Dépouillements

Issue Information in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.1-5 Titre : Issue Information Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1-5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1860 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Issue Information [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1-5. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.1-5 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1860 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Reviewer Thank You 2017 in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.6-15 Titre : Reviewer Thank You 2017 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.6-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1926 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Reviewer Thank You 2017 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.6-15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.6-15 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1926 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Implementing and evaluating early intervention for children with autism: Where are the gaps and what should we do? / Giacomo VIVANTI in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.16-23 Titre : Implementing and evaluating early intervention for children with autism: Where are the gaps and what should we do? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; David MANDELL, Auteur ; Melissa MAYE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.16-23 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite recent advances, the evidence base supporting early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains relatively sparse. The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) recently sponsored a Special Interest Group (SIG) on Implementing and Evaluating Community?Based Early Intervention. Across three meetings, in 2015, 2016, and 2017, conveners of this SIG engaged >200 members to identify knowledge gaps and research priorities for moving the field forward. Here, we summarize the perspectives that emerged from group discussion at the SIG meetings as represented by scholars working actively in the field. Despite encouraging progress, critical gaps and research priorities were identified across all the stages of intervention development and testing from conceptualization to community implementation. Key issues include the need for (a) formal theories to guide early intervention development, evaluation, and implementation; and alignment of intervention goals with scientific knowledge and societal changes that have occurred in the decades since interventions were originally developed; (b) increased focus on feasibility of treatment procedures and alignment with stakeholder values during pilot evaluations; (c) use of research designs that allow for comparisons of different interventions and formats, analyses of active ingredients of treatment, and identification of moderators and mediators of outcome; (d) use of community?partnered participatory research to guide adaptation of intervention models to community settings; (e) inclusion of constructs related to implementation processes and outcomes in treatment trials and; (f) an iterative approach to the progression of knowledge from intervention development to implementation. Autism Res 2018, 11: 16–23. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary In this article, we summarize the themes discussed at the INSAR Special Interest Group (SIG) on Implementing and Evaluating Community?Based Early Intervention. Priorities for moving the field forward identified in the SIG included the need for (a) formal theories to guide the development and evaluation of interventions, (b) pilot evaluations that investigate feasibility and acceptability of interventions, (c) methodologies that allow us to determine for whom different interventions bring most benefit and why this is so, (d) strategies to include community members and other stakeholders in the process of developing and evaluating interventions, and (e) understanding of factors that make interventions more likely to be adopted and successfully implemented in the real world. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1900 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Implementing and evaluating early intervention for children with autism: Where are the gaps and what should we do? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; David MANDELL, Auteur ; Melissa MAYE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur . - p.16-23. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.16-23 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite recent advances, the evidence base supporting early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains relatively sparse. The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) recently sponsored a Special Interest Group (SIG) on Implementing and Evaluating Community?Based Early Intervention. Across three meetings, in 2015, 2016, and 2017, conveners of this SIG engaged >200 members to identify knowledge gaps and research priorities for moving the field forward. Here, we summarize the perspectives that emerged from group discussion at the SIG meetings as represented by scholars working actively in the field. Despite encouraging progress, critical gaps and research priorities were identified across all the stages of intervention development and testing from conceptualization to community implementation. Key issues include the need for (a) formal theories to guide early intervention development, evaluation, and implementation; and alignment of intervention goals with scientific knowledge and societal changes that have occurred in the decades since interventions were originally developed; (b) increased focus on feasibility of treatment procedures and alignment with stakeholder values during pilot evaluations; (c) use of research designs that allow for comparisons of different interventions and formats, analyses of active ingredients of treatment, and identification of moderators and mediators of outcome; (d) use of community?partnered participatory research to guide adaptation of intervention models to community settings; (e) inclusion of constructs related to implementation processes and outcomes in treatment trials and; (f) an iterative approach to the progression of knowledge from intervention development to implementation. Autism Res 2018, 11: 16–23. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary In this article, we summarize the themes discussed at the INSAR Special Interest Group (SIG) on Implementing and Evaluating Community?Based Early Intervention. Priorities for moving the field forward identified in the SIG included the need for (a) formal theories to guide the development and evaluation of interventions, (b) pilot evaluations that investigate feasibility and acceptability of interventions, (c) methodologies that allow us to determine for whom different interventions bring most benefit and why this is so, (d) strategies to include community members and other stakeholders in the process of developing and evaluating interventions, and (e) understanding of factors that make interventions more likely to be adopted and successfully implemented in the real world. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1900 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence / Calliope HOLINGUE in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.24-36 Titre : Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Carol NEWILL, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Pankaj J. PASRICHA, Auteur ; M. Daniele FALLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.24-36 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is no standard approach to measuring GI symptoms in individuals with ASD, despite postulated interactions. The objectives of this study were to (a) describe the range of GI symptom ascertainment approaches in studies of ASD, (b) describe the range of prevalence estimates across studies, and (c) assess associations between ascertainment approach and prevalence estimates. Studies published from 1/1/1980 to 1/31/2017 were collected via PubMed. Eligibility included studies with at least ten individuals with ASD that measured GI symptoms or conditions. We excluded review and hypothesis papers. We extracted information on study design, GI symptom ascertainment method, demographics, and ASD diagnostic criteria. From a subset of studies, we extracted GI symptom estimates. Out of a possible 386 titles, 144 were included. The prevalence range for constipation was 4.3–45.5% (median 22%), for diarrhea was 2.3–75.6% (median 13.0%), and for any or more than one symptom was 4.2–96.8% (median 46.8%). GI symptoms differed significantly by age of individuals, primary goal of study, study design, study sample, and who reported symptoms (P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1854 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Carol NEWILL, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Pankaj J. PASRICHA, Auteur ; M. Daniele FALLIN, Auteur . - p.24-36. