Emotional decision-making in autism spectrum disorder: the roles of interoception and alexithymia / P. SHAH in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 43p. Titre : Emotional decision-making in autism spectrum disorder: the roles of interoception and alexithymia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. SHAH, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur Article en page(s) : 43p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/physiopathology/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Case-Control Studies  Decision Making  Female  Frustration  Happiness  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Interoception/physiology  Male  Alexithymia  Autism  Decision-making  Emotion  Framing effect  Insula  Interoception  Replication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way choices are framed influences decision-making. These "framing effects" emerge through the integration of emotional responses into decision-making under uncertainty. It was previously reported that susceptibility to the framing effect was reduced in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to a reduced tendency to incorporate emotional information into the decision-making process. However, recent research indicates that, where observed, emotional processing impairments in ASD may be due to co-occurring alexithymia. Alexithymia is thought to arise due to impaired interoception (the ability to perceive the internal state of one's body), raising the possibility that emotional signals are not perceived and thus not integrated into decision-making in those with alexithymia and that therefore reduced framing effects in ASD are a product of co-occurring alexithymia rather than ASD per se. Accordingly, the present study compared framing effects in autistic individuals with neurotypical controls matched for alexithymia. Results showed a marked deviation between groups. The framing effect was, in line with previous data, significantly smaller in autistic individuals, and there was no relationship between alexithymia or interoception and decision-making in the ASD group. In the neurotypical group, however, the size of the framing effect was associated with alexithymia and interoception, even after controlling for autistic traits. These results demonstrate that although framing effects are associated with interoception and alexithymia in the neurotypical population, emotional and interoceptive signals have less impact upon the decision-making process in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0104-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329 [article] Emotional decision-making in autism spectrum disorder: the roles of interoception and alexithymia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. SHAH, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur . - 43p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 43p. Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/physiopathology/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Case-Control Studies  Decision Making  Female  Frustration  Happiness  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Interoception/physiology  Male  Alexithymia  Autism  Decision-making  Emotion  Framing effect  Insula  Interoception  Replication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way choices are framed influences decision-making. These "framing effects" emerge through the integration of emotional responses into decision-making under uncertainty. It was previously reported that susceptibility to the framing effect was reduced in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to a reduced tendency to incorporate emotional information into the decision-making process. However, recent research indicates that, where observed, emotional processing impairments in ASD may be due to co-occurring alexithymia. Alexithymia is thought to arise due to impaired interoception (the ability to perceive the internal state of one's body), raising the possibility that emotional signals are not perceived and thus not integrated into decision-making in those with alexithymia and that therefore reduced framing effects in ASD are a product of co-occurring alexithymia rather than ASD per se. Accordingly, the present study compared framing effects in autistic individuals with neurotypical controls matched for alexithymia. Results showed a marked deviation between groups. The framing effect was, in line with previous data, significantly smaller in autistic individuals, and there was no relationship between alexithymia or interoception and decision-making in the ASD group. In the neurotypical group, however, the size of the framing effect was associated with alexithymia and interoception, even after controlling for autistic traits. These results demonstrate that although framing effects are associated with interoception and alexithymia in the neurotypical population, emotional and interoceptive signals have less impact upon the decision-making process in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0104-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329

