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Are Mental Health, Family and Childhood Adversity, Substance Use and Conduct Problems Risk Factors for Offending in Autism? / K. L. PAYNE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)
[article]
Titre : Are Mental Health, Family and Childhood Adversity, Substance Use and Conduct Problems Risk Factors for Offending in Autism? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. L. PAYNE, Auteur ; K. L. MARAS, Auteur ; A. J. RUSSELL, Auteur ; M. J. BROSNAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2057-2067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Autistic Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Criminals/psychology Family Health Female Humans Male Mental Health Pregnancy Problem Behavior Risk Factors Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology/psychology Autism spectrum disorder Conduct problems Crime Family and childhood adversity Offending Substance use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mental health difficulties, family and childhood adversity factors, substance use and conduct problems have all been linked to offending behaviour in the general population. However, no large-scale study with comparison groups has investigated these risk factors in relation to autistic offenders. The current research included 40 autistic offenders, 40 autistic non-offenders, 40 typically developed (TD) offenders and 39 TD non-offenders. Conduct problems risk factors differentiated autistic offenders from both non-offender groups (autistic and TD) and mental health risk factors differentiated autistic offenders from both TD groups (offenders and non-offenders). Further research is required to understand more about the role of both conduct problems risk factors in autistic offenders (e.g., age at onset, frequency of behaviours) and the mental health needs of autistic offenders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04622-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2057-2067[article] Are Mental Health, Family and Childhood Adversity, Substance Use and Conduct Problems Risk Factors for Offending in Autism? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. L. PAYNE, Auteur ; K. L. MARAS, Auteur ; A. J. RUSSELL, Auteur ; M. J. BROSNAN, Auteur . - p.2057-2067.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2057-2067
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Autistic Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Criminals/psychology Family Health Female Humans Male Mental Health Pregnancy Problem Behavior Risk Factors Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology/psychology Autism spectrum disorder Conduct problems Crime Family and childhood adversity Offending Substance use Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mental health difficulties, family and childhood adversity factors, substance use and conduct problems have all been linked to offending behaviour in the general population. However, no large-scale study with comparison groups has investigated these risk factors in relation to autistic offenders. The current research included 40 autistic offenders, 40 autistic non-offenders, 40 typically developed (TD) offenders and 39 TD non-offenders. Conduct problems risk factors differentiated autistic offenders from both non-offender groups (autistic and TD) and mental health risk factors differentiated autistic offenders from both TD groups (offenders and non-offenders). Further research is required to understand more about the role of both conduct problems risk factors in autistic offenders (e.g., age at onset, frequency of behaviours) and the mental health needs of autistic offenders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04622-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 Exploring the health of families with a child with autism / Sarah L. SMITH in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)
[article]
Titre : Exploring the health of families with a child with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah L. SMITH, Auteur ; Hannah B. MCQUADE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1203-1215 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Fathers Female Grandparents Humans Male Parents autism spectrum disorders family functioning and support family health qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families are important for the overall growth and development of a child. The health of a family is foundational to the everyday life in which a child and family can blossom. Families with a child with autism have a family life that has challenges for many reasons including that parents can be stressed from trying to figure out how to be a good parent for their child with autism. We wanted to know two things: (1) what is family health for families of a child with autism and (2) what affects families trying to be their healthiest. We wanted to know the answers to these questions from families themselves, including parents (not just moms), children, and children with autism, because they are the best experts. We talked to 16 families including 16 mothers, 8 fathers, and 32 children (18 with autism). Families shared that being a healthy family was a journey with ups and downs and that families were not always perfect. It helped when families knew about themselves as a family such as knowing what they liked and did not like to do, and knowing what the different people in the family needed. Families said that what helped and influenced their family's health was being together, keeping their days not too busy, stress, autism itself, having helpers like friends, grandparents, therapists, and having money to pay for services. We hope that knowing these answers will guide service providers of people with autism to think about healthy families from a holistic perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320986354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475
