Dépouillements

Editorial: Focusing on a moving target: key themes for research and practice in adolescent mental health / Barbara MAUGHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1013-1014 Titre : Editorial: Focusing on a moving target: key themes for research and practice in adolescent mental health Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1013-1014 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02460.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Editorial: Focusing on a moving target: key themes for research and practice in adolescent mental health [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; David R. COGHILL, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1013-1014. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1013-1014 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02460.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Trends in psychopathology across the adolescent years: What changes when children become adolescents, and when adolescents become adults? / E. Jane COSTELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1015-1025 Titre : Trends in psychopathology across the adolescent years: What changes when children become adolescents, and when adolescents become adults? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. Jane COSTELLO, Auteur ; William COPELAND, Auteur ; Adrian ANGOLD, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1015-1025 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Epidemiology  adolescence  psychiatric disorders  continuity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders between childhood and adolescence, and adolescence and adulthood. Methods:  We reviewed papers reporting prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders separately for childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional papers published in the past 15 years were included. Results:  About one adolescent in five has a psychiatric disorder. From childhood to adolescence there is an increase in rates of depression, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and substance use disorders (SUD), and a decrease in separation anxiety disorder (SAD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). From adolescence to early adulthood there is a further increase in panic disorder, agoraphobia, and SUD, and a further decrease in SAD and ADHD. Other phobias and disruptive behavior disorders also fall. Conclusions:  Further study of changes in rates of disorder across developmental stages could inform etiological research and guide interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02446.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Trends in psychopathology across the adolescent years: What changes when children become adolescents, and when adolescents become adults? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. Jane COSTELLO, Auteur ; William COPELAND, Auteur ; Adrian ANGOLD, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1015-1025. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1015-1025 Mots-clés : Epidemiology  adolescence  psychiatric disorders  continuity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders between childhood and adolescence, and adolescence and adulthood. Methods:  We reviewed papers reporting prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders separately for childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional papers published in the past 15 years were included. Results:  About one adolescent in five has a psychiatric disorder. From childhood to adolescence there is an increase in rates of depression, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and substance use disorders (SUD), and a decrease in separation anxiety disorder (SAD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). From adolescence to early adulthood there is a further increase in panic disorder, agoraphobia, and SUD, and a further decrease in SAD and ADHD. Other phobias and disruptive behavior disorders also fall. Conclusions:  Further study of changes in rates of disorder across developmental stages could inform etiological research and guide interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02446.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents / Moriah E. THOMASON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1026-1034 Titre : Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Moriah E. THOMASON, Auteur ; J. Paul HAMILTON, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1026-1034 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Resting-state  adolescents  HPA axis  stress  subgenual cingulate  fMRI  salience network  connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Responses to stress vary greatly in young adolescents, and little is known about neural correlates of the stress response in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in cortisol responsivity following a social stress test in young adolescents is associated with altered neural functional connectivity (FC) of the salience network (SN) measured during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods:  Forty-nine typically developing young adolescents participated in a social stress test during which they contributed salivary cortisol samples. Following this, they underwent rs-fMRI scanning. We examined the association of FC of the SN [composed of anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula regions] with cortisol responsivity. Results:  Greater cortisol responsivity was significantly positively correlated with higher FC between subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (Cg25) and the SN, controlling for participant age. There were no regions of the brain that showed an inverse relation. Conclusions:  Brain systems that have been implicated in autonomic arousal and that influence subjective feeling states show altered FC associated with stress responsivity in early life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02422.