Abnormal spatial asymmetry of selective attention in ADHD / Edgar CHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-9 (September 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-9 (September 2009) . - p.1064-1072 Titre : Abnormal spatial asymmetry of selective attention in ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edgar CHAN, Auteur ; Cynthia L. HUANG-POLLOCK, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Jason B. MATTINGLEY, Auteur ; Therese ENGLISH, Auteur ; Robert HESTER, Auteur ; Alasdair VANCE, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1064-1072 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Selective-attention flanker-interference spatial-bias ADHD spatial-attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Evidence for a selective attention abnormality in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hard to identify using conventional methods from cognitive science. This study tested whether the presence of selective attention abnormalities in ADHD may vary as a function of perceptual load and target lateralisation. Given evidence of right-hemisphere dysfunction in ADHD we predicted increased interference effects for right, but not left-sided target displays, particularly under low perceptual load. Method: Fourteen children with ADHD-C and 14 typically developing children were tested on a modified flanker task under low and high perceptual load. We also sought evidence for our hypothesis in a re-analysis of an independent data set (42 ADHD; 34 typically developing) in which load effects on selective attention in ADHD were previously examined (Huang-Pollock, Nigg, & Carr, 2005). Results: As predicted, all children showed evidence of greater interference by flankers under low compared with high perceptual load conditions. Crucially, however, children with ADHD showed the greatest interference effect for right-sided target displays under low but not high perceptual load. In contrast, typically developing children showed the greatest interference for left-sided target displays. The magnitude of interference for right-sided targets was also positively correlated with ADHD symptom levels. Re-analysis of an independent data set (Huang-Pollock et al., 2005) further confirmed our findings. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that interference effects in children with ADHD and typically developing children are spatially asymmetrical but opposite in direction. The pattern of right-sided interference effects in children with ADHD suggests disruption within right hemisphere attentional networks in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02096.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=828 [article] Abnormal spatial asymmetry of selective attention in ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edgar CHAN, Auteur ; Cynthia L. HUANG-POLLOCK, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Jason B. MATTINGLEY, Auteur ; Therese ENGLISH, Auteur ; Robert HESTER, Auteur ; Alasdair VANCE, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1064-1072. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-9 (September 2009) . - p.1064-1072 Mots-clés : Selective-attention flanker-interference spatial-bias ADHD spatial-attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Evidence for a selective attention abnormality in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hard to identify using conventional methods from cognitive science. This study tested whether the presence of selective attention abnormalities in ADHD may vary as a function of perceptual load and target lateralisation. Given evidence of right-hemisphere dysfunction in ADHD we predicted increased interference effects for right, but not left-sided target displays, particularly under low perceptual load. Method: Fourteen children with ADHD-C and 14 typically developing children were tested on a modified flanker task under low and high perceptual load. We also sought evidence for our hypothesis in a re-analysis of an independent data set (42 ADHD; 34 typically developing) in which load effects on selective attention in ADHD were previously examined (Huang-Pollock, Nigg, & Carr, 2005). Results: As predicted, all children showed evidence of greater interference by flankers under low compared with high perceptual load conditions. Crucially, however, children with ADHD showed the greatest interference effect for right-sided target displays under low but not high perceptual load. In contrast, typically developing children showed the greatest interference for left-sided target displays. The magnitude of interference for right-sided targets was also positively correlated with ADHD symptom levels. Re-analysis of an independent data set (Huang-Pollock et al., 2005) further confirmed our findings. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that interference effects in children with ADHD and typically developing children are spatially asymmetrical but opposite in direction. The pattern of right-sided interference effects in children with ADHD suggests disruption within right hemisphere attentional networks in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02096.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=828