in Autism > 25-5 (July 2021) . - p.1203-1215[article] Exploring the health of families with a child with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah L. SMITH, Auteur ; Hannah B. MCQUADE, Auteur . - p.1203-1215.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 25-5 (July 2021) . - p.1203-1215
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Fathers Female Grandparents Humans Male Parents autism spectrum disorders family functioning and support family health qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families are important for the overall growth and development of a child. The health of a family is foundational to the everyday life in which a child and family can blossom. Families with a child with autism have a family life that has challenges for many reasons including that parents can be stressed from trying to figure out how to be a good parent for their child with autism. We wanted to know two things: (1) what is family health for families of a child with autism and (2) what affects families trying to be their healthiest. We wanted to know the answers to these questions from families themselves, including parents (not just moms), children, and children with autism, because they are the best experts. We talked to 16 families including 16 mothers, 8 fathers, and 32 children (18 with autism). Families shared that being a healthy family was a journey with ups and downs and that families were not always perfect. It helped when families knew about themselves as a family such as knowing what they liked and did not like to do, and knowing what the different people in the family needed. Families said that what helped and influenced their family's health was being together, keeping their days not too busy, stress, autism itself, having helpers like friends, grandparents, therapists, and having money to pay for services. We hope that knowing these answers will guide service providers of people with autism to think about healthy families from a holistic perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320986354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 Exploring the health of families with a child with autism / Sarah L. SMITH in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)
[article]
Titre : Exploring the health of families with a child with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah L. SMITH, Auteur ; Hannah B. MCQUADE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1203-1215 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Fathers Female Grandparents Humans Male Parents autism spectrum disorders family functioning and support family health qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families are important for the overall growth and development of a child. The health of a family is foundational to the everyday life in which a child and family can blossom. Families with a child with autism have a family life that has challenges for many reasons including that parents can be stressed from trying to figure out how to be a good parent for their child with autism. We wanted to know two things: (1) what is family health for families of a child with autism and (2) what affects families trying to be their healthiest. We wanted to know the answers to these questions from families themselves, including parents (not just moms), children, and children with autism, because they are the best experts. We talked to 16 families including 16 mothers, 8 fathers, and 32 children (18 with autism). Families shared that being a healthy family was a journey with ups and downs and that families were not always perfect. It helped when families knew about themselves as a family such as knowing what they liked and did not like to do, and knowing what the different people in the family needed. Families said that what helped and influenced their family's health was being together, keeping their days not too busy, stress, autism itself, having helpers like friends, grandparents, therapists, and having money to pay for services. We hope that knowing these answers will guide service providers of people with autism to think about healthy families from a holistic perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320986354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483
in Autism > 26-5 (July 2022) . - p.1203-1215[article] Exploring the health of families with a child with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah L. SMITH, Auteur ; Hannah B. MCQUADE, Auteur . - p.1203-1215.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 26-5 (July 2022) . - p.1203-1215
