empathic processing is thought to foster conduct disorder (CD). It is important to determine the extent to which neural response associated with perceiving harm to others predicts CD symptoms and callous disregard for others. Methods A total of 107 9- to 11-year-old children (52 female) were recruited from pediatric and mental health clinics, representing a wide range of CD symptoms. Children were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing brief video clips of persons being harmed intentionally or accidentally. Results Perceiving harm evoked increased hemodynamic response in the anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, periaqueductal gray (PAG), caudate, and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) across all participants. Intentionally caused, relative to unintentional harm was associated with greater activity in the aINS, amygdala, and temporal pole. There was an inverse association of number of CD symptoms with right posterior insula in both the Harm > No Harm and the Intentional > Unintentional Harm contrasts. Furthermore, an inverse association between callousness and posterior insula activation was found in the Harm > No Harm contrast, with the opposite pattern for reactive aggression scores. An interaction revealed a stronger association in girls between CD symptoms and the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the Intentional Harm versus Unintentional Harm contrast. Conclusions Children with greater CD and callousness exhibit dampened hemodynamic response to viewing others being harmed in the insula, a region which plays a key role in empathy and emotional awareness. Sex differences in the neural correlates of CD were observed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12474 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.510-519[article] Brain response to viewing others being harmed in children with conduct disorder symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kalina J. MICHALSKA, Auteur ; Thomas A. ZEFFIRO, Auteur ; Jean DECETY, Auteur . - p.510-519.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.510-519
Mots-clés : Conduct disorder callousness affective arousal emotional empathy insula anterior cingulate cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficient empathic processing is thought to foster conduct disorder (CD). It is important to determine the extent to which neural response associated with perceiving harm to others predicts CD symptoms and callous disregard for others. Methods A total of 107 9- to 11-year-old children (52 female) were recruited from pediatric and mental health clinics, representing a wide range of CD symptoms. Children were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging while viewing brief video clips of persons being harmed intentionally or accidentally. Results Perceiving harm evoked increased hemodynamic response in the anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, periaqueductal gray (PAG), caudate, and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) across all participants. Intentionally caused, relative to unintentional harm was associated with greater activity in the aINS, amygdala, and temporal pole. There was an inverse association of number of CD symptoms with right posterior insula in both the Harm > No Harm and the Intentional > Unintentional Harm contrasts. Furthermore, an inverse association between callousness and posterior insula activation was found in the Harm > No Harm contrast, with the opposite pattern for reactive aggression scores. An interaction revealed a stronger association in girls between CD symptoms and the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the Intentional Harm versus Unintentional Harm contrast. Conclusions Children with greater CD and callousness exhibit dampened hemodynamic response to viewing others being harmed in the insula, a region which plays a key role in empathy and emotional awareness. Sex differences in the neural correlates of CD were observed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12474 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Commentary: Conduct disorder and perceiving harm to others – a reflection on Michalska et al. (2016) / Patricia L. LOCKWOOD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Commentary: Conduct disorder and perceiving harm to others – a reflection on Michalska et al. (2016) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia L. LOCKWOOD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.520-522 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study by Michalska et al. () reported in this issue of JCPP focused on how children with conduct disorder (CD) process harm to other people. Many children with CD lack empathy for their victims and this behavioural profile has encouraged the investigation of potential underpinnings of atypical empathy in this group. Michalska et al. () administered an fMRI task depicting harm to other people to a large sample of children with CD and typically developing peers. The authors found that CD symptom severity and degree of callousness were negatively associated with right posterior insula response to other people experiencing harm. Furthermore, CD and callousness ratings were negatively associated with anterior insula, anterior midcingulate cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus response to intentional harm. Reactive aggression scores, in contrast, were associated with increased positive insula reactivity when processing harm to others. Finally, the authors reported a sex difference in the engagement of brain areas associated with computations of intentionality when children processed intentional harm. In females (but not males) with CD, higher CD symptomatology was associated with lower activity in pSTS and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). This study is novel in focusing on a preadolescent sample of children and testing for sex differences in the neural underpinnings of conduct disorder (CD) symptomatology. We look forward to further work in this area and are certain that the important study by Michalska et al. () will motivate a host of new investigations that help us uncover the neural underpinnings of CD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.520-522[article] Commentary: Conduct disorder and perceiving harm to others – a reflection on Michalska et al. (2016) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia L. LOCKWOOD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur . - p.520-522.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.520-522