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.24-36 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is no standard approach to measuring GI symptoms in individuals with ASD, despite postulated interactions. The objectives of this study were to (a) describe the range of GI symptom ascertainment approaches in studies of ASD, (b) describe the range of prevalence estimates across studies, and (c) assess associations between ascertainment approach and prevalence estimates. Studies published from 1/1/1980 to 1/31/2017 were collected via PubMed. Eligibility included studies with at least ten individuals with ASD that measured GI symptoms or conditions. We excluded review and hypothesis papers. We extracted information on study design, GI symptom ascertainment method, demographics, and ASD diagnostic criteria. From a subset of studies, we extracted GI symptom estimates. Out of a possible 386 titles, 144 were included. The prevalence range for constipation was 4.3–45.5% (median 22%), for diarrhea was 2.3–75.6% (median 13.0%), and for any or more than one symptom was 4.2–96.8% (median 46.8%). GI symptoms differed significantly by age of individuals, primary goal of study, study design, study sample, and who reported symptoms (P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1854 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Neurexin gene family variants as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder / Jia WANG in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.37-43 Titre : Neurexin gene family variants as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jia WANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Lingfei LIU, Auteur ; HuaiTing GU, Auteur ; Xiu LUO, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.37-43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal synaptic function leads to neuronal developmental disorders and is an important component of the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neurexins are presynaptic cell?adhesion molecules that affect the function of synapses and mediate the conduction of nerve signals. Thus, neurexins are attractive candidate genes for autism. Since gene families have greater power to reveal genetic association than single genes, we designed this case?control study to investigate six genetic variants in three neurexin genes (NRXN1, NRXN2, and NRXN3) in a Chinese population including 529 ASD patients and 1,923 healthy controls. We found that two SNPs were significantly associated with ASD after false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment for multiple comparisons. The NRXN2 rs12273892 polymorphism T allele and AT genotype were significantly associated with increased risk of ASD (respectively: OR?=?1.328, 95% CI?=?1.133–1.557, P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1881 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Neurexin gene family variants as risk factors for autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jia WANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Lingfei LIU, Auteur ; HuaiTing GU, Auteur ; Xiu LUO, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur . - p.37-43. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.37-43 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal synaptic function leads to neuronal developmental disorders and is an important component of the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neurexins are presynaptic cell?adhesion molecules that affect the function of synapses and mediate the conduction of nerve signals. Thus, neurexins are attractive candidate genes for autism. Since gene families have greater power to reveal genetic association than single genes, we designed this case?control study to investigate six genetic variants in three neurexin genes (NRXN1, NRXN2, and NRXN3) in a Chinese population including 529 ASD patients and 1,923 healthy controls. We found that two SNPs were significantly associated with ASD after false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment for multiple comparisons. The NRXN2 rs12273892 polymorphism T allele and AT genotype were significantly associated with increased risk of ASD (respectively: OR?=?1.328, 95% CI?=?1.133–1.557, P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1881 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Characterization of early communicative behavior in mouse models of neurofibromatosis type 1 / Susan E. MALONEY in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.44-58 Titre : Characterization of early communicative behavior in mouse models of neurofibromatosis type 1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan E. MALONEY, Auteur ; Krystal C. CHANDLER, Auteur ; Corina ANASTASAKI, Auteur ; Michael A. RIEGER, Auteur ; David H. GUTMANN, Auteur ; Joseph D. DOUGHERTY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44-58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a monogenic neurodevelopmental disease caused by germline loss?of?function mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene. Cognitive impairments are observed in approximately 80% of children with this disease, with 45–60% exhibiting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology. In light of the high comorbidity rate between ASD and NF1, we assessed early communicative behavior by maternal?separation induced pup ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) and developmental milestones in two distinct Nf1 genetically engineered models, one modeling clinical germline heterozygous loss of Nf1 function (Nf1+/– mice), and a second with somatic biallelic Nf1 inactivation in neuroglial progenitor cells (Nf1GFAPCKO mice). We observed altered USV production in both models: Nf1+/– mice exhibited both increased USVs across development and alterations in aspects of pitch, while Nf1GFAPCKO mice demonstrated a decrease in USVs. Developmental milestones, such as weight, pinnae detachment, and eye opening, were not disrupted in either model, indicating the USV deficits were not due to gross developmental delay, and likely reflected more specific alterations in USV circuitry. In this respect, increased whole?brain serotonin was observed in Nf1+/– mice, but whole?brain levels of dopamine and its metabolites were unchanged at the age of peak USV disruption, and USV alterations did not correlate with overall level of neurofibromin loss. The early communicative phenotypes reported herein should motivate further studies into the risks mediated by haploinsufficiency and biallelic deletion of Nf1 across a full battery of ASD?relevant behavioral phenotypes, and a targeted analysis of underlying circuitry disruptions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 44–58. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurogenetic disorder caused by mutation of the NF1 gene, in which 80% of affected children exhibit cognitive and behavioral issues. Based on emerging evidence that NF1 may be an autism predisposition gene, we examined autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?relevant early communicative behavior in Nf1 mouse models and observed alterations in both models. The changes in early communicative behavior in Nf1 mutant mice should motivate further studies into the causative factors and potential treatments for ASD arising in the context of NF1. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1853 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Characterization of early communicative behavior in mouse models of neurofibromatosis type 1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan E. MALONEY, Auteur ; Krystal C. CHANDLER, Auteur ; Corina ANASTASAKI, Auteur ; Michael A. RIEGER, Auteur ; David H. GUTMANN, Auteur ; Joseph D. DOUGHERTY, Auteur . - p.44-58. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.44-58 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a monogenic neurodevelopmental disease caused by germline loss?of?function mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene. Cognitive impairments are observed in approximately 80% of children with this disease, with 45–60% exhibiting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology. In light of the high comorbidity rate between ASD and NF1, we assessed early communicative behavior by maternal?separation induced pup ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) and developmental milestones in two distinct Nf1 genetically engineered models, one modeling clinical germline heterozygous loss of Nf1 function (Nf1+/– mice), and a second with somatic biallelic Nf1 inactivation in neuroglial progenitor cells (Nf1GFAPCKO mice). We observed altered USV production in both models: Nf1+/– mice exhibited both increased USVs across development and alterations in aspects of pitch, while Nf1GFAPCKO mice demonstrated a decrease in USVs. Developmental milestones, such as weight, pinnae detachment, and eye opening, were not disrupted in either model, indicating the USV deficits were not due to gross developmental delay, and likely reflected more specific alterations in USV circuitry. In this respect, increased whole?brain serotonin was observed in Nf1+/– mice, but whole?brain levels of dopamine and its metabolites were unchanged at the age of peak USV disruption, and USV alterations did not correlate with overall level of neurofibromin loss. The early communicative phenotypes reported herein should motivate further studies into the risks mediated by haploinsufficiency and biallelic deletion of Nf1 across a full battery of ASD?relevant behavioral phenotypes, and a targeted analysis of underlying circuitry disruptions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 44–58. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurogenetic disorder caused by mutation of the NF1 gene, in which 80% of affected children exhibit cognitive and behavioral issues. Based on emerging evidence that NF1 may be an autism predisposition gene, we examined autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?relevant early communicative behavior in Nf1 mouse models and observed alterations in both models. The changes in early communicative behavior in Nf1 mutant mice should motivate further studies into the causative factors and potential treatments for ASD arising in the context of NF1. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1853 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Shank3?deficient rats exhibit degraded cortical responses to sound / T. ENGINEER CRYSTAL in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.59-68 Titre : Shank3?deficient rats exhibit degraded cortical responses to sound Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. ENGINEER CRYSTAL, Auteur ; C. RAHEBI KIMIYA, Auteur ; S. BORLAND MICHAEL, Auteur ; P. BUELL ELIZABETH, Auteur ; W. IM KWOK, Auteur ; Linda G. WILSON, Auteur ; Pryanka SHARMA, Auteur ; Sven VANNESTE, Auteur ; Hala HARONY-NICOLAS, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; P. KILGARD MICHAEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.59-68 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Phelan?McDermid syndrome  22q13 deletion  autism  SHANK3?haploinsufficiency syndromes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired receptive and expressive language abilities. While brain responses are known to be abnormal in these individuals, the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we document the auditory cortex response to speech and non?speech sounds in the novel Shank3?deficient rat model. We predicted that the auditory cortex response to sounds would be impaired in Shank3?deficient rats. We found that auditory cortex responses were weaker in Shank3 heterozygous rats compared to wild?type rats. Additionally, Shank3 heterozygous responses had less spontaneous auditory cortex firing and were unable to respond well to rapid trains of noise bursts. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan?McDermid syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 59?68. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Individuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired language abilities, yet the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we found that auditory cortex responses were weaker and were unable to respond well to rapid sounds in Shank3?deficient rats compared to control rats. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan?McDermid syndrome. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1883 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Shank3?deficient rats exhibit degraded cortical responses to sound [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. ENGINEER CRYSTAL, Auteur ; C. RAHEBI KIMIYA, Auteur ; S. BORLAND MICHAEL, Auteur ; P. BUELL ELIZABETH, Auteur ; W. IM KWOK, Auteur ; Linda G. WILSON, Auteur ; Pryanka SHARMA, Auteur ; Sven VANNESTE, Auteur ; Hala HARONY-NICOLAS, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; P. KILGARD MICHAEL, Auteur . - p.59-68. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.59-68 Mots-clés : Phelan?McDermid syndrome  22q13 deletion  autism  SHANK3?haploinsufficiency syndromes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired receptive and expressive language abilities. While brain responses are known to be abnormal in these individuals, the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we document the auditory cortex response to speech and non?speech sounds in the novel Shank3?deficient rat model. We predicted that the auditory cortex response to sounds would be impaired in Shank3?deficient rats. We found that auditory cortex responses were weaker in Shank3 heterozygous rats compared to wild?type rats. Additionally, Shank3 heterozygous responses had less spontaneous auditory cortex firing and were unable to respond well to rapid trains of noise bursts. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan?McDermid syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 59?68. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Individuals with SHANK3 mutations have severely impaired language abilities, yet the auditory cortex response to sound has remained largely understudied. In this study, we found that auditory cortex responses were weaker and were unable to respond well to rapid sounds in Shank3?deficient rats compared to control rats. The rat model of the auditory impairments in SHANK3 mutation could be used to test potential rehabilitation or drug therapies to improve the communication impairments observed in individuals with Phelan?McDermid syndrome. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1883 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Joint effects of prenatal air pollutant exposure and maternal folic acid supplementation on risk of autism spectrum disorder / J. GOODRICH AMANDA in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.69-80 Titre : Joint effects of prenatal air pollutant exposure and maternal folic acid supplementation on risk of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. GOODRICH AMANDA, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Daniel J. TANCREDI, Auteur ; Rob MCCONNELL, Auteur ; W. LURMANN FRED, Auteur ; L. HANSEN ROBIN, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.69-80 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  ASD  folic acid  air pollution  prenatal exposure  environmental exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Independent studies report that periconceptional folic acid (FA) may decrease the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) while exposure to air pollution may increase ASD risk. We examined the joint effects of gestational FA and air pollution exposures in association with ASD. We studied 346 ASD cases and 260 typically developing controls from the CHARGE case?control study. Self?reported FA intake for each month of pregnancy was quantified. Estimates of exposure to near roadway air pollution (NRP) and criteria air pollutant measures were assigned based on maternal residential history. Among mothers with high FA intake (>800 ?g) in the first pregnancy month, exposure to increasing levels of all air pollutants, except ozone, during the first trimester was associated with decreased ASD risk, while increased ASD risk was observed for the same pollutant among mothers with low FA intake (?800 ?g). This difference was statistically significant for NO2 (e.g., NO2 and low FA intake: OR=1.53 (0.91, 2.56) vs NO2 and high FA intake: OR=0.74 (0.46, 1.19), P?interaction=0.04). Mothers exposed to higher levels (? median) of any air pollutant during the first trimester of pregnancy and who reported low FA intake were at a higher ASD risk compared to mothers exposed to lower levels of that air pollutant and who reported high first month FA intake. Joint effects showed significant (alpha? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1885 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Joint effects of prenatal air pollutant exposure and maternal folic acid supplementation on risk of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. GOODRICH AMANDA, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Daniel J. TANCREDI, Auteur ; Rob MCCONNELL, Auteur ; W. LURMANN FRED, Auteur ; L. HANSEN ROBIN, Auteur ; Rebecca J. SCHMIDT, Auteur . - p.69-80. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.69-80 Mots-clés : autism  ASD  folic acid  air pollution  prenatal exposure  environmental exposure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Independent studies report that periconceptional folic acid (FA) may decrease the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) while exposure to air pollution may increase ASD risk. We examined the joint effects of gestational FA and air pollution exposures in association with ASD. We studied 346 ASD cases and 260 typically developing controls from the CHARGE case?control study. Self?reported FA intake for each month of pregnancy was quantified. Estimates of exposure to near roadway air pollution (NRP) and criteria air pollutant measures were assigned based on maternal residential history. Among mothers with high FA intake (>800 ?g) in the first pregnancy month, exposure to increasing levels of all air pollutants, except ozone, during the first trimester was associated with decreased ASD risk, while increased ASD risk was observed for the same pollutant among mothers with low FA intake (?800 ?g). This difference was statistically significant for NO2 (e.g., NO2 and low FA intake: OR=1.53 (0.91, 2.56) vs NO2 and high FA intake: OR=0.74 (0.46, 1.19), P?interaction=0.04). Mothers exposed to higher levels (? median) of any air pollutant during the first trimester of pregnancy and who reported low FA intake were at a higher ASD risk compared to mothers exposed to lower levels of that air pollutant and who reported high first month FA intake. Joint effects showed significant (alpha? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1885 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

Autism spectrum disorder and birth spacing: Findings from the study to explore early development (SEED) / Laura A. SCHIEVE in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.81-94 Titre : Autism spectrum disorder and birth spacing: Findings from the study to explore early development (SEED) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; H. TIAN LIN, Auteur ; Carolyn DREWS?BOTSCH, Auteur ; C. WINDHAM GAYLE, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Julie L. DANIELS, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; M. DANIELLE FALLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.81-94 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental disabilities  birth spacing  epidemiology  risk factor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and birth spacing had limitations; few examined phenotypic case subtypes or explored underlying mechanisms for associations and none assessed whether other (non?ASD) developmental disabilities (DDs) were associated with birth spacing. We assessed associations between inter?pregnancy interval (IPI) and both ASD and other DDs using data from the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi?site case?control study with rigorous case?finding and case?classification methods and detailed data collection on maternal reproductive history. Our sample included 356 ASD cases, 627 DD cases, and 524 population (POP) controls born in second or later births. ASD and DD cases were further sub?divided according to whether the child had intellectual disability (ID). ASD cases were also sub?divided by ASD symptom severity, and DD cases were subdivided by presence of some ASD symptoms (indicated on an autism screener). Odds ratios, adjusted for maternal?child sociodemographic factors, (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals were derived from logistic regression models. Among term births, ASD was associated with both IPI <18 months (aOR 1.5 [1.1?2.2]) and ?60 months (1.5 [0.99?2.4]). Both short and long IPI associations were stronger among ASD cases with high severity scores (aORs 2.0 [1.3?3.3] and 1.8 [0.99?3.2], respectively). Associations were unchanged after adding several factors potentially related to the causal pathway to regression models. DD was not associated with either short or long IPI?overall, among term births, or in any subgroup examined. These findings extend those from previous studies and further inform recommendations on optimal pregnancy spacing. Autism Res 2018, 11: 81?94. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We investigated whether the amount of time between pregnancies was associated autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other developmental disabilities (DD) in children. ASD was increased in second and later?born children who were conceived less than 18 months or 60 or more months after the mother's previous birth. Other DDs were not associated with birth spacing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1887 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333 [article] Autism spectrum disorder and birth spacing: Findings from the study to explore early development (SEED) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; H. TIAN LIN, Auteur ; Carolyn DREWS?BOTSCH, Auteur ; C. WINDHAM GAYLE, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Julie L. DANIELS, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; M. DANIELLE FALLIN, Auteur . - p.81-94. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.81-94 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  developmental disabilities  birth spacing  epidemiology  risk factor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and birth spacing had limitations; few examined phenotypic case subtypes or explored underlying mechanisms for associations and none assessed whether other (non?ASD) developmental disabilities (DDs) were associated with birth spacing. We assessed associations between inter?pregnancy interval (IPI) and both ASD and other DDs using data from the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi?site case?control study with rigorous case?finding and case?classification methods and detailed data collection on maternal reproductive history. Our sample included 356 ASD cases, 627 DD cases, and 524 population (POP) controls born in second or later births. ASD and DD cases were further sub?divided according to whether the child had intellectual disability (ID). ASD cases were also sub?divided by ASD symptom severity, and DD cases were subdivided by presence of some ASD symptoms (indicated on an autism screener). Odds ratios, adjusted for maternal?child sociodemographic factors, (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals were derived from logistic regression models. Among term births, ASD was associated with both IPI <18 months (aOR 1.5 [1.1?2.2]) and ?60 months (1.5 [0.99?2.4]). Both short and long IPI associations were stronger among ASD cases with high severity scores (aORs 2.0 [1.3?3.3] and 1.8 [0.99?3.2], respectively). Associations were unchanged after adding several factors potentially related to the causal pathway to regression models. DD was not associated with either short or long IPI?overall, among term births, or in any subgroup examined. These findings extend those from previous studies and further inform recommendations on optimal pregnancy spacing. Autism Res 2018, 11: 81?94. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We investigated whether the amount of time between pregnancies was associated autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other developmental disabilities (DD) in children. ASD was increased in second and later?born children who were conceived less than 18 months or 60 or more months after the mother's previous birth. Other DDs were not associated with birth spacing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1887 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=333

The association between theory of mind, executive function, and the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder / Catherine R. G. JONES in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.95-109 Titre : The association between theory of mind, executive function, and the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Anita J. S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.95-109 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been strongly argued that atypical cognitive processes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) contribute to the expression of behavioural symptoms. Comprehensive investigation of these claims has been limited by small and unrepresentative sample sizes and the absence of wide?ranging task batteries. The current study investigated the cognitive abilities of 100 adolescents with ASD (mean age?=?15 years 6 months), using 10 tasks to measure the domains of theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF). We used structural equation modelling as a statistically robust way of exploring the associations between cognition and parent?reported measures of social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs). We found that ToM ability was associated with both social communication symptoms and RRBs. EF was a correlate of ToM but had no direct association with parent?reported symptom expression. Our data suggest that in adolescence ToM ability, but not EF, is directly related to autistic symptom expression. Autism Res 2018, 11: 95–109. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary The behaviours that are common to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been linked to differences in thinking ability. We assessed autistic adolescents and found that social communication difficulties and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviours related to difficulties in understanding other peoples’ minds (theory of mind). In contrast, these behaviours were not associated with the general thinking abilities involved in planning and executing tasks (executive function). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1873 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] The association between theory of mind, executive function, and the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Anita J. S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.95-109. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.95-109 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been strongly argued that atypical cognitive processes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) contribute to the expression of behavioural symptoms. Comprehensive investigation of these claims has been limited by small and unrepresentative sample sizes and the absence of wide?ranging task batteries. The current study investigated the cognitive abilities of 100 adolescents with ASD (mean age?=?15 years 6 months), using 10 tasks to measure the domains of theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF). We used structural equation modelling as a statistically robust way of exploring the associations between cognition and parent?reported measures of social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs). We found that ToM ability was associated with both social communication symptoms and RRBs. EF was a correlate of ToM but had no direct association with parent?reported symptom expression. Our data suggest that in adolescence ToM ability, but not EF, is directly related to autistic symptom expression. Autism Res 2018, 11: 95–109. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary The behaviours that are common to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been linked to differences in thinking ability. We assessed autistic adolescents and found that social communication difficulties and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviours related to difficulties in understanding other peoples’ minds (theory of mind). In contrast, these behaviours were not associated with the general thinking abilities involved in planning and executing tasks (executive function). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1873 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Comparing the effects of age, pubertal development, and symptom profile on cortisol rhythm in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / A. MUSCATELLO RACHAEL in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.110-120 Titre : Comparing the effects of age, pubertal development, and symptom profile on cortisol rhythm in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. MUSCATELLO RACHAEL, Auteur ; A. CORBETT BLYTHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.110-120 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cortisol  HPA axis  age  development  puberty  adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown elevated evening cortisol; however, few studies have examined diurnal rhythm in adolescents with ASD. Adolescence is a time of significant physical and psychological change, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic?pituitary?adrenal axis may put adolescents with ASD at increased risk for internalizing disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The extent to which cortisol levels are associated with age, puberty and symptom profile was examined in 113 youth (ages 7?17) with ASD and typical development. Salivary samples were collected over 3 days in the home, 4 times per day (waking, 30?min post?waking, afternoon, evening). Results showed youth with ASD had higher evening cortisol and a blunted diurnal slope relative to TD youth. Pubertal development and age were significant predictors of evening cortisol, and adolescents with ASD had higher evening cortisol levels compared to children with ASD. The study extends previous reports of elevated evening cortisol in children with ASD to reveal high levels in adolescence as well. Adolescents with ASD also show a significantly blunted diurnal slope, which may be associated with risk of internalizing symptoms. Findings suggest elevated evening cortisol persists across development in youth with ASD, thus emphasizing a need to identify potential negative effects of excess cortisol exposure on health in ASD individuals. Autism Res 2018, 11: 110?120. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Elevations in stress hormone, cortisol, during the evening may indicate increased stress from changes throughout the day in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study shows that age and pubertal development are also related to increases in evening cortisol, and this maladaptive elevation in cortisol in ASD is not going away with age. These cortisol elevations may also be associated with other psychological symptoms and warrant further investigation in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1879 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Comparing the effects of age, pubertal development, and symptom profile on cortisol rhythm in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. MUSCATELLO RACHAEL, Auteur ; A. CORBETT BLYTHE, Auteur . - p.110-120. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.110-120 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cortisol  HPA axis  age  development  puberty  adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown elevated evening cortisol; however, few studies have examined diurnal rhythm in adolescents with ASD. Adolescence is a time of significant physical and psychological change, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic?pituitary?adrenal axis may put adolescents with ASD at increased risk for internalizing disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The extent to which cortisol levels are associated with age, puberty and symptom profile was examined in 113 youth (ages 7?17) with ASD and typical development. Salivary samples were collected over 3 days in the home, 4 times per day (waking, 30?min post?waking, afternoon, evening). Results showed youth with ASD had higher evening cortisol and a blunted diurnal slope relative to TD youth. Pubertal development and age were significant predictors of evening cortisol, and adolescents with ASD had higher evening cortisol levels compared to children with ASD. The study extends previous reports of elevated evening cortisol in children with ASD to reveal high levels in adolescence as well. Adolescents with ASD also show a significantly blunted diurnal slope, which may be associated with risk of internalizing symptoms. Findings suggest elevated evening cortisol persists across development in youth with ASD, thus emphasizing a need to identify potential negative effects of excess cortisol exposure on health in ASD individuals. Autism Res 2018, 11: 110?120. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Elevations in stress hormone, cortisol, during the evening may indicate increased stress from changes throughout the day in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study shows that age and pubertal development are also related to increases in evening cortisol, and this maladaptive elevation in cortisol in ASD is not going away with age. These cortisol elevations may also be associated with other psychological symptoms and warrant further investigation in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1879 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

What will my child's future hold? phenotypes of intellectual development in 2–8?year?olds with autism spectrum disorder / Marjorie SOLOMON in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.121-132 Titre : What will my child's future hold? phenotypes of intellectual development in 2–8?year?olds with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Ana?Maria IOSIF, Auteur ; P. REINHARDT VANESSA, Auteur ; E. LIBERO LAUREN, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.121-132 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : intellectual development  phenotypes  longitudinal  ASD  IQ  early childhood  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined phenotypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on trajectories of intellectual development from early (ages 2?3 ½) to middle (ages 5?8) childhood in a recent clinically ascertained cohort. Participants included 102 children (82 males) initially diagnosed with ASD from the Autism Phenome Project longitudinal sample. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify distinct IQ trajectories. Baseline and developmental course differences among groups were assessed using univariate techniques and repeated measures regression models, respectively. A four class model best represented the data. Using the highest posterior probability, participants were assigned to High Challenges (25.5%), Stable Low (17.6%), Changers (35.3%), and Lesser Challenges (21.6%) groups. The High Challenges and Stable Low groups exhibited persistently low IQ, although, the High Challenges group experienced declines while the Stable Low group's scores remained more constant. Changers showed IQ improvement of >?2 standard deviations. The Lesser Challenges group had IQs in the average range at both times that were about 1 standard deviation higher at T2. In summation, 75% of the participants experienced some relative improvements in intellectual and/or other areas of functioning between ages 2 and 8 years. The Changers group demonstrated the most significant IQ change that was accompanied by adaptive communication improvement and declining externalizing symptoms. Only the Lesser Challenges group showed a significant reduction in ASD symptom severity, such that by age 8, 14% of them no longer met ADOS?2 criteria for ASD. All groups showed reductions in internalizing symptoms. Intervention history was not associated with group status. Autism Res 2018, 11: 121?132. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We examined how the IQs of children with autism spectrum disorder change between ages 2 and 8, and identified four patterns. Two groups exhibited persistently lower IQs. One group showed IQ increases of greater than 30 points with improved communicate abilities and declining disruptive behaviors. The final group had IQs in the average or better range at both time points, and 14% of them lost their diagnoses. Over half of the children experienced improved intellectual functioning between ages 2 and 8, whereas about 25% showed declines. Findings were not associated with intervention history. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1884 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] What will my child's future hold? phenotypes of intellectual development in 2–8?year?olds with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Ana?Maria IOSIF, Auteur ; P. REINHARDT VANESSA, Auteur ; E. LIBERO LAUREN, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.121-132. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.121-132 Mots-clés : intellectual development  phenotypes  longitudinal  ASD  IQ  early childhood  autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined phenotypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on trajectories of intellectual development from early (ages 2?3 ½) to middle (ages 5?8) childhood in a recent clinically ascertained cohort. Participants included 102 children (82 males) initially diagnosed with ASD from the Autism Phenome Project longitudinal sample. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify distinct IQ trajectories. Baseline and developmental course differences among groups were assessed using univariate techniques and repeated measures regression models, respectively. A four class model best represented the data. Using the highest posterior probability, participants were assigned to High Challenges (25.5%), Stable Low (17.6%), Changers (35.3%), and Lesser Challenges (21.6%) groups. The High Challenges and Stable Low groups exhibited persistently low IQ, although, the High Challenges group experienced declines while the Stable Low group's scores remained more constant. Changers showed IQ improvement of >?2 standard deviations. The Lesser Challenges group had IQs in the average range at both times that were about 1 standard deviation higher at T2. In summation, 75% of the participants experienced some relative improvements in intellectual and/or other areas of functioning between ages 2 and 8 years. The Changers group demonstrated the most significant IQ change that was accompanied by adaptive communication improvement and declining externalizing symptoms. Only the Lesser Challenges group showed a significant reduction in ASD symptom severity, such that by age 8, 14% of them no longer met ADOS?2 criteria for ASD. All groups showed reductions in internalizing symptoms. Intervention history was not associated with group status. Autism Res 2018, 11: 121?132. ? 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We examined how the IQs of children with autism spectrum disorder change between ages 2 and 8, and identified four patterns. Two groups exhibited persistently lower IQs. One group showed IQ increases of greater than 30 points with improved communicate abilities and declining disruptive behaviors. The final group had IQs in the average or better range at both time points, and 14% of them lost their diagnoses. Over half of the children experienced improved intellectual functioning between ages 2 and 8, whereas about 25% showed declines. Findings were not associated with intervention history. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1884 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder / R. GEORGE in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.133-141 Titre : Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. GEORGE, Auteur ; M.A. STOKES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.133-141 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical impressions suggest a different sexual profile between individuals with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Little is presently known about the demographics of sexual orientation in ASD. Sexual Orientation was surveyed using the Sell Scale of Sexual Orientation in an international online sample of individuals with ASD (N?=?309, M?=?90, F= 219), aged (M?=?32.30 years, SD?=?11.93) and this was compared to sexual orientation of typically?developing individuals (N?=?310, M?=?84, F= 226), aged (M?=?29.82 years, SD?=?11.85). Findings suggested that sexual orientation was contingent on diagnosis (N?=?570, ?2(9)=104.05, P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1892 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. GEORGE, Auteur ; M.A. STOKES, Auteur . - p.133-141. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.133-141 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical impressions suggest a different sexual profile between individuals with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Little is presently known about the demographics of sexual orientation in ASD. Sexual Orientation was surveyed using the Sell Scale of Sexual Orientation in an international online sample of individuals with ASD (N?=?309, M?=?90, F= 219), aged (M?=?32.30 years, SD?=?11.93) and this was compared to sexual orientation of typically?developing individuals (N?=?310, M?=?84, F= 226), aged (M?=?29.82 years, SD?=?11.85). Findings suggested that sexual orientation was contingent on diagnosis (N?