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Child Fathers Female Grandparents Humans Male Parents autism spectrum disorders family functioning and support family health qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Families are important for the overall growth and development of a child. The health of a family is foundational to the everyday life in which a child and family can blossom. Families with a child with autism have a family life that has challenges for many reasons including that parents can be stressed from trying to figure out how to be a good parent for their child with autism. We wanted to know two things: (1) what is family health for families of a child with autism and (2) what affects families trying to be their healthiest. We wanted to know the answers to these questions from families themselves, including parents (not just moms), children, and children with autism, because they are the best experts. We talked to 16 families including 16 mothers, 8 fathers, and 32 children (18 with autism). Families shared that being a healthy family was a journey with ups and downs and that families were not always perfect. It helped when families knew about themselves as a family such as knowing what they liked and did not like to do, and knowing what the different people in the family needed. Families said that what helped and influenced their family's health was being together, keeping their days not too busy, stress, autism itself, having helpers like friends, grandparents, therapists, and having money to pay for services. We hope that knowing these answers will guide service providers of people with autism to think about healthy families from a holistic perspective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320986354 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483 Increased expression of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta underlies elevated S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in an individual with autism from a multiplex family / A. C. POOPAL in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Increased expression of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta underlies elevated S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in an individual with autism from a multiplex family Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. C. POOPAL, Auteur ; L. M. SCHROEDER, Auteur ; P. S. HORN, Auteur ; Gary J. BASSELL, Auteur ; C. GROSS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adenine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology Autistic Disorder/enzymology/genetics/pathology Biomarkers Cell Line Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis/genetics/physiology Diseases in Twins Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Family Health Female Humans Lymphocytes/enzymology Male Molecular Targeted Therapy Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism Phosphorylation Protein Processing, Post-Translational Quinazolines/pharmacology Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/metabolism Signal Transduction/genetics TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology Autism Biomarker Ic87114 PI3K/mTOR signaling S6 phosphorylation p110delta Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Dysfunctions in the PI3K/mTOR pathway have gained a lot of attention in autism research. This was initially based on the discovery of several monogenic autism spectrum disorders with mutations or defects in PI3K/mTOR signaling components. Recent genetic studies corroborate that defective PI3K/mTOR signaling might be a shared pathomechanism in autism disorders of so far unknown etiology, but functional molecular analyses in human cells are rare. The goals of this study were to perform a functional screen of cell lines from patients with idiopathic autism for defects in PI3K/mTOR signaling, to test if further functional analyses are suitable to detect underlying molecular mechanisms, and to evaluate this approach as a biomarker tool to identify therapeutic targets. METHODS: We performed phospho-S6- and S6-specific ELISA experiments on 21 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the AGRE collection and on 37 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the Simons Simplex Collection and their healthy siblings. Cell lines from one individual with increased S6 phosphorylation and his multiplex family were analyzed in further detail to identify upstream defects in PI3K signaling associated with autism diagnosis. RESULTS: We detected significantly increased S6 phosphorylation in 3 of the 21 lymphoblastoid cell lines from AGRE compared to a healthy control and in 1 of the 37 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the Simons Simplex Collection compared to the healthy sibling. Further analysis of cells from one individual with elevated S6 phosphorylation showed increased expression of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta, which was also observed in lymphoblastoid cells from other autistic siblings but not unaffected members in his multiplex family. The p110delta-selective inhibitor IC87114 reduced elevated S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in this cell line. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that functional analysis of PI3K/mTOR signaling is a biomarker tool to identify disease-associated molecular defects that could serve as therapeutic targets in autism. Using this approach, we discovered impaired signaling and protein synthesis through the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta as an underlying molecular defect and potential treatment target in select autism spectrum disorders. Increased p110delta activity was recently associated with schizophrenia, and our results suggest that p110delta may also be implicated in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0066-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 3p.[article] Increased expression of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta underlies elevated S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in an individual with autism from a multiplex family [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. C. POOPAL, Auteur ; L. M. SCHROEDER, Auteur ; P. S. HORN, Auteur ; Gary J. BASSELL, Auteur ; C. GROSS, Auteur . - 3p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 3p.