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The study by Michalska et al. () reported in this issue of JCPP focused on how children with conduct disorder (CD) process harm to other people. Many children with CD lack empathy for their victims and this behavioural profile has encouraged the investigation of potential underpinnings of atypical empathy in this group. Michalska et al. () administered an fMRI task depicting harm to other people to a large sample of children with CD and typically developing peers. The authors found that CD symptom severity and degree of callousness were negatively associated with right posterior insula response to other people experiencing harm. Furthermore, CD and callousness ratings were negatively associated with anterior insula, anterior midcingulate cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus response to intentional harm. Reactive aggression scores, in contrast, were associated with increased positive insula reactivity when processing harm to others. Finally, the authors reported a sex difference in the engagement of brain areas associated with computations of intentionality when children processed intentional harm. In females (but not males) with CD, higher CD symptomatology was associated with lower activity in pSTS and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). This study is novel in focusing on a preadolescent sample of children and testing for sex differences in the neural underpinnings of conduct disorder (CD) symptomatology. We look forward to further work in this area and are certain that the important study by Michalska et al. () will motivate a host of new investigations that help us uncover the neural underpinnings of CD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12528 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 The opposite end of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder continuum: genetic and environmental aetiologies of extremely low ADHD traits / Corina U. GREVEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : The opposite end of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder continuum: genetic and environmental aetiologies of extremely low ADHD traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Andrew MERWOOD, Auteur ; Jolanda M. J. VAN DER MEER, Auteur ; Claire M. A. HAWORTH, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.523-531 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder quantitative trait twin extremes positive genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is thought to reflect a continuously distributed quantitative trait, it is assessed through binary diagnosis or skewed measures biased towards its high, symptomatic extreme. A growing trend is to study the positive tail of normally distributed traits, a promising avenue, for example, to study high intelligence to increase power for gene-hunting for intelligence. However, the emergence of such a ‘positive genetics’ model has been tempered for ADHD due to poor phenotypic resolution at the low extreme. Overcoming this methodological limitation, we conduct the first study to assess the aetiologies of low extreme ADHD traits. Methods In a population-representative sample of 2,143 twins, the Strength and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal behaviour (SWAN) questionnaire was used to assess ADHD traits on a continuum from low to high. Aetiological influences on extreme ADHD traits were estimated using DeFries–Fulker extremes analysis. ADHD traits were related to behavioural, cognitive and home environmental outcomes using regression. Results Low extreme ADHD traits were significantly influenced by shared environmental factors (23–35%) but were not significantly heritable. In contrast, high-extreme ADHD traits showed significant heritability (39–51%) but no shared environmental influences. Compared to individuals with high extreme or with average levels of ADHD traits, individuals with low extreme ADHD traits showed fewer internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems, better cognitive performance and more positive behaviours and positive home environmental outcomes. Conclusions Shared environmental influences on low extreme ADHD traits may reflect passive gene-environment correlation, which arises because parents provide environments as well as passing on genes. Studying the low extreme opens new avenues to study mechanisms underlying previously neglected positive behaviours. This is different from the current deficit-based model of intervention, but congruent with a population-level approach to improving youth wellbeing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12475 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.523-531[article] The opposite end of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder continuum: genetic and environmental aetiologies of extremely low ADHD traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Corina U. GREVEN, Auteur ; Andrew MERWOOD, Auteur ; Jolanda M. J. VAN DER MEER, Auteur ; Claire M. A. HAWORTH, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur . - p.523-531.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.523-531
Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder quantitative trait twin extremes positive genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is thought to reflect a continuously distributed quantitative trait, it is assessed through binary diagnosis or skewed measures biased towards its high, symptomatic extreme. A growing trend is to study the positive tail of normally distributed traits, a promising avenue, for example, to study high intelligence to increase power for gene-hunting for intelligence. However, the emergence of such a ‘positive genetics’ model has been tempered for ADHD due to poor phenotypic resolution at the low extreme. Overcoming this methodological limitation, we conduct the first study to assess the aetiologies of low extreme ADHD traits. Methods In a population-representative sample of 2,143 twins, the Strength and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal behaviour (SWAN) questionnaire was used to assess ADHD traits on a continuum from low to high. Aetiological influences on extreme ADHD traits were estimated using DeFries–Fulker extremes analysis. ADHD traits were related to behavioural, cognitive and home environmental outcomes using regression. Results Low extreme ADHD traits were significantly influenced by shared environmental factors (23–35%) but were not significantly heritable. In contrast, high-extreme ADHD traits showed significant heritability (39–51%) but no shared environmental influences. Compared to individuals with high extreme or with average levels of ADHD traits, individuals with low extreme ADHD traits showed fewer internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems, better cognitive performance and more positive behaviours and positive home environmental outcomes. Conclusions Shared environmental influences on low extreme ADHD traits may reflect passive gene-environment correlation, which arises because parents provide environments as well as passing on genes. Studying the low extreme opens new avenues to study mechanisms underlying