Dépouillements

Children with autism spectrum disorder spontaneously use scene knowledge to modulate visual object processing / Lien VAN EYLEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.913-922 Titre : Children with autism spectrum disorder spontaneously use scene knowledge to modulate visual object processing Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lien VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Peter DE GRAEF, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur ; Ilse L.J. NOENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.913-922 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Weak central coherence  Context effects  Scene perception  Eye-movements Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several studies have investigated contextual influences on visual object processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and failed to find reduced context effects. However, these studies did not properly account for local inter-object effects and/or the influence of post-perceptual processes, leaving it unclear whether individuals with ASD display equally large global top-down effects of context, or whether they rely on a more local mechanism producing the same result. In this study, an eye-movement paradigm was used to investigate implicitly induced context effects on visual object processing in children with ASD compared to matched controls. To find out whether the context effects in the ASD group were, to the same extent, due to early top-down influences on object recognition, we also examined the interaction between context effects and the ease of object recognition. Both groups displayed equally large context effects and congruent contextual information facilitated object recognition to the same extent in both groups. This indicates that the context effects in the ASD group did not result from the operation of a more local, less top-down mechanism. These findings contradict predictions based on the weak central coherence account. However, a good alternative to explain all inconsistencies is currently lacking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] Children with autism spectrum disorder spontaneously use scene knowledge to modulate visual object processing [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lien VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Peter DE GRAEF, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur ; Ilse L.J. NOENS, Auteur . - p.913-922. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.913-922 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Weak central coherence  Context effects  Scene perception  Eye-movements Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several studies have investigated contextual influences on visual object processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and failed to find reduced context effects. However, these studies did not properly account for local inter-object effects and/or the influence of post-perceptual processes, leaving it unclear whether individuals with ASD display equally large global top-down effects of context, or whether they rely on a more local mechanism producing the same result. In this study, an eye-movement paradigm was used to investigate implicitly induced context effects on visual object processing in children with ASD compared to matched controls. To find out whether the context effects in the ASD group were, to the same extent, due to early top-down influences on object recognition, we also examined the interaction between context effects and the ease of object recognition. Both groups displayed equally large context effects and congruent contextual information facilitated object recognition to the same extent in both groups. This indicates that the context effects in the ASD group did not result from the operation of a more local, less top-down mechanism. These findings contradict predictions based on the weak central coherence account. However, a good alternative to explain all inconsistencies is currently lacking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

Atypical recognition of dynamic changes in facial expressions in autism spectrum disorders / Wataru SATO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.906-912 Titre : Atypical recognition of dynamic changes in facial expressions in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Wataru SATO, Auteur ; Shota UONO, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.906-912 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)  Dynamic facial expressions  Naturalness  Speed Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have suggested that the processing of dynamic facial expressions is impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the specific component that is impaired in the processing of dynamic facial expressions has not been identified. We investigated the recognition of dynamic changes in facial expressions among individuals with ASD and age- and sex-matched typically developing controls. Morphing animations of facial expressions of six emotions were presented at four different changing speeds, and participants rated the naturalness of the expression changes. The correspondence between reduced speeds and decreased naturalness ratings was weaker in the ASD than in the control group. These results suggest that the atypical visual analysis of dynamic changes in facial expressions underlies the impairment in real-life social interaction among individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] Atypical recognition of dynamic changes in facial expressions in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Wataru SATO, Auteur ; Shota UONO, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur . - p.906-912. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.906-912 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)  Dynamic facial expressions  Naturalness  Speed Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have suggested that the processing of dynamic facial expressions is impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the specific component that is impaired in the processing of dynamic facial expressions has not been identified. We investigated the recognition of dynamic changes in facial expressions among individuals with ASD and age- and sex-matched typically developing controls. Morphing animations of facial expressions of six emotions were presented at four different changing speeds, and participants rated the naturalness of the expression changes. The correspondence between reduced speeds and decreased naturalness ratings was weaker in the ASD than in the control group. These results suggest that the atypical visual analysis of dynamic changes in facial expressions underlies the impairment in real-life social interaction among individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.04.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

