Dépouillements

Parental socioeconomic position and risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring: A cohort study of 9,648 individuals in Denmark 1976-2013 / Emilie Rune HEGELUND in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.1-8 Titre : Parental socioeconomic position and risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring: A cohort study of 9,648 individuals in Denmark 1976-2013 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emilie Rune HEGELUND, Auteur ; Trine FLENSBORG-MADSEN, Auteur ; Ditte VASSARD, Auteur ; Leonard A. ROSENBLUM, Auteur ; June Machover REINISCH, Auteur ; Erik Lykke MORTENSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-8 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Socioeconomic factors  Cohort studies  Denmark Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The results of studies of the association between parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring are inconsistent, perhaps due to contextual differences in health care systems and their influence on risk of ASD diagnosis among different socioeconomic groups. The present study investigated the association between parental SEP in adulthood and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring in a Nordic welfare state and whether this association was modified by parental childhood SEP. Method The study population comprised 9648 live-born singletons who were followed in the Psychiatric Central Register from birth in 1976–1996 until 2013. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for ASD diagnosis according to parental SEP in adulthood. Results The crude results showed a tendency towards higher parental SEP in adulthood being associated with higher risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. However, the association was reversed after adjustment for possible confounders. The reversion of the direction of the association was entirely attributable to the strong confounding effect of calendar year. Further, the results showed that parental childhood SEP modified the association between parental SEP in adulthood and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. Conclusions Both methodological and contextual issues may be of great importance for the observed association between parental SEP and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. Particularly, the secular trends in ASD diagnoses seem to be of great importance suggesting that changes in diagnostic patterns may influence the association between parental SEP and risk of being diagnosed with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Parental socioeconomic position and risk of autism spectrum disorders in offspring: A cohort study of 9,648 individuals in Denmark 1976-2013 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emilie Rune HEGELUND, Auteur ; Trine FLENSBORG-MADSEN, Auteur ; Ditte VASSARD, Auteur ; Leonard A. ROSENBLUM, Auteur ; June Machover REINISCH, Auteur ; Erik Lykke MORTENSEN, Auteur . - p.1-8. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.1-8 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Socioeconomic factors  Cohort studies  Denmark Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The results of studies of the association between parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring are inconsistent, perhaps due to contextual differences in health care systems and their influence on risk of ASD diagnosis among different socioeconomic groups. The present study investigated the association between parental SEP in adulthood and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring in a Nordic welfare state and whether this association was modified by parental childhood SEP. Method The study population comprised 9648 live-born singletons who were followed in the Psychiatric Central Register from birth in 1976–1996 until 2013. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for ASD diagnosis according to parental SEP in adulthood. Results The crude results showed a tendency towards higher parental SEP in adulthood being associated with higher risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. However, the association was reversed after adjustment for possible confounders. The reversion of the direction of the association was entirely attributable to the strong confounding effect of calendar year. Further, the results showed that parental childhood SEP modified the association between parental SEP in adulthood and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. Conclusions Both methodological and contextual issues may be of great importance for the observed association between parental SEP and risk of ASD diagnosis in offspring. Particularly, the secular trends in ASD diagnoses seem to be of great importance suggesting that changes in diagnostic patterns may influence the association between parental SEP and risk of being diagnosed with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

‘Are they just gonna reject me?’ Male adolescents with autism making sense of anxiety: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis / Louise ACKER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.9-20 Titre : ‘Are they just gonna reject me?’ Male adolescents with autism making sense of anxiety: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise ACKER, Auteur ; Matthew KNIGHT, Auteur ; Fiona KNOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.9-20 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis  Autism  Experience  Qualitative  Anxiety  Emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety can be a significant difficulty for people with autism, and rates increase during childhood and early adolescence. Nevertheless, little is known about the subjective experience of anxiety in this population. This study aimed to explore this phenomenon using a method conducive to gaining richer insight into participants' lived experiences. Method This study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore the lived experience of anxiety, in 14 male adolescents (aged 13–18 years) with autism. Results Participants described anxiety which in some ways resembled typically developing adolescent concerns, such as a desire to belong and feel connected to others, and stress linked to academic pressure. However, they also described how their anxiety could be further compounded by qualities that are characteristic of autism, such as difficulty knowing what others felt and how to comfort them, difficulty regulating emotions and the challenge of sensory sensitivities. Some managed their anxiety in ways that might differ from the typically developing population, for example through use of fantasy and role-play. Participants also outlined details about the format and nature of support that they found most helpful. Conclusions Themes highlight participants' sensitivity and vulnerability in their unique struggle during this time of adolescence, as well as their resilience and resourcefulness in navigating this. A compassionate response is required from health and education professionals, which considers these young people's human need to feel socially connected, which is sensitive to the way that support is provided, and perhaps makes greater use of creative means of intervention (such as involving fantasy and role-play). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.07.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] ‘Are they just gonna reject me?’ Male adolescents with autism making sense of anxiety: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise ACKER, Auteur ; Matthew KNIGHT, Auteur ; Fiona KNOTT, Auteur . - p.9-20. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.9-20 Mots-clés : Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis  Autism  Experience  Qualitative  Anxiety  Emotion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety can be a significant difficulty for people with autism, and rates increase during childhood and early adolescence. Nevertheless, little is known about the subjective experience of anxiety in this population. This study aimed to explore this phenomenon using a method conducive to gaining richer insight into participants' lived experiences. Method This study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore the lived experience of anxiety, in 14 male adolescents (aged 13–18 years) with autism. Results Participants described anxiety which in some ways resembled typically developing adolescent concerns, such as a desire to belong and feel connected to others, and stress linked to academic pressure. However, they also described how their anxiety could be further compounded by qualities that are characteristic of autism, such as difficulty knowing what others felt and how to comfort them, difficulty regulating emotions and the challenge of sensory sensitivities. Some managed their anxiety in ways that might differ from the typically developing population, for example through use of fantasy and role-play. Participants also outlined details about the format and nature of support that they found most helpful. Conclusions Themes highlight participants' sensitivity and vulnerability in their unique struggle during this time of adolescence, as well as their resilience and resourcefulness in navigating this. A compassionate response is required from health and education professionals, which considers these young people's human need to feel socially connected, which is sensitive to the way that support is provided, and perhaps makes greater use of creative means of intervention (such as involving fantasy and role-play). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.07.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Parent and child outcomes of JumpStart™, an education and training program for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder / Nicole L. MATTHEWS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.21-35 Titre : Parent and child outcomes of JumpStart™, an education and training program for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Beatriz C. ORR, Auteur ; Brittani HARRIS, Auteur ; Rachel MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Daniel OPENDEN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.21-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Early intervention  Parent training  Parent education  Pivotal Response Treatment  Behavioral Skills Training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This pilot study examined the effectiveness of JumpStart™, a 4-week education program including a Behavioral Skills Training model for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). JumpStart aims to teach parents to begin implementing evidence-based behavioral intervention while learning to navigate service systems in order to establish a comprehensive intervention program. Method Change in parent self-efficacy, knowledge, stress, depressive symptoms, ability to implement intervention, and child responsivity were compared in treatment (n?=?18) and waitlist control (n?=?18) groups. Additionally, exploratory analyses examined 3-month follow-up data in a subset of participants (n?=?12). Results Findings indicated significantly larger increases in parent outcome expectations, parent competence, parent knowledge, fidelity of implementation, and child responsivity in the treatment group compared to the waitlist control group. Three-month follow-up data indicated maintenance of parent outcome expectations, knowledge, and child responsivity. Conclusions Findings provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of JumpStart. Given the growing number of children with ASD and finite resources, short-term programs like JumpStart may be an effective method by which parents are able to begin intervening with their child’s development while they arrange for comprehensive services. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Parent and child outcomes of JumpStart™, an education and training program for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole L. MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Beatriz C. ORR, Auteur ; Brittani HARRIS, Auteur ; Rachel MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Daniel OPENDEN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur . - p.21-35. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.21-35 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Early intervention  Parent training  Parent education  Pivotal Response Treatment  Behavioral Skills Training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This pilot study examined the effectiveness of JumpStart™, a 4-week education program including a Behavioral Skills Training model for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). JumpStart aims to teach parents to begin implementing evidence-based behavioral intervention while learning to navigate service systems in order to establish a comprehensive intervention program. Method Change in parent self-efficacy, knowledge, stress, depressive symptoms, ability to implement intervention, and child responsivity were compared in treatment (n?