Dépouillements

Editorial: Recovery from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the science of hope / Sally OZONOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.113-114 Titre : Editorial: Recovery from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the science of hope Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sally OZONOFF, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.113-114 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12045 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Editorial: Recovery from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the science of hope [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sally OZONOFF, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.113-114. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.113-114 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12045 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Research Review: Maternal prenatal distress and poor nutrition – mutually influencing risk factors affecting infant neurocognitive development / Catherine MONK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.115-130 Titre : Research Review: Maternal prenatal distress and poor nutrition – mutually influencing risk factors affecting infant neurocognitive development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine MONK, Auteur ; Michael K. GEORGIEFF, Auteur ; Erin A. OSTERHOLM, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.115-130 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Prenatal  stress  micronutrient  neurocognitive development  fetal origins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Accumulating data from animal and human studies indicate that the prenatal environment plays a significant role in shaping children's neurocognitive development. Clinical, epidemiologic, and basic science research suggests that two experiences relatively common in pregnancy – an unhealthy maternal diet and psychosocial distress – significantly affect children's future neurodevelopment. These prenatal experiences exert their influence in the context of one another and yet, almost uniformly, are studied independently. Scope and Method of Review: In this review, we suggest that studying neurocognitive development in children in relation to both prenatal exposures is ecologically most relevant, and methodologically most sound. To support this approach, we selectively review two research topics that demonstrate the need for dual exposure studies, including exemplar findings on (a) the associations between pregnant women's inadequate maternal intake of key nutrients – protein, fat, iron, zinc, and choline – as well as distress in relation to overlapping effects on children's neurocognitive development; and (b) cross-talk between the biology of stress and nutrition that can amplify each experience for the mother and fetus,. We also consider obstacles to this kind of study design, such as questions of statistical methods for ‘disentangling' the exposure effects, and aim to provide some answers. Conclusion: Studies that specifically include both exposures in their design can begin to determine the relative and/or synergistic impact of these prenatal experiences on developmental trajectories – and thereby contribute most fully to the understanding of the early origins of health and disease. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12000 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Research Review: Maternal prenatal distress and poor nutrition – mutually influencing risk factors affecting infant neurocognitive development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine MONK, Auteur ; Michael K. GEORGIEFF, Auteur ; Erin A. OSTERHOLM, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.115-130. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.115-130 Mots-clés : Prenatal  stress  micronutrient  neurocognitive development  fetal origins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Accumulating data from animal and human studies indicate that the prenatal environment plays a significant role in shaping children's neurocognitive development. Clinical, epidemiologic, and basic science research suggests that two experiences relatively common in pregnancy – an unhealthy maternal diet and psychosocial distress – significantly affect children's future neurodevelopment. These prenatal experiences exert their influence in the context of one another and yet, almost uniformly, are studied independently. Scope and Method of Review: In this review, we suggest that studying neurocognitive development in children in relation to both prenatal exposures is ecologically most relevant, and methodologically most sound. To support this approach, we selectively review two research topics that demonstrate the need for dual exposure studies, including exemplar findings on (a) the associations between pregnant women's inadequate maternal intake of key nutrients – protein, fat, iron, zinc, and choline – as well as distress in relation to overlapping effects on children's neurocognitive development; and (b) cross-talk between the biology of stress and nutrition that can amplify each experience for the mother and fetus,. We also consider obstacles to this kind of study design, such as questions of statistical methods for ‘disentangling' the exposure effects, and aim to provide some answers. Conclusion: Studies that specifically include both exposures in their design can begin to determine the relative and/or synergistic impact of these prenatal experiences on developmental trajectories – and thereby contribute most fully to the understanding of the early origins of health and disease. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12000 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct? / Maggie E. TOPLAK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.131-143 Titre : Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maggie E. TOPLAK, Auteur ; Richard F. WEST, Auteur ; Keith E. STANOVICH, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.131-143 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  executive function assessment  performance-based measures  ratings of behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Both performance-based and rating measures are commonly used to index executive function in clinical and neuropsychological assessments. They are intended to index the same broad underlying mental construct of executive function. The association between these two types of measures was investigated in the current article. Method and Results: We examined the association between performance-based and rating measures of executive function in 20 studies. These studies included 13 child and 7 adult samples, which were derived from 7 clinical, 2 nonclinical, and 11 combined clinical and nonclinical samples. Only 68 (24%) of the 286 relevant correlations reported in these studies were statistically significant, and the overall median correlation was only .19. Conclusions: It was concluded that performance-based and rating measures of executive function assess different underlying mental constructs. We discuss how these two types of measures appear to capture different levels of cognition, namely, the efficiency of cognitive abilities and success in goal pursuit. Clinical implications of using performance-based and rating measures of executive function are discussed, including the use of these measures in assessing ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Do performance-based measures and ratings of executive function assess the same construct? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maggie E. TOPLAK, Auteur ; Richard F. WEST, Auteur ; Keith E. STANOVICH, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.131-143. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.131-143 Mots-clés : ADHD  executive function assessment  performance-based measures  ratings of behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Both performance-based and rating measures are commonly used to index executive function in clinical and neuropsychological assessments. They are intended to index the same broad underlying mental construct of executive function. The association between these two types of measures was investigated in the current article. Method and Results: We examined the association between performance-based and rating measures of executive function in 20 studies. These studies included 13 child and 7 adult samples, which were derived from 7 clinical, 2 nonclinical, and 11 combined clinical and nonclinical samples. Only 68 (24%) of the 286 relevant correlations reported in these studies were statistically significant, and the overall median correlation was only .19. Conclusions: It was concluded that performance-based and rating measures of executive function assess different underlying mental constructs. We discuss how these two types of measures appear to capture different levels of cognition, namely, the efficiency of cognitive abilities and success in goal pursuit. Clinical implications of using performance-based and rating measures of executive function are discussed, including the use of these measures in assessing ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm / Evin AKTAR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.144-156 Titre : The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Evin AKTAR, Auteur ; Mirjana MAJDANDŽI?, Auteur ; Wieke DE VENTE, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.144-156 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social referencing  parental anxiety disorders  expressed parental anxiety  behavioural inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Anxiety aggregates in families. Environmental factors, such as modelling of anxious behaviours, are assumed to play a causal role in the development of child anxiety. We investigated the predictive value of paternal and maternal anxiety (lifetime anxiety disorders and expressed parental anxiety) on infants' fear and avoidance during encounters with social and nonsocial novel stimuli in a social referencing (SR) paradigm. Methods: A total of 122 12-month-old infants participated in this study separately with their fathers and mothers (parents with lifetime: social anxiety disorders [n = 47], other types of anxiety disorders [n = 33], comorbid social and other types of anxiety disorders [n = 52] and without anxiety disorders [n = 112]). Infants were confronted with a stranger and a mechanical dinosaur as novel stimuli in two SR situations. Infants' avoidance as well as fear and parents' expressed anxiety were observed. Infants' behavioural inhibition (BI) was separately observed in structured tasks. Results: Parental lifetime anxiety disorders did not significantly predict infant fear or avoidance. Expressed parental anxiety interacted with BI to significantly predict infant avoidance, revealing a positive association between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance among infants with moderate-to-high BI. The association between infant avoidance and expressed parental anxiety was not significantly different for mothers and fathers, pointing to an equally important role of fathers at this young age. Infant fear was significantly predicted by infant BI, but not by expressed parental anxiety. Conclusions: Infants with a temperamental disposition for anxiety (BI) may learn from both paternal and maternal anxious signals and become avoidant towards novelty when their parents express anxiety. This link between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance for moderate-to-high BI children, that seems to hold across contexts and to be independent of lifetime parental anxiety disorders, may be a mechanism explaining early intergenerational transmission of anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02601.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Evin AKTAR, Auteur ; Mirjana MAJDANDŽI?, Auteur ; Wieke DE VENTE, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.144-156. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.144-156 Mots-clés : Social referencing  parental anxiety disorders  expressed parental anxiety  behavioural inhibition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Anxiety aggregates in families. Environmental factors, such as modelling of anxious behaviours, are assumed to play a causal role in the development of child anxiety. We investigated the predictive value of paternal and maternal anxiety (lifetime anxiety disorders and expressed parental anxiety) on infants' fear and avoidance during encounters with social and nonsocial novel stimuli in a social referencing (SR) paradigm. Methods: A total of 122 12-month-old infants participated in this study separately with their fathers and mothers (parents with lifetime: social anxiety disorders [n = 47], other types of anxiety disorders [n = 33], comorbid social and other types of anxiety disorders [n = 52] and without anxiety disorders [n = 112]). Infants were confronted with a stranger and a mechanical dinosaur as novel stimuli in two SR situations. Infants' avoidance as well as fear and parents' expressed anxiety were observed. Infants' behavioural inhibition (BI) was separately observed in structured tasks. Results: Parental lifetime anxiety disorders did not significantly predict infant fear or avoidance. Expressed parental anxiety interacted with BI to significantly predict infant avoidance, revealing a positive association between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance among infants with moderate-to-high BI. The association between infant avoidance and expressed parental anxiety was not significantly different for mothers and fathers, pointing to an equally important role of fathers at this young age. Infant fear was significantly predicted by infant BI, but not by expressed parental anxiety. Conclusions: Infants with a temperamental disposition for anxiety (BI) may learn from both paternal and maternal anxious signals and become avoidant towards novelty when their parents express anxiety. This link between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance for moderate-to-high BI children, that seems to hold across contexts and to be independent of lifetime parental anxiety disorders, may be a mechanism explaining early intergenerational transmission of anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02601.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Early concern and disregard for others as predictors of antisocial behavior / Soo Hyun RHEE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.157-166 Titre : Early concern and disregard for others as predictors of antisocial behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Soo Hyun RHEE, Auteur ; Naomi P. FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; Debra L. BOELDT, Auteur ; Robin P. CORLEY, Auteur ; John K. HEWITT, Auteur ; Ariel KNAFO, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; JoAnn ROBINSON, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Susan E. YOUNG, Auteur ; Carolyn ZAHN-WAXLER, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.157-166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antisocial behavior  empathy  concern for others  disregard for others Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Prediction of antisocial behavior is important, given its adverse impact on both the individuals engaging in antisocial behavior and society. Additional research identifying early predictors of future antisocial behavior, or antisocial propensity, is needed. The present study tested the hypothesis that both concern for others and active disregard for others in distress in toddlers and young children predict antisocial behavior during middle childhood and adolescence. Methods: A representative sample of same-sex twins (N = 956) recruited in Colorado was examined. Mother-rated and researcher-observed concern and disregard for others assessed at age 14–36 months were examined as predictors of parent- (age 4–12), teacher- (age 7–12), and self-reported (age 17) antisocial behavior. Results: Observed disregard for others predicted antisocial behavior assessed by three different informants (parents, teachers, and self), including antisocial behavior assessed 14 years later. It also predicted a higher order antisocial behavior factor (? = .58, p .01) after controlling for observed concern for others. Mother-rated disregard for others predicted parent-reported antisocial behavior. Contrary to predictions, neither mother-rated nor observed concern for others inversely predicted antisocial behavior. Results of twin analyses suggested that the covariation between observed disregard for others and antisocial behavior was due to shared environmental influences. Conclusions: Disregard for others in toddlerhood/early childhood is a strong predictor of antisocial behavior in middle childhood and adolescence. The results suggest the potential need for early assessment of disregard for others and the development of potential interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02574.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Early concern and disregard for others as predictors of antisocial behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Soo Hyun RHEE, Auteur ; Naomi P. FRIEDMAN, Auteur ; Debra L. BOELDT, Auteur ; Robin P. CORLEY, Auteur ; John K. HEWITT, Auteur ; Ariel KNAFO, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; JoAnn ROBINSON, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Susan E. YOUNG, Auteur ; Carolyn ZAHN-WAXLER, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.157-166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.157-166 Mots-clés : Antisocial behavior  empathy  concern for others  disregard for others Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Prediction of antisocial behavior is important, given its adverse impact on both the individuals engaging in antisocial behavior and society. Additional research identifying early predictors of future antisocial behavior, or antisocial propensity, is needed. The present study tested the hypothesis that both concern for others and active disregard for others in distress in toddlers and young children predict antisocial behavior during middle childhood and adolescence. Methods: A representative sample of same-sex twins (N = 956) recruited in Colorado was examined. Mother-rated and researcher-observed concern and disregard for others assessed at age 14–36 months were examined as predictors of parent- (age 4–12), teacher- (age 7–12), and self-reported (age 17) antisocial behavior. Results: Observed disregard for others predicted antisocial behavior assessed by three different informants (parents, teachers, and self), including antisocial behavior assessed 14 years later. It also predicted a higher order antisocial behavior factor (? = .58, p .01) after controlling for observed concern for others. Mother-rated disregard for others predicted parent-reported antisocial behavior. Contrary to predictions, neither mother-rated nor observed concern for others inversely predicted antisocial behavior. Results of twin analyses suggested that the covariation between observed disregard for others and antisocial behavior was due to shared environmental influences. Conclusions: Disregard for others in toddlerhood/early childhood is a strong predictor of antisocial behavior in middle childhood and adolescence. The results suggest the potential need for early assessment of disregard for others and the development of potential interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02574.