An Australian Cross-Sectional Survey of Parents' Experiences of Emergency Department Visits Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Alice GARRICK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-5 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2046-2060 Titre : An Australian Cross-Sectional Survey of Parents' Experiences of Emergency Department Visits Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alice GARRICK, Auteur ; Marie L. LEE, Auteur ; Carrington SCARFFE, Auteur ; Tony ATTWOOD, Auteur ; Kirsten FURLEY, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Beth P. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2046-2060 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Australia/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Emergency Service, Hospital  Humans  Parents  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorders  Comorbidity  Emergency department  Survey Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with ASD who had attended an Australian emergency department (ED; n=421) completed a questionnaire relating to their experiences in the ED, including (1) child's reason for presentation and existing comorbidities, (2) quality of care during the visit (3) child's behaviour during visit, e.g. sensory responses to the ED environment, and disruptive behaviours. Children with comorbid ASD and intellectual disability were more likely to present with gastrointestinal issues and seizures, while those with comorbid ASD and oppositional defiant disorder were more likely to present with self-injury. ED staff awareness of ASD-related issues, including communication and expression of pain, were common difficulties for parents. The ED environment (e.g. lights, sounds, waiting areas), exacerbated child anxiety and led to disruptive behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05091-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] An Australian Cross-Sectional Survey of Parents' Experiences of Emergency Department Visits Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alice GARRICK, Auteur ; Marie L. LEE, Auteur ; Carrington SCARFFE, Auteur ; Tony ATTWOOD, Auteur ; Kirsten FURLEY, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Beth P. JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.2046-2060. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2046-2060 Mots-clés : Australia/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Emergency Service, Hospital  Humans  Parents  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorders  Comorbidity  Emergency department  Survey Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with ASD who had attended an Australian emergency department (ED; n=421) completed a questionnaire relating to their experiences in the ED, including (1) child's reason for presentation and existing comorbidities, (2) quality of care during the visit (3) child's behaviour during visit, e.g. sensory responses to the ED environment, and disruptive behaviours. Children with comorbid ASD and intellectual disability were more likely to present with gastrointestinal issues and seizures, while those with comorbid ASD and oppositional defiant disorder were more likely to present with self-injury. ED staff awareness of ASD-related issues, including communication and expression of pain, were common difficulties for parents. The ED environment (e.g. lights, sounds, waiting areas), exacerbated child anxiety and led to disruptive behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05091-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets / Merel C. POSTEMA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1202-1219 Titre : Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Merel C. POSTEMA, Auteur ; Martine HOOGMAN, Auteur ; Sara AMBROSINO, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Cibele E. BANDEIRA, Auteur ; Alexandr BARANOV, Auteur ; Claiton H.D. BAU, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Ramona BAUR-STREUBEL, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Joseph BIEDERMAN, Auteur ; Janita B. BRALTEN, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Silvia BREM, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Geraldo F. BUSATTO, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Mara CERCIGNANI, Auteur ; Tiffany M. CHAIM-AVANCINI, Auteur ; Kaylita C. CHANTILUKE, Auteur ; Anastasia CHRISTAKOU, Auteur ; David COGHILL, Auteur ; Annette CONZELMANN, Auteur ; Ana I. CUBILLO, Auteur ; Renata B. CUPERTINO, Auteur ; Patrick DE ZEEUW, Auteur ; Alysa E. DOYLE, Auteur ; Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Eric A. EARL, Auteur ; Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Thomas ETHOFER, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur ; Andreas J. FALLGATTER, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Thomas FRODL, Auteur ; Matt C. GABEL, Auteur ; Tinatin GOGBERASHVILI, Auteur ; Eugenio H. GREVET, Auteur ; Jan HAAVIK, Auteur ; Neil A. HARRISON, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Dirk J. HESLENFELD, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Sarah HOHMANN, Auteur ; Marie F. HØVIK, Auteur ; Terry L. JERNIGAN, Auteur ; Bernd KARDATZKI, Auteur ; Georgii KARKASHADZE, Auteur ; Clare KELLY, Auteur ; Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luisa LÁZARO, Auteur ; Sara LERA-MIGUEL, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur ; Mario R. LOUZA, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Charles B MALPAS, Auteur ; Paulo MATTOS, Auteur ; Hazel MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Leyla NAMAZOVA-BARANOVA, Auteur ; Rosa NICOLAU, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Stephanie E. NOVOTNY, Auteur ; Eileen OBERWELLAND WEISS, Auteur ; Ruth L. O'GORMAN TUURA, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Yannis PALOYELIS, Auteur ; Paul PAULI, Auteur ; Felipe A. PICON, Auteur ; Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur ; J. Antoni RAMOS-QUIROGA, Auteur ; Andreas REIF, Auteur ; Liesbeth RENEMAN, Auteur ; Pedro G.P. ROSA, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur ; Anouk SCHRANTEE, Auteur ; Lizanne SCHWEREN, Auteur ; Jochen SEITZ, Auteur ; Philip SHAW, Auteur ; Tim J. SILK, Auteur ; Norbert SKOKAUSKAS, Auteur ; Juan C. SOLIVA VILA, Auteur ; Michael C. STEVENS, Auteur ; Gustavo SUDRE, Auteur ; Leanne TAMM, Auteur ; Fernanda TOVAR-MOLL, Auteur ; Theo G.M. VAN ERP, Auteur ; Alasdair VANCE, Auteur ; Oscar VILARROYA, Auteur ; Yolanda VIVES-GILABERT, Auteur ; Georg G. VON POLIER, Auteur ; Susanne WALITZA, Auteur ; Yuliya N. YONCHEVA, Auteur ; Marcus V. ZANETTI, Auteur ; Georg C. ZIEGLER, Auteur ; David C. GLAHN, Auteur ; Neda JAHANSHAD, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p.1202-1219 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit  brain asymmetry  brain laterality  hyperactivity disorder  large-scale data  structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. Methods We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. Results There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from ?0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. Conclusion Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13396 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=462 [article] Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Merel C. POSTEMA, Auteur ; Martine HOOGMAN, Auteur ; Sara AMBROSINO, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Cibele E. BANDEIRA, Auteur ; Alexandr BARANOV, Auteur ; Claiton H.D. BAU, Auteur ; Sarah BAUMEISTER, Auteur ; Ramona BAUR-STREUBEL, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Joseph BIEDERMAN, Auteur ; Janita B. BRALTEN, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; Silvia BREM, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Geraldo F. BUSATTO, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Mara CERCIGNANI, Auteur ; Tiffany M. CHAIM-AVANCINI, Auteur ; Kaylita C. CHANTILUKE, Auteur ; Anastasia CHRISTAKOU, Auteur ; David COGHILL, Auteur ; Annette CONZELMANN, Auteur ; Ana I. CUBILLO, Auteur ; Renata B. CUPERTINO, Auteur ; Patrick DE ZEEUW, Auteur ; Alysa E. DOYLE, Auteur ; Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Eric A. EARL, Auteur ; Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Thomas ETHOFER, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur ; Andreas J. FALLGATTER, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Thomas FRODL, Auteur ; Matt C. GABEL, Auteur ; Tinatin GOGBERASHVILI, Auteur ; Eugenio H. GREVET, Auteur ; Jan HAAVIK, Auteur ; Neil A. HARRISON, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Dirk J. HESLENFELD, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Sarah HOHMANN, Auteur ; Marie F. HØVIK, Auteur ; Terry L. JERNIGAN, Auteur ; Bernd KARDATZKI, Auteur ; Georgii KARKASHADZE, Auteur ; Clare KELLY, Auteur ; Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Luisa LÁZARO, Auteur ; Sara LERA-MIGUEL, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur ; Mario R. LOUZA, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur ; Charles B MALPAS, Auteur ; Paulo MATTOS, Auteur ; Hazel MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Leyla NAMAZOVA-BARANOVA, Auteur ; Rosa NICOLAU, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Stephanie E. NOVOTNY, Auteur ; Eileen OBERWELLAND WEISS, Auteur ; Ruth L. O'GORMAN TUURA, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Yannis PALOYELIS, Auteur ; Paul PAULI, Auteur ; Felipe A. PICON, Auteur ; Kerstin J. PLESSEN, Auteur ; J. Antoni RAMOS-QUIROGA, Auteur ; Andreas REIF, Auteur ; Liesbeth RENEMAN, Auteur ; Pedro G.P. ROSA, Auteur ; Katya RUBIA, Auteur ; Anouk SCHRANTEE, Auteur ; Lizanne SCHWEREN, Auteur ; Jochen SEITZ, Auteur ; Philip SHAW, Auteur ; Tim J. SILK, Auteur ; Norbert SKOKAUSKAS, Auteur ; Juan C. SOLIVA VILA, Auteur ; Michael C. STEVENS, Auteur ; Gustavo SUDRE, Auteur ; Leanne TAMM, Auteur ; Fernanda TOVAR-MOLL, Auteur ; Theo G.M. VAN ERP, Auteur ; Alasdair VANCE, Auteur ; Oscar VILARROYA, Auteur ; Yolanda VIVES-GILABERT, Auteur ; Georg G. VON POLIER, Auteur ; Susanne WALITZA, Auteur ; Yuliya N. YONCHEVA, Auteur ; Marcus V. ZANETTI, Auteur ; Georg C. ZIEGLER, Auteur ; David C. GLAHN, Auteur ; Neda JAHANSHAD, Auteur . - 2021 . - p.1202-1219. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1202-1219 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit  brain asymmetry  brain laterality  hyperactivity disorder  large-scale data  structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. Methods We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. Results There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from ?0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. Conclusion Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13396 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=462

