Dépouillements

A Systematic Literature Review of Autism Research on Caregiver Talk / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.432-449 Titre : A Systematic Literature Review of Autism Research on Caregiver Talk Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.432-449 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  caregiver talk  child-directed speech  follow-in talk  language  social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Describing how caregivers' talk to their autistic children, and how their talk may influence social and language outcomes, has important implications for developmental theory and intervention research. In this systematic literature review, we examine 294 caregiver talk variables extracted from 65 studies, provide a narrative overview of research findings, and link measurement approaches to various theories of language development. The majority of variables included only talk directed to children (90%), and specified the speech act being performed (57%). More than one-third of variables measured talk that was responsive to children's attention, activities, or communication (38%), and slightly less than a third measured variables that elicited children's communication or engagement. Semantic aspects of talk were specified in 41% of variables, structural features were measured in 20% of variables, and suprasegmental features were measured in only 1% of variables. Talk quantity (without reference to other aspects of talk) was measured in 8% of variables. We found strong support that talk related to children's attention is implicated in autistic children's language development, but this construct has been measured inconsistently in terms of semantic, structural, and functional features. There is also evidence for bi-directional relationships between caregiver's talk and autistic children's development on a variety of semantic and structural variables. LAY SUMMARY: In our review, we found many differences in how researchers measured caregiver's talk, but also some promising leads. Researchers should continue examining caregiver talk related to children's focus of attention to clarify how this type of language contributes to autistic children's development. We also found interesting research on how children influence caregiver's talk, and encourage researchers to continue to study how this occurs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2461 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] A Systematic Literature Review of Autism Research on Caregiver Talk [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur . - p.432-449. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.432-449 Mots-clés : autism  caregiver talk  child-directed speech  follow-in talk  language  social-communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Describing how caregivers' talk to their autistic children, and how their talk may influence social and language outcomes, has important implications for developmental theory and intervention research. In this systematic literature review, we examine 294 caregiver talk variables extracted from 65 studies, provide a narrative overview of research findings, and link measurement approaches to various theories of language development. The majority of variables included only talk directed to children (90%), and specified the speech act being performed (57%). More than one-third of variables measured talk that was responsive to children's attention, activities, or communication (38%), and slightly less than a third measured variables that elicited children's communication or engagement. Semantic aspects of talk were specified in 41% of variables, structural features were measured in 20% of variables, and suprasegmental features were measured in only 1% of variables. Talk quantity (without reference to other aspects of talk) was measured in 8% of variables. We found strong support that talk related to children's attention is implicated in autistic children's language development, but this construct has been measured inconsistently in terms of semantic, structural, and functional features. There is also evidence for bi-directional relationships between caregiver's talk and autistic children's development on a variety of semantic and structural variables. LAY SUMMARY: In our review, we found many differences in how researchers measured caregiver's talk, but also some promising leads. Researchers should continue examining caregiver talk related to children's focus of attention to clarify how this type of language contributes to autistic children's development. We also found interesting research on how children influence caregiver's talk, and encourage researchers to continue to study how this occurs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2461 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Fear Potentiated Startle in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Anxiety Symptoms and Amygdala Volume / David HESSL in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.450-463 Titre : Fear Potentiated Startle in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Anxiety Symptoms and Amygdala Volume Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David HESSL, Auteur ; Lauren LIBERO, Auteur ; Andrea SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Breanna WINDER-PATEL, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; Joshua LEE, Auteur ; Cory COLEMAN, Auteur ; Natasha SHARMA, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.450-463 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mri  anxiety  autism  autistic  fear conditioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical responses to fearful stimuli and the presence of various forms of anxiety are commonly seen in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The fear potentiated startle paradigm (FPS), which has been studied both in relation to anxiety and as a probe for amygdala function, was carried out in 97 children aged 9-14?years including 48 (12 female) with ASD and 49 (14 female) with typical development (TD). In addition, exploratory analyses were conducted examining the association between FPS and amygdala volume as assessed with magnetic resonance imaging in a subset of the children with ASD with or without an anxiety disorder with available MRI data. While the startle latency was increased in the children with ASD, there was no group difference in FPS. FPS was not significantly associated with traditional Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) or "autism distinct" forms of anxiety. Within the autism group, FPS was negatively correlated with amygdala volume. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the association between FPS and anxiety severity was significantly moderated by the size of the amygdala, such that the association between FPS and anxiety was significantly more positive in children with larger amygdalas than smaller amygdalas. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of emotional reactivity associated with ASD and the difficulties in establishing biologically meaningful probes of altered brain function. LAY SUMMARY: Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have additional problems such as anxiety that can greatly impact their lives. How these co-occurring symptoms develop is not well understood. We studied the amygdala, a region of the brain critical for processing fear and a laboratory method called fear potentiated startle for measuring fear conditioning, in children with ASD (with and without an anxiety disorder) and typically developing children. Results showed that the connection between fear conditioning and anxiety is dependent on the size of the amygdala in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Fear Potentiated Startle in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Anxiety Symptoms and Amygdala Volume [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David HESSL, Auteur ; Lauren LIBERO, Auteur ; Andrea SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Breanna WINDER-PATEL, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; Joshua LEE, Auteur ; Cory COLEMAN, Auteur ; Natasha SHARMA, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.450-463. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.450-463 Mots-clés : Mri  anxiety  autism  autistic  fear conditioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical responses to fearful stimuli and the presence of various forms of anxiety are commonly seen in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The fear potentiated startle paradigm (FPS), which has been studied both in relation to anxiety and as a probe for amygdala function, was carried out in 97 children aged 9-14?years including 48 (12 female) with ASD and 49 (14 female) with typical development (TD). In addition, exploratory analyses were conducted examining the association between FPS and amygdala volume as assessed with magnetic resonance imaging in a subset of the children with ASD with or without an anxiety disorder with available MRI data. While the startle latency was increased in the children with ASD, there was no group difference in FPS. FPS was not significantly associated with traditional Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) or "autism distinct" forms of anxiety. Within the autism group, FPS was negatively correlated with amygdala volume. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the association between FPS and anxiety severity was significantly moderated by the size of the amygdala, such that the association between FPS and anxiety was significantly more positive in children with larger amygdalas than smaller amygdalas. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of emotional reactivity associated with ASD and the difficulties in establishing biologically meaningful probes of altered brain function. LAY SUMMARY: Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have additional problems such as anxiety that can greatly impact their lives. How these co-occurring symptoms develop is not well understood. We studied the amygdala, a region of the brain critical for processing fear and a laboratory method called fear potentiated startle for measuring fear conditioning, in children with ASD (with and without an anxiety disorder) and typically developing children. Results showed that the connection between fear conditioning and anxiety is dependent on the size of the amygdala in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Atypical Functional Covariance Connectivity Between Gray and White Matter in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Heng CHEN in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.464-472 Titre : Atypical Functional Covariance Connectivity Between Gray and White Matter in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heng CHEN, Auteur ; Jinjin LONG, Auteur ; Shanshan YANG, Auteur ; Bifang HE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.464-472 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  functional covariance connectivity  resting-state fMRI  white matter function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder with atypical gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) functional developmental course. However, the functional co-developmental pattern between GM and WM in ASD is unclear. Here, we utilized a functional covariance connectivity method to explore the concordance pattern between GM and WM function in individuals with ASD. A multi-center resting-state fMRI dataset composed of 105 male children with ASD and 102 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) from six sites of the ABIDE dataset was utilized. GM and WM ALFF maps were calculated for each subject. Voxel by voxel functional covariance connectivity of the ALFF values across subjects was calculated between GM and WM for children with ASD and HCs. A Z-test combining FDR multi-comparison correction was then employed to determine whether the functional covariance is significantly different between the two groups. A "bundling" strategy was utilized to ensure that the GM/WM clusters showing atypical functional covariance were larger than 5 voxels. Finally, canonical correlation analysis was conducted to explore whether the atypical GM/WM functional covariance is related to ASD symptoms. Results showed atypical functional covariance connections between specific GM and WM regions, whereas the ALFF values of these regions indicated no significant difference between the two groups. Canonical correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the atypical functional covariance and stereotyped behaviors of ASD. The results indicated an altered functional co-developmental pattern between WM and GM in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: White matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) are two major human brain organs supporting brain function. WM and GM functions show a specific co-developmental pattern in typical developed individuals. This study showed that this GM/WM co-developmental pattern was altered in children with ASD, while this altered GM/WM co-developmental pattern was related to stereotyped behaviors. These findings may help understand the GM/WM functional development of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2435 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Atypical Functional Covariance Connectivity Between Gray and White Matter in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heng CHEN, Auteur ; Jinjin LONG, Auteur ; Shanshan YANG, Auteur ; Bifang HE, Auteur . - p.464-472. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.464-472 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  functional covariance connectivity  resting-state fMRI  white matter function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder with atypical gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) functional developmental course. However, the functional co-developmental pattern between GM and WM in ASD is unclear. Here, we utilized a functional covariance connectivity method to explore the concordance pattern between GM and WM function in individuals with ASD. A multi-center resting-state fMRI dataset composed of 105 male children with ASD and 102 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) from six sites of the ABIDE dataset was utilized. GM and WM ALFF maps were calculated for each subject. Voxel by voxel functional covariance connectivity of the ALFF values across subjects was calculated between GM and WM for children with ASD and HCs. A Z-test combining FDR multi-comparison correction was then employed to determine whether the functional covariance is significantly different between the two groups. A "bundling" strategy was utilized to ensure that the GM/WM clusters showing atypical functional covariance were larger than 5 voxels. Finally, canonical correlation analysis was conducted to explore whether the atypical GM/WM functional covariance is related to ASD symptoms. Results showed atypical functional covariance connections between specific GM and WM regions, whereas the ALFF values of these regions indicated no significant difference between the two groups. Canonical correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the atypical functional covariance and stereotyped behaviors of ASD. The results indicated an altered functional co-developmental pattern between WM and GM in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: White matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) are two major human brain organs supporting brain function. WM and GM functions show a specific co-developmental pattern in typical developed individuals. This study showed that this GM/WM co-developmental pattern was altered in children with ASD, while this altered GM/WM co-developmental pattern was related to stereotyped behaviors. These findings may help understand the GM/WM functional development of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2435 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

An Investigation of the Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis, As a Novel Oxidative Stress Plasma Biomarker, in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders / Ay?egül EFE in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.473-487 Titre : An Investigation of the Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis, As a Novel Oxidative Stress Plasma Biomarker, in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ay?egül EFE, Auteur ; Salim NE?ELIO?LU, Auteur ; Ayla SOYKAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.473-487 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : antioxidants  autism spectrum disorders  dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis  oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium  oxidative stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate the role of impaired oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis on the etiopathogenesis of autism with a novel oxidative stress (OS) marker, dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis (DTDH), and relationship between the symptom severity and markers. A total of 60 children with ASD aged 3-10?years and 54 unaffected children were investigated for the plasma DTDH parameters. A sociodemographic-data form, K-SADS-PL, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Abnormal Behavior Checklist, Autism Behavior Checklist, and a developmentally appropriate IQ test were administered to all participants. Distortion of DTDH to the OS-side in the autism group was determined with lower plasma levels of native and total thiol, in contrast to a higher disulfide and thiol oxidation-reduction ratio. However, biomarkers had no correlation with the symptom severity of autism. Cutoff values for each parameter on the ROC curve might be useful to predict ASD and each DTDH biomarker was detected as an independent predictor of ASD. The present study demonstrated a disturbed redox status and absence of an expected compensatory increase in antioxidant response in a pediatric sample of ASD by measuring dynamic oxidation/reduction shifts with a novel, practical and reproducible analytical technique, and contributes to data regarding oxidative hypothesis on autism and raises the question of the place of antioxidants in autism treatment. Our results may suggest predictive usefulness of the plasma DTDH biomarkers in ASD, despite the study being conducted with a modestly small sample size that makes further research with a larger replication sample necessary to substantiate the findings. LAY SUMMARY: Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis is a novel plasma marker used to determine the oxidative stress which is a natural result of disequilibrium between the oxidants and antioxidants in the human body. There is increasing interest regarding a central biological linking role of oxidative stress among the other etiological factors of autism. Our findings on the disturbed plasma dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in children with autism and the absence of an expected antioxidant response against increased oxidative stress supports the data concerning the role of oxidative stress on the etiology of autism and the need of further research on the place of antioxidants in autism treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] An Investigation of the Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis, As a Novel Oxidative Stress Plasma Biomarker, in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ay?egül EFE, Auteur ; Salim NE?ELIO?LU, Auteur ; Ayla SOYKAN, Auteur . - p.473-487. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.473-487 Mots-clés : antioxidants  autism spectrum disorders  dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis  oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium  oxidative stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate the role of impaired oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis on the etiopathogenesis of autism with a novel oxidative stress (OS) marker, dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis (DTDH), and relationship between the symptom severity and markers. A total of 60 children with ASD aged 3-10?years and 54 unaffected children were investigated for the plasma DTDH parameters. A sociodemographic-data form, K-SADS-PL, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Abnormal Behavior Checklist, Autism Behavior Checklist, and a developmentally appropriate IQ test were administered to all participants. Distortion of DTDH to the OS-side in the autism group was determined with lower plasma levels of native and total thiol, in contrast to a higher disulfide and thiol oxidation-reduction ratio. However, biomarkers had no correlation with the symptom severity of autism. Cutoff values for each parameter on the ROC curve might be useful to predict ASD and each DTDH biomarker was detected as an independent predictor of ASD. The present study demonstrated a disturbed redox status and absence of an expected compensatory increase in antioxidant response in a pediatric sample of ASD by measuring dynamic oxidation/reduction shifts with a novel, practical and reproducible analytical technique, and contributes to data regarding oxidative hypothesis on autism and raises the question of the place of antioxidants in autism treatment. Our results may suggest predictive usefulness of the plasma DTDH biomarkers in ASD, despite the study being conducted with a modestly small sample size that makes further research with a larger replication sample necessary to substantiate the findings. LAY SUMMARY: Dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis is a novel plasma marker used to determine the oxidative stress which is a natural result of disequilibrium between the oxidants and antioxidants in the human body. There is increasing interest regarding a central biological linking role of oxidative stress among the other etiological factors of autism. Our findings on the disturbed plasma dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in children with autism and the absence of an expected antioxidant response against increased oxidative stress supports the data concerning the role of oxidative stress on the etiology of autism and the need of further research on the place of antioxidants in autism treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Digital Behavioral Phenotyping Detects Atypical Pattern of Facial Expression in Toddlers with Autism / Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.488-499 Titre : Digital Behavioral Phenotyping Detects Atypical Pattern of Facial Expression in Toddlers with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Jordan HAHEMI, Auteur ; Kathleen CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Steven J. LIPPMANN, Auteur ; Jeffrey P. BAKER, Auteur ; Helen L. EGGER, Auteur ; Steven ESPINOSA, Auteur ; Saritha VERMEER, Auteur ; Guillermo SAPIRO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.488-499 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  computer vision  early detection  facial expressions  risk behaviors  Amazon, Google, Cisco, and Microsoft and is a consultant for Apple and Volvo.  Geraldine Dawson is on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Janssen Research and  Development, Akili, Inc., LabCorp, Inc., Tris Pharma, and Roche Pharmaceutical  Company, a consultant for Apple, Inc, Gerson Lehrman Group, Guidepoint, Inc., Teva  Pharmaceuticals, and Axial Ventures, has received grant funding from Janssen  Research and Development, and is CEO of DASIO, LLC (with Guillermo Sapiro). Dawson  receives royalties from Guilford Press, Springer, and Oxford University Press.  Dawson, Sapiro, Carpenter, Hashemi, Campbell, Espinosa, Baker, and Egger helped  develop aspects of the technology that is being used in the study. The technology  has been licensed and Dawson, Sapiro, Carpenter, Hashemi, Espinosa, Baker, Egger,  and Duke University have benefited financially. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Commonly used screening tools for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) generally rely on subjective caregiver questionnaires. While behavioral observation is more objective, it is also expensive, time-consuming, and requires significant expertise to perform. As such, there remains a critical need to develop feasible, scalable, and reliable tools that can characterize ASD risk behaviors. This study assessed the utility of a tablet-based behavioral assessment for eliciting and detecting one type of risk behavior, namely, patterns of facial expression, in 104 toddlers (ASD N =?22) and evaluated whether such patterns differentiated toddlers with and without ASD. The assessment consisted of the child sitting on his/her caregiver's lap and watching brief movies shown on a smart tablet while the embedded camera recorded the child's facial expressions. Computer vision analysis (CVA) automatically detected and tracked facial landmarks, which were used to estimate head position and facial expressions (Positive, Neutral, All Other). Using CVA, specific points throughout the movies were identified that reliably differentiate between children with and without ASD based on their patterns of facial movement and expressions (area under the curves for individual movies ranging from 0.62 to 0.73). During these instances, children with ASD more frequently displayed Neutral expressions compared to children without ASD, who had more All Other expressions. The frequency of All Other expressions was driven by non-ASD children more often displaying raised eyebrows and an open mouth, characteristic of engagement/interest. Preliminary results suggest computational coding of facial movements and expressions via a tablet-based assessment can detect differences in affective expression, one of the early, core features of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study tested the use of a tablet in the behavioral assessment of young children with autism. Children watched a series of developmentally appropriate movies and their facial expressions were recorded using the camera embedded in the tablet. Results suggest that computational assessments of facial expressions may be useful in early detection of symptoms of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2391 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Digital Behavioral Phenotyping Detects Atypical Pattern of Facial Expression in Toddlers with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Jordan HAHEMI, Auteur ; Kathleen CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Steven J. LIPPMANN, Auteur ; Jeffrey P. BAKER, Auteur ; Helen L. EGGER, Auteur ; Steven ESPINOSA, Auteur ; Saritha VERMEER, Auteur ; Guillermo SAPIRO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur . - p.488-499. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.488-499 Mots-clés : autism  computer vision  early detection  facial expressions  risk behaviors  Amazon, Google, Cisco, and Microsoft and is a consultant for Apple and Volvo.  Geraldine Dawson is on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Janssen Research and  Development, Akili, Inc., LabCorp, Inc., Tris Pharma, and Roche Pharmaceutical  Company, a consultant for Apple, Inc, Gerson Lehrman Group, Guidepoint, Inc., Teva  Pharmaceuticals, and Axial Ventures, has received grant funding from Janssen  Research and Development, and is CEO of DASIO, LLC (with Guillermo Sapiro). Dawson  receives royalties from Guilford Press, Springer, and Oxford University Press.  Dawson, Sapiro, Carpenter, Hashemi, Campbell, Espinosa, Baker, and Egger helped  develop aspects of the technology that is being used in the study. The technology  has been licensed and Dawson, Sapiro, Carpenter, Hashemi, Espinosa, Baker, Egger,  and Duke University have benefited financially. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Commonly used screening tools for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) generally rely on subjective caregiver questionnaires. While behavioral observation is more objective, it is also expensive, time-consuming, and requires significant expertise to perform. As such, there remains a critical need to develop feasible, scalable, and reliable tools that can characterize ASD risk behaviors. This study assessed the utility of a tablet-based behavioral assessment for eliciting and detecting one type of risk behavior, namely, patterns of facial expression, in 104 toddlers (ASD N =?22) and evaluated whether such patterns differentiated toddlers with and without ASD. The assessment consisted of the child sitting on his/her caregiver's lap and watching brief movies shown on a smart tablet while the embedded camera recorded the child's facial expressions. Computer vision analysis (CVA) automatically detected and tracked facial landmarks, which were used to estimate head position and facial expressions (Positive, Neutral, All Other). Using CVA, specific points throughout the movies were identified that reliably differentiate between children with and without ASD based on their patterns of facial movement and expressions (area under the curves for individual movies ranging from 0.62 to 0.73). During these instances, children with ASD more frequently displayed Neutral expressions compared to children without ASD, who had more All Other expressions. The frequency of All Other expressions was driven by non-ASD children more often displaying raised eyebrows and an open mouth, characteristic of engagement/interest. Preliminary results suggest computational coding of facial movements and expressions via a tablet-based assessment can detect differences in affective expression, one of the early, core features of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study tested the use of a tablet in the behavioral assessment of young children with autism. Children watched a series of developmentally appropriate movies and their facial expressions were recorded using the camera embedded in the tablet. Results suggest that computational assessments of facial expressions may be useful in early detection of symptoms of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2391 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Using the NIH Toolbox to Assess Cognition in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Marjorie SOLOMON in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.500-511 Titre : Using the NIH Toolbox to Assess Cognition in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Andrew GORDON, Auteur ; Ana-Maria IOSIF, Auteur ; Raphael GEDDERT, Auteur ; Marie K. KRUG, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; David HESSL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.500-511 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : NIH Toolbox  adolescents  adults  cognitive control  executive control  executive functions  latent profile analysis  phenotypes  subtypes of ASD  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the clinically significant impact of executive dysfunction on the outcomes of adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we lack a clear understanding of its prevalence, profile, and development. To address this gap, we administered the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery to a cross-sectional Intelligence Quotient (IQ) case-matched cohort with ASD (n = 66) and typical development (TD; n = 66) ages 12-22. We used a general linear model framework to examine group differences in task performance and their associations with age. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify subgroups of individuals with similar cognitive profiles. Compared to IQ case-matched controls, ASD demonstrated poorer performance on inhibitory control (P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2399 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Using the NIH Toolbox to Assess Cognition in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Andrew GORDON, Auteur ; Ana-Maria IOSIF, Auteur ; Raphael GEDDERT, Auteur ; Marie K. KRUG, Auteur ; Peter C. MUNDY, Auteur ; David HESSL, Auteur . - p.500-511. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.500-511 Mots-clés : NIH Toolbox  adolescents  adults  cognitive control  executive control  executive functions  latent profile analysis  phenotypes  subtypes of ASD  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the clinically significant impact of executive dysfunction on the outcomes of adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we lack a clear understanding of its prevalence, profile, and development. To address this gap, we administered the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery to a cross-sectional Intelligence Quotient (IQ) case-matched cohort with ASD (n = 66) and typical development (TD; n = 66) ages 12-22. We used a general linear model framework to examine group differences in task performance and their associations with age. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify subgroups of individuals with similar cognitive profiles. Compared to IQ case-matched controls, ASD demonstrated poorer performance on inhibitory control (P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2399 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Synchrony of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia in Parents and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Moderation by Interaction Quality and Child Behavior Problems / Hui WANG in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.512-522 Titre : Synchrony of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia in Parents and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Moderation by Interaction Quality and Child Behavior Problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hui WANG, Auteur ; Cynthia SUVEG, Auteur ; Kara B WEST, Auteur ; Zhuo Rachel HAN, Auteur ; Xutong ZHANG, Auteur ; Xiaoyi HU, Auteur ; Li YI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.512-522 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  interaction quality  internalizing problems  physiological synchrony  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parent-child physiological synchrony, the matching of physiological states between parents and children, is theorized to be important for typically developing (TD) children, but less is known about this process in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a sample of 29 children (M age = 8.00?years, SD = 1.51?years) with ASD and 39 TD-matched children (M age = 7.32?years, SD = 1.36?years) and their primary caregivers (n = 68), we examined whether parent-child dyads showed physiological synchrony indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during an interaction, and whether RSA synchrony differed by parent-child interaction quality and child behavior problems. Results indicated that dyads with TD children showed stronger positive RSA synchrony than dyads with children with ASD. Furthermore, for families of children with ASD, RSA synchrony was stronger in families with higher interaction quality and fewer child internalizing problems. These results provide preliminary evidence of parent-child RSA synchrony in families of children with ASD and identify factors that may influence this physiological process. Implications of these findings for social and emotional development in children with ASD are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Parents and children can get "in tune" with one another at the biological level - a process called physiological synchrony. We studied physiological synchrony in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to same-aged children who had no mental health disorders. We also examined how physiological synchrony might be associated with parent-child interaction quality and child behavior problems. We found that families with a child with ASD showed weaker physiological synchrony than families with a child who was typically developing. Further, we found that physiological synchrony was stronger when parents and children with ASD showed higher interaction quality and when children with ASD had lower internalizing problems. These findings contribute to our understanding of family functioning in the context of ASD and have potential implications for future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2401 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Synchrony of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia in Parents and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Moderation by Interaction Quality and Child Behavior Problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hui WANG, Auteur ; Cynthia SUVEG, Auteur ; Kara B WEST, Auteur ; Zhuo Rachel HAN, Auteur ; Xutong ZHANG, Auteur ; Xiaoyi HU, Auteur ; Li YI, Auteur . - p.512-522. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.512-522 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  interaction quality  internalizing problems  physiological synchrony  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parent-child physiological synchrony, the matching of physiological states between parents and children, is theorized to be important for typically developing (TD) children, but less is known about this process in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a sample of 29 children (M age = 8.00?years, SD = 1.51?years) with ASD and 39 TD-matched children (M age = 7.32?years, SD = 1.36?years) and their primary caregivers (n = 68), we examined whether parent-child dyads showed physiological synchrony indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during an interaction, and whether RSA synchrony differed by parent-child interaction quality and child behavior problems. Results indicated that dyads with TD children showed stronger positive RSA synchrony than dyads with children with ASD. Furthermore, for families of children with ASD, RSA synchrony was stronger in families with higher interaction quality and fewer child internalizing problems. These results provide preliminary evidence of parent-child RSA synchrony in families of children with ASD and identify factors that may influence this physiological process. Implications of these findings for social and emotional development in children