Do Biological Sex and Early Developmental Milestones Predict the Age of First Concerns and Eventual Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Clare HARROP in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.156-168 Titre : Do Biological Sex and Early Developmental Milestones Predict the Age of First Concerns and Eventual Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Clare HARROP, Auteur ; Erin LIBSACK, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.156-168 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : diagnosis  early milestones  females  parental perceptions  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite advances in early detection, the average age of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis exceeds 4?years and is often later in females. In typical development, biological sex predicts inter-individual variation across multiple developmental milestones, with females often exhibiting earlier progression. The goal of this study was to examine sex differences in caregiver-reported developmental milestones (first word, phrase, walking) and their contribution to timing of initial concerns expressed by caregivers and eventual age of diagnosis. 195 (105 males) children and adolescents aged 8 to 17?years with a clinical diagnosis of ASD were recruited to the study (mean IQ = 99.76). While developmental milestones did not predict timing of diagnosis or age parents first expressed concerns, females had earlier first words and phrases than males. There was a marginal difference in the age of diagnosis, with females receiving their diagnosis 1?year later than males. Despite sex differences in developmental milestones and diagnostic variables, IQ was the most significant predictor in the timing of initial concerns and eventual diagnosis, suggesting children with lower IQ, regardless of sex, are identified and diagnosed earlier. Overall, biological sex and developmental milestones did not account for a large proportion of variance for the eventual age of ASD diagnosis, suggesting other factors (such as IQ and the timing of initial concerns) are potentially more influential. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, a later age of diagnosis in females having ASD was confirmed; however, biological sex was not the stronger predictor of age of diagnosis. Parents reported that females learned language more quickly than males, and parents noted their first concerns when females were older than males. In this sample, the strongest predictor of age of diagnosis was the age of first concerns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2446 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 [article] Do Biological Sex and Early Developmental Milestones Predict the Age of First Concerns and Eventual Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Clare HARROP, Auteur ; Erin LIBSACK, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur . - p.156-168. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.156-168 Mots-clés : diagnosis  early milestones  females  parental perceptions  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite advances in early detection, the average age of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis exceeds 4?years and is often later in females. In typical development, biological sex predicts inter-individual variation across multiple developmental milestones, with females often exhibiting earlier progression. The goal of this study was to examine sex differences in caregiver-reported developmental milestones (first word, phrase, walking) and their contribution to timing of initial concerns expressed by caregivers and eventual age of diagnosis. 195 (105 males) children and adolescents aged 8 to 17?years with a clinical diagnosis of ASD were recruited to the study (mean IQ = 99.76). While developmental milestones did not predict timing of diagnosis or age parents first expressed concerns, females had earlier first words and phrases than males. There was a marginal difference in the age of diagnosis, with females receiving their diagnosis 1?year later than males. Despite sex differences in developmental milestones and diagnostic variables, IQ was the most significant predictor in the timing of initial concerns and eventual diagnosis, suggesting children with lower IQ, regardless of sex, are identified and diagnosed earlier. Overall, biological sex and developmental milestones did not account for a large proportion of variance for the eventual age of ASD diagnosis, suggesting other factors (such as IQ and the timing of initial concerns) are potentially more influential. LAY SUMMARY: In this study, a later age of diagnosis in females having ASD was confirmed; however, biological sex was not the stronger predictor of age of diagnosis. Parents reported that females learned language more quickly than males, and parents noted their first concerns when females were older than males. In this sample, the strongest predictor of age of diagnosis was the age of first concerns. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2446 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441

Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates / Megha SANTHOSH ; Anna KRESSE ; Elizabeth AYLWARD ; Raphael BERNIER ; Susan BOOKHEIMER ; Shafali JESTE ; Allison JACK ; James C. MCPARTLAND ; Adam NAPLES ; John D. VAN HORN ; Kevin PELPHREY ; Sara Jane WEBB ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK in Autism Research, 16-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2364-2377 Titre : Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Anna KRESSE, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYLWARD, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2364-2377 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In youth broadly, EEG frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associates with affective style and vulnerability to psychopathology, with relatively stronger right activity predicting risk for internalizing and externalizing behaviors. In autistic youth, FAA has been related to ASD diagnostic features and to internalizing symptoms. Among our large, rigorously characterized, sex-balanced participant group, we attempted to replicate findings suggestive of altered FAA in youth with an ASD diagnosis, examining group differences and impact of sex assigned at birth. Second, we examined relations between FAA and behavioral variables (ASD features, internalizing, and externalizing) within autistic youth, examining effects by sex. Third, we explored whether the relation between FAA, autism features, and mental health was informed by maternal depression history. In our sample, FAA did not differ by diagnosis, age, or sex. However, youth with ASD had lower total frontal alpha power than youth without ASD. For autistic females, FAA and bilateral frontal alpha power correlated with social communication features, but not with internalizing or externalizing symptoms. For autistic males, EEG markers correlated with social communication features, and with externalizing behaviors. Exploratory analyses by sex revealed further associations between youth FAA, behavioral indices, and maternal depression history. In summary, findings suggest that individual differences in FAA may correspond to