previously neglected positive behaviours. This is different from the current deficit-based model of intervention, but congruent with a population-level approach to improving youth wellbeing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12475 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 The risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy – a re-examination using a sibling design / Carsten OBEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : The risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy – a re-examination using a sibling design Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carsten OBEL, Auteur ; Jin Liang ZHU, Auteur ; Jørn OLSEN, Auteur ; Sanni BREINING, Auteur ; Jiong LI, Auteur ; Therese K. GRØNBORG, Auteur ; Mika GISSLER, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.532-537 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Smoking pregnancy attention deficit hyperactivity disorder hyperkinetic disorder sibling design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conventional cohort studies have consistently shown that exposure to maternal smoking in pregnancy is associated with about twice the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring. However, recent studies using alternative designs to disentangle the effect of social and genetic confounders have suggested that confounding may account for the association. In this study we aimed to estimate the association by a sibling design. Methods We used a design with half and full siblings in a Danish national register-based cohort on all singletons born between January 1991 and December 2006 and followed until January 2011. Data were available for 90% (N = 968,665) of the singleton live births in the period. We used the combination of the International Classification of Diseases (10th version) diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder (HKD) and ADHD medication to identify children. We used sibling-matched (conditional) Cox regression to control social and genetic confounding. Results Using conventional cohort analyses, we found the expected association between pregnancy smoking and offspring ADHD (adjusted HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.94–2.07). In the sibling analysis, however, we did not detect such a strong association (adjusted HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.94–1.22). There was no difference between results for half- and full sibling analyses. The link between pregnancy smoking and low birth weight remained robust in the sibling design (adjusted OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.33–2.12). Conclusions We found no support for prenatal smoking as a strong causal factor in ADHD. Our findings suggest that the strong association found in most previous epidemiological studies is likely to be due to a strong link between maternal smoking and maternal ADHD genetics or shared family environment. Pregnant women should still be encouraged to stop smoking because of other risks, but we have no reason to believe that this would reduce the risk of ADHD in the offspring. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12478 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.532-537[article] The risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy – a re-examination using a sibling design [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carsten OBEL, Auteur ; Jin Liang ZHU, Auteur ; Jørn OLSEN, Auteur ; Sanni BREINING, Auteur ; Jiong LI, Auteur ; Therese K. GRØNBORG, Auteur ; Mika GISSLER, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - p.532-537.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.532-537
Mots-clés : Smoking pregnancy attention deficit hyperactivity disorder hyperkinetic disorder sibling design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conventional cohort studies have consistently shown that exposure to maternal smoking in pregnancy is associated with about twice the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring. However, recent studies using alternative designs to disentangle the effect of social and genetic confounders have suggested that confounding may account for the association. In this study we aimed to estimate the association by a sibling design. Methods We used a design with half and full siblings in a Danish national register-based cohort on all singletons born between January 1991 and December 2006 and followed until January 2011. Data were available for 90% (N = 968,665) of the singleton live births in the period. We used the combination of the International Classification of Diseases (10th version) diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder (HKD) and ADHD medication to identify children. We used sibling-matched (conditional) Cox regression to control social and genetic confounding. Results Using conventional cohort analyses, we found the expected association between pregnancy smoking and offspring ADHD (adjusted HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.94–2.07). In the sibling analysis, however, we did not detect such a strong association (adjusted HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.94–1.22). There was no difference between results for half- and full sibling analyses. The link between pregnancy smoking and low birth weight remained robust in the sibling design (adjusted OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.33–2.12). Conclusions We found no support for prenatal smoking as a strong causal factor in ADHD. Our findings suggest that the strong association found in most previous epidemiological studies is likely to be due to a strong link between maternal smoking and maternal ADHD genetics or shared family environment. Pregnant women should still be encouraged to stop smoking because of other risks, but we have no reason to believe that this would reduce the risk of ADHD in the offspring. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12478 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Commentary: How can family-based quasi-experimental designs and national registers be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology? A reflection on Obel et al. (2016) / Henrik LARSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Commentary: How can family-based quasi-experimental designs and national registers be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology? A reflection on Obel et al. (2016) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.538-539 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Risk factors familial confounding maternal smoking smoking during pregnancy sibling-comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Standard observational studies have reported a robust correlation between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of ADHD in offspring. In the accompanying article, Obel et al. used sibling-comparisons to explore the extent to which unmeasured familial confounding explains this association. This commentary highlights three important implications of the study. At a general level, Obel et al. illustrates how (1) family-based quasi-experimental designs and (2) national registers can be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology. At a more specific level, the study suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy is probably not a causal risk factor for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.538-539[article] Commentary: How can family-based quasi-experimental designs and national registers be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology? A reflection on Obel et al. (2016) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.538-539.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.538-539