Further developing the Frith-Happé animations: A quicker, more objective, and web-based test of theory of mind for autistic and neurotypical adults / L. A. LIVINGSTON in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1905-1912 Titre : Further developing the Frith-Happé animations: A quicker, more objective, and web-based test of theory of mind for autistic and neurotypical adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur ; S. J. WHITE, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1905-1912 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Internet  Theory of Mind  Frith-Happé animations  mentalising  triangles test  web-based research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Frith-Happé Animations Test, depicting interactions between triangles, is widely used to measure theory of mind (ToM) ability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This test began with recording, transcribing, and subjectively scoring participants' verbal descriptions, which consistently found ToM-specific difficulties in ASD. More recently in 2011, White et al. created a more objective version of this ToM test using multiple-choice questions. However, there has been surprisingly little uptake of this test, hence it is currently unclear if White et al.'s findings replicate. Further, the lack of an online version of the test may be hampering its use in large-scale studies and outside of research settings. Addressing these issues, we report the development of a web-based version of the Frith-Happé Animations Test for autistic and neurotypical adults. An online version of the test was developed in a large general population sample (study 1; N = 285) and online data were compared with those collected in a lab-based setting (study 2; N = 339). The new online test was then administered to adults with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and matched neurotypical controls (study 3; N = 231). Results demonstrated that the test could successfully be administered online to autistic adults, who showed ToM difficulties compared to neurotypical adults, replicating White et al.'s findings. Overall, we have developed a quicker, more objective, and web-based version of the Frith-Happé Animations Test that will be useful for social cognition research within and beyond the field of autism, with potential utility for clinical settings. LAY SUMMARY: Many autistic people find it hard to understand what other people are thinking. There are many tests for this 'mentalising' ability, but they often take a long time to complete and cannot be used outside of research settings. In 2011, scientists used short silent animations of moving shapes to create a fast way to measure mentalising ability. We developed this into an online test to use in research and clinics to measure mentalising ability in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2575 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Further developing the Frith-Happé animations: A quicker, more objective, and web-based test of theory of mind for autistic and neurotypical adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur ; S. J. WHITE, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1905-1912. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.1905-1912 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Internet  Theory of Mind  Frith-Happé animations  mentalising  triangles test  web-based research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Frith-Happé Animations Test, depicting interactions between triangles, is widely used to measure theory of mind (ToM) ability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This test began with recording, transcribing, and subjectively scoring participants' verbal descriptions, which consistently found ToM-specific difficulties in ASD. More recently in 2011, White et al. created a more objective version of this ToM test using multiple-choice questions. However, there has been surprisingly little uptake of this test, hence it is currently unclear if White et al.'s findings replicate. Further, the lack of an online version of the test may be hampering its use in large-scale studies and outside of research settings. Addressing these issues, we report the development of a web-based version of the Frith-Happé Animations Test for autistic and neurotypical adults. An online version of the test was developed in a large general population sample (study 1; N = 285) and online data were compared with those collected in a lab-based setting (study 2; N = 339). The new online test was then administered to adults with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and matched neurotypical controls (study 3; N = 231). Results demonstrated that the test could successfully be administered online to autistic adults, who showed ToM difficulties compared to neurotypical adults, replicating White et al.'s findings. Overall, we have developed a quicker, more objective, and web-based version of the Frith-Happé Animations Test that will be useful for social cognition research within and beyond the field of autism, with potential utility for clinical settings. LAY SUMMARY: Many autistic people find it hard to understand what other people are thinking. There are many tests for this 'mentalising' ability, but they often take a long time to complete and cannot be used outside of research settings. In 2011, scientists used short silent animations of moving shapes to create a fast way to measure mentalising ability. We developed this into an online test to use in research and clinics to measure mentalising ability in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2575 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

A Longitudinal Study of Parent Gestures, Infant Responsiveness, and Vocabulary Development in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / B. CHOI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.3946-3958 Titre : A Longitudinal Study of Parent Gestures, Infant Responsiveness, and Vocabulary Development in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. CHOI, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur ; M. L. ROWE, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3946-3958 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Child, Preschool  Gestures  Humans  Infant  Longitudinal Studies  Parents  Vocabulary  Autism spectrum disorder  High-risk infant siblings  Infant responsiveness  Parent gesture  Vocabulary development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated gestures that parents used with 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old infants at high or low risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD; high-risk diagnosed with ASD: n?=?21; high-risk classified as no ASD: n?=?34; low-risk classified as no ASD: n?=?34). We also examined infant responses to parent gestures and assessed the extent to which parent gesture relates to vocabulary development. Parents of three groups gestured in similar frequencies and proportions. Infants, in turn, responded similarly to parent gestures regardless of the infant's ASD risk and later diagnosis. Finally, parents who gestured more at 12 months had children with better vocabulary at 36 months than parents who gestured less. These findings highlight the importance of examining parent gestures when predicting language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04855-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 [article] A Longitudinal Study of Parent Gestures, Infant Responsiveness, and Vocabulary Development in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. CHOI, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur ; M. L. ROWE, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur . - p.3946-3958. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-11 (November 2021) . - p.3946-3958 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Child, Preschool  Gestures  Humans  Infant  Longitudinal Studies  Parents  Vocabulary  Autism spectrum disorder  High-risk infant siblings  Infant responsiveness  Parent gesture  Vocabulary development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated gestures that parents used with 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old infants at high or low risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD; high-risk diagnosed with ASD: n?=?21; high-risk classified as no ASD: n?=?34; low-risk classified as no ASD: n?=?34). We also examined infant responses to parent gestures and assessed the extent to which parent gesture relates to vocabulary development. Parents of three groups gestured in similar frequencies and proportions. Infants, in turn, responded similarly to parent gestures regardless of the infant's ASD risk and later diagnosis. Finally, parents who gestured more at 12 months had children with better vocabulary at 36 months than parents who gestured less. These findings highlight the importance of examining parent gestures when predicting language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04855-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454