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Moriah E. THOMASON, Auteur ; J. Paul HAMILTON, Auteur ; Ian H. GOTLIB, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1026-1034. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1026-1034 Mots-clés : Resting-state  adolescents  HPA axis  stress  subgenual cingulate  fMRI  salience network  connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Responses to stress vary greatly in young adolescents, and little is known about neural correlates of the stress response in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in cortisol responsivity following a social stress test in young adolescents is associated with altered neural functional connectivity (FC) of the salience network (SN) measured during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods:  Forty-nine typically developing young adolescents participated in a social stress test during which they contributed salivary cortisol samples. Following this, they underwent rs-fMRI scanning. We examined the association of FC of the SN [composed of anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula regions] with cortisol responsivity. Results:  Greater cortisol responsivity was significantly positively correlated with higher FC between subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (Cg25) and the SN, controlling for participant age. There were no regions of the brain that showed an inverse relation. Conclusions:  Brain systems that have been implicated in autonomic arousal and that influence subjective feeling states show altered FC associated with stress responsivity in early life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02422.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Investigation of cool and hot executive function in ODD/CD independently of ADHD / Christopher W. HOBSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1035-1043 Titre : Investigation of cool and hot executive function in ODD/CD independently of ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christopher W. HOBSON, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1035-1043 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neuropsychology  executive functioning  ADHD;ODD  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Children with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) have shown deficits in ‘cool’ abstract-cognitive, and ‘hot’ reward-related executive function (EF) tasks. However, it is currently unclear to what extent ODD/CD is associated with neuropsychological deficits, independently of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:  Fifty-nine adolescents with a history of early-onset oppositional problems, 28 with pure ODD/CD symptoms and 31 with ADHD with or without ODD/CD, and 34 healthy controls were administered a task battery measuring motor response inhibition, sustained attention, cognitive flexibility and reward-related decision-making. Findings were analysed using dimensional and group analyses. Results:  In group analyses both groups with and without ADHD were impaired in EF measures. Dimensional analyses, however, showed that ODD/CD but not ADHD was related to hot EF based on increased risky decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task. ODD/CD was also independently related to aspects of cool EF independently of ADHD, namely slower speeds of inhibitory responding and increased intra-subject variability. Conclusions:  These findings show EF deficits associated with ODD/CD independently of ADHD, and implicate reward-related abnormalities in theories of antisocial behaviour development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02454.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Investigation of cool and hot executive function in ODD/CD independently of ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christopher W. HOBSON, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1035-1043. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1035-1043 Mots-clés : Neuropsychology  executive functioning  ADHD;ODD  conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Children with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) have shown deficits in ‘cool’ abstract-cognitive, and ‘hot’ reward-related executive function (EF) tasks. However, it is currently unclear to what extent ODD/CD is associated with neuropsychological deficits, independently of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:  Fifty-nine adolescents with a history of early-onset oppositional problems, 28 with pure ODD/CD symptoms and 31 with ADHD with or without ODD/CD, and 34 healthy controls were administered a task battery measuring motor response inhibition, sustained attention, cognitive flexibility and reward-related decision-making. Findings were analysed using dimensional and group analyses. Results:  In group analyses both groups with and without ADHD were impaired in EF measures. Dimensional analyses, however, showed that ODD/CD but not ADHD was related to hot EF based on increased risky decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task. ODD/CD was also independently related to aspects of cool EF independently of ADHD, namely slower speeds of inhibitory responding and increased intra-subject variability. Conclusions:  These findings show EF deficits associated with ODD/CD independently of ADHD, and implicate reward-related abnormalities in theories of antisocial behaviour development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02454.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