=?570, ?2(9)=104.05, P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1892 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Mid?life social outcomes for a population?based sample of adults with ASD / Megan FARLEY in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.142-152 Titre : Mid?life social outcomes for a population?based sample of adults with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan FARLEY, Auteur ; Kristina J. COTTLE, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Joseph VISKOCHIL, Auteur ; Hilary COON, Auteur ; William MCMAHON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.142-152 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fall short of social outcomes of non?ASD peers in mid?life, as documented by currently published research. The aim of the current study was to extend what is known about social functioning, employment, independent living, and use of social services by examining details of the current life status for a population?based sample of adults with ASD (mean age?=?35.5 years, range?=?22.2–51.4). We collected outcome data via direct assessment and informant report for 169 individuals. Three?fourths of the sample had cognitive abilities in the intellectually disabled range. Social functioning outcomes, as a single measure, mirror those reported previously for other samples, including samples with a high proportion of individuals with normal range intellectual abilities, with 20% achieving the most independent outcomes and 46% requiring high levels of support across most life areas. Participant subgroups who achieved maximal outcomes represented a range of social and intellectual abilities for several outcome metrics. Participants used high levels of public and private supports, yet specific areas of clear, unmet need were also identified. Autism Res 2018, 11: 142–152. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This paper describes the social functioning outcomes for 169 adults with autism spectrum disorders in mid?life. Adult participants spanned the full range of functional and cognitive ability levels, with over 75% functioning in the cognitively impaired range. While summary descriptions of outcomes for this sample were similar to those reported for other groups of adults, this report provides detailed information regarding employment outcomes, social relationships, leisure activities, participation in the community, residential situations, public service use, and involvement with law enforcement. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1897 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Mid?life social outcomes for a population?based sample of adults with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan FARLEY, Auteur ; Kristina J. COTTLE, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Joseph VISKOCHIL, Auteur ; Hilary COON, Auteur ; William MCMAHON, Auteur . - p.142-152. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.142-152 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fall short of social outcomes of non?ASD peers in mid?life, as documented by currently published research. The aim of the current study was to extend what is known about social functioning, employment, independent living, and use of social services by examining details of the current life status for a population?based sample of adults with ASD (mean age?=?35.5 years, range?=?22.2–51.4). We collected outcome data via direct assessment and informant report for 169 individuals. Three?fourths of the sample had cognitive abilities in the intellectually disabled range. Social functioning outcomes, as a single measure, mirror those reported previously for other samples, including samples with a high proportion of individuals with normal range intellectual abilities, with 20% achieving the most independent outcomes and 46% requiring high levels of support across most life areas. Participant subgroups who achieved maximal outcomes represented a range of social and intellectual abilities for several outcome metrics. Participants used high levels of public and private supports, yet specific areas of clear, unmet need were also identified. Autism Res 2018, 11: 142–152. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This paper describes the social functioning outcomes for 169 adults with autism spectrum disorders in mid?life. Adult participants spanned the full range of functional and cognitive ability levels, with over 75% functioning in the cognitively impaired range. While summary descriptions of outcomes for this sample were similar to those reported for other groups of adults, this report provides detailed information regarding employment outcomes, social relationships, leisure activities, participation in the community, residential situations, public service use, and involvement with law enforcement. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1897 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Pivotal response treatment for preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder: Defining a predictor profile / Kristin?Lee FOSSUM in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.153-165 Titre : Pivotal response treatment for preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder: Defining a predictor profile Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristin?Lee FOSSUM, Auteur ; Loriann WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy GARON, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.153-165 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who respond positively to Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) have been described previously, based on single?subject design research. The present study examined several such characteristics, as well as positive affect, as predictors of expressive language (EL) gains in a representative sample of preschoolers with ASD (n?=?57) enrolled in a PRT?based community early intervention program. Children's cognitive ability, positive affect, and levels of appropriate toy contact measured at the start of intervention each contributed significantly to the prediction of EL outcomes. Together these variables accounted for 40% of the total outcome variance. In addition, a profile of increased EL ability, positive affect and appropriate toy contact, and decreased social avoidance and stereotyped and repetitive vocalizations was associated with greater gains during intervention. Results are discussed in relation to their implications for understanding both the variable treatment response documented in children with ASD and how to tailor treatment to optimize individual benefit. Autism Res 2018, 11: 153–165. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary The study examined behavior of 57 preschoolers who made the greatest and least gains from 1 year of a community Pivotal Response Treatment program. Using pre?treatment videos, we saw that children who made the most progress showed more language, positive affect, and appropriate interactions with toys, also less avoidance of people and fewer repetitive vocalizations. Behavior profiles can be used to match treatment to individual children's needs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1859 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Pivotal response treatment for preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder: Defining a predictor profile [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristin?Lee FOSSUM, Auteur ; Loriann WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy GARON, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur . - p.153-165. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.153-165 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who respond positively to Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) have been described previously, based on single?subject design research. The present study examined several such characteristics, as well as positive affect, as predictors of expressive language (EL) gains in a representative sample of preschoolers with ASD (n?=?57) enrolled in a PRT?based community early intervention program. Children's cognitive ability, positive affect, and levels of appropriate toy contact measured at the start of intervention each contributed significantly to the prediction of EL outcomes. Together these variables accounted for 40% of the total outcome variance. In addition, a profile of increased EL ability, positive affect and appropriate toy contact, and decreased social avoidance and stereotyped and repetitive vocalizations was associated with greater gains during intervention. Results are discussed in relation to their implications for understanding both the variable treatment response documented in children with ASD and how to tailor treatment to optimize individual benefit. Autism Res 2018, 11: 153–165. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary The study examined behavior of 57 preschoolers who made the greatest and least gains from 1 year of a community Pivotal Response Treatment program. Using pre?treatment videos, we saw that children who made the most progress showed more language, positive affect, and appropriate interactions with toys, also less avoidance of people and fewer repetitive vocalizations. Behavior profiles can be used to match treatment to individual children's needs. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1859 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Validation of eye?tracking measures of social attention as a potential biomarker for autism clinical trials / Michael MURIAS in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.166-174 Titre : Validation of eye?tracking measures of social attention as a potential biomarker for autism clinical trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Samantha MAJOR, Auteur ; Katherine DAVLANTIS, Auteur ; Lauren FRANZ, Auteur ; Adrianne HARRIS, Auteur ; Benjamin RARDIN, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.166-174 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social communication impairments are a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and this class of symptoms is a target for treatments for the disorder. Measures of social attention, assessed via eye?gaze tracking (EGT), have been proposed as an early efficacy biomarker for clinical trials targeting social communication skills. EGT measures have been shown to differentiate children with ASD from typical children; however, there is less known about their relationships with social communication outcome measures that are typically used in ASD clinical trials. In the present study, an EGT task involving viewing a videotape of an actor making bids for a child's attention was evaluated in 25 children with ASD aged 24–72 months. Children's attention to the actor during the dyadic bid condition measured via EGT was found to be strongly associated with five well?validated caregiver?reported outcome measures that are commonly used to assess social communication in clinical trials. These results highlight the convergent validity of EGT measures of social attention in relation to caregiver?reported clinical measures. EGT holds promise as a non?invasive, quantitative, and objective biomarker that is associated with social communication abilities in children with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 166–174. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Eye?gaze tracking (EGT), an automated tool that tracks eye?gaze patterns, might help measure outcomes in clinical trials investigating interventions to treat autism spectrum disorders. In this study, an EGT task was evaluated in children with ASD, who watched a video with an actor talking directly to them. Patterns of eye?gaze were associated with caregiver?reported measures of social communication that are used in clinical trials. We show EGT may be a promising objective tool measuring outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1894 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Validation of eye?tracking measures of social attention as a potential biomarker for autism clinical trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Samantha MAJOR, Auteur ; Katherine DAVLANTIS, Auteur ; Lauren FRANZ, Auteur ; Adrianne HARRIS, Auteur ; Benjamin RARDIN, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur . - p.166-174. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.166-174 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social communication impairments are a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and this class of symptoms is a target for treatments for the disorder. Measures of social attention, assessed via eye?gaze tracking (EGT), have been proposed as an early efficacy biomarker for clinical trials targeting social communication skills. EGT measures have been shown to differentiate children with ASD from typical children; however, there is less known about their relationships with social communication outcome measures that are typically used in ASD clinical trials. In the present study, an EGT task involving viewing a videotape of an actor making bids for a child's attention was evaluated in 25 children with ASD aged 24–72 months. Children's attention to the actor during the dyadic bid condition measured via EGT was found to be strongly associated with five well?validated caregiver?reported outcome measures that are commonly used to assess social communication in clinical trials. These results highlight the convergent validity of EGT measures of social attention in relation to caregiver?reported clinical measures. EGT holds promise as a non?invasive, quantitative, and objective biomarker that is associated with social communication abilities in children with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 166–174. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Eye?gaze tracking (EGT), an automated tool that tracks eye?gaze patterns, might help measure outcomes in clinical trials investigating interventions to treat autism spectrum disorders. In this study, an EGT task was evaluated in children with ASD, who watched a video with an actor talking directly to them. Patterns of eye?gaze were associated with caregiver?reported measures of social communication that are used in clinical trials. We show EGT may be a promising objective tool measuring outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1894 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection / Rebecca GRZADZINSKI in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.175-184 Titre : Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Donna WERLING, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.175-184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Literature indicates that some children with ASD may show behavioral improvements during fever; however, little is known about the behavioral profiles of these children. This study aims to (a) investigate the subset of children who show parent?reported behavioral improvements associated with fever and (b) compare the demographic, behavioral, and genetic characteristics of this subset of children to children whose parents report no change during fever. Parents of 2,152 children from the Simons Simplex Collection provided information about whether and in which areas their child improved during fever. Children were randomly assigned into discovery or replication samples. In discovery analyses, children who reportedly improved with fever (Improve Group) were compared to those who reportedly did not improve (No Improve Group) on demographics, medical history, ASD symptoms, adaptive skills, and presence of de novo ASD?associated mutations. Significant and marginal results from discovery analyses were tested in the replication sample. Parent reports of 17% of children indicated improvements during fever across a range of domains. Discovery and replication analyses revealed that the Improve Group had significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills (NVIQ) and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Groups did not differ on demographic variables, parent?report of current ASD symptoms or the presence of de novo mutations. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into innovative treatments for ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 175–184. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study explored characteristics of children with ASD who are reported to improve during fever. Parents of 17% of children with ASD report improvements across a range of domains during fever including cognition, communication, repetitive behaviors, social interaction, and behavior. Children who are reported to improve during fever have significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into new treatments for ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1856 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Children with autism spectrum disorder who improve with fever: Insights from the Simons Simplex Collection [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca GRZADZINSKI, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Donna WERLING, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur . - p.175-184. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.175-184 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Literature indicates that some children with ASD may show behavioral improvements during fever; however, little is known about the behavioral profiles of these children. This study aims to (a) investigate the subset of children who show parent?reported behavioral improvements associated with fever and (b) compare the demographic, behavioral, and genetic characteristics of this subset of children to children whose parents report no change during fever. Parents of 2,152 children from the Simons Simplex Collection provided information about whether and in which areas their child improved during fever. Children were randomly assigned into discovery or replication samples. In discovery analyses, children who reportedly improved with fever (Improve Group) were compared to those who reportedly did not improve (No Improve Group) on demographics, medical history, ASD symptoms, adaptive skills, and presence of de novo ASD?associated mutations. Significant and marginal results from discovery analyses were tested in the replication sample. Parent reports of 17% of children indicated improvements during fever across a range of domains. Discovery and replication analyses revealed that the Improve Group had significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills (NVIQ) and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Groups did not differ on demographic variables, parent?report of current ASD symptoms or the presence of de novo mutations. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into innovative treatments for ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 175–184. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study explored characteristics of children with ASD who are reported to improve during fever. Parents of 17% of children with ASD report improvements across a range of domains during fever including cognition, communication, repetitive behaviors, social interaction, and behavior. Children who are reported to improve during fever have significantly lower non?verbal cognitive skills and language levels and more repetitive behaviors. Understanding the profiles of children who improve during episodes of fever may provide insights into new treatments for ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1856 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