Evaluating the regulatory function of non-coding autism-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms on gene expression in human brain tissue / Kealan PUGSLEY in Autism Research, 17-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.467-481 Titre : Evaluating the regulatory function of non-coding autism-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms on gene expression in human brain tissue Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kealan PUGSLEY, Auteur ; Atefeh NAMIPASHAKI, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Ziarih HAWI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.467-481 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Common variants account for most of the estimated heritability associated with autism spectrum disorder (autism). Although several replicable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the condition have been detected using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methodologies, their pathophysiological relevance remains elusive. Examining this is complicated, however, as all detected loci are situated within non-coding regions of the genome. It is therefore likely that they possess roles of regulatory function as opposed to directly affecting gene coding sequences. To bridge the gap between SNP discovery and mechanistic insight, we applied a comprehensive bioinformatic pipeline to functionally annotate autism-associated polymorphisms and their non-coding linkage disequilibrium (i.e., non-randomly associated) partners. We identified 82 DNA variants of probable regulatory function that may contribute to autism pathogenesis. To validate these predictions, we measured the impact of 11 high-confidence candidates and their GWAS linkage disequilibrium partners on gene expression in human brain tissue from Autistic and non-Autistic donors. Although a small number of the surveyed variants exhibited measurable influence on gene expression as determined via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, these did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Additionally, no significant genotype-by-diagnosis effects were observed for any of the SNP-gene associations. We contend that this may reflect an inability to effectively capture the modest, neurodevelopmental-specific impact of individual variants on biological dysregulation in available post-mortem tissue samples, as well as limitations in the existing autism GWAS data. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3101 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525 [article] Evaluating the regulatory function of non-coding autism-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms on gene expression in human brain tissue [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kealan PUGSLEY, Auteur ; Atefeh NAMIPASHAKI, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur ; Ziarih HAWI, Auteur . - p.467-481. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.467-481 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Common variants account for most of the estimated heritability associated with autism spectrum disorder (autism). Although several replicable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the condition have been detected using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methodologies, their pathophysiological relevance remains elusive. Examining this is complicated, however, as all detected loci are situated within non-coding regions of the genome. It is therefore likely that they possess roles of regulatory function as opposed to directly affecting gene coding sequences. To bridge the gap between SNP discovery and mechanistic insight, we applied a comprehensive bioinformatic pipeline to functionally annotate autism-associated polymorphisms and their non-coding linkage disequilibrium (i.e., non-randomly associated) partners. We identified 82 DNA variants of probable regulatory function that may contribute to autism pathogenesis. To validate these predictions, we measured the impact of 11 high-confidence candidates and their GWAS linkage disequilibrium partners on gene expression in human brain tissue from Autistic and non-Autistic donors. Although a small number of the surveyed variants exhibited measurable influence on gene expression as determined via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, these did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Additionally, no significant genotype-by-diagnosis effects were observed for any of the SNP-gene associations. We contend that this may reflect an inability to effectively capture the modest, neurodevelopmental-specific impact of individual variants on biological dysregulation in available post-mortem tissue samples, as well as limitations in the existing autism GWAS data. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3101 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525