The dopamine D2 receptor gene, perceived parental support, and adolescent loneliness: longitudinal evidence for gene–environment interactions / Eeske VAN ROEKEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1044-1051 Titre : The dopamine D2 receptor gene, perceived parental support, and adolescent loneliness: longitudinal evidence for gene–environment interactions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eeske VAN ROEKEL, Auteur ; Luc GOOSSENS, Auteur ; Ron H. J. SCHOLTE, Auteur ; Rutger C.M.E. ENGELS, Auteur ; Maaike VERHAGEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1044-1051 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : loneliness  dopamine D2 receptor gene  DRD2  parental support  gene–environment interaction  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Loneliness is a common problem in adolescence. Earlier research focused on genes within the serotonin and oxytocin systems, but no studies have examined the role of dopamine-related genes in loneliness. In the present study, we focused on the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2). Methods:  Associations among the DRD2, sex, parental support, and loneliness were examined in a longitudinal study spanning five annual waves (N = 307). Results:  Using Latent Growth Curve Modeling, DRD2 genotype was not directly related to loneliness. Interactions were found between parental support and DRD2 genotype, showing that adolescents with the A2A2 genotype who perceived little support from their parents had the highest baseline levels of loneliness. Adolescents with an A1 allele were not susceptible to the rewarding effect of parental support. Conclusions:  The present study is the first to examine the role of the DRD2 genotype in loneliness. Our results contribute to a further understanding of the environmental and genetic basis of loneliness in adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02424.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] The dopamine D2 receptor gene, perceived parental support, and adolescent loneliness: longitudinal evidence for gene–environment interactions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eeske VAN ROEKEL, Auteur ; Luc GOOSSENS, Auteur ; Ron H. J. SCHOLTE, Auteur ; Rutger C.M.E. ENGELS, Auteur ; Maaike VERHAGEN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1044-1051. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1044-1051 Mots-clés : loneliness  dopamine D2 receptor gene  DRD2  parental support  gene–environment interaction  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Loneliness is a common problem in adolescence. Earlier research focused on genes within the serotonin and oxytocin systems, but no studies have examined the role of dopamine-related genes in loneliness. In the present study, we focused on the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2). Methods:  Associations among the DRD2, sex, parental support, and loneliness were examined in a longitudinal study spanning five annual waves (N = 307). Results:  Using Latent Growth Curve Modeling, DRD2 genotype was not directly related to loneliness. Interactions were found between parental support and DRD2 genotype, showing that adolescents with the A2A2 genotype who perceived little support from their parents had the highest baseline levels of loneliness. Adolescents with an A1 allele were not susceptible to the rewarding effect of parental support. Conclusions:  The present study is the first to examine the role of the DRD2 genotype in loneliness. Our results contribute to a further understanding of the environmental and genetic basis of loneliness in adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02424.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Attachment in adolescence: overlap with parenting and unique prediction of behavioural adjustment / Stephen SCOTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1052-1062 Titre : Attachment in adolescence: overlap with parenting and unique prediction of behavioural adjustment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. BRISKMAN, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Sajid HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1052-1062 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment  antisocial behaviour  behaviour problems  adolescence  parent–child relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Attachment theory was conceptualized by Bowlby as relevant across the life span, from ‘cradle to grave’. The research literature on attachment in infants and preschool-aged children is extensive, but it is limited in adolescence. In particular, it is unclear whether or not attachment security is distinguishable from other qualities of the parent–adolescent relationship and predicts adjustment independently of alternate measures of it. Methods:  Data from three parallel studies of adolescents, representing normal- to high-risk status, were combined, n = 248. Attachment was assessed using the Child Attachment Interview, a recently constructed measure designed for older children and adolescents. Parent–adolescent relationship quality was assessed in detail through questionnaires, interviews and observation of a standard problem-solving interaction. Adolescent adjustment was assessed through parental psychiatric interview, teacher questionnaire and adolescent self-report. Results:  Bivariate analyses showed that secure attachment representations were modestly associated with diverse measures of the current parent–adolescent relationship such as monitoring, negative expressed emotion, and directly observed parental warmth and anger. In addition, attachment representations were reliably associated with key indicators of psychological adjustment in adolescence, including parent-rated oppositional-defiant disorder symptoms and teacher-reported emotional and behavioural difficulties. Regression analyses revealed that secure attachment representations explained unique variance in these indicators of adjustment, independent of alternative measures of the parent–adolescent relationship. Conclusion:  Adolescents’ representational models of attachment are related to but distinct from current parenting quality and provide unique insight into the understanding of behavioural adjustment. The findings support a distinct conceptual role of attachment representations in adolescence. Clinical assessment and treatment models should include attachment patterns in this age group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02453.