The prevalence of gluten free diet use among preschool children with autism spectrum disorder / Eric RUBENSTEIN in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.185-193 Titre : The prevalence of gluten free diet use among preschool children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eric RUBENSTEIN, Auteur ; Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; Chyrise BRADLEY, Auteur ; Carolyn G. DIGUISEPPI, Auteur ; Eric MOODY, Auteur ; Kathleen THOMAS, Auteur ; Julie L. DANIELS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.185-193 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our objective was to estimate prevalence of current or ever use of a gluten free diet (GFD) in children aged 30–68 months with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and population controls (POP); and to identify characteristics associated with ever having used GFD among children with ASD. We used data from the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED), a multi?site, case?control study of children with ASD. Caregivers reported GFD use by their children through structured questionnaires about diet patterns, gastrointestinal (GI) issues, and ASD?specific treatments. Prevalence was estimated and compared using log?Poisson regression, adjusting for confounders. In children with ASD, we examined whether child or mother's GI conditions or child's phenotypic traits were associated with ever trying a GFD. In SEED, 71 children with ASD (11.1% prevalence after adjustment) were on a GFD at time of the study and 130 (20.4%) had ever used a GFD, a greater percentage than in POP children (N?=?11, 0.9% current use). Of current users with ASD, 50.7% had a dietary intervention that was prescribed by a medical professional. Among children with ASD, child GI conditions and developmental regression were positively and independently associated with having ever used a GFD. Current use and ever use of a GFD were prevalent in children with ASD identified in SEED. GFD usage was associated with GI issues and child phenotype. Clinicians may consider advising parents on how best to use these diets in the context of the child's GI presentation and current scientific knowledge about effectiveness in relation to ASD symptoms. Autism Res 2018, 11: 185–193. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Gluten free diets (GFDs) are commonly used as an alternative therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the effectiveness is still uncertain which makes it important to know who tries this type of diet. We found that one in five preschool aged children with ASD had ever used a GFD. Children with gastrointestinal conditions and developmental regression were more likely to have tried a GFD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1896 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] The prevalence of gluten free diet use among preschool children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eric RUBENSTEIN, Auteur ; Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; Chyrise BRADLEY, Auteur ; Carolyn G. DIGUISEPPI, Auteur ; Eric MOODY, Auteur ; Kathleen THOMAS, Auteur ; Julie L. DANIELS, Auteur . - p.185-193. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.185-193 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our objective was to estimate prevalence of current or ever use of a gluten free diet (GFD) in children aged 30–68 months with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and population controls (POP); and to identify characteristics associated with ever having used GFD among children with ASD. We used data from the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED), a multi?site, case?control study of children with ASD. Caregivers reported GFD use by their children through structured questionnaires about diet patterns, gastrointestinal (GI) issues, and ASD?specific treatments. Prevalence was estimated and compared using log?Poisson regression, adjusting for confounders. In children with ASD, we examined whether child or mother's GI conditions or child's phenotypic traits were associated with ever trying a GFD. In SEED, 71 children with ASD (11.1% prevalence after adjustment) were on a GFD at time of the study and 130 (20.4%) had ever used a GFD, a greater percentage than in POP children (N?=?11, 0.9% current use). Of current users with ASD, 50.7% had a dietary intervention that was prescribed by a medical professional. Among children with ASD, child GI conditions and developmental regression were positively and independently associated with having ever used a GFD. Current use and ever use of a GFD were prevalent in children with ASD identified in SEED. GFD usage was associated with GI issues and child phenotype. Clinicians may consider advising parents on how best to use these diets in the context of the child's GI presentation and current scientific knowledge about effectiveness in relation to ASD symptoms. Autism Res 2018, 11: 185–193. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Gluten free diets (GFDs) are commonly used as an alternative therapy for autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the effectiveness is still uncertain which makes it important to know who tries this type of diet. We found that one in five preschool aged children with ASD had ever used a GFD. Children with gastrointestinal conditions and developmental regression were more likely to have tried a GFD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1896 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Disrupted integration of exteroceptive and interoceptive signaling in autism spectrum disorder / Jean?Paul NOEL in Autism Research, 11-1 (January 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.194-205 Titre : Disrupted integration of exteroceptive and interoceptive signaling in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jean?Paul NOEL, Auteur ; Marisa LYTLE, Auteur ; Carissa J. CASCIO, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.194-205 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In addition to deficits in social communication, individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit changes in sensory and multisensory function. Recent evidence has focused on changes in audiovisual temporal processing, and has sought to relate these sensory?based changes to weaknesses in social communication. These changes in audiovisual temporal function manifest as differences in the temporal epoch or “window” within which paired auditory and visual stimuli are integrated or bound, with those with ASD exhibiting expanded audiovisual temporal binding windows (TBWs). However, it is unknown whether this impairment is unique to audiovisual pairings, perhaps because of their relevance for speech processing, or whether it generalizes across pairings in different sensory modalities. In addition to the exteroceptive senses, there has been growing interest in ASD research in interoception (e.g., the monitoring of respiration, heartbeat, hunger, etc.), as these internally directed sensory processes appear to be altered as well in autism. In the current study, we sought to examine both exteroception and interoception in individuals with ASD and a group of typically developing (TD) matched controls, with an emphasis on temporal perception of audiovisual (exteroceptive) and cardiovisual (interoceptive to exteroceptive) cues. Results replicate prior findings showing expanded audiovisual TBWs in ASD in comparison to TD. In addition, strikingly, cardiovisual TBWs were fourfold larger in ASD than in TD, suggesting a putative complete lack of cardiovisual temporal acuity in ASD individuals. Results are discussed in light of recent evidence indicating a reduced tendency to rely on sensory priors in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 194–205. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Studies have shown that individuals with autism have difficulty in separating auditory and visual events in time. People with autism also weight sensory evidence originating from the external world and from their body differently. We measured simultaneity judgments regarding visual and auditory events and between visual and heartbeat events. Results suggest that while individuals with autism show unusual temporal function across the senses in a general manner, this deficit is greater when pairings bridged between the external world and the internal body. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1880 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Disrupted integration of exteroceptive and interoceptive signaling in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jean?Paul NOEL, Auteur ; Marisa LYTLE, Auteur ; Carissa J. CASCIO, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.194-205. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-1 (January 2018) . - p.194-205 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In addition to deficits in social communication, individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit changes in sensory and multisensory function. Recent evidence has focused on changes in audiovisual temporal processing, and has sought to relate these sensory?based changes to weaknesses in social communication. These changes in audiovisual temporal function manifest as differences in the temporal epoch or “window” within which paired auditory and visual stimuli are integrated or bound, with those with ASD exhibiting expanded audiovisual temporal binding windows (TBWs). However, it is unknown whether this impairment is unique to audiovisual pairings, perhaps because of their relevance for speech processing, or whether it generalizes across pairings in different sensory modalities. In addition to the exteroceptive senses, there has been growing interest in ASD research in interoception (e.g., the monitoring of respiration, heartbeat, hunger, etc.), as these internally directed sensory processes appear to be altered as well in autism. In the current study, we sought to examine both exteroception and interoception in individuals with ASD and a group of typically developing (TD) matched controls, with an emphasis on temporal perception of audiovisual (exteroceptive) and cardiovisual (interoceptive to exteroceptive) cues. Results replicate prior findings showing expanded audiovisual TBWs in ASD in comparison to TD. In addition, strikingly, cardiovisual TBWs were fourfold larger in ASD than in TD, suggesting a putative complete lack of cardiovisual temporal acuity in ASD individuals. Results are discussed in light of recent evidence indicating a reduced tendency to rely on sensory priors in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 194–205. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Studies have shown that individuals with autism have difficulty in separating auditory and visual events in time. People with autism also weight sensory evidence originating from the external world and from their body differently. We measured simultaneity judgments regarding visual and auditory events and between visual and heartbeat events. Results suggest that while individuals with autism show unusual temporal function across the senses in a general manner, this deficit is greater when pairings bridged between the external world and the internal body. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1880 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334