Mots-clés : Risk factors familial confounding maternal smoking smoking during pregnancy sibling-comparisons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Standard observational studies have reported a robust correlation between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of ADHD in offspring. In the accompanying article, Obel et al. used sibling-comparisons to explore the extent to which unmeasured familial confounding explains this association. This commentary highlights three important implications of the study. At a general level, Obel et al. illustrates how (1) family-based quasi-experimental designs and (2) national registers can be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology. At a more specific level, the study suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy is probably not a causal risk factor for ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12519 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 Fever and infections in pregnancy and risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the offspring / Julie WERENBERG DREIER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Fever and infections in pregnancy and risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Julie WERENBERG DREIER, Auteur ; Anne-Marie NYBO ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Allan HVOLBY, Auteur ; Ester GARNE, Auteur ; Per KRAGH ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Gabriele BERG-BECKHOFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.540-548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD prenatal epidemiologic studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Fever and infections are common events during pregnancy, and have been shown to be associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in the offspring. The evidence in relation to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is, however, nonexistent for fever and limited for infections. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the impact of these exposures on the occurrence of ADHD in the offspring, considering gestational timing as well as intensity of exposure. Methods The study was conducted within the Danish National Birth Cohort, using data on 89,146 pregnancies enrolled during 1996–2002. Exposure to fever and infections were assessed prospectively in two computer-assisted telephone interviews during pregnancy and ADHD status in the child was determined using registry information from three nation-wide patient and prescription registers. Stratified Cox regressions were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios of ADHD occurrence. Results The analyses revealed no overall association between maternal exposure to fever or infections and ADHD in the offspring [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–1.13 and aHR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.92–1.11]. When the exposures were considered during specific gestational periods, increased rates of ADHD were observed following fever in gestational weeks 9–12 (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12–1.58), and genitourinary infections in weeks 33–36 (aHR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.13–2.26). Conclusions Although no overall adverse association between fever and infections in pregnancy and ADHD in the offspring was found, the analyses indicated that exposures during specific time windows of the pregnancy could be associated with increased ADHD occurrence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12480 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.540-548[article] Fever and infections in pregnancy and risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Julie WERENBERG DREIER, Auteur ; Anne-Marie NYBO ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Allan HVOLBY, Auteur ; Ester GARNE, Auteur ; Per KRAGH ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Gabriele BERG-BECKHOFF, Auteur . - p.540-548.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-4 (April 2016) . - p.540-548
Mots-clés : ADHD prenatal epidemiologic studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Fever and infections are common events during pregnancy, and have been shown to be associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in the offspring. The evidence in relation to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is, however, nonexistent for fever and limited for infections. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the impact of these exposures on the occurrence of ADHD in the offspring, considering gestational timing as well as intensity of exposure. Methods The study was conducted within the Danish National Birth Cohort, using data on 89,146 pregnancies enrolled during 1996–2002. Exposure to fever and infections were assessed prospectively in two computer-assisted telephone interviews during pregnancy and ADHD status in the child was determined using registry information from three nation-wide patient and prescription registers. Stratified Cox regressions were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios of ADHD occurrence. Results The analyses revealed no overall association between maternal exposure to fever or infections and ADHD in the offspring [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–1.13 and aHR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.92–1.11]. When the exposures were considered during specific gestational periods, increased rates of ADHD were observed following fever in gestational weeks 9–12 (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12–1.58), and genitourinary infections in weeks 33–36 (aHR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.13–2.26). Conclusions Although no overall adverse association between fever and infections in pregnancy and ADHD in the offspring was found, the analyses indicated that exposures during specific time windows of the pregnancy could be associated with increased ADHD occurrence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12480 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285