Impaired conflict resolution and alerting in children with ADHD: evidence from the Attention Network Task (ANT) / Katherine A. JOHNSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-12 (December 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1339 - 1347 Titre : Impaired conflict resolution and alerting in children with ADHD: evidence from the Attention Network Task (ANT) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katherine A. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Ian H. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Edwina BARRY, Auteur ; Aoife DAIBHIS, Auteur ; Michael DALY, Auteur ; Amy WATCHORN, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1339 - 1347 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD Attention-Network-Task attention behavioural-genetics child-development executive-function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: An important theory of attention suggests that there are three separate networks that execute discrete cognitive functions. The 'alerting' network acquires and maintains an alert state, the 'orienting' network selects information from sensory input and the 'conflict' network resolves conflict that arises between potential responses. This theory holds promise for dissociating discrete patterns of cognitive impairment in disorders where attentional deficits may often be subtle, such as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: The Attentional Network Test (ANT), a behavioural assay of the functional integrity of attention networks, was used to examine the performance of 73 children with ADHD and 73 controls. Results: Performance on the ANT clearly differentiated the children with and without ADHD in terms of mean and standard deviation (SD) of reaction time (RT), the number of incorrect responses made and the number of omission errors made. The ADHD group demonstrated deficits in the conflict network in terms of slower RT and a higher number of incorrect responses. The ADHD group showed deficits in the alerting network in terms of the number of omission errors made. There was no demonstration of a deficit in the orienting network in ADHD on this task. Conclusions: The children with ADHD demonstrated deficits in the alerting and conflict attention networks but normal functioning of the orienting network. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01936.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=645 [article] Impaired conflict resolution and alerting in children with ADHD: evidence from the Attention Network Task (ANT) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katherine A. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Ian H. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Edwina BARRY, Auteur ; Aoife DAIBHIS, Auteur ; Michael DALY, Auteur ; Amy WATCHORN, Auteur ; Mark A. BELLGROVE, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1339 - 1347. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1339 - 1347 Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD Attention-Network-Task attention behavioural-genetics child-development executive-function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: An important theory of attention suggests that there are three separate networks that execute discrete cognitive functions. The 'alerting' network acquires and maintains an alert state, the 'orienting' network selects information from sensory input and the 'conflict' network resolves conflict that arises between potential responses. This theory holds promise for dissociating discrete patterns of cognitive impairment in disorders where attentional deficits may often be subtle, such as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: The Attentional Network Test (ANT), a behavioural assay of the functional integrity of attention networks, was used to examine the performance of 73 children with ADHD and 73 controls. Results: Performance on the ANT clearly differentiated the children with and without ADHD in terms of mean and standard deviation (SD) of reaction time (RT), the number of incorrect responses made and the number of omission errors made. The ADHD group demonstrated deficits in the conflict network in terms of slower RT and a higher number of incorrect responses. The ADHD group showed deficits in the alerting network in terms of the number of omission errors made. There was no demonstration of a deficit in the orienting network in ADHD on this task. Conclusions: The children with ADHD demonstrated deficits in the alerting and conflict attention networks but normal functioning of the orienting network. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01936.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=645

Potential role for immune-related genes in autism spectrum disorders: Evidence from genome-wide association meta-analysis of autistic traits / M. ARENELLA in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

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Practitioner Review: It's time to bridge the gap - understanding the unmet needs of consumers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - a systematic review and recommendations / Matthew BISSET in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-6 (June 2023)  

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The Monash Autism-ADHD genetics and neurodevelopment (MAGNET) project design and methodologies: a dimensional approach to understanding neurobiological and genetic aetiology / R. KNOTT in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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