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) / James R. BLAIR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.167-168 Titre : Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James R. BLAIR, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.167-168 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12026 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Commentary: Disregard for others: empathic dysfunction or emotional volatility? The relationship with future antisocial behavior – reflections on Rhee et al. (2013) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James R. BLAIR, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.167-168. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.167-168 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12026 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Does maternal depression predict young children's executive function? – a 4-year longitudinal study / Claire HUGHES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.169-177 Titre : Does maternal depression predict young children's executive function? – a 4-year longitudinal study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Claire HUGHES, Auteur ; Gabriela ROMAN, Auteur ; Martha J. HART, Auteur ; Rosie ENSOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.169-177 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Executive function  longitudinal  individual differences  maternal depression  child development. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Building on reports that parental maltreatment and neglect adversely affect young children's executive function (EF), this longitudinal study examined whether exposure to a more common risk factor, mothers' depressive symptoms, predicted individual differences in EF at school-age. Methods: We followed up at age 6 a socially diverse sample of 126 children (78 boys, 48 girls) for whom direct observations of mother–child interactions have been shown to predict gains in EF between the ages of 2 and 4. We used an EF latent factor based on scores from three tasks (Beads, Day/Night, Tower of London) that tapped working memory, inhibitory control and planning, as well as a latent growth model of mothers' Beck Depression Inventory factor scores at four time-points, and included age 6 verbal ability as a covariate in all analyses. Results: The intercept and slope for mothers' depressive symptoms each predicted unique variance in EF at age 6; these predictive effects remained significant when we also included: (a) age 2 working memory, (b) maternal education and (c) direct observations of maternal positive control at ages 2 and 6. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that early exposure to mothers' depressive symptoms adversely affects children's developing EF, and that the chronicity of this exposure may matter. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12014 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Does maternal depression predict young children's executive function? – a 4-year longitudinal study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Claire HUGHES, Auteur ; Gabriela ROMAN, Auteur ; Martha J. HART, Auteur ; Rosie ENSOR, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.169-177. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.169-177 Mots-clés : Executive function  longitudinal  individual differences  maternal depression  child development. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Building on reports that parental maltreatment and neglect adversely affect young children's executive function (EF), this longitudinal study examined whether exposure to a more common risk factor, mothers' depressive symptoms, predicted individual differences in EF at school-age. Methods: We followed up at age 6 a socially diverse sample of 126 children (78 boys, 48 girls) for whom direct observations of mother–child interactions have been shown to predict gains in EF between the ages of 2 and 4. We used an EF latent factor based on scores from three tasks (Beads, Day/Night, Tower of London) that tapped working memory, inhibitory control and planning, as well as a latent growth model of mothers' Beck Depression Inventory factor scores at four time-points, and included age 6 verbal ability as a covariate in all analyses. Results: The intercept and slope for mothers' depressive symptoms each predicted unique variance in EF at age 6; these predictive effects remained significant when we also included: (a) age 2 working memory, (b) maternal education and (c) direct observations of maternal positive control at ages 2 and 6. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that early exposure to mothers' depressive symptoms adversely affects children's developing EF, and that the chronicity of this exposure may matter. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12014 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in 2-year-olds: a study of community practice / Christina M. CORSELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.178-185 Titre : Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in 2-year-olds: a study of community practice Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Natacha AKSHOOMOFF, Auteur ; Aubyn C. STAHMER, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.178-185 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  diagnosis  services research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Longitudinal research studies have demonstrated that experienced clinicians using standardized assessment measures can make a reliable diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in children under age 3. Limited data are available regarding the sensitivity and specificity of these measures in community settings. The aims of this study were to determine how well a standardized diagnostic observational measure (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – ADOS) functions alone, and with a brief parent measure within a community setting when administered by community clinicians. Methods: Clinical records for 138 children between the ages of 24 and 36 months of age who were evaluated for possible ASD or social/language concerns at a hospital-based developmental evaluation clinic were examined. Evaluations were conducted by community-based clinical psychologists. Classification results obtained from standardized diagnostic measures were compared with case reviewer diagnosis, by reviewers blind to scores on diagnostic measures, using The Records-based Methodology for ASD Case Definition that was developed by the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program. Results: When compared with case review diagnosis, the ADOS demonstrated strong sensitivity and specificity for both Autism versus Not Autism and ASD versus Nonspectrum (NS) diagnoses in this young sample. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), using the lower cutoff of ?12, had adequate sensitivity when differentiating Autism from Not Autism, but weak sensitivity when differentiating ASD from NS, missing about 80% of the children with pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified. Using either the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers or the SCQ in combination with the ADOS did not result in improved specificity over the ADOS alone and led to a drop in sensitivity when differentiating ASD from NS disorders. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that following best practice guidelines, the ADOS can be successfully incorporated into clinical practice with relatively good sensitivity and specificity, and worked well with a referred sample of 2-year-olds. A parent questionnaire did not lead to any improvement in diagnostic classification above the ADOS used in isolation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02607.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in 2-year-olds: a study of community practice [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Natacha AKSHOOMOFF, Auteur ; Aubyn C. STAHMER, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.178-185. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.178-185 Mots-clés : Autism  diagnosis  services research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Longitudinal research studies have demonstrated that experienced clinicians using standardized assessment measures can make a reliable diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in children under age 3. Limited data are available regarding the sensitivity and specificity of these measures in community settings. The aims of this study were to determine how well a standardized diagnostic observational measure (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – ADOS) functions alone, and with a brief parent measure within a community setting when administered by community clinicians. Methods: Clinical records for 138 children between the ages of 24 and 36 months of age who were evaluated for possible ASD or social/language concerns at a hospital-based developmental evaluation clinic were examined. Evaluations were conducted by community-based clinical psychologists. Classification results obtained from standardized diagnostic measures were compared with case reviewer diagnosis, by reviewers blind to scores on diagnostic measures, using The Records-based Methodology for ASD Case Definition that was developed by the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program. Results: When compared with case review diagnosis, the ADOS demonstrated strong sensitivity and specificity for both Autism versus Not Autism and ASD versus Nonspectrum (NS) diagnoses in this young sample. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), using the lower cutoff of ?12, had adequate sensitivity when differentiating Autism from Not Autism, but weak sensitivity when differentiating ASD from NS, missing about 80% of the children with pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified. Using either the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers or the SCQ in combination with the ADOS did not result in improved specificity over the ADOS alone and led to a drop in sensitivity when differentiating ASD from NS disorders. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that following best practice guidelines, the ADOS can be successfully incorporated into clinical practice with relatively good sensitivity and specificity, and worked well with a referred sample of 2-year-olds. A parent questionnaire did not lead to any improvement in diagnostic classification above the ADOS used in isolation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02607.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

The persistence and stability of psychiatric problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / Emily SIMONOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.186-194 Titre : The persistence and stability of psychiatric problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.186-194 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  psychopathology  psychiatric disorders  emotional and behavioural problems SNAP  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Psychiatric problems are common in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but the reasons are poorly understood. We use a longitudinal population-representative cohort to examine for the first time the persistence of psychiatric problems and to identify risk factors for their occurrence and stability. Methods: Eighty-one 16-year olds (75 male, six female), initially seen at 12 years, were re-assessed using the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Child, family and contextual characteristics from age 12 were tested as risk factors for psychopathology. Results: Prevalence rates varied depending on whether general population or ASD-specific SDQ cut-offs were used. While the former suggested a decrease in psychiatric problems over time, the ASD-specific cut-offs showed no significant differences. With the exception of ADHD, the ASD-specific cut-offs identified a smaller proportion of individuals as ‘affected' than did the general population cut-offs. There was longitudinal domain specificity, with parent correlations ranging from 0.50 to 0.58 and teacher SDQ reports at age 12 