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Attachment in adolescence: overlap with parenting and unique prediction of behavioural adjustment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen SCOTT, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. BRISKMAN, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Sajid HUMAYUN, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1052-1062. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1052-1062 Mots-clés : Attachment  antisocial behaviour  behaviour problems  adolescence  parent–child relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Attachment theory was conceptualized by Bowlby as relevant across the life span, from ‘cradle to grave’. The research literature on attachment in infants and preschool-aged children is extensive, but it is limited in adolescence. In particular, it is unclear whether or not attachment security is distinguishable from other qualities of the parent–adolescent relationship and predicts adjustment independently of alternate measures of it. Methods:  Data from three parallel studies of adolescents, representing normal- to high-risk status, were combined, n = 248. Attachment was assessed using the Child Attachment Interview, a recently constructed measure designed for older children and adolescents. Parent–adolescent relationship quality was assessed in detail through questionnaires, interviews and observation of a standard problem-solving interaction. Adolescent adjustment was assessed through parental psychiatric interview, teacher questionnaire and adolescent self-report. Results:  Bivariate analyses showed that secure attachment representations were modestly associated with diverse measures of the current parent–adolescent relationship such as monitoring, negative expressed emotion, and directly observed parental warmth and anger. In addition, attachment representations were reliably associated with key indicators of psychological adjustment in adolescence, including parent-rated oppositional-defiant disorder symptoms and teacher-reported emotional and behavioural difficulties. Regression analyses revealed that secure attachment representations explained unique variance in these indicators of adjustment, independent of alternative measures of the parent–adolescent relationship. Conclusion:  Adolescents’ representational models of attachment are related to but distinct from current parenting quality and provide unique insight into the understanding of behavioural adjustment. The findings support a distinct conceptual role of attachment representations in adolescence. Clinical assessment and treatment models should include attachment patterns in this age group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02453.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Risk and protective factors for nicotine dependence in adolescence / Mei-Chen HU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1063-1072 Titre : Risk and protective factors for nicotine dependence in adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mei-Chen HU, Auteur ; Pamela GRIESLER, Auteur ; Christine SCHAFFRAN, Auteur ; Denise KANDEL, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1063-1072 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent nicotine dependence  pleasant initial sensitivity  parental nicotine dependence  conduct problems  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We investigated the role of psychosocial and proximal contextual factors on nicotine dependence in adolescence. Methods: Data on a multiethnic cohort of 6th to 10th graders from the Chicago public schools were obtained from four household interviews conducted with adolescents over two years and one interview with mothers. Structural equation models were estimated on 660 youths who had smoked cigarettes by the first interview. Results: Pleasant initial sensitivity to tobacco use, parental nicotine dependence (ND), adolescent ND and extensiveness of smoking at the initial interview had the strongest total effects on adolescent ND two years later. Perceived peer smoking and adolescent conduct problems were of lesser importance. Parental ND directly impacted adolescent ND two years later and had indirect effects through pleasant initial sensitivity and initial extensiveness of smoking. Parental depression affected initial adolescent dependence and depression but adolescent depression had no effect on ND. The model had greater explanatory power for males than females due partly to the stronger effect of conduct problems on dependence for males than females. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of the initial drug experience and familial factors on adolescent nicotine dependence and highlight the factors to be the focus of efforts targeted toward preventing ND among adolescents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02362.