Mots-clés : Adenine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology Autistic Disorder/enzymology/genetics/pathology Biomarkers Cell Line Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis/genetics/physiology Diseases in Twins Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Family Health Female Humans Lymphocytes/enzymology Male Molecular Targeted Therapy Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism Phosphorylation Protein Processing, Post-Translational Quinazolines/pharmacology Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/metabolism Signal Transduction/genetics TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology Autism Biomarker Ic87114 PI3K/mTOR signaling S6 phosphorylation p110delta Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Dysfunctions in the PI3K/mTOR pathway have gained a lot of attention in autism research. This was initially based on the discovery of several monogenic autism spectrum disorders with mutations or defects in PI3K/mTOR signaling components. Recent genetic studies corroborate that defective PI3K/mTOR signaling might be a shared pathomechanism in autism disorders of so far unknown etiology, but functional molecular analyses in human cells are rare. The goals of this study were to perform a functional screen of cell lines from patients with idiopathic autism for defects in PI3K/mTOR signaling, to test if further functional analyses are suitable to detect underlying molecular mechanisms, and to evaluate this approach as a biomarker tool to identify therapeutic targets. METHODS: We performed phospho-S6- and S6-specific ELISA experiments on 21 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the AGRE collection and on 37 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the Simons Simplex Collection and their healthy siblings. Cell lines from one individual with increased S6 phosphorylation and his multiplex family were analyzed in further detail to identify upstream defects in PI3K signaling associated with autism diagnosis. RESULTS: We detected significantly increased S6 phosphorylation in 3 of the 21 lymphoblastoid cell lines from AGRE compared to a healthy control and in 1 of the 37 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the Simons Simplex Collection compared to the healthy sibling. Further analysis of cells from one individual with elevated S6 phosphorylation showed increased expression of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta, which was also observed in lymphoblastoid cells from other autistic siblings but not unaffected members in his multiplex family. The p110delta-selective inhibitor IC87114 reduced elevated S6 phosphorylation and protein synthesis in this cell line. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that functional analysis of PI3K/mTOR signaling is a biomarker tool to identify disease-associated molecular defects that could serve as therapeutic targets in autism. Using this approach, we discovered impaired signaling and protein synthesis through the PI3K catalytic subunit p110delta as an underlying molecular defect and potential treatment target in select autism spectrum disorders. Increased p110delta activity was recently associated with schizophrenia, and our results suggest that p110delta may also be implicated in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0066-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329 Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study / E. THORUP in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)
[article]
Titre : Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 12p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology Cues Early Diagnosis Eye Movements Family Health Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Head Movements Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Infant Male Pursuit, Smooth/physiology Risk Single-Blind Method Social Behavior Social Perception Autism Communication Early development Gaze following Joint attention Neurodevelopmental disorders Social cognition Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p.[article] Altered gaze following during live interaction in infants at risk for autism: an eye tracking study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. THORUP, Auteur ; P. NYSTROM, Auteur ; G. GREDEBACK, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; T. FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - 12p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 12p.
Mots-clés : Attention/physiology Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology Cues Early Diagnosis Eye Movements Family Health Female Fixation, Ocular/physiology Head Movements Humans Imitative Behavior/physiology Infant Male Pursuit, Smooth/physiology Risk Single-Blind Method Social Behavior Social Perception Autism Communication Early development Gaze following Joint attention Neurodevelopmental disorders Social cognition Younger siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to follow gaze is an important prerequisite for joint attention, which is often compromised in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The direction of both the head and eyes provides cues to other people's attention direction, but previous studies have not separated these factors and their relation to ASD susceptibility. Development of gaze following typically occurs before ASD diagnosis is possible, and studies of high-risk populations are therefore important. METHODS: Eye tracking was used to assess gaze following during interaction in a group of 10-month-old infants at high familial risk for ASD (high-risk group) as well as a group of infants with no family history of ASD (low-risk group). The infants watched an experimenter gaze at objects in the periphery. Performance was compared across two conditions: one in which the experimenter moved both the eyes and head toward the objects (Eyes and Head condition) and one that involved movement of the eyes only (Eyes Only condition). RESULTS: A group by condition interaction effect was found. Specifically, whereas gaze following accuracy was comparable across the two conditions in the low-risk group, infants in the high-risk group were more likely to follow gaze in the Eyes and Head condition than in the Eyes Only condition. CONCLUSIONS: In an ecologically valid social situation, responses to basic non-verbal orienting cues were found to be altered in infants at risk for ASD. The results indicate that infants at risk for ASD may rely disproportionally on information from the head when following gaze and point to the importance of separating information from the eyes and the head when studying social perception in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0069-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=329