with ASD are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Parents and children can get "in tune" with one another at the biological level - a process called physiological synchrony. We studied physiological synchrony in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison to same-aged children who had no mental health disorders. We also examined how physiological synchrony might be associated with parent-child interaction quality and child behavior problems. We found that families with a child with ASD showed weaker physiological synchrony than families with a child who was typically developing. Further, we found that physiological synchrony was stronger when parents and children with ASD showed higher interaction quality and when children with ASD had lower internalizing problems. These findings contribute to our understanding of family functioning in the context of ASD and have potential implications for future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2401 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents / Laura HULL in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.523-532 Titre : Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; K. V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.523-532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  camouflaging  compensation  executive function  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging involves masking and/or compensating for autistic characteristics and has been identified in autistic individuals through a variety of different methods. Individual variation in the extent, processes and outcomes of camouflaging has been reported in autistic adults, and there has been some investigation of camouflaging by autistic adolescents. This study was conducted to better understand how some of these individual differences emerge, by examining potential mechanisms (theory of mind, executive function, intelligence quotient and age) involved in camouflaging by 58 autistic adolescents aged 13-18?years (29 females, 29 males). Fewer executive function difficulties predicted greater use of total camouflaging strategies and the compensation subscale, but not the masking or assimilation subscales; no other predictors reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that individual differences in executive function ability may underlie variation in the use of camouflaging by adolescents. The total variance explained in the model was small, suggesting the need to examine other factors which may underpin camouflaging. The implications of this finding for the relationship between camouflaging and well-being are discussed, along with the distinction between attempts to camouflage and the efficacy of those attempts. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging involves hiding your autism or finding ways around difficulties in order to fit in during social situations. This study found that autistic teenagers with good executive function abilities camouflage their autism more than those who struggle with executive function (which includes planning, goal-direction and memory). This may have implications for teenagers' mental health and their social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; K. V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.523-532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.523-532 Mots-clés : adolescence  camouflaging  compensation  executive function  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging involves masking and/or compensating for autistic characteristics and has been identified in autistic individuals through a variety of different methods. Individual variation in the extent, processes and outcomes of camouflaging has been reported in autistic adults, and there has been some investigation of camouflaging by autistic adolescents. This study was conducted to better understand how some of these individual differences emerge, by examining potential mechanisms (theory of mind, executive function, intelligence quotient and age) involved in camouflaging by 58 autistic adolescents aged 13-18?years (29 females, 29 males). Fewer executive function difficulties predicted greater use of total camouflaging strategies and the compensation subscale, but not the masking or assimilation subscales; no other predictors reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that individual differences in executive function ability may underlie variation in the use of camouflaging by adolescents. The total variance explained in the model was small, suggesting the need to examine other factors which may underpin camouflaging. The implications of this finding for the relationship between camouflaging and well-being are discussed, along with the distinction between attempts to camouflage and the efficacy of those attempts. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging involves hiding your autism or finding ways around difficulties in order to fit in during social situations. This study found that autistic teenagers with good executive function abilities camouflage their autism more than those who struggle with executive function (which includes planning, goal-direction and memory). This may have implications for teenagers' mental health and their social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

The Impact of Bilingualism on the Executive Functions of Autistic Children: A Study of English-Arabic Children / Shereen SHARAAN in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.533-544 Titre : The Impact of Bilingualism on the Executive Functions of Autistic Children: A Study of English-Arabic Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shereen SHARAAN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Sarah E. MACPHERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.533-544 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cognition  dual language  second language exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is evidence to suggest that certain executive functions are impaired in autistic children, contributing to many daily challenges. Regular use of two languages has the potential to positively influence executive functions, though evidence is mixed. Little is known about the impact of bilingualism on the executive functions of autistic children, with only a handful of studies published worldwide to date. This study investigated the impact of bilingualism on sustained attention, interference control, flexible switching and working memory, in Arabic-English autistic children (n = 27) and their typically developing peers (n = 66), aged 5-12?years old. Groups were matched on age, nonverbal IQ and socioeconomic status, and completed a battery of computerized tests. Results showed an advantage for bilingual autistic children relative to their monolingual peers in sustained attention, and equivalent performance between bilingual and monolingual autistic children on all other executive functions. There were no generalized positive effects of bilingualism, and typically-developing children performed better than autistic children on all measures. The findings indicate that bilingualism does not negatively impact the executive function skills of autistic children, and that it might mitigate difficulties in sustained attention. LAY SUMMARY: Contrary to widespread belief, but in line with previous research, this study showed that speaking two languages did not harm thinking skills in autistic children. The thinking skills evaluated in this study included the ability to focus over a period of time, the ability to resist distractions, the ability to move back and forth between tasks, and the ability to use short-term memory. In fact, speaking two languages might help reduce difficulties that autistic children might face when focusing over a period of time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2439 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] The Impact of Bilingualism on the Executive Functions of Autistic Children: A Study of English-Arabic Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shereen SHARAAN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Sarah E. MACPHERSON, Auteur . - p.533-544. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.533-544 Mots-clés : autism  cognition  dual language  second language exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is evidence to suggest that certain executive functions are impaired in autistic children, contributing to many daily challenges. Regular use of two languages has the potential to positively influence executive functions, though evidence is mixed. Little is known about the impact of bilingualism on the executive functions of autistic children, with only a handful of studies published worldwide to date. This study investigated the impact of bilingualism on sustained attention, interference control, flexible switching and working memory, in Arabic-English autistic children (n = 27) and their typically developing peers (n = 66), aged 5-12?years old. Groups were matched on age, nonverbal IQ and socioeconomic status, and completed a battery of computerized tests. Results showed an advantage for bilingual autistic children relative to their monolingual peers in sustained attention, and equivalent performance between bilingual and monolingual autistic children on all other executive functions. There were no generalized positive effects of bilingualism, and typically-developing children performed better than autistic children on all measures. The findings indicate that bilingualism does not negatively impact the executive function skills of autistic children, and that it might mitigate difficulties in sustained attention. LAY SUMMARY: Contrary to widespread belief, but in line with previous research, this study showed that speaking two languages did not harm thinking skills in autistic children. The thinking skills evaluated in this study included the ability to focus over a period of time, the ability to resist distractions, the ability to move back and forth between tasks, and the ability to use short-term memory. In fact, speaking two languages might help reduce difficulties that autistic children might face when focusing over a period of time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2439 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Sweat, Sit, Sleep: A Compositional Analysis of 24-hr Movement Behaviors and Body Mass Index among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sean HEALY in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.545-550 Titre : Sweat, Sit, Sleep: A Compositional Analysis of 24-hr Movement Behaviors and Body Mass Index among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sean HEALY, Auteur ; Benjamin BREWER, Auteur ; Jeanette GARCIA, Auteur ; Julie DALY, Auteur ; Freda PATTERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.545-550 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  compositional analysis  obesity  overweight  physical activity  sedentary behavior  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study (a) examined the daily composition of 24-hr movement behaviors in children with ASD using objective measures, and (b) applied compositional analysis to examine the associations of the time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep duration (SD) with body mass index (BMI), relative to the time spent in the other movement behaviors in a sample of children (aged 7-19?years) with ASD. Time spent in MVPA, LPA, SB, and SD were measured using accelerometers over a 7-day period. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. Participants (n = 46) spent 40% of time in LPA (M = 9.6?hr), 30.6% (M = 7.34?hr) in SB, 24.9% (M = 5.98?hr) asleep, and 4.5% (M = 64.8?min) in MVPA. Reallocating 30?min from LPA to SD decreased BMI by 0.471?kg/m(2) (P = 0.003). Reallocating 30?min from MVPA to SD decreased BMI by 0.658?kg/m(2) (P = 0.051). Reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from SB, MVPA, and SD to LPA increased BMI by 0.418?kg/m(2) (P = 0.021), and reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from LPA, MVPA, and SD to SB increased BMI by 0.295?kg/m(2) (P = 0.052). Finally, reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from SB, LPA, and MVPA to SD decreased BMI by -0.845?kg/m(2) (P = 0.001). LAY SUMMARY: Data was collected on time spent in light physical activity (LPA), moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep in 46 children with autism. The sample had insufficient sleep (a mean of 6?hr/night). We showed that replacing 30?min of LPA or MVPA with sleep decreased BMI. Also, moving 60?min to LPA or SB from the remaining movement behaviors (i.e., 20?min from each) increased BMI, and moving 60?min to sleep from the remaining behaviors decreased BMI. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2434 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Sweat, Sit, Sleep: A Compositional Analysis of 24-hr Movement Behaviors and Body Mass Index among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sean HEALY, Auteur ; Benjamin BREWER, Auteur ; Jeanette GARCIA, Auteur ; Julie DALY, Auteur ; Freda PATTERSON, Auteur . - p.545-550. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.545-550 Mots-clés : Asd  compositional analysis  obesity  overweight  physical activity  sedentary behavior  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study (a) examined the daily composition of 24-hr movement behaviors in children with ASD using objective measures, and (b) applied compositional analysis to examine the associations of the time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep duration (SD) with body mass index (BMI), relative to the time spent in the other movement behaviors in a sample of children (aged 7-19?years) with ASD. Time spent in MVPA, LPA, SB, and SD were measured using accelerometers over a 7-day period. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. Participants (n = 46) spent 40% of time in LPA (M = 9.6?hr), 30.6% (M = 7.34?hr) in SB, 24.9% (M = 5.98?hr) asleep, and 4.5% (M = 64.8?min) in MVPA. Reallocating 30?min from LPA to SD decreased BMI by 0.471?kg/m(2) (P = 0.003). Reallocating 30?min from MVPA to SD decreased BMI by 0.658?kg/m(2) (P = 0.051). Reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from SB, MVPA, and SD to LPA increased BMI by 0.418?kg/m(2) (P = 0.021), and reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from LPA, MVPA, and SD to SB increased BMI by 0.295?kg/m(2) (P = 0.052). Finally, reallocation of 60?min in equal proportions from SB, LPA, and MVPA to SD decreased BMI by -0.845?kg/m(2) (P = 0.001). LAY SUMMARY: Data was collected on time spent in light physical activity (LPA), moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep in 46 children with autism. The sample had insufficient sleep (a mean of 6?hr/night). We showed that replacing 30?min of LPA or MVPA with sleep decreased BMI. Also, moving 60?min to LPA or SB from the remaining movement behaviors (i.e., 20?min from each) increased BMI, and moving 60?min to sleep from the remaining behaviors decreased BMI. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2434 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Utilization of the Maternal and Child Health Handbook in Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders / Tomoya HIROTA in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.551-559 Titre : Utilization of the Maternal and Child Health Handbook in Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tomoya HIROTA, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Masaki ADACHI, Auteur ; Amy SHUI, Auteur ; Michio TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Hiroyuki MORI, Auteur ; Kazuhiko NAKAMURA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.551-559 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : developmental milestones  early identification  neurodevelopmental disorders  parental concerns  universal healthcare Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is relatively little information about prospectively reported developmental milestones from caregivers of children who go on to be diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study examined rates of early skill attainment in 5-year-old children who participated in a comprehensive in-person assessment for NDDs in Hirosaki in Japan. Developmental milestone data were extracted from their Maternal and Child Health Handbook (MCHH), a booklet distributed to all pregnant women as part of universal health care. Seven hundred and twenty children underwent the assessment, among whom 455 received one or more NDD diagnoses (ASD: n = 124, non-ASD NDD: n = 331). Developmental skills were organized into four domains (motor, social interaction, communication, self-help), and the cumulative number of potential delays in each domain was calculated for each participant within three different age ranges (by 12?months, by 24?months, and by 36?months). Even by age 12?months, children with ASD/NDDs showed more potential delays across domains compared to those who received no NDD diagnosis. However, differences between those with ASD and those with non-ASD NDDs were not apparent until 24?months for social interaction and communication, and 36?months for self-help. These findings provide insights into specific behaviors that could be used to screen for ASD and other NDDs. In addition, the present study indicates the potential utility of the MCHH as a broadband screening tool to educate parents about what to look for in charting their child's early development. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined prospectively charted developmental milestones from home-based records used as part of universal health care in 720 5-year-old children from Hirosaki, Japan. All children participated in a comprehensive evaluation to determine if they met criteria for a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Compared to those who received no NDD diagnosis, children with NDDs exhibited higher rates of potential delays across developmental domains, including social interaction, communication, and self-help. For some children, these delays were apparent before the age of 12?months. Differences between diagnostic groups became even more pronounced by 24 and 36?months, well before the average age of diagnosis. This suggests that home-based records can be useful tools to educate caregivers about what to look for in charting their child's early development and could assist with early screening efforts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Utilization of the Maternal and Child Health Handbook in Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tomoya HIROTA, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Masaki ADACHI, Auteur ; Amy SHUI, Auteur ; Michio TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Hiroyuki MORI, Auteur ; Kazuhiko NAKAMURA, Auteur . - p.551-559. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.551-559 Mots-clés : developmental milestones  early identification  neurodevelopmental disorders  parental concerns  universal healthcare Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is relatively little information about prospectively reported developmental milestones from caregivers of children who go on to be diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study examined rates of early skill attainment in 5-year-old children who participated in a comprehensive in-person assessment for NDDs in Hirosaki in Japan. Developmental milestone data were extracted from their Maternal and Child Health Handbook (MCHH), a booklet distributed to all pregnant women as part of universal health care. Seven hundred and twenty children underwent the assessment, among whom 455 received one or more NDD diagnoses (ASD: n = 124, non-ASD NDD: n = 331). Developmental skills were organized into four domains (motor, social interaction, communication, self-help), and the cumulative number of potential delays in each domain was calculated for each participant within three different age ranges (by 12?months, by 24?months, and by 36?months). Even by age 12?months, children with ASD/NDDs showed more potential delays across domains compared to those who received no NDD diagnosis. However, differences between those with ASD and those with non-ASD NDDs were not apparent until 24?months for social interaction and communication, and 36?months for self-help. These findings provide insights into specific behaviors that could be used to screen for ASD and other NDDs. In addition, the present study indicates the potential utility of the MCHH as a broadband screening tool to educate parents about what to look for in charting their child's early development. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined prospectively charted developmental milestones from home-based records used as part of universal health care in 720 5-year-old children from Hirosaki, Japan. All children participated in a comprehensive evaluation to determine if they met criteria for a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Compared to those who received no NDD diagnosis, children with NDDs exhibited higher rates of potential delays across developmental domains, including social interaction, communication, and self-help. For some children, these delays were apparent before the age of 12?months. Differences between diagnostic groups became even more pronounced by 24 and 36?months, well before the average age of diagnosis. This suggests that home-based records can be useful tools to educate caregivers about what to look for in charting their child's early development and could assist with early screening efforts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Influence of Neighborhood Environment on Physical Activity Participation among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Nicole A FISCELLA in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.560-570 Titre : Influence of Neighborhood Environment on Physical Activity Participation among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole A FISCELLA, Auteur ; Layne K CASE, Auteur ; Jaehun JUNG, Auteur ; Joonkoo YUN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.560-570 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  built environment  neighborhood  physical activity  safety  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the positive influence of environmental factors on physical activity (PA) levels of children, further investigation is necessary when considering the unique characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood environment factors and PA among children with ASD by examining the extent to which (a) the built environment, (b) neighborhood safety, and (c) neighborhood support contributes to PA. A secondary data analysis using the 2016 and 2017 combined dataset of the National Survey of Children's Health was used. The total sample included 14,944 children between the ages of 6-17?years; of this, a sample of 494 children had a parent-reported diagnosis of ASD. Multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to explore the unique influences of the above three neighborhood environment factors on PA engagement. Among children with and without ASD, an association was found between feeling safe and engaging in PA, that is, the odds of engaging in PA are greater among children who were safe in their neighborhoods than children who were not in safe neighborhoods. Surprisingly, other neighborhood factors do not have a significant relationship with PA participation among children with ASD at this time. Future studies should consider how to incorporate the support of others and feeling of safety into the neighborhood along with how to improve accessibility of the built environment in order to increase PA for children with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: The results of this study showed that neighborhood factors influence physical activity (PA) among children with ASD differently compared to their peers without ASD. Children with ASD who live in safe neighborhoods are more likely to engage in PA, while other neighborhood factors, such as playgrounds and support, are not associated with an increased likelihood of engaging in PA at this time. Efforts should be made to improve neighborhood accessibility and design in order to increase PA among children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Influence of Neighborhood Environment on Physical Activity Participation among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole A FISCELLA, Auteur ; Layne K CASE, Auteur ; Jaehun JUNG, Auteur ; Joonkoo YUN, Auteur . - p.560-570. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.560-570 Mots-clés : autism  built environment  neighborhood  physical activity  safety  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the positive influence of environmental factors on physical activity (PA) levels of children, further investigation is necessary when considering the unique characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood environment factors and PA among children with ASD by examining the extent to which (a) the built environment, (b) neighborhood safety, and (c) neighborhood support contributes to PA. A secondary data analysis using the 2016 and 2017 combined dataset of the National Survey of Children's Health was used. The total sample included 14,944 children between the ages of 6-17?years; of this, a sample of 494 children had a parent-reported diagnosis of ASD. Multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to explore the unique influences of the above three neighborhood environment factors on PA engagement. Among children with and without ASD, an association was found between feeling safe and engaging in PA, that is, the odds of engaging in PA are greater among children who were safe in their neighborhoods than children who were not in safe neighborhoods. Surprisingly, other neighborhood factors do not have a significant relationship with PA participation among children with ASD at this time. Future studies should consider how to incorporate the support of others and feeling of safety into the neighborhood along with how to improve accessibility of the built environment in order to increase PA for children with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: The results of this study showed that neighborhood factors influence physical activity (PA) among children with ASD differently compared to their peers without ASD. Children with ASD who live in safe neighborhoods are more likely to engage in PA, while other neighborhood factors, such as playgrounds and support, are not associated with an increased likelihood of engaging in PA at this time. Efforts should be made to improve neighborhood accessibility and design in order to increase PA among children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

The Comorbidity of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Mood Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Yi-Ling CHIEN in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.571-581 Titre : The Comorbidity of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Mood Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yi-Ling CHIEN, Auteur ; Chi-Shin WU, Auteur ; Hui-Ju TSAI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.571-581 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : affect/emotion  comorbidity  gender difference  schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are often diagnosed with at least one or more accompanying disorders. Most studies reported prevalence of the psychiatric comorbidities among these individuals; however, the incidence of developing comorbidities is unclear. This study used Taiwan's claims database and aimed to investigate the incidence of developing major psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and whether the incidence was moderated by gender, autism-spectrum disorder subtypes, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. A total of 3,837 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (2,929 autistic disorder, 447 Asperger syndrome, 461 pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified) and 38,370 comparison subjects, who were matched by age and gender, were included. The incidences of schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar, and major depressive disorders was examined. The results showed that the incidences of schizophrenia spectrum (9.7 per 1,000 person-year), bipolar disorder (7.0 per 1,000 person-year), and major depressive disorder (3.2 per 1,000 person-year) were significantly higher than the comparison group across all three subtypes of autism-spectrum disorder. Individuals with pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified had higher risk for major depressive disorder than autistic disorder. Females with Asperger syndrome had significant higher risk for schizophrenia spectrum than males. The comorbidity rate dramatically dropped when the autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions were taken into account. Our findings suggested that the incidences of major psychiatric comorbidities were higher in autism spectrum disorder and influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. LAY SUMMARY: We examined whether people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher incidence of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depression using a large claims database. The results showed the incidences of these mental illness among individual with ASD were significantly higher than those without ASD. In addition, the incidences were influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2451 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] The Comorbidity of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Mood Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yi-Ling CHIEN, Auteur ; Chi-Shin WU, Auteur ; Hui-Ju TSAI, Auteur . - p.571-581. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.571-581 Mots-clés : affect/emotion  comorbidity  gender difference  schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are often diagnosed with at least one or more accompanying disorders. Most studies reported prevalence of the psychiatric comorbidities among these individuals; however, the incidence of developing comorbidities is unclear. This study used Taiwan's claims database and aimed to investigate the incidence of developing major psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and whether the incidence was moderated by gender, autism-spectrum disorder subtypes, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. A total of 3,837 individuals with autism spectrum disorder (2,929 autistic disorder, 447 Asperger syndrome, 461 pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified) and 38,370 comparison subjects, who were matched by age and gender, were included. The incidences of schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar, and major depressive disorders was examined. The results showed that the incidences of schizophrenia spectrum (9.7 per 1,000 person-year), bipolar disorder (7.0 per 1,000 person-year), and major depressive disorder (3.2 per 1,000 person-year) were significantly higher than the comparison group across all three subtypes of autism-spectrum disorder. Individuals with pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified had higher risk for major depressive disorder than autistic disorder. Females with Asperger syndrome had significant higher risk for schizophrenia spectrum than males. The comorbidity rate dramatically dropped when the autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions were taken into account. Our findings suggested that the incidences of major psychiatric comorbidities were higher in autism spectrum disorder and influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and autism-associated neurodevelopmental conditions. LAY SUMMARY: We examined whether people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher incidence of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depression using a large claims database. The results showed the incidences of these mental illness among individual with ASD were significantly higher than those without ASD. In addition, the incidences were influenced by autism subtypes, gender, and comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2451 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Prevalence and Age of Onset of Regression in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analytical Update / Christine TAN in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.582-598 Titre : Prevalence and Age of Onset of Regression in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analytical Update Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine TAN, Auteur ; Veronica FREWER, Auteur ; Georgina COX, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Alexandra URE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.582-598 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  children  onset  prevalence  regression  skill loss Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A systematic review published in 2013 reported 32% of children on the autism spectrum experience skill loss, known as autistic regression. However, the frequency varied depending on definition and measures used to capture skills. Retrospective parent report and prospective observation indicate loss of language and/or social skills, with motor skills typically unaffected. Our aim was to update the prevalence and age of onset of autistic regression through a meta-analysis of the literature to understand if there have been changes to the reported onset and prevalence since 2010. A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases and included studies published from 2010 onward. Risk of bias assessment was performed on included studies. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence and age of onset of autistic regression. Ninety-seven studies were included in the systematic review, of which 75 studies involving 33,014 participants had sufficient data for meta-analytic syntheses. The pooled proportion of autistic regression was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27-32%) but heterogeneity was high (I(2) =?96.91) and did not reduce with sensitivity or subgroup analyses based on study design or clinical differences, respectively. Prevalence varied according to risk of bias (low: 27%) and definition of regression (language: 20%, language/social: 40%, mixed: 30%, and unspecified: 27%). Weighted average age of onset was 19.8?months. Findings from this meta-analysis highlight the importance of developing a standardized definition of autistic regression, and tools to measure this at multiple time points during early childhood development. LAY SUMMARY: About a third of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder experience loss of skills, which is also known as autistic regression. This paper provides an update of the rate of autistic regression in children and the age when they first experience loss of skills, based on current studies. The findings from this review contribute to our understanding of the onset patterns of autistic regression. Unfortunately, studies are not sufficiently similar, making it difficult to provide clear answers on the exact timing or type of regression seen in different children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Prevalence and Age of Onset of Regression in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analytical Update [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine TAN, Auteur ; Veronica FREWER, Auteur ; Georgina COX, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Alexandra URE, Auteur . - p.582-598. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.582-598 Mots-clés : autism  children  onset  prevalence  regression  skill loss Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A systematic review published in 2013 reported 32% of children on the autism spectrum experience skill loss, known as autistic regression. However, the frequency varied depending on definition and measures used to capture skills. Retrospective parent report and prospective observation indicate loss of language and/or social skills, with motor skills typically unaffected. Our aim was to update the prevalence and age of onset of autistic regression through a meta-analysis of the literature to understand if there have been changes to the reported onset and prevalence since 2010. A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases and included studies published from 2010 onward. Risk of bias assessment was performed on included studies. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence and age of onset of autistic regression. Ninety-seven studies were included in the systematic review, of which 75 studies involving 33,014 participants had sufficient data for meta-analytic syntheses. The pooled proportion of autistic regression was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27-32%) but heterogeneity was high (I(2) =?96.91) and did not reduce with sensitivity or subgroup analyses based on study design or clinical differences, respectively. Prevalence varied according to risk of bias (low: 27%) and definition of regression (language: 20%, language/social: 40%, mixed: 30%, and unspecified: 27%). Weighted average age of onset was 19.8?months. Findings from this meta-analysis highlight the importance of developing a standardized definition of autistic regression, and tools to measure this at multiple time points during early childhood development. LAY SUMMARY: About a third of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder experience loss of skills, which is also known as autistic regression. This paper provides an update of the rate of autistic regression in children and the age when they first experience loss of skills, based on current studies. The findings from this review contribute to our understanding of the onset patterns of autistic regression. Unfortunately, studies are not sufficiently similar, making it difficult to provide clear answers on the exact timing or type of regression seen in different children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2463 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443