social-emotional and mental health behaviors, with different patterns of association for females and males with ASD. Longitudinal consideration of individual differences across levels of analysis (e.g., biomarkers, family factors, and environmental influences) will be essential to parsing out models of risk and resilience among autistic youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3032 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Anna KRESSE, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYLWARD, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; ACE GENDAAR NETWORK, Auteur . - p.2364-2377. in Autism Research > 16-12 (December 2023) . - p.2364-2377 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In youth broadly, EEG frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associates with affective style and vulnerability to psychopathology, with relatively stronger right activity predicting risk for internalizing and externalizing behaviors. In autistic youth, FAA has been related to ASD diagnostic features and to internalizing symptoms. Among our large, rigorously characterized, sex-balanced participant group, we attempted to replicate findings suggestive of altered FAA in youth with an ASD diagnosis, examining group differences and impact of sex assigned at birth. Second, we examined relations between FAA and behavioral variables (ASD features, internalizing, and externalizing) within autistic youth, examining effects by sex. Third, we explored whether the relation between FAA, autism features, and mental health was informed by maternal depression history. In our sample, FAA did not differ by diagnosis, age, or sex. However, youth with ASD had lower total frontal alpha power than youth without ASD. For autistic females, FAA and bilateral frontal alpha power correlated with social communication features, but not with internalizing or externalizing symptoms. For autistic males, EEG markers correlated with social communication features, and with externalizing behaviors. Exploratory analyses by sex revealed further associations between youth FAA, behavioral indices, and maternal depression history. In summary, findings suggest that individual differences in FAA may correspond to social-emotional and mental health behaviors, with different patterns of association for females and males with ASD. Longitudinal consideration of individual differences across levels of analysis (e.g., biomarkers, family factors, and environmental influences) will be essential to parsing out models of risk and resilience among autistic youth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3032 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

The gap between IQ and adaptive functioning in autism spectrum disorder: Disentangling diagnostic and sex differences / Goldie A. MCQUAID in Autism, 26-6 (August 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-6 (August 2022) . - p.1565-1579 Titre : The gap between IQ and adaptive functioning in autism spectrum disorder: Disentangling diagnostic and sex differences Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Raphael A. BERNIER, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1565-1579 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Female  Humans  Intellectual Disability  Male  Sex Characteristics  Social Skills  Iq  adaptive functioning  autism  sex differences  conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or  publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adaptive functioning refers to skills that are vital to success in day-to-day life, including daily living (e.g. grocery shopping, food preparation, transportation use), communication (e.g. verbal expression of needs), and socialization skills (e.g. interpersonal skills, including expressing and recognizing emotions, and understanding turn-taking in conversation). Among autistic individuals without intellectual disability, adaptive functioning is not commensurate with intellectual ability (IQ), and instead a gap exists between these individuals' intellectual ability and their adaptive skills. Further, these autistic individuals show a widening of this gap with increasing age. Existing studies of the gap between IQ and adaptive functioning have studied predominantly male samples. Thus, we do not know if the gap also exists in autistic females. We therefore looked at adaptive functioning and the gap between IQ and adaptive functioning in a large sample of autistic girls and boys without intellectual disability. To disentangle effects of group (autistic vs typically developing) from effects of sex (girls vs boys), we compared autistic girls and boys to one another as well as to their same-sex typically developing peers. Analyses took into consideration differences in IQ between autistic and typically developing youth. We found autistic girls, like autistic boys, show lower adaptive functioning than their same-sex typically developing peers. Results underscore the need to evaluate adaptive functioning in autistic individuals without intellectual disability and to provide necessary supports. The large gap between intellectual ability and socialization skills, in particular, may be of critical importance in improving our understanding of outcomes and mental health difficulties among autistic females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321995620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484 [article] The gap between IQ and adaptive functioning in autism spectrum disorder: Disentangling diagnostic and sex differences [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Raphael A. BERNIER, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.1565-1579. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-6 (August 2022) . - p.1565-1579 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Female  Humans  Intellectual Disability  Male  Sex Characteristics  Social Skills  Iq  adaptive functioning  autism  sex differences  conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or  publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adaptive functioning refers to skills that are vital to success in day-to-day life, including daily living (e.g. grocery shopping, food preparation, transportation use), communication (e.g. verbal expression of needs), and socialization skills (e.g. interpersonal skills, including expressing and recognizing emotions, and understanding turn-taking in conversation). Among autistic individuals without intellectual disability, adaptive functioning is not commensurate with intellectual ability (IQ), and instead a gap exists between these individuals' intellectual ability and their adaptive skills. Further, these autistic individuals show a widening of this gap with increasing age. Existing studies of the gap between IQ and adaptive functioning have studied predominantly male samples. Thus, we do not know if the gap also exists in autistic females. We therefore looked at adaptive functioning and the gap between IQ and adaptive functioning in a large sample of autistic girls and boys without intellectual disability. To disentangle effects of group (autistic vs typically developing) from effects of sex (girls vs boys), we compared autistic girls and boys to one another as well as to their same-sex typically developing peers. Analyses took into consideration differences in IQ between autistic and typically developing youth. We found autistic girls, like autistic boys, show lower adaptive functioning than their same-sex typically developing peers. Results underscore the need to evaluate adaptive functioning in autistic individuals without intellectual disability and to provide necessary supports. The large gap between intellectual ability and socialization skills, in particular, may be of critical importance in improving our understanding of outcomes and mental health difficulties among autistic females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321995620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484