correlating 0.33–0.53 with parent reports at 16 years. In examining the role of risk factors, lower IQ and adaptive functioning predicted higher hyperactivity and total difficulties scores. Greater emotional problems at 16 were predicted by poorer maternal mental health, family-based deprivation and lower social class. Improvement from 12 to 16 years in conduct problems was predicted by greater neighbourhood deprivation and special school attendance. Conclusions: This is the first longitudinal study of other psychiatric symptoms in ASD. Additional psychiatric problems in ASD are persistent and domain-specific from childhood to adolescence. The finding that age-related reduction in SDQ symptoms does not apply when ASD-specific cut-offs are used requires further evaluation using diagnostic measures. Only a few of the expected risk factor-psychopathology predictions expected from general population studies were found, raising the possibility that the causes of psychopathology in ASD differ from those in the general population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02606.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] The persistence and stability of psychiatric problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.186-194. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.186-194 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  psychopathology  psychiatric disorders  emotional and behavioural problems SNAP  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Psychiatric problems are common in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but the reasons are poorly understood. We use a longitudinal population-representative cohort to examine for the first time the persistence of psychiatric problems and to identify risk factors for their occurrence and stability. Methods: Eighty-one 16-year olds (75 male, six female), initially seen at 12 years, were re-assessed using the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Child, family and contextual characteristics from age 12 were tested as risk factors for psychopathology. Results: Prevalence rates varied depending on whether general population or ASD-specific SDQ cut-offs were used. While the former suggested a decrease in psychiatric problems over time, the ASD-specific cut-offs showed no significant differences. With the exception of ADHD, the ASD-specific cut-offs identified a smaller proportion of individuals as ‘affected' than did the general population cut-offs. There was longitudinal domain specificity, with parent correlations ranging from 0.50 to 0.58 and teacher SDQ reports at age 12 correlating 0.33–0.53 with parent reports at 16 years. In examining the role of risk factors, lower IQ and adaptive functioning predicted higher hyperactivity and total difficulties scores. Greater emotional problems at 16 were predicted by poorer maternal mental health, family-based deprivation and lower social class. Improvement from 12 to 16 years in conduct problems was predicted by greater neighbourhood deprivation and special school attendance. Conclusions: This is the first longitudinal study of other psychiatric symptoms in ASD. Additional psychiatric problems in ASD are persistent and domain-specific from childhood to adolescence. The finding that age-related reduction in SDQ symptoms does not apply when ASD-specific cut-offs are used requires further evaluation using diagnostic measures. Only a few of the expected risk factor-psychopathology predictions expected from general population studies were found, raising the possibility that the causes of psychopathology in ASD differ from those in the general population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02606.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Optimal outcome in individuals with a history of autism / Deborah A. FEIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.195-205 Titre : Optimal outcome in individuals with a history of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Michael C. STEVENS, Auteur ; Molly HELT, Auteur ; Alyssa ORINSTEIN, Auteur ; Michael A. ROSENTHAL, Auteur ; Eva TROYB, Auteur ; Katherine E. TYSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.195-205 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  outcome  optimal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are generally considered lifelong disabilities, literature suggests that a minority of individuals with an ASD will lose the diagnosis. However, the existence of this phenomenon, as well as its frequency and interpretation, is still controversial: were they misdiagnosed initially, is this a rare event, did they lose the full diagnosis, but still suffer significant social and communication impairments or did they lose all symptoms of ASD and function socially within the normal range? Methods: The present study documents a group of these optimal outcome individuals (OO group, n = 34) by comparing their functioning on standardized measures to age, sex, and nonverbal IQ matched individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA group, n = 44) or typical development (TD group, n = 34). For this study, ‘optimal outcome' requires losing all symptoms of ASD in addition to the diagnosis, and functioning within the nonautistic range of social interaction and communication. Domains explored include language, face recognition, socialization, communication, and autism symptoms. Results: Optimal outcome and TD groups' mean scores did not differ on socialization, communication, face recognition, or most language subscales, although three OO individuals showed below-average scores on face recognition. Early in their development, the OO group displayed milder symptoms than the HFA group in the social domain, but had equally severe difficulties with communication and repetitive behaviors. Conclusions: Although possible deficits in more subtle aspects of social interaction or cognition are not ruled out, the results substantiate the possibility of OO from autism spectrum disorders and demonstrate an overall level of functioning within normal limits for this group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Optimal outcome in individuals with a history of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Michael C. STEVENS, Auteur ; Molly HELT, Auteur ; Alyssa ORINSTEIN, Auteur ; Michael A. ROSENTHAL, Auteur ; Eva TROYB, Auteur ; Katherine E. TYSON, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.195-205. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.195-205 Mots-clés : Autism  outcome  optimal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are generally considered lifelong disabilities, literature suggests that a minority of individuals with an ASD will lose the diagnosis. However, the existence of this phenomenon, as well as its frequency and interpretation, is still controversial: were they misdiagnosed initially, is this a rare event, did they lose the full diagnosis, but still suffer significant social and communication impairments or did they lose all symptoms of ASD and function socially within the normal range? Methods: The present study documents a group of these optimal outcome individuals (OO group, n = 34) by comparing their functioning on standardized measures to age, sex, and nonverbal IQ matched individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA group, n = 44) or typical development (TD group, n = 34). For this study, ‘optimal outcome' requires losing all symptoms of ASD in addition to the diagnosis, and functioning within the nonautistic range of social interaction and communication. Domains explored include language, face recognition, socialization, communication, and autism symptoms. Results: Optimal outcome and TD groups' mean scores did not differ on socialization, communication, face recognition, or most language subscales, although three OO individuals showed below-average scores on face recognition. Early in their development, the OO group displayed milder symptoms than the HFA group in the social domain, but had equally severe difficulties with communication and repetitive behaviors. Conclusions: Although possible deficits in more subtle aspects of social interaction or cognition are not ruled out, the results substantiate the possibility of OO from autism spectrum disorders and demonstrate an overall level of functioning within normal limits for this group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12037 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Investigating phenotypic heterogeneity in children with autism spectrum disorder: a factor mixture modeling approach / Stelios GEORGIADES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.206-215 Titre : Investigating phenotypic heterogeneity in children with autism spectrum disorder: a factor mixture modeling approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Michael H. BOYLE, Auteur ; Steven HANNA, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur ; Eric FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Joanne VOLDEN, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Wendy ROBERTS, Auteur ; Tracy VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Charlotte WADDELL, Auteur ; Teresa BENNETT, Auteur ; Ann THOMPSON, Auteur ; PATHWAYS IN A. S. D. STUDY TEAM, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.206-215 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Symptomatology  Autistic disorder  Classification  Diagnosis  DSM Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by notable phenotypic heterogeneity, which is often viewed as an obstacle to the study of its etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. On the basis of empirical evidence, instead of three binary categories, the upcoming edition of the DSM 5 will use two dimensions – social communication deficits (SCD) and fixated interests and repetitive behaviors (FIRB) – for the ASD diagnostic criteria. Building on this proposed DSM 5 model, it would be useful to consider whether empirical data on the SCD and FIRB dimensions can be used within the novel methodological framework of Factor Mixture Modeling (FMM) to stratify children with ASD into more homogeneous subgroups. Methods: The study sample consisted of 391 newly diagnosed children (mean age 38.3 months; 330 males) with ASD. To derive subgroups, data from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised indexing SCD and FIRB were used in FMM; FMM allows the examination of continuous dimensions and latent classes (i.e., categories) using both factor analysis (FA) and latent class analysis (LCA) as part of a single analytic framework. Results: Competing LCA, FA, and FMM models were fit to the data. On the basis of a set of goodness-of-fit criteria, a ‘two-factor/three-class' factor mixture model provided the overall best fit to the data. This model describes ASD using three subgroups/classes (Class 1: 34%, Class 2: 10%, Class 3: 56% of the sample) based on differential severity gradients on the SCD and FIRB symptom dimensions. In addition to having different symptom severity levels, children from these subgroups were diagnosed at different ages and were functioning at different adaptive, language, and cognitive levels. Conclusions: Study findings suggest that the two symptom dimensions of SCD and FIRB proposed for the DSM 5 can be used in FMM to stratify children with ASD empirically into three relatively homogeneous subgroups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02588.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Investigating phenotypic heterogeneity in children with autism spectrum disorder: a factor mixture modeling approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Michael H. BOYLE, Auteur ; Steven HANNA, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur ; Eric FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Joanne VOLDEN, Auteur ; Pat MIRENDA, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Wendy ROBERTS, Auteur ; Tracy VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Charlotte WADDELL, Auteur ; Teresa BENNETT, Auteur ; Ann THOMPSON, Auteur ; PATHWAYS IN A. S. D. STUDY TEAM, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.206-215. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.206-215 Mots-clés : Symptomatology  Autistic disorder  Classification  Diagnosis  DSM Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by notable phenotypic heterogeneity, which is often viewed as an obstacle to the study of its etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. On the basis of empirical evidence, instead of three binary categories, the upcoming edition of the DSM 5 will use two dimensions – social communication deficits (SCD) and fixated interests and repetitive behaviors (FIRB) – for the ASD diagnostic criteria. Building on this proposed DSM 5 model, it would be useful to consider whether empirical data on the SCD and FIRB dimensions can be used within the novel methodological framework of Factor Mixture Modeling (FMM) to stratify children with ASD into more homogeneous subgroups. Methods: The study sample consisted of 391 newly diagnosed children (mean age 38.3 months; 330 males) with ASD. To derive subgroups, data from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised indexing SCD and FIRB were used in FMM; FMM allows the examination of continuous dimensions and latent classes (i.e., categories) using both factor analysis (FA) and latent class analysis (LCA) as part of a single analytic framework. Results: Competing LCA, FA, and FMM models were fit to the data. On the basis of a set of goodness-of-fit criteria, a ‘two-factor/three-class' factor mixture model provided the overall best fit to the data. This model describes ASD using three subgroups/classes (Class 1: 34%, Class 2: 10%, Class 3: 56% of the sample) based on differential severity gradients on the SCD and FIRB symptom dimensions. In addition to having different symptom severity levels, children from these subgroups were diagnosed at different ages and were functioning at different adaptive, language, and cognitive levels. Conclusions: Study findings suggest that the two symptom dimensions of SCD and FIRB proposed for the DSM 5 can be used in FMM to stratify children with ASD empirically into three relatively homogeneous subgroups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02588.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188

Factors influencing scores on the social responsiveness scale / Vanessa HUS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-2 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.216-224 Titre : Factors influencing scores on the social responsiveness scale Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.216-224 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social Responsiveness Scale  autism spectrum disorder  behavior problems  age  language level Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is a parent-completed screening questionnaire often used to measure autism spectrum disorders (ASD) severity. Although child characteristics are known to influence scores from other ASD-symptom measures, as well as parent-questionnaires more broadly, there has been limited consideration of how non-ASD-specific factors may affect interpretation of SRS scores. Previous studies have explored effects of behavior problems on SRS specificity, but have not addressed influences on the use of the SRS as a quantitative measure of ASD-symptoms. Method: Raw scores (SRS-Raw) from parent-completed SRS were analyzed for 2,368 probands with ASD and 1,913 unaffected siblings. Regression analyses were used to assess associations between SRS scores and demographic, language, cognitive, and behavior measures. Results: For probands, higher SRS-Raw were associated with greater non-ASD behavior problems, higher age, and more impaired language and cognitive skills, as well as scores from other parent report measures of social development and ASD-symptoms. For unaffected siblings, having more behavior problems predicted higher SRS-Raw; male gender, younger age, and poorer adaptive social and expressive communication skills also showed small, but significant effects. Conclusions: When using the SRS as a quantitative phenotype measure, the influence of behavior problems, age, and expressive language or cognitive level on scores must be considered. If effects of non-ASD-specific factors are not addressed, SRS scores are more appropriately interpreted as indicating general levels of impairment, than as severity of ASD-specific symptoms or social impairment. Additional research is needed to consider how these factors influence the SRS' sensitivity and specificity in large, clinical samples including individuals with disorders other than ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02589.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188 [article] Factors influencing scores on the social responsiveness scale [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.216-224. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-2 (February 2013) . - p.216-224 Mots-clés : Social Responsiveness Scale  autism spectrum disorder  behavior problems  age  language level Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is a parent-completed screening questionnaire often used to measure autism spectrum disorders (ASD) severity. Although child characteristics are known to influence scores from other ASD-symptom measures, as well as parent-questionnaires more broadly, there has been limited consideration of how non-ASD-specific factors may affect interpretation of SRS scores. Previous studies have explored effects of behavior problems on SRS specificity, but have not addressed influences on the use of the SRS as a quantitative measure of ASD-symptoms. Method: Raw scores (SRS-Raw) from parent-completed SRS were analyzed for 2,368 probands with ASD and 1,913 unaffected siblings. Regression analyses were used to assess associations between SRS scores and demographic, language, cognitive, and behavior measures. Results: For probands, higher SRS-Raw were associated with greater non-ASD behavior problems, higher age, and more impaired language and cognitive skills, as well as scores from other parent report measures of social development and ASD-symptoms. For unaffected siblings, having more behavior problems predicted higher SRS-Raw; male gender, younger age, and poorer adaptive social and expressive communication skills also showed small, but significant effects. Conclusions: When using the SRS as a quantitative phenotype measure, the influence of behavior problems, age, and expressive language or cognitive level on scores must be considered. If effects of non-ASD-specific factors are not addressed, SRS scores are more appropriately interpreted as indicating general levels of impairment, than as severity of ASD-specific symptoms or social impairment. Additional research is needed to consider how these factors influence the SRS' sensitivity and specificity in large, clinical samples including individuals with disorders other than ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02589.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=188