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Risk and protective factors for nicotine dependence in adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mei-Chen HU, Auteur ; Pamela GRIESLER, Auteur ; Christine SCHAFFRAN, Auteur ; Denise KANDEL, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1063-1072. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1063-1072 Mots-clés : Adolescent nicotine dependence  pleasant initial sensitivity  parental nicotine dependence  conduct problems  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We investigated the role of psychosocial and proximal contextual factors on nicotine dependence in adolescence. Methods: Data on a multiethnic cohort of 6th to 10th graders from the Chicago public schools were obtained from four household interviews conducted with adolescents over two years and one interview with mothers. Structural equation models were estimated on 660 youths who had smoked cigarettes by the first interview. Results: Pleasant initial sensitivity to tobacco use, parental nicotine dependence (ND), adolescent ND and extensiveness of smoking at the initial interview had the strongest total effects on adolescent ND two years later. Perceived peer smoking and adolescent conduct problems were of lesser importance. Parental ND directly impacted adolescent ND two years later and had indirect effects through pleasant initial sensitivity and initial extensiveness of smoking. Parental depression affected initial adolescent dependence and depression but adolescent depression had no effect on ND. The model had greater explanatory power for males than females due partly to the stronger effect of conduct problems on dependence for males than females. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of the initial drug experience and familial factors on adolescent nicotine dependence and highlight the factors to be the focus of efforts targeted toward preventing ND among adolescents. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02362.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Where do youth learn about suicides on the Internet, and what influence does this have on suicidal ideation? / Sally M. DUNLOP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1073-1080 Titre : Where do youth learn about suicides on the Internet, and what influence does this have on suicidal ideation? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sally M. DUNLOP, Auteur ; Eian MORE, Auteur ; Daniel ROMER, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1073-1080 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Internet sites  suicidal ideation  adolescents;social networking  online discussion forums  online news  hopelessness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Young people are susceptible to suicidal behavior as a result of learning about the suicidal behavior of others. This study was designed to determine whether Internet sites, such as online news and social networking websites, expose young people to suicide stories that might increase suicide ideation. Method:  We reinterviewed 719 young people ages 14 to 24 who had participated in a prior nationally representative survey. Respondents reported knowledge of persons they knew who had committed or attempted suicide as well as personal experiences of hopelessness and suicidal ideation on both occasions. On the second occasion one year later, they also reported use of various Internet platforms and how often they had been exposed to suicide stories on those sites, as well as from personal sources. Changes in ideation as a function of exposure to different sources of suicide stories were analyzed holding constant prior hopelessness and ideation. Results:  While traditional sources of information about suicide were most often cited (79% were from friends and family or newspapers), online sources were also quite common (59%). Social networking sites were frequently cited as sources, but these reports were not linked to increases in ideation. However, online discussion forums were both cited as sources and associated with increases in ideation. Conclusions:  The Internet and especially social networking sites are important sources of suicide stories. However, discussion forums appear to be particularly associated with increases in suicidal ideation. Greater efforts should be undertaken to promote Internet sites directed to young people that enhance effective coping with hopelessness and suicidal ideation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02416.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Where do youth learn about suicides on the Internet, and what influence does this have on suicidal ideation? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sally M. DUNLOP, Auteur ; Eian MORE, Auteur ; Daniel ROMER, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1073-1080. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1073-1080 Mots-clés : Internet sites  suicidal ideation  adolescents;social networking  online discussion forums  online news  hopelessness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Young people are susceptible to suicidal behavior as a result of learning about the suicidal behavior of others. This study was designed to determine whether Internet sites, such as online news and social networking websites, expose young people to suicide stories that might increase suicide ideation. Method:  We reinterviewed 719 young people ages 14 to 24 who had participated in a prior nationally representative survey. Respondents reported knowledge of persons they knew who had committed or attempted suicide as well as personal experiences of hopelessness and suicidal ideation on both occasions. On the second occasion one year later, they also reported use of various