Recent Advances and New Directions in Measuring Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults / L. A. LIVINGSTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-4 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1738-1744 Titre : Recent Advances and New Directions in Measuring Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; B. CARR, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1738-1744 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Mentalising  Mindreading  Social cognition  Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'Theory of Mind' (ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states to others to make sense of their behaviour. ToM research has informed understanding of (a)typical social behaviour, including the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This began with research on ToM in autistic children and there has been a noticeable increase in the study of ToM in autistic adults. However, methodological limitations in adult ToM research may be limiting its explanatory power of ASD symptoms and their management, therefore we discuss recent advances in measuring ToM aimed at addressing these issues. We also examine previously overlooked approaches and propose several new directions that have potential to improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and clinical utility of ToM measurement in autistic adulthood. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3823-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388 [article] Recent Advances and New Directions in Measuring Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; B. CARR, Auteur ; P. SHAH, Auteur . - p.1738-1744. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1738-1744 Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Mentalising  Mindreading  Social cognition  Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'Theory of Mind' (ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states to others to make sense of their behaviour. ToM research has informed understanding of (a)typical social behaviour, including the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This began with research on ToM in autistic children and there has been a noticeable increase in the study of ToM in autistic adults. However, methodological limitations in adult ToM research may be limiting its explanatory power of ASD symptoms and their management, therefore we discuss recent advances in measuring ToM aimed at addressing these issues. We also examine previously overlooked approaches and propose several new directions that have potential to improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and clinical utility of ToM measurement in autistic adulthood. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3823-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388

Trait Autism is a Better Predictor of Empathy than Alexithymia / P. SHAH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-10 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.3956-3964 Titre : Trait Autism is a Better Predictor of Empathy than Alexithymia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. SHAH, Auteur ; L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; Mitchell J. CALLAN, Auteur ; L. PLAYER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3956-3964 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affective empathy  Alexithymia  Autism  Cognitive empathy  Empathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been proposed that atypical empathy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is due to co-occurring alexithymia. However, difficulties measuring empathy and statistical issues in previous research raise questions about the role of alexithymia in empathic processing in ASD. Addressing these issues, we compared the associations of trait alexithymia and autism with empathy in large samples from the general population. Multiple regression analyses showed that both trait autism and alexithymia were uniquely associated with atypical empathy, but dominance analysis found that trait autism, compared to alexithymia, was a more important predictor of atypical cognitive, affective, and overall empathy. Together, these findings indicate that atypical empathy in ASD is not simply due to co-occurring alexithymia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04080-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 [article] Trait Autism is a Better Predictor of Empathy than Alexithymia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. SHAH, Auteur ; L. A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; Mitchell J. CALLAN, Auteur ; L. PLAYER, Auteur . - p.3956-3964. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-10 (October 2019) . - p.3956-3964 Mots-clés : Affective empathy  Alexithymia  Autism  Cognitive empathy  Empathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been proposed that atypical empathy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is due to co-occurring alexithymia. However, difficulties measuring empathy and statistical issues in previous research raise questions about the role of alexithymia in empathic processing in ASD. Addressing these issues, we compared the associations of trait alexithymia and autism with empathy in large samples from the general population. Multiple regression analyses showed that both trait autism and alexithymia were uniquely associated with atypical empathy, but dominance analysis found that trait autism, compared to alexithymia, was a more important predictor of atypical cognitive, affective, and overall empathy. Together, these findings indicate that atypical empathy in ASD is not simply due to co-occurring alexithymia. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04080-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406

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