=?18) and waitlist control (n?=?18) groups. Additionally, exploratory analyses examined 3-month follow-up data in a subset of participants (n?=?12). Results Findings indicated significantly larger increases in parent outcome expectations, parent competence, parent knowledge, fidelity of implementation, and child responsivity in the treatment group compared to the waitlist control group. Three-month follow-up data indicated maintenance of parent outcome expectations, knowledge, and child responsivity. Conclusions Findings provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of JumpStart. Given the growing number of children with ASD and finite resources, short-term programs like JumpStart may be an effective method by which parents are able to begin intervening with their child’s development while they arrange for comprehensive services. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

A video parent-training program for families of children with autism spectrum disorder in Albania / Yael G. DAI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.36-49 Titre : A video parent-training program for families of children with autism spectrum disorder in Albania Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yael G. DAI, Auteur ; Lynn BRENNAN, Auteur ; Ariel COMO, Auteur ; Jamie HUGHES-LIKA, Auteur ; Thyde DUMONT-MATHIEU, Auteur ; Iris CARCANI-RATHWELL, Auteur ; Ola MINXHOZI, Auteur ; Blerina ALIAJ, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.36-49 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parent training  Intervention  Distance learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Behavioral intervention with parent participation is effective in reducing symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but access to intervention is limited. The current study explored whether a video-enriched parent-training program would (a) be comprehensible and acceptable to parents in the Republic of Albania, (b) increase parental knowledge of behavioral strategies, and (c) increase parental self-efficacy. Methods Twenty-nine parents of children with ASD aged 18–70 months completed the Early Intervention Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (EIPSES, Guimond et al., 2008) and a quiz to assess their knowledge of behavioral strategies. Parents in the Treatment Group then received access to a parent-training (PT) program on evidence-based teaching and behavior management techniques. The program was based on empirical research, but considered Albanian cultural norms and included topics Albanian parents requested. Parents in the Treatment Group rated the program using the Treatment Evaluation Inventory Short Form (TEI-SF; Kelley et al., 1989). Change in parents’ quiz scores and EIPSES ratings from baseline to post-treatment were compared by group. Results Parents rated this video training program as comprehensible and valuable. The program modestly increased aspects of self-efficacy as well as parents’ knowledge of effective teaching strategies. Conclusion Remote PT may be useful in low-resource settings to help parents develop techniques for teaching skills and forestalling problem behavior in children with ASD. Additional research, with a larger sample size, that observes the effect of the program on child behavior is warranted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] A video parent-training program for families of children with autism spectrum disorder in Albania [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yael G. DAI, Auteur ; Lynn BRENNAN, Auteur ; Ariel COMO, Auteur ; Jamie HUGHES-LIKA, Auteur ; Thyde DUMONT-MATHIEU, Auteur ; Iris CARCANI-RATHWELL, Auteur ; Ola MINXHOZI, Auteur ; Blerina ALIAJ, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur . - p.36-49. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.36-49 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parent training  Intervention  Distance learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Behavioral intervention with parent participation is effective in reducing symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but access to intervention is limited. The current study explored whether a video-enriched parent-training program would (a) be comprehensible and acceptable to parents in the Republic of Albania, (b) increase parental knowledge of behavioral strategies, and (c) increase parental self-efficacy. Methods Twenty-nine parents of children with ASD aged 18–70 months completed the Early Intervention Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (EIPSES, Guimond et al., 2008) and a quiz to assess their knowledge of behavioral strategies. Parents in the Treatment Group then received access to a parent-training (PT) program on evidence-based teaching and behavior management techniques. The program was based on empirical research, but considered Albanian cultural norms and included topics Albanian parents requested. Parents in the Treatment Group rated the program using the Treatment Evaluation Inventory Short Form (TEI-SF; Kelley et al., 1989). Change in parents’ quiz scores and EIPSES ratings from baseline to post-treatment were compared by group. Results Parents rated this video training program as comprehensible and valuable. The program modestly increased aspects of self-efficacy as well as parents’ knowledge of effective teaching strategies. Conclusion Remote PT may be useful in low-resource settings to help parents develop techniques for teaching skills and forestalling problem behavior in children with ASD. Additional research, with a larger sample size, that observes the effect of the program on child behavior is warranted. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

