Dépouillements

Editorial: 'The early bird catches the worm'-the need for even earlier intervention and targeted prevention for mental illnesses / Helen L. FISHER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.369-371 Titre : Editorial: 'The early bird catches the worm'-the need for even earlier intervention and targeted prevention for mental illnesses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen L. FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.369-371 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Childhood  early intervention  mental health  personalised prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intervening early during childhood and adolescence to prevent mental health problems from becoming chronic, or even to prevent them occurring at all, has become an increasingly popular approach within the field of mental health over the past three decades. The importance of, and potential for, early preventive interventions in infancy, the pre-natal period and even pre-conception is highlighted by several of the papers featured in the current issue of the Journal, which are summarised in this editorial. Identifying children most at risk of mental illness in order to selectively target preventive efforts and carefully testing the effectiveness of these interventions, particularly in low-and middle-income country contexts, are crucial next steps as we move towards an era of more personalised and earlier prevention and intervention in mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Editorial: 'The early bird catches the worm'-the need for even earlier intervention and targeted prevention for mental illnesses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen L. FISHER, Auteur . - p.369-371. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.369-371 Mots-clés : Childhood  early intervention  mental health  personalised prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intervening early during childhood and adolescence to prevent mental health problems from becoming chronic, or even to prevent them occurring at all, has become an increasingly popular approach within the field of mental health over the past three decades. The importance of, and potential for, early preventive interventions in infancy, the pre-natal period and even pre-conception is highlighted by several of the papers featured in the current issue of the Journal, which are summarised in this editorial. Identifying children most at risk of mental illness in order to selectively target preventive efforts and carefully testing the effectiveness of these interventions, particularly in low-and middle-income country contexts, are crucial next steps as we move towards an era of more personalised and earlier prevention and intervention in mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Research review: A meta-analysis of the international prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in children between 1 and 7 years / Mira VASILEVA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.372-381 Titre : Research review: A meta-analysis of the international prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in children between 1 and 7 years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mira VASILEVA, Auteur ; Ramona K. GRAF, Auteur ; Tilman REINELT, Auteur ; Ulrike PETERMANN, Auteur ; Franz PETERMANN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.372-381 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mental disorder  comorbidity  epidemiology  preschool  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children younger than 7 years can develop mental disorders that might manifest differently than in older children or adolescents. However, little is known about the prevalence of mental disorders at this early age. METHODS: We systematically searched the literature in the databases Web of Science, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, MEDLINE, and Embase to identify epidemiological studies of community samples published between 2006 and 2020. A series of meta-analyses was conducted to estimate the pooled worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in general, specific mental disorders, and comorbidity in young children. RESULTS: A total of ten epidemiological studies reporting data on N = 18,282 children (12-83 months old) from eight countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of mental disorders in general was 20.1%, 95% CI [15.7, 25.4]. Most common disorders were oppositional defiant disorder (4.9%, 95% CI [2.5, 9.5]) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (4.3%, 95% CI [2.5, 7.2]). The prevalence of any anxiety disorders was 8.5%, 95% CI [5.2, 13.5], and of any depressive disorders was 1.1%, 95% CI [0.8, 1.6]. Comorbidity was estimated at 6.4%, 95% CI [1.3, 54.0]. CONCLUSIONS: The literature search reveals that the epidemiology of mental disorders in children younger than 7 years is still a neglected area of research. The findings also indicate that there are a significant number of young children suffering from mental disorders who need appropriate age-adapted treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13261 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Research review: A meta-analysis of the international prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in children between 1 and 7 years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mira VASILEVA, Auteur ; Ramona K. GRAF, Auteur ; Tilman REINELT, Auteur ; Ulrike PETERMANN, Auteur ; Franz PETERMANN, Auteur . - p.372-381. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.372-381 Mots-clés : Mental disorder  comorbidity  epidemiology  preschool  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children younger than 7 years can develop mental disorders that might manifest differently than in older children or adolescents. However, little is known about the prevalence of mental disorders at this early age. METHODS: We systematically searched the literature in the databases Web of Science, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, MEDLINE, and Embase to identify epidemiological studies of community samples published between 2006 and 2020. A series of meta-analyses was conducted to estimate the pooled worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in general, specific mental disorders, and comorbidity in young children. RESULTS: A total of ten epidemiological studies reporting data on N = 18,282 children (12-83 months old) from eight countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of mental disorders in general was 20.1%, 95% CI [15.7, 25.4]. Most common disorders were oppositional defiant disorder (4.9%, 95% CI [2.5, 9.5]) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (4.3%, 95% CI [2.5, 7.2]). The prevalence of any anxiety disorders was 8.5%, 95% CI [5.2, 13.5], and of any depressive disorders was 1.1%, 95% CI [0.8, 1.6]. Comorbidity was estimated at 6.4%, 95% CI [1.3, 54.0]. CONCLUSIONS: The literature search reveals that the epidemiology of mental disorders in children younger than 7 years is still a neglected area of research. The findings also indicate that there are a significant number of young children suffering from mental disorders who need appropriate age-adapted treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13261 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Deprivation and psychopathology in the Fragile Families Study: A 15-year longitudinal investigation / Adam Bryant MILLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.382-391 Titre : Deprivation and psychopathology in the Fragile Families Study: A 15-year longitudinal investigation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adam Bryant MILLER, Auteur ; Laura MACHLIN, Auteur ; Katie A. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Margaret A. SHERIDAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.382-391 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Deprivation  adversity  externalizing psychopathology  internalizing psychopathology  language  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Early adversity consistently predicts youth psychopathology. However, the pathways linking unique dimensions of early adversity, such as deprivation, to psychopathology are understudied. Here, we evaluate a theoretical model linking early deprivation exposure with psychopathology prospectively through language ability. METHODS: Participants included 2,301 youth (47.5% female) enrolled in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. We include data from assessment points at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15. Latent factors for deprivation and threat were modeled from multiple indicators at ages 1 and 3. Youth language ability was assessed at Age 5. Indicators of psychopathology were assessed at ages 5, 9, and 15. A structural equation model tested longitudinal paths to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology from experiences of deprivation and threat. RESULTS: Deprivation from birth to Age 3 was associated with an indirect effect on internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early childhood (Age 5), later childhood (Age 9), and adolescence (Age 15) via language ability in early childhood (Age 5). Early threat exposure was associated with increased internalizing and externalizing psychopathology across all ages. There was no significant indirect effect from threat to psychopathology via language ability. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of deprivation on psychopathology during early childhood, late childhood, and adolescence are explained, in part, through early childhood language ability. Results provide insight into language ability as a possible opportunity for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Deprivation and psychopathology in the Fragile Families Study: A 15-year longitudinal investigation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adam Bryant MILLER, Auteur ; Laura MACHLIN, Auteur ; Katie A. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Margaret A. SHERIDAN, Auteur . - p.382-391. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.382-391 Mots-clés : Deprivation  adversity  externalizing psychopathology  internalizing psychopathology  language  threat Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Early adversity consistently predicts youth psychopathology. However, the pathways linking unique dimensions of early adversity, such as deprivation, to psychopathology are understudied. Here, we evaluate a theoretical model linking early deprivation exposure with psychopathology prospectively through language ability. METHODS: Participants included 2,301 youth (47.5% female) enrolled in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. We include data from assessment points at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15. Latent factors for deprivation and threat were modeled from multiple indicators at ages 1 and 3. Youth language ability was assessed at Age 5. Indicators of psychopathology were assessed at ages 5, 9, and 15. A structural equation model tested longitudinal paths to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology from experiences of deprivation and threat. RESULTS: Deprivation from birth to Age 3 was associated with an indirect effect on internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early childhood (Age 5), later childhood (Age 9), and adolescence (Age 15) via language ability in early childhood (Age 5). Early threat exposure was associated with increased internalizing and externalizing psychopathology across all ages. There was no significant indirect effect from threat to psychopathology via language ability. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of deprivation on psychopathology during early childhood, late childhood, and adolescence are explained, in part, through early childhood language ability. Results provide insight into language ability as a possible opportunity for intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Commentary: Dimensionality in environmental adversity, mechanisms of emotional socialization, and children's characteristics and cognitive growth - a reflection on Miller et al. (2020) / Tin Q. NGUYEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.392-395 Titre : Commentary: Dimensionality in environmental adversity, mechanisms of emotional socialization, and children's characteristics and cognitive growth - a reflection on Miller et al. (2020) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tin Q. NGUYEN, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.392-395 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Disentangling the dimensionality in environmental adversity offers nuanced insights at both theoretical and practical levels, such as the ways that disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances during childhood development may contribute to adolescent psychopathology. Miller and colleagues (2020) provide evidence into how early deprivation and threat may exacerbate later psychopathology. Yet, how certain factors in this early environment differentially facilitate children's cognitive and socioemotional growth may modulate the severity of later psychopathology. In this commentary, we reflect on the promising evidence offered by Miller and colleagues and extend additional considerations regarding academic growth, cognitive abilities, and protective environmental factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13293 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Commentary: Dimensionality in environmental adversity, mechanisms of emotional socialization, and children's characteristics and cognitive growth - a reflection on Miller et al. (2020) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tin Q. NGUYEN, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur . - p.392-395. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.392-395 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Disentangling the dimensionality in environmental adversity offers nuanced insights at both theoretical and practical levels, such as the ways that disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances during childhood development may contribute to adolescent psychopathology. Miller and colleagues (2020) provide evidence into how early deprivation and threat may exacerbate later psychopathology. Yet, how certain factors in this early environment differentially facilitate children's cognitive and socioemotional growth may modulate the severity of later psychopathology. In this commentary, we reflect on the promising evidence offered by Miller and colleagues and extend additional considerations regarding academic growth, cognitive abilities, and protective environmental factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13293 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders / Maxine WINSTANLEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.396-403 Titre : Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maxine WINSTANLEY, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.396-403 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Young offenders  criminality  developmental language disorder  youth justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although factors such as adverse family background have been widely examined, little is known about the prevalence or potential impact of developmental language disorder (DLD) on risk of recidivism in young people with history of criminal justice system contact. METHODS: A total of 145 young offenders participated. An adversity score was constructed based on information found in youth justice service records. Data collected included standardised measures of expressive and receptive language, nonverbal IQ and the inventory of callous-unemotional traits. Survival analysis was performed to examine differences in reoffending risk between young offenders with and without DLD. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of reoffending within a year of the young person's court order was markedly raised in the DLD group (62%; 95% CI 52, 72) versus the non-DLD group (25%; 95% CI 16, 39). Furthermore, in the final multivariable survival analysis the independent elevation in risk linked with DLD was not greatly attenuated with adjustment for nonverbal IQ, adversity score, age at first offence, number of previous offences and deprivation score. DLD was the most significant predictor with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.61 (95% CI 1.80, 3.78). CONCLUSIONS: Young offenders with DLD are more than twice as likely to reoffend than their unaffected offending peers. DLD is a powerful predictor of recidivism above and beyond other known risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maxine WINSTANLEY, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur . - p.396-403. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.396-403 Mots-clés : Young offenders  criminality  developmental language disorder  youth justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although factors such as adverse family background have been widely examined, little is known about the prevalence or potential impact of developmental language disorder (DLD) on risk of recidivism in young people with history of criminal justice system contact. METHODS: A total of 145 young offenders participated. An adversity score was constructed based on information found in youth justice service records. Data collected included standardised measures of expressive and receptive language, nonverbal IQ and the inventory of callous-unemotional traits. Survival analysis was performed to examine differences in reoffending risk between young offenders with and without DLD. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of reoffending within a year of the young person's court order was markedly raised in the DLD group (62%; 95% CI 52, 72) versus the non-DLD group (25%; 95% CI 16, 39). Furthermore, in the final multivariable survival analysis the independent elevation in risk linked with DLD was not greatly attenuated with adjustment for nonverbal IQ, adversity score, age at first offence, number of previous offences and deprivation score. DLD was the most significant predictor with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.61 (95% CI 1.80, 3.78). CONCLUSIONS: Young offenders with DLD are more than twice as likely to reoffend than their unaffected offending peers. DLD is a powerful predictor of recidivism above and beyond other known risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Psychopathological precursors of the onset of mood disorders in offspring of parents with and without mood disorders: results of a 13-year prospective cohort high-risk study / Dominique RUDAZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.404-413 Titre : Psychopathological precursors of the onset of mood disorders in offspring of parents with and without mood disorders: results of a 13-year prospective cohort high-risk study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dominique RUDAZ, Auteur ; Caroline L. VANDELEUR, Auteur ; Mehdi GHOLAM, Auteur ; Enrique CASTELAO, Auteur ; Marie-Pierre F. STRIPPOLI, Auteur ; Pierre MARQUET, Auteur ; Jean-Michel AUBRY, Auteur ; Kathleen R. MERIKANGAS, Auteur ; Martin PREISIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.404-413 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mood disorders  anxiety disorders  drug misuse  offspring of bipolar parents  offspring of depressed parents  precursors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is still limited evidence from prospective high-risk research on the evolution of specific disorders that may emerge early in the development of mood disorders. Moreover, few studies have examined the specificity of mood disorder subtypes among offspring of parents with both major subtypes of mood disorders and controls based on prospective tracking across the transition from childhood to adulthood. Our specific objectives were to (a) identify differences in patterns of psychopathological precursors among youth with (hypo)mania compared to MDD and (b) examine whether these patterns differ by subtypes of parental mood disorders. METHODS: Our data stem from a prospective cohort study of 449 directly interviewed offspring (51% female, mean age 10.1 years at study intake) of 88 patients with BPD, 71 with MDD, 30 with substance use disorders and 60 medical controls. The mean duration of follow-up was 13.2 years with evaluations conducted every three years. RESULTS: Within the whole cohort of offspring, MDE (Hazard Ratio = 4.44; 95%CI: 2.19-9.02), CD (HR = 3.31;1.55-7.07) and DUD (HR = 2.54; 1.15-5.59) predicted the onset of (hypo)manic episodes, whereas MDD in offspring was predicted by SAD (HR = 1.53; 1.09-2.15), generalized anxiety (HR = 2.56; 1.05-6.24), and panic disorder (HR = 3.13; 1.06-9.23). The early predictors of (hypo)mania in the whole cohort were also significantly associated with the onset of (hypo)mania among the offspring of parents with BPD. CONCLUSIONS: The onset of mood disorders is frequently preceded by identifiable depressive episodes and nonmood disorders. These precursors differed by mood subtype in offspring. High-risk offspring with these precursors should be closely monitored to prevent the further development of MDD or conversion to BPD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Psychopathological precursors of the onset of mood disorders in offspring of parents with and without mood disorders: results of a 13-year prospective cohort high-risk study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dominique RUDAZ, Auteur ; Caroline L. VANDELEUR, Auteur ; Mehdi GHOLAM, Auteur ; Enrique CASTELAO, Auteur ; Marie-Pierre F. STRIPPOLI, Auteur ; Pierre MARQUET, Auteur ; Jean-Michel AUBRY, Auteur ; Kathleen R. MERIKANGAS, Auteur ; Martin PREISIG, Auteur . - p.404-413. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.404-413 Mots-clés : Mood disorders  anxiety disorders  drug misuse  offspring of bipolar parents  offspring of depressed parents  precursors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is still limited evidence from prospective high-risk research on the evolution of specific disorders that may emerge early in the development of mood disorders. Moreover, few studies have examined the specificity of mood disorder subtypes among offspring of parents with both major subtypes of mood disorders and controls based on prospective tracking across the transition from childhood to adulthood. Our specific objectives were to (a) identify differences in patterns of psychopathological precursors among youth with (hypo)mania compared to MDD and (b) examine whether these patterns differ by subtypes of parental mood disorders. METHODS: Our data stem from a prospective cohort study of 449 directly interviewed offspring (51% female, mean age 10.1 years at study intake) of 88 patients with BPD, 71 with MDD, 30 with substance use disorders and 60 medical controls. The mean duration of follow-up was 13.2 years with evaluations conducted every three years. RESULTS: Within the whole cohort of offspring, MDE (Hazard Ratio = 4.44; 95%CI: 2.19-9.02), CD (HR = 3.31;1.55-7.07) and DUD (HR = 2.54; 1.15-5.59) predicted the onset of (hypo)manic episodes, whereas MDD in offspring was predicted by SAD (HR = 1.53; 1.09-2.15), generalized anxiety (HR = 2.56; 1.05-6.24), and panic disorder (HR = 3.13; 1.06-9.23). The early predictors of (hypo)mania in the whole cohort were also significantly associated with the onset of (hypo)mania among the offspring of parents with BPD. CONCLUSIONS: The onset of mood disorders is frequently preceded by identifiable depressive episodes and nonmood disorders. These precursors differed by mood subtype in offspring. High-risk offspring with these precursors should be closely monitored to prevent the further development of MDD or conversion to BPD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Genetic and environmental influences on the developmental trajectory of callous-unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence / Yusuke TAKAHASHI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.414-423 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on the developmental trajectory of callous-unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yusuke TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Christopher R. PEASE, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.414-423 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  genetic and environmental aetiology  latent growth model  trajectory  twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study examined the genetic and environmental influences underlying baseline level and developmental course of callous-unemotional (CU) traits across childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The data on 8,958 twin pairs (3,108 MZ twin pairs and 5,850 DZ twin pairs) from the Twins Early Development Study were analysed. CU traits were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 by mothers and analysed using a biometric latent growth model. RESULTS: Individual differences in the baseline level of CU traits were highly heritable (76.5%), while the heritability of the developmental course of CU traits was moderate (43.6%). The genetic influences on baseline level and developmental course of CU traits were mostly nonoverlapping. Nonshared environment made a modest contribution to the baseline level of CU traits (21.7%). Nonshared environmental influences on the developmental course of CU traits were moderate (43.2%), with nearly half of them being the same as those influencing the baseline level and just over half being specific. Shared environmental effects did not contribute to systematic change across childhood and adolescence but were rather age-specific. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that rather than only being conceptualized as factors of stability, genes also play a dynamic role in explaining systematic change in CU traits. Genetic effects for the initial risk and subsequent development of CU traits are not the same. In addition to genetic factors, nonshared environmental influences play an important role in explaining why some children will increase or maintain their CU traits over time, whereas other will desist. New genetic and environmental influences with age suggest that repeated, age-tailored interventions may be required throughout development to make a lasting difference in the presentation of CU traits and associated outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on the developmental trajectory of callous-unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yusuke TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Christopher R. PEASE, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur . - p.414-423. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.414-423 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  genetic and environmental aetiology  latent growth model  trajectory  twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study examined the genetic and environmental influences underlying baseline level and developmental course of callous-unemotional (CU) traits across childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The data on 8,958 twin pairs (3,108 MZ twin pairs and 5,850 DZ twin pairs) from the Twins Early Development Study were analysed. CU traits were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 by mothers and analysed using a biometric latent growth model. RESULTS: Individual differences in the baseline level of CU traits were highly heritable (76.5%), while the heritability of the developmental course of CU traits was moderate (43.6%). The genetic influences on baseline level and developmental course of CU traits were mostly nonoverlapping. Nonshared environment made a modest contribution to the baseline level of CU traits (21.7%). Nonshared environmental influences on the developmental course of CU traits were moderate (43.2%), with nearly half of them being the same as those influencing the baseline level and just over half being specific. Shared environmental effects did not contribute to systematic change across childhood and adolescence but were rather age-specific. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that rather than only being conceptualized as factors of stability, genes also play a dynamic role in explaining systematic change in CU traits. Genetic effects for the initial risk and subsequent development of CU traits are not the same. In addition to genetic factors, nonshared environmental influences play an important role in explaining why some children will increase or maintain their CU traits over time, whereas other will desist. New genetic and environmental influences with age suggest that repeated, age-tailored interventions may be required throughout development to make a lasting difference in the presentation of CU traits and associated outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Commentary: Implications for future research on the genetic and environmental causes of callous-unemotional traits - a commentary on Takahashi et al (2020) / Paul J. FRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.424-426 Titre : Commentary: Implications for future research on the genetic and environmental causes of callous-unemotional traits - a commentary on Takahashi et al (2020) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul J. FRICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.424-426 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  assessment  genetics  parenting  stability  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Takahashi et al. (2020) showed that CU traits at age 7 were highly heritable, that the genetic influences underlying the course of CU traits from age 7 to 16 were largely independent from those underlying the initial level, and that the genetic influences on CU traits in early childhood were substantially different from the genetic influences on these traits in adolescence. This commentary on these important and provocative findings focuses on their implications for future research. Specifically, it notes that future studies attempting to find genetic loci related to CU traits need to consider that such loci may differ depending on the age of the sample and this research needs to consider several important considerations when measuring CU traits that can influence the results. Further, the results of Takahashi et al highlight the importance of environmental influences on the stability of CU traits that could play an important role in treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Commentary: Implications for future research on the genetic and environmental causes of callous-unemotional traits - a commentary on Takahashi et al (2020) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul J. FRICK, Auteur . - p.424-426. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.424-426 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits  assessment  genetics  parenting  stability  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Takahashi et al. (2020) showed that CU traits at age 7 were highly heritable, that the genetic influences underlying the course of CU traits from age 7 to 16 were largely independent from those underlying the initial level, and that the genetic influences on CU traits in early childhood were substantially different from the genetic influences on these traits in adolescence. This commentary on these important and provocative findings focuses on their implications for future research. Specifically, it notes that future studies attempting to find genetic loci related to CU traits need to consider that such loci may differ depending on the age of the sample and this research needs to consider several important considerations when measuring CU traits that can influence the results. Further, the results of Takahashi et al highlight the importance of environmental influences on the stability of CU traits that could play an important role in treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13291 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Bidirectional links between adolescent brain function and substance use moderated by cognitive control / Jungmeen KIM-SPOON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.427-436 Titre : Bidirectional links between adolescent brain function and substance use moderated by cognitive control Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jungmeen KIM-SPOON, Auteur ; Toria HERD, Auteur ; Alexis BRIEANT, Auteur ; Kristin M. PEVIANI, Auteur ; Nina LAUHARATANAHIRUN, Auteur ; Jacob LEE, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Warren K. BICKEL, Auteur ; Brooks KING-CASAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.427-436 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neural risk processing  cognitive control  functional neuroimaging  insula activation  neurotoxic effects  substance use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: No clear consensus exists as to whether neurodevelopmental abnormalities among substance users reflect predisposing neural risk factors, neurotoxic effects of substances, or both. Using a longitudinal design, we examined developmental patterns of the bidirectional links between neural mechanisms and substance use throughout adolescence. METHOD: 167 adolescents (aged 13-14 years at Time 1, 53% male) were assessed annually four times. Risk-related neural processing was assessed by blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses in the insula during a lottery choice task, cognitive control by behavioral performance during the Multi-Source Interference Task, and substance use by adolescents' self-reported cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use. RESULTS: Latent change score modeling indicated that greater substance use predicted increased insula activation during risk processing, but the effects of insula activation on changes in substance use were not significant. The coupling effect from substance use to insula activation was particularly strong for adolescents with low cognitive control, which supports the theorized moderating role of cognitive control. CONCLUSIONS: Our results elucidate how substance use may alter brain development to be biased toward maladaptive decision-making, particularly among adolescents with poor cognitive control. Furthermore, the current findings underscore that cognitive control may be an important target in the prevention and treatment of adolescent substance use given its moderating role in the neuroadaptive effects of substance use on brain development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13285 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Bidirectional links between adolescent brain function and substance use moderated by cognitive control [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jungmeen KIM-SPOON, Auteur ; Toria HERD, Auteur ; Alexis BRIEANT, Auteur ; Kristin M. PEVIANI, Auteur ; Nina LAUHARATANAHIRUN, Auteur ; Jacob LEE, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Warren K. BICKEL, Auteur ; Brooks KING-CASAS, Auteur . - p.427-436. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.427-436 Mots-clés : Neural risk processing  cognitive control  functional neuroimaging  insula activation  neurotoxic effects  substance use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: No clear consensus exists as to whether neurodevelopmental abnormalities among substance users reflect predisposing neural risk factors, neurotoxic effects of substances, or both. Using a longitudinal design, we examined developmental patterns of the bidirectional links between neural mechanisms and substance use throughout adolescence. METHOD: 167 adolescents (aged 13-14 years at Time 1, 53% male) were assessed annually four times. Risk-related neural processing was assessed by blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses in the insula during a lottery choice task, cognitive control by behavioral performance during the Multi-Source Interference Task, and substance use by adolescents' self-reported cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use. RESULTS: Latent change score modeling indicated that greater substance use predicted increased insula activation during risk processing, but the effects of insula activation on changes in substance use were not significant. The coupling effect from substance use to insula activation was particularly strong for adolescents with low cognitive control, which supports the theorized moderating role of cognitive control. CONCLUSIONS: Our results elucidate how substance use may alter brain development to be biased toward maladaptive decision-making, particularly among adolescents with poor cognitive control. Furthermore, the current findings underscore that cognitive control may be an important target in the prevention and treatment of adolescent substance use given its moderating role in the neuroadaptive effects of substance use on brain development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13285 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Commentary: Substance use and the brain: it is not straightforward to differentiate cause from consequence - a commentary on Kim-Spoon et al. (2020) / Sylia WILSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.437-440 Titre : Commentary: Substance use and the brain: it is not straightforward to differentiate cause from consequence - a commentary on Kim-Spoon et al. (2020) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sylia WILSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.437-440 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : That substance abuse is associated with differences in brain structure and function, and related neurocognitive impairment is undisputed. Causally informative study designs, such as the prospective, longitudinal study leveraged by Kim-Spoon et al. (2020), as well as twin and family studies, are necessary for answering vexing but critical questions about substance use and the developing brain. Investigations that seek to differentiate cause from consequence and identify the factors that initiate the cycle of addiction have the potential to transform our understanding of the development of substance use and abuse, prompt revisions to current models of addiction, guide the most strategic preventive-intervention efforts, and ultimately improve the lives of millions of affected individuals and their families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Commentary: Substance use and the brain: it is not straightforward to differentiate cause from consequence - a commentary on Kim-Spoon et al. (2020) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sylia WILSON, Auteur . - p.437-440. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.437-440 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : That substance abuse is associated with differences in brain structure and function, and related neurocognitive impairment is undisputed. Causally informative study designs, such as the prospective, longitudinal study leveraged by Kim-Spoon et al. (2020), as well as twin and family studies, are necessary for answering vexing but critical questions about substance use and the developing brain. Investigations that seek to differentiate cause from consequence and identify the factors that initiate the cycle of addiction have the potential to transform our understanding of the development of substance use and abuse, prompt revisions to current models of addiction, guide the most strategic preventive-intervention efforts, and ultimately improve the lives of millions of affected individuals and their families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Continuity of health anxiety from childhood to adolescence and associated healthcare costs: a prospective population-based cohort study / Martin K. RIMVALL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.441-448 Titre : Continuity of health anxiety from childhood to adolescence and associated healthcare costs: a prospective population-based cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martin K. RIMVALL, Auteur ; Pia JEPPESEN, Auteur ; Anne Mette SKOVGAARD, Auteur ; Frank VERHULST, Auteur ; Else Marie OLSEN, Auteur ; Charlotte Ulrikka RASK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.441-448 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Health anxiety  childhood and adolescence  healthcare costs  longitudinal cohort Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Severe health anxiety (HA) is characterized by excessive and impairing worry and preoccupation with health issues and can cause increased and unnecessary medical examinations. HA in childhood and adolescence is scarcely explored, hindering the potential for prevention and early intervention. METHODS: HA was assessed in 1,278 children/youths at two time points at ages 11 and 16 years in a general population-based birth cohort. Register-based data on costs related to nonhospital-based primary and secondary somatic health services were obtained over the follow-up period. The presence of functional somatic symptoms, emotional disorders and chronic somatic illness at baseline were included as covariates. RESULTS: High HA (top 10% score) at age 11 predicted high HA at age 16 (relative risk [RR] 2.03, 95% CI: 1.26-3.31). The group with persistent HA was small (n = 17, 1.3%), resulting in broad confidence intervals. The statistical effect of HA at age 11 on HA at age 16 was heavily reduced after adjustment for sex and all covariates (RR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.85-2.60). In the adjusted model, somatic illness at age 11 (RR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.22-2.98) and female sex (RR: 3.33, 95% CI: 2.01-5.50) were independently associated with HA at age 16. Persistent HA was associated with approximately doubled healthcare costs compared to the group with consistently low HA. Incident HA at age 16 was associated with increased costs over follow-up. The increased costs were not explained by chronic somatic illness. CONCLUSIONS: A small subgroup of children had persistent high levels of HA from late childhood to adolescence and displayed increased healthcare costs. Female sex and chronic somatic disorders at age 11 were independent risk factors of HA at age 16. These findings provide potential means of early identification and of therapeutic levers. Further intervention development and evaluation are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13286 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Continuity of health anxiety from childhood to adolescence and associated healthcare costs: a prospective population-based cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martin K. RIMVALL, Auteur ; Pia JEPPESEN, Auteur ; Anne Mette SKOVGAARD, Auteur ; Frank VERHULST, Auteur ; Else Marie OLSEN, Auteur ; Charlotte Ulrikka RASK, Auteur . - p.441-448. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.441-448 Mots-clés : Health anxiety  childhood and adolescence  healthcare costs  longitudinal cohort Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Severe health anxiety (HA) is characterized by excessive and impairing worry and preoccupation with health issues and can cause increased and unnecessary medical examinations. HA in childhood and adolescence is scarcely explored, hindering the potential for prevention and early intervention. METHODS: HA was assessed in 1,278 children/youths at two time points at ages 11 and 16 years in a general population-based birth cohort. Register-based data on costs related to nonhospital-based primary and secondary somatic health services were obtained over the follow-up period. The presence of functional somatic symptoms, emotional disorders and chronic somatic illness at baseline were included as covariates. RESULTS: High HA (top 10% score) at age 11 predicted high HA at age 16 (relative risk [RR] 2.03, 95% CI: 1.26-3.31). The group with persistent HA was small (n = 17, 1.3%), resulting in broad confidence intervals. The statistical effect of HA at age 11 on HA at age 16 was heavily reduced after adjustment for sex and all covariates (RR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.85-2.60). In the adjusted model, somatic illness at age 11 (RR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.22-2.98) and female sex (RR: 3.33, 95% CI: 2.01-5.50) were independently associated with HA at age 16. Persistent HA was associated with approximately doubled healthcare costs compared to the group with consistently low HA. Incident HA at age 16 was associated with increased costs over follow-up. The increased costs were not explained by chronic somatic illness. CONCLUSIONS: A small subgroup of children had persistent high levels of HA from late childhood to adolescence and displayed increased healthcare costs. Female sex and chronic somatic disorders at age 11 were independent risk factors of HA at age 16. These findings provide potential means of early identification and of therapeutic levers. Further intervention development and evaluation are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13286 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Investigating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder traits in the general population: What happens in adult life? / Lucy RIGLIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.449-457 Titre : Investigating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder traits in the general population: What happens in adult life? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy RIGLIN, Auteur ; Beate LEPPERT, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Ajay K. THAPAR, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur ; Evie STERGIAKOULI, Auteur ; Kate TILLING, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.449-457 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children  Neurodevelopmental  adult  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are generally considered early-onset disorders so most research has therefore tended to focus on children. Differences between ADHD/ASD in adult life and childhood have been noted, but few population-based studies have examined them in adulthood. Furthermore, the interpretation of findings is hampered by changes in measure and from parent report to self-report. METHOD: We examined continuous/trait measures of parent- and self-rated ADHD and ASD in adulthood (age 25 years) in a UK prospective longitudinal sample ALPSAC (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children), using many of the same measures that parents reported on in childhood (N = 6,064). Our aim was to investigate these traits in this population for mean-level sex differences, overlaps with other cognitive, learning and communication problems and their associations with polygenic risk scores (PRS) for neuropsychiatric disorders (ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia, depression and anxiety). RESULTS: ADHD and ASD traits in adulthood, as in childhood, showed associations with childhood cognitive, learning and communication problems and adult communication/language measures, although less so for self-ratings than parent-ratings. Males had higher ADHD and ASD trait levels, but this was not as marked as in childhood. In adulthood, ADHD (both parent- and self-rated) and ASD (parent-rated) symptoms showed associations with ADHD PRS; self-reported ADHD also showed association with depression PRS, whereas self-reported ASD did not show strong PRS associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in young adults, ADHD and ASD symptoms have similar characteristics as they do in childhood. Associations with other cognitive, learning and communication problems, and ADHD PRS were somewhat less pronounced for self-reported adult ADHD and ASD symptoms, suggesting that even at age 25, parent reports, where available, could be clinically useful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Investigating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder traits in the general population: What happens in adult life? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy RIGLIN, Auteur ; Beate LEPPERT, Auteur ; Kate LANGLEY, Auteur ; Ajay K. THAPAR, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; George DAVEY SMITH, Auteur ; Evie STERGIAKOULI, Auteur ; Kate TILLING, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur . - p.449-457. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.449-457 Mots-clés : Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children  Neurodevelopmental  adult  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are generally considered early-onset disorders so most research has therefore tended to focus on children. Differences between ADHD/ASD in adult life and childhood have been noted, but few population-based studies have examined them in adulthood. Furthermore, the interpretation of findings is hampered by changes in measure and from parent report to self-report. METHOD: We examined continuous/trait measures of parent- and self-rated ADHD and ASD in adulthood (age 25 years) in a UK prospective longitudinal sample ALPSAC (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children), using many of the same measures that parents reported on in childhood (N = 6,064). Our aim was to investigate these traits in this population for mean-level sex differences, overlaps with other cognitive, learning and communication problems and their associations with polygenic risk scores (PRS) for neuropsychiatric disorders (ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia, depression and anxiety). RESULTS: ADHD and ASD traits in adulthood, as in childhood, showed associations with childhood cognitive, learning and communication problems and adult communication/language measures, although less so for self-ratings than parent-ratings. Males had higher ADHD and ASD trait levels, but this was not as marked as in childhood. In adulthood, ADHD (both parent- and self-rated) and ASD (parent-rated) symptoms showed associations with ADHD PRS; self-reported ADHD also showed association with depression PRS, whereas self-reported ASD did not show strong PRS associations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in young adults, ADHD and ASD symptoms have similar characteristics as they do in childhood. Associations with other cognitive, learning and communication problems, and ADHD PRS were somewhat less pronounced for self-reported adult ADHD and ASD symptoms, suggesting that even at age 25, parent reports, where available, could be clinically useful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

An examination of maternal prenatal BMI and human fetal brain development / Megan E. NORR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.458-469 Titre : An examination of maternal prenatal BMI and human fetal brain development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan E. NORR, Auteur ; Jasmine L. HECT, Auteur ; Carly J. LENNIGER, Auteur ; Martijn P. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Auteur ; Moriah E. THOMASON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.458-469 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Functional connectivity  fMRI  obesity  prenatal  resting-state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal development is a time when the brain is acutely vulnerable to insult and alteration by environmental factors (e.g., toxins, maternal health). One important risk factor is maternal obesity (Body Mass Index > 30). Recent research indicates that high maternal BMI during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for numerous physical health, cognitive, and mental health problems in offspring across the lifespan. It is possible that heightened maternal prenatal BMI influences the developing brain even before birth. METHODS: The present study examines this possibility at the level of macrocircuitry in the human fetal brain. Using a data-driven strategy for parcellating the brain into subnetworks, we test whether MRI functional connectivity within or between fetal neural subnetworks varies with maternal prenatal BMI in 109 fetuses between the ages of 26 and 39weeks. RESULTS: We discovered that strength of connectivity between two subnetworks, left anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus (aIN/IFG) and bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), varied with maternal BMI. At the level of individual aIN/IFG-PFC connections, we observed both increased and decreased between-network connectivity with a tendency for increased within-hemisphere connectivity and reduced cross-hemisphere connectivity in higher BMI pregnancies. Maternal BMI was not associated with global differences in network topography based on network-based statistical analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Overall effects were localized in regions that will later support behavioral regulation and integrative processes, regions commonly associated with obesity-related deficits. By establishing onset in neural differences prior to birth, this study supports a model in which maternal BMI-related risk is associated with fetal connectome-level brain organization with implications for offspring long-term cognitive development and mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] An examination of maternal prenatal BMI and human fetal brain development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan E. NORR, Auteur ; Jasmine L. HECT, Auteur ; Carly J. LENNIGER, Auteur ; Martijn P. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Auteur ; Moriah E. THOMASON, Auteur . - p.458-469. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.458-469 Mots-clés : Functional connectivity  fMRI  obesity  prenatal  resting-state Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal development is a time when the brain is acutely vulnerable to insult and alteration by environmental factors (e.g., toxins, maternal health). One important risk factor is maternal obesity (Body Mass Index > 30). Recent research indicates that high maternal BMI during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for numerous physical health, cognitive, and mental health problems in offspring across the lifespan. It is possible that heightened maternal prenatal BMI influences the developing brain even before birth. METHODS: The present study examines this possibility at the level of macrocircuitry in the human fetal brain. Using a data-driven strategy for parcellating the brain into subnetworks, we test whether MRI functional connectivity within or between fetal neural subnetworks varies with maternal prenatal BMI in 109 fetuses between the ages of 26 and 39weeks. RESULTS: We discovered that strength of connectivity between two subnetworks, left anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus (aIN/IFG) and bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), varied with maternal BMI. At the level of individual aIN/IFG-PFC connections, we observed both increased and decreased between-network connectivity with a tendency for increased within-hemisphere connectivity and reduced cross-hemisphere connectivity in higher BMI pregnancies. Maternal BMI was not associated with global differences in network topography based on network-based statistical analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Overall effects were localized in regions that will later support behavioral regulation and integrative processes, regions commonly associated with obesity-related deficits. By establishing onset in neural differences prior to birth, this study supports a model in which maternal BMI-related risk is associated with fetal connectome-level brain organization with implications for offspring long-term cognitive development and mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13301 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm / Bethan DEAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.470-480 Titre : Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bethan DEAN, Auteur ; Lorna GINNELL, Auteur ; Victoria LEDSHAM, Auteur ; Athanasios TSANAS, Auteur ; Emma TELFORD, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.470-480 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social cognition  development  eye gaze  prematurity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm birth is associated with atypical social cognition in infancy, and cognitive impairment and social difficulties in childhood. Little is known about the stability of social cognition through childhood, and its relationship with neurodevelopment. We used eye-tracking in preterm and term-born infants to investigate social attentional preference in infancy and at 5 years, its relationship with neurodevelopment and the influence of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS: A cohort of 81 preterm and 66 term infants with mean (range) gestational age at birth 28(+5) (23(+2) -33(+0) ) and 40(+0) (37(+0) -42(+1) ) respectively, completed eye-tracking at 7-9 months, with a subset re-assessed at 5 years. Three free-viewing social tasks of increasing stimulus complexity were presented, and a social preference score was derived from looking time to socially informative areas. Socioeconomic data and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 5 years were collected. RESULTS: Preterm children had lower social preference scores at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls. Term-born children's scores were stable between time points, whereas preterm children showed a significant increase, reaching equivalent scores by 5 years. Low gestational age and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with reduced social preference scores at 7-9 months. At 5 years, preterm infants had lower Early Learning Composite scores than controls, but this was not associated with social attentional preference in infancy or at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm children have reduced social attentional preference at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls, but catch up by 5 years. Infant social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Social cognition and neurodevelopment have different trajectories following preterm birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bethan DEAN, Auteur ; Lorna GINNELL, Auteur ; Victoria LEDSHAM, Auteur ; Athanasios TSANAS, Auteur ; Emma TELFORD, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur . - p.470-480. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.470-480 Mots-clés : Social cognition  development  eye gaze  prematurity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm birth is associated with atypical social cognition in infancy, and cognitive impairment and social difficulties in childhood. Little is known about the stability of social cognition through childhood, and its relationship with neurodevelopment. We used eye-tracking in preterm and term-born infants to investigate social attentional preference in infancy and at 5 years, its relationship with neurodevelopment and the influence of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS: A cohort of 81 preterm and 66 term infants with mean (range) gestational age at birth 28(+5) (23(+2) -33(+0) ) and 40(+0) (37(+0) -42(+1) ) respectively, completed eye-tracking at 7-9 months, with a subset re-assessed at 5 years. Three free-viewing social tasks of increasing stimulus complexity were presented, and a social preference score was derived from looking time to socially informative areas. Socioeconomic data and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 5 years were collected. RESULTS: Preterm children had lower social preference scores at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls. Term-born children's scores were stable between time points, whereas preterm children showed a significant increase, reaching equivalent scores by 5 years. Low gestational age and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with reduced social preference scores at 7-9 months. At 5 years, preterm infants had lower Early Learning Composite scores than controls, but this was not associated with social attentional preference in infancy or at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm children have reduced social attentional preference at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls, but catch up by 5 years. Infant social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Social cognition and neurodevelopment have different trajectories following preterm birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445