The relationship between gamma-band neural oscillations and language skills in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their first-degree relatives / Vardan ARUTIUNIAN in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 19p. Titre : The relationship between gamma-band neural oscillations and language skills in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their first-degree relatives Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vardan ARUTIUNIAN, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Emily NEUHAUS, Auteur ; Heather BORLAND, Auteur ; Chris TOMPKINS, Auteur ; Raphael A. BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Abha R. GUPTA, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : 19p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Male  Female  Adolescent  Gamma Rhythm  Child  Electroencephalography  Language  Family  Siblings  Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)  Excitation/inhibition balance  Gamma power  Language skills  Unaffected siblings  Health, and BlackThorn Therapeutics, has received research funding from Janssen  Research and Development, serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Pastorus  and Modern Clinics, and receives royalties from Guilford Press, Lambert, Oxford,  and Springer. The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have co-occurring language impairments and some of these autism-specific language difficulties are also present in their non-autistic first-degree relatives. One of the possible neural mechanisms associated with variability in language functioning is alterations in cortical gamma-band oscillations, hypothesized to be related to neural excitation and inhibition balance. METHODS: We used a high-density 128-channel electroencephalography (EEG) to register brain response to speech stimuli in a large sex-balanced sample of participants: 125 youth with ASD, 121 typically developing (TD) youth, and 40 unaffected siblings (US) of youth with ASD. Language skills were assessed with Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals. RESULTS: First, during speech processing, we identified significantly elevated gamma power in ASD participants compared to TD controls. Second, across all youth, higher gamma power was associated with lower language skills. Finally, the US group demonstrated an intermediate profile in both language and gamma power, with nonverbal IQ mediating the relationship between gamma power and language skills. LIMITATIONS: We only focused on one of the possible neural contributors to variability in language functioning. Also, the US group consisted of a smaller number of participants in comparison to the ASD or TD groups. Finally, due to the timing issue in EEG system we have provided only non-phase-locked analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Autistic youth showed elevated gamma power, suggesting higher excitation in the brain in response to speech stimuli and elevated gamma power was related to lower language skills. The US group showed an intermediate pattern of gamma activity, suggesting that the broader autism phenotype extends to neural profiles. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00598-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] The relationship between gamma-band neural oscillations and language skills in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their first-degree relatives [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vardan ARUTIUNIAN, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Emily NEUHAUS, Auteur ; Heather BORLAND, Auteur ; Chris TOMPKINS, Auteur ; Raphael A. BERNIER, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Abha R. GUPTA, Auteur ; Allison JACK, Auteur ; Shafali JESTE, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Adam NAPLES, Auteur ; John D. VAN HORN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur . - 19p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 19p. Mots-clés : Humans  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Male  Female  Adolescent  Gamma Rhythm  Child  Electroencephalography  Language  Family  Siblings  Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)  Excitation/inhibition balance  Gamma power  Language skills  Unaffected siblings  Health, and BlackThorn Therapeutics, has received research funding from Janssen  Research and Development, serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Pastorus  and Modern Clinics, and receives royalties from Guilford Press, Lambert, Oxford,  and Springer. The remaining authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have co-occurring language impairments and some of these autism-specific language difficulties are also present in their non-autistic first-degree relatives. One of the possible neural mechanisms associated with variability in language functioning is alterations in cortical gamma-band oscillations, hypothesized to be related to neural excitation and inhibition balance. METHODS: We used a high-density 128-channel electroencephalography (EEG) to register brain response to speech stimuli in a large sex-balanced sample of participants: 125 youth with ASD, 121 typically developing (TD) youth, and 40 unaffected siblings (US) of youth with ASD. Language skills were assessed with Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals. RESULTS: First, during speech processing, we identified significantly elevated gamma power in ASD participants compared to TD controls. Second, across all youth, higher gamma power was associated with lower language skills. Finally, the US group demonstrated an intermediate profile in both language and gamma power, with nonverbal IQ mediating the relationship between gamma power and language skills. LIMITATIONS: We only focused on one of the possible neural contributors to variability in language functioning. Also, the US group consisted of a smaller number of participants in comparison to the ASD or TD groups. Finally, due to the timing issue in EEG system we have provided only non-phase-locked analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Autistic youth showed elevated gamma power, suggesting higher excitation in the brain in response to speech stimuli and elevated gamma power was related to lower language skills. The US group showed an intermediate pattern of gamma activity, suggesting that the broader autism phenotype extends to neural profiles. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00598-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

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