“Always a glass ceiling.” Gender or autism; the barrier to occupational inclusion / Susan M. HAYWARD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.50-60 Titre : “Always a glass ceiling.” Gender or autism; the barrier to occupational inclusion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.50-60 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Asperger’s  Female  Job  Sex  Work Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Under- and unemployment adversely affect the economic, health, and social circumstances of people with autism; notably those with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder or high autistic traits (HATs). However, little research has been published comparing the experiences of women to men with HATs, and women without autism (i.e., those typically developing; TD) to ascertain if employment issues are a function of gender or autistic traits (ATs). Method An anonymous online survey was conducted attracting 28 women and 18 men with HATs aged 18–68 years (M?=?38.63, SD?=?13.12), with a further 21 TD women and 16 TD men aged 23–62 years (M?=?38.38, SD?=?10.32). Quantitative data were analysed via logistic regression to ascertain the extent to which employment issues were a function of gender or ATs while controlling for confounding variables such as education, and age. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis, then quantitatively using chi-square or Fisher’s Exact Test. Results It was found that ATs, not gender, was significant to most vocational experiences. Conclusions It is proposed that employers place greater importance on technical ability than social-communication skills when hiring and supervising women with HATs to reduce barriers and increase workplace diversity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] “Always a glass ceiling.” Gender or autism; the barrier to occupational inclusion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan M. HAYWARD, Auteur ; Keith R. MCVILLY, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur . - p.50-60. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.50-60 Mots-clés : ASD  Asperger’s  Female  Job  Sex  Work Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Under- and unemployment adversely affect the economic, health, and social circumstances of people with autism; notably those with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder or high autistic traits (HATs). However, little research has been published comparing the experiences of women to men with HATs, and women without autism (i.e., those typically developing; TD) to ascertain if employment issues are a function of gender or autistic traits (ATs). Method An anonymous online survey was conducted attracting 28 women and 18 men with HATs aged 18–68 years (M?=?38.63, SD?=?13.12), with a further 21 TD women and 16 TD men aged 23–62 years (M?=?38.38, SD?=?10.32). Quantitative data were analysed via logistic regression to ascertain the extent to which employment issues were a function of gender or ATs while controlling for confounding variables such as education, and age. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis, then quantitatively using chi-square or Fisher’s Exact Test. Results It was found that ATs, not gender, was significant to most vocational experiences. Conclusions It is proposed that employers place greater importance on technical ability than social-communication skills when hiring and supervising women with HATs to reduce barriers and increase workplace diversity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Behavioral problems in children with autism spectrum disorder with and without co-occurring intellectual disability / Margaret KURZIUS-SPENCER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.61-71 Titre : Behavioral problems in children with autism spectrum disorder with and without co-occurring intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Margaret KURZIUS-SPENCER, Auteur ; Sydney PETTYGROVE, Auteur ; Deborah CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; Anita L. PEDERSEN, Auteur ; Christopher CUNNIFF, Auteur ; F. John MEANEY, Auteur ; Gnakub Norbert SOKE, Auteur ; Rebecca A. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; Maureen DURKIN, Auteur ; Sydney RICE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.61-71 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Intellectual disability  Self-injurious behavior  Problem behaviors  Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network  Children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), and behavioral problems commonly co-occur, leading to increased impairment, diagnostic confusion, and treatment delays. Using data from a large surveillance population of children with ASD, the objectives of the present study were to compare the relative risk of common behavioral problems in children with ASD, with and without co-occurring intellectual disability. Methods Data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network (2006–2010) on 9378 8-year-old children who met case definition for ASD and had cognitive test scores and information on behavioral problems were analyzed using frequency measures, risk ratios, chi-squared tests, and trend tests. Results Children with ASD with and without ID had on average six co-occurring behavioral problems. The relative risk (RR) of self-injurious behaviors, unusual fear responses, and eating abnormalities increased with increasing cognitive impairment among children with ASD and ID (all p<0.001). Conversely, RR of mood (p<0.001) and sleep abnormalities (p=0.013) declined with increasing levels of cognitive impairment. Conclusions Children with ASD and ID are at greater risk of some behavioral problems and lower risk of others as compared to children with ASD only. Successful interventions depend on understanding the complex interactions between co-occurring neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Behavioral problems in children with autism spectrum disorder with and without co-occurring intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Margaret KURZIUS-SPENCER, Auteur ; Sydney PETTYGROVE, Auteur ; Deborah CHRISTENSEN, Auteur ; Anita L. PEDERSEN, Auteur ; Christopher CUNNIFF, Auteur ; F. John MEANEY, Auteur ; Gnakub Norbert SOKE, Auteur ; Rebecca A. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; Maureen DURKIN, Auteur ; Sydney RICE, Auteur . - p.61-71. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.61-71 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Intellectual disability  Self-injurious behavior  Problem behaviors  Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network  Children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), and behavioral problems commonly co-occur, leading to increased impairment, diagnostic confusion, and treatment delays. Using data from a large surveillance population of children with ASD, the objectives of the present study were to compare the relative risk of common behavioral problems in children with ASD, with and without co-occurring intellectual disability. Methods Data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network (2006–2010) on 9378 8-year-old children who met case definition for ASD and had cognitive test scores and information on behavioral problems were analyzed using frequency measures, risk ratios, chi-squared tests, and trend tests. Results Children with ASD with and without ID had on average six co-occurring behavioral problems. The relative risk (RR) of self-injurious behaviors, unusual fear responses, and eating abnormalities increased with increasing cognitive impairment among children with ASD and ID (all p<0.001). Conversely, RR of mood (p<0.001) and sleep abnormalities (p=0.013) declined with increasing levels of cognitive impairment. Conclusions Children with ASD and ID are at greater risk of some behavioral problems and lower risk of others as compared to children with ASD only. Successful interventions depend on understanding the complex interactions between co-occurring neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369

Maternal metabolic profile predicts high or low risk of an autism pregnancy outcome / Kathryn HOLLOWOOD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 56 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.72-82 Titre : Maternal metabolic profile predicts high or low risk of an autism pregnancy outcome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathryn HOLLOWOOD, Auteur ; Stepan MELNYK, Auteur ; Oleksandra PAVLIV, Auteur ; Teresa EVANS, Auteur ; Ashley SIDES, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; William ELMS, Auteur ; Elizabeth GUERRERO, Auteur ; Uwe KRUGER, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur ; S. Jill JAMES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.72-82 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Pregnancy  Metabolic profile  Folate  Transmethylation  Transsulfuration  Fisher discriminant analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Currently there is no test for pregnant mothers that can predict the probability of having a child that will be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent estimates indicate that if a mother has previously had a child with ASD, the risk of having a second child with ASD is ?18.7% (High Risk) whereas the risk of ASD in the general population is ?1.7% (Low Risk). Methods In this study, metabolites of the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration biochemical pathways of pregnant mothers were measured to determine whether or not the risk of having a child with autism could be predicted by her metabolic profile. Pregnant mothers who have had a child with autism before were separated into two groups based on the diagnosis of their child whether the child had autism (ASD) or not (TD). Then these mothers were compared to a group of control mothers who have not had a child with autism before. A total of 107 mothers were in the High Risk category and 25 mothers in the Low Risk category. The High Risk category was further separated into 29 mothers in the ASD group and 78 mothers in the TD group. Results The metabolic results indicated that among High Risk mothers, it was not possible to predict an autism pregnancy outcome. However, the metabolic profile was able to predict with approximately 90% sensitivity and specificity whether a mother fell into the High Risk group (18.7% risk) or Low Risk group (1.7% risk). Conclusions Based upon these measurements it is not possible to determine during a pregnancy if a child will be diagnosed with ASD by age 3. However, differences in the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration metabolites are indicative of the risk level (High Risk of 18.7% vs. Low Risk of 1.7%) of the mother for having a child with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369 [article] Maternal metabolic profile predicts high or low risk of an autism pregnancy outcome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathryn HOLLOWOOD, Auteur ; Stepan MELNYK, Auteur ; Oleksandra PAVLIV, Auteur ; Teresa EVANS, Auteur ; Ashley SIDES, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; William ELMS, Auteur ; Elizabeth GUERRERO, Auteur ; Uwe KRUGER, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur ; S. Jill JAMES, Auteur . - p.72-82. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 56 (December 2018) . - p.72-82 Mots-clés : Autism  Pregnancy  Metabolic profile  Folate  Transmethylation  Transsulfuration  Fisher discriminant analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Currently there is no test for pregnant mothers that can predict the probability of having a child that will be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent estimates indicate that if a mother has previously had a child with ASD, the risk of having a second child with ASD is ?18.7% (High Risk) whereas the risk of ASD in the general population is ?1.7% (Low Risk). Methods In this study, metabolites of the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration biochemical pathways of pregnant mothers were measured to determine whether or not the risk of having a child with autism could be predicted by her metabolic profile. Pregnant mothers who have had a child with autism before were separated into two groups based on the diagnosis of their child whether the child had autism (ASD) or not (TD). Then these mothers were compared to a group of control mothers who have not had a child with autism before. A total of 107 mothers were in the High Risk category and 25 mothers in the Low Risk category. The High Risk category was further separated into 29 mothers in the ASD group and 78 mothers in the TD group. Results The metabolic results indicated that among High Risk mothers, it was not possible to predict an autism pregnancy outcome. However, the metabolic profile was able to predict with approximately 90% sensitivity and specificity whether a mother fell into the High Risk group (18.7% risk) or Low Risk group (1.7% risk). Conclusions Based upon these measurements it is not possible to determine during a pregnancy if a child will be diagnosed with ASD by age 3. However, differences in the folate-dependent transmethylation and transsulfuration metabolites are indicative of the risk level (High Risk of 18.7% vs. Low Risk of 1.7%) of the mother for having a child with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=369