Internet platforms and how often they had been exposed to suicide stories on those sites, as well as from personal sources. Changes in ideation as a function of exposure to different sources of suicide stories were analyzed holding constant prior hopelessness and ideation. Results:  While traditional sources of information about suicide were most often cited (79% were from friends and family or newspapers), online sources were also quite common (59%). Social networking sites were frequently cited as sources, but these reports were not linked to increases in ideation. However, online discussion forums were both cited as sources and associated with increases in ideation. Conclusions:  The Internet and especially social networking sites are important sources of suicide stories. However, discussion forums appear to be particularly associated with increases in suicidal ideation. Greater efforts should be undertaken to promote Internet sites directed to young people that enhance effective coping with hopelessness and suicidal ideation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02416.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

An emerging income differential for adolescent emotional problems / Emma GORE LANGTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1081-1088 Titre : An emerging income differential for adolescent emotional problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emma GORE LANGTON, Auteur ; Stephan COLLISHAW, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1081-1088 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Income gradient;adolescence;emotional problems;sociodemographic risk factors  family factors  National Child Development Study  British Cohort Study  British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  While there is considerable evidence of income gradients in child and adolescent behaviour problems, evidence relating to children and young people’s emotional difficulties is more mixed. Older studies reported no income differentials, while recent reports suggest that adolescents from low-income families are more likely to experience emotional difficulties than their more affluent peers. Methods:  We compared the association between low- versus medium-/high-family income and parent-reported emotional difficulties in 15- and 16-year-olds in three large nationally representative cohorts studied in 1974, 1986 and 1999/2004. We then examined whether increases in the income differential could be accounted for by changes in the association of a range of sociodemographic factors (family type or size, maternal education or housing tenure) with either family income or emotional difficulties. Finally, in the most recent cohorts, we considered whether the effects of these sociodemographic variables were mediated by more proximal family factors (maternal distress, stressful life events or family dysfunction). Results:  An increasing income differential in adolescent emotional problems emerged over the period, with standardized coefficients for associations with low income increasing from .07 in 1974 and 1986 to .30 in 1999/2004. This was due partially (∼10%) to sociodemographic risk factors for emotional difficulties becoming more strongly associated with low-income families over time, and partially (∼40%) to the increasing impact of these risk factors. In the most recent cohorts, about 40% of the effects of sociodemographic risks appear to have been mediated by more proximal family factors. Conclusions:  These findings have implications for our understanding of the health burden of emotional problems, recognition of the health burden associated with inequality and public concern about the consequences of social change. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02447.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] An emerging income differential for adolescent emotional problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emma GORE LANGTON, Auteur ; Stephan COLLISHAW, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1081-1088. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1081-1088 Mots-clés : Income gradient;adolescence;emotional problems;sociodemographic risk factors  family factors  National Child Development Study  British Cohort Study  British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  While there is considerable evidence of income gradients in child and adolescent behaviour problems, evidence relating to children and young people’s emotional difficulties is more mixed. Older studies reported no income differentials, while recent reports suggest that adolescents from low-income families are more likely to experience emotional difficulties than their more affluent peers. Methods:  We compared the association between low- versus medium-/high-family income and parent-reported emotional difficulties in 15- and 16-year-olds in three large nationally representative cohorts studied in 1974, 1986 and 1999/2004. We then examined whether increases in the income differential could be accounted for by changes in the association of a range of sociodemographic factors (family type or size, maternal education or housing tenure) with either family income or emotional difficulties. Finally, in the most recent cohorts, we considered whether the effects of these sociodemographic variables were mediated by more proximal family factors (maternal distress, stressful life events or family dysfunction). Results:  An increasing income differential in adolescent emotional problems emerged over the period, with standardized coefficients for associations with low income increasing from .07 in 1974 and 1986 to .30 in 1999/2004. This was due partially (∼10%) to sociodemographic risk factors for emotional difficulties becoming more strongly associated with low-income families over time, and partially (∼40%) to the increasing impact of these risk factors. In the most recent cohorts, about 40% of the effects of sociodemographic risks appear to have been mediated by more proximal family factors. Conclusions:  These findings have implications for our understanding of the health burden of emotional problems, recognition of the health burden associated with inequality and public concern about the consequences of social change. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02447.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Two-year diagnostic stability in early-onset first-episode psychosis / Josefina CASTRO-FORNIELES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1089-1098 Titre : Two-year diagnostic stability in early-onset first-episode psychosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Josefina CASTRO-FORNIELES, Auteur ; Elena DE LA SERNA, Auteur ; Ana GONZALEZ-PINTO, Auteur ; Mara PARELLADA, Auteur ; Montserrat GRAELL, Auteur ; Dolores MORENO, Auteur ; Soraya OTERO, Auteur ; Celso ARANGO, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1089-1098 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : psychosis  diagnosis  schizophrenia  bipolar disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Only one study has used a prospective method to analyze the diagnostic stability of first psychotic episodes in children and adolescents. The Child and Adolescent First-Episode Psychosis Study (CAFEPS) is a 2-year, prospective longitudinal study of early-onset first episodes of psychosis (EO-FEP). Aim:  To describe diagnostic stability and the variables related to diagnostic changes. Methods:  Participants were 83 patients (aged 9–17 years) with an EO-FEP consecutively attended. They were assessed with a structured interview (Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime version) and clinical scales at baseline and after 2 years. Results:  The global consistency for all diagnoses was 63.9%. The small group of bipolar disorder had high stability (92.31%) as did the group with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (90.00%). Depressive disorder had lower stability (37.50%) and the lowest values were for psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (11.76%) and brief psychotic disorder (0%).The most frequent diagnostic shift was to schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders. One group of patients did not meet the criteria for any diagnosis at follow-up. Independent predictors of change to schizophrenia spectrum disorders were lower scores on the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Predictors of not having a diagnosis at follow-up were the CGAS and the Strauss–Carpenter Outcome Scale. Conclusions:  Global diagnostic stability was 63.9%. Bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders were the most stable diagnoses, while depressive disorder and other psychosis the least stable. Psychosocial functioning at baseline was a good predictor of diagnosis at follow-up. These data show the need for longitudinal follow-up in EO-FEP before a stable diagnosis is reached. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02443.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Two-year diagnostic stability in early-onset first-episode psychosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Josefina CASTRO-FORNIELES, Auteur ; Elena DE LA SERNA, Auteur ; Ana GONZALEZ-PINTO, Auteur ; Mara PARELLADA, Auteur ; Montserrat GRAELL, Auteur ; Dolores MORENO, Auteur ; Soraya OTERO, Auteur ; Celso ARANGO, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1089-1098. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1089-1098 Mots-clés : psychosis  diagnosis  schizophrenia  bipolar disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Only one study has used a prospective method to analyze the diagnostic stability of first psychotic episodes in children and adolescents. The Child and Adolescent First-Episode Psychosis Study (CAFEPS) is a 2-year, prospective longitudinal study of early-onset first episodes of psychosis (EO-FEP). Aim:  To describe diagnostic stability and the variables related to diagnostic changes. Methods:  Participants were 83 patients (aged 9–17 years) with an EO-FEP consecutively attended. They were assessed with a structured interview (Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime version) and clinical scales at baseline and after 2 years. Results:  The global consistency for all diagnoses was 63.9%. The small group of bipolar disorder had high stability (92.31%) as did the group with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (90.00%). Depressive disorder had lower stability (37.50%) and the lowest values were for psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (11.76%) and brief psychotic disorder (0%).The most frequent diagnostic shift was to schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders. One group of patients did not meet the criteria for any diagnosis at follow-up. Independent predictors of change to schizophrenia spectrum disorders were lower scores on the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Predictors of not having a diagnosis at follow-up were the CGAS and the Strauss–Carpenter Outcome Scale. Conclusions:  Global diagnostic stability was 63.9%. Bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders were the most stable diagnoses, while depressive disorder and other psychosis the least stable. Psychosocial functioning at baseline was a good predictor of diagnosis at follow-up. These data show the need for longitudinal follow-up in EO-FEP before a stable diagnosis is reached. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02443.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142

Impact of oppositional defiant disorder dimensions on the temporal ordering of conduct problems and depression across childhood and adolescence in girls / Alison E. HIPWELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-10 (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1099-1108 Titre : Impact of oppositional defiant disorder dimensions on the temporal ordering of conduct problems and depression across childhood and adolescence in girls Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur ; Xin FENG, Auteur ; Jeff BURKE, Auteur ; Deena BATTISTA, Auteur ; Rolf LOEBER, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1099-1108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct Disorder  depression  oppositional defiant disorder  comorbidity  girls  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about the role of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) dimensions on the temporal unfolding of conduct disorder (CD) and depression in girls between childhood and adolescence. Method:  The year-to-year associations between CD and depressive symptomatology were examined using nine waves of annually collected data (ages 8 through 16 years) from 1215 participants of the Pittsburgh Girls Study. A series of autoregressive path models were tested that included ODD-Emotion Dysregulation (ODD-ED) and ODD-Defiance, as time-varying covariates on CD predicting depression severity in the following year, and vice versa. Results:  Conduct problems, depression, and ODD dimensions were relatively stable throughout childhood and adolescence, and a moderate degree of covariance was observed between these variables. Path analyses showed that CD often preceded depression across this developmental period, although the effect sizes were small. There was less consistent prediction from depression to CD. The overlap between ODD-ED and CD partially explained the prospective relations from CD to depression, whereas these paths were fully explained by the overlap between ODD-ED and depression. The overlap between ODD-Defiance and CD did not account for the prospective relations from CD to depression. In contrast, the overlap between ODD-Defiance and depression accounted for virtually all paths from CD to depression. Accounting for the overlap between ODD dimensions and both CD and depression eliminated all significant predictive paths. Conclusions:  Symptoms of CD tend to precede depression in girls during childhood and adolescence. However, covariance between depression and both ODD-ED and ODD-Defiance accounts for these prospective relations. ODD dimensions should be assessed when evaluating risk for comorbid depression in girls with conduct problems, and emotion dysregulation and defiance aspects of ODD should be identified as targets for treatment in order to prevent depression in the future. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02448.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142 [article] Impact of oppositional defiant disorder dimensions on the temporal ordering of conduct problems and depression across childhood and adolescence in girls [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur ; Xin FENG, Auteur ; Jeff BURKE, Auteur ; Deena BATTISTA, Auteur ; Rolf LOEBER, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1099-1108. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-10 (October 2011) . - p.1099-1108 Mots-clés : Conduct Disorder  depression  oppositional defiant disorder  comorbidity  girls  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Little is known about the role of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) dimensions on the temporal unfolding of conduct disorder (CD) and depression in girls between childhood and adolescence. Method:  The year-to-year associations between CD and depressive symptomatology were examined using nine waves of annually collected data (ages 8 through 16 years) from 1215 participants of the Pittsburgh Girls Study. A series of autoregressive path models were tested that included ODD-Emotion Dysregulation (ODD-ED) and ODD-Defiance, as time-varying covariates on CD predicting depression severity in the following year, and vice versa. Results:  Conduct problems, depression, and ODD dimensions were relatively stable throughout childhood and adolescence, and a moderate degree of covariance was observed between these variables. Path analyses showed that CD often preceded depression across this developmental period, although the effect sizes were small. There was less consistent prediction from depression to CD. The overlap between ODD-ED and CD partially explained the prospective relations from CD to depression, whereas these paths were fully explained by the overlap between ODD-ED and depression. The overlap between ODD-Defiance and CD did not account for the prospective relations from CD to depression. In contrast, the overlap between ODD-Defiance and depression accounted for virtually all paths from CD to depression. Accounting for the overlap between ODD dimensions and both CD and depression eliminated all significant predictive paths. Conclusions:  Symptoms of CD tend to precede depression in girls during childhood and adolescence. However, covariance between depression and both ODD-ED and ODD-Defiance accounts for these prospective relations. ODD dimensions should be assessed when evaluating risk for comorbid depression in girls with conduct problems, and emotion dysregulation and defiance aspects of ODD should be identified as targets for treatment in order to prevent depression in the future. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02448.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=142