Recognizing syntactic errors in Chinese and English sentences: Brain electrical activity in Asperger's syndrome / Arthur C. TSAI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.889-905 Titre : Recognizing syntactic errors in Chinese and English sentences: Brain electrical activity in Asperger's syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Arthur C. TSAI, Auteur ; Alexander N. SAVOSTYANOV, Auteur ; Alan WU, Auteur ; Jonathan P. EVANS, Auteur ; Vincent S. C. CHIEN, Auteur ; Han Hsuan YANG, Auteur ; Dong-Yu YANG, Auteur ; Michelle LIOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.889-905 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Speech recognition  EEG  Event-related potentials (ERPs)  Event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigates electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillatory activity in the brain for bilingual participants with Asperger's syndrome (AS) and bilingual healthy control participants during visual recognition of syntactic errors in traditional Mandarin Chinese (native) and English (foreign) sentences. Reading performance is similar for the two groups in both languages. While reading Mandarin Chinese, the control group showed a left-hemispheric specialization within the 400–600 ms interval in delta synchronization. However, delta synchronizations were widely distributed in all scalp regions and lasted longer than 600 ms in the AS group. One possible interpretation of our data is the hypothesis that the AS group has more difficulty in brain organization of semantic and syntactic processes than the control group when reading their native language, because Chinese syntactic structure requires more work to be done by the perceiver. Nevertheless, other brain mechanisms (e.g., top-down regulation), can partially compensate for this difficulty, allowing AS subjects to attain the same level of response activity as the controls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.02.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] Recognizing syntactic errors in Chinese and English sentences: Brain electrical activity in Asperger's syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Arthur C. TSAI, Auteur ; Alexander N. SAVOSTYANOV, Auteur ; Alan WU, Auteur ; Jonathan P. EVANS, Auteur ; Vincent S. C. CHIEN, Auteur ; Han Hsuan YANG, Auteur ; Dong-Yu YANG, Auteur ; Michelle LIOU, Auteur . - p.889-905. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.889-905 Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  Speech recognition  EEG  Event-related potentials (ERPs)  Event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigates electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillatory activity in the brain for bilingual participants with Asperger's syndrome (AS) and bilingual healthy control participants during visual recognition of syntactic errors in traditional Mandarin Chinese (native) and English (foreign) sentences. Reading performance is similar for the two groups in both languages. While reading Mandarin Chinese, the control group showed a left-hemispheric specialization within the 400–600 ms interval in delta synchronization. However, delta synchronizations were widely distributed in all scalp regions and lasted longer than 600 ms in the AS group. One possible interpretation of our data is the hypothesis that the AS group has more difficulty in brain organization of semantic and syntactic processes than the control group when reading their native language, because Chinese syntactic structure requires more work to be done by the perceiver. Nevertheless, other brain mechanisms (e.g., top-down regulation), can partially compensate for this difficulty, allowing AS subjects to attain the same level of response activity as the controls. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.02.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

The contribution of sensory–regulatory markers to the accuracy of ASD screening at 12 months / Ayelet BEN-SASSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.879-888 Titre : The contribution of sensory–regulatory markers to the accuracy of ASD screening at 12 months Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ayelet BEN-SASSON, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.879-888 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Screening  Infants  ASD  Sensory–regulatory  Social–communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Screening tools for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) focus primarily on identifying early-emerging social–communication markers. This study's objective was to examine the predictive validity of the First Year Inventory (FYI) risk cutoffs, including the sensory–regulatory domain. Parents of 613 12-month infants completed the FYI, an ASD screening questionnaire. Norm-based FYI risk criteria with and without the sensory–regulatory domain were evaluated. Infants at social–communication risk (n = 10), at social–communication and sensory–regulatory risk (n = 19), and a subset of infants at no risk (n = 60) were followed at 13 and 30 months. Children were referred for further evaluation as needed. The FYI identified 60% of those with ASD, and 87.5% of those with other types of developmental problems at 30 months within the followed sample. Applying the FYI dual risk criteria led to higher specificity relative to mean risk and social risk alone. Infants with dual risk had the highest rate of persisting referral for evaluation. Infants with dual risk and those with only social risk had lower developmental scores particularly in the social–communication domain compared to those with no risk. Including sensory–regulatory markers in screening for ASD leads to the identification of children with persisting and pervasive clinical needs and reduces false positive rates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] The contribution of sensory–regulatory markers to the accuracy of ASD screening at 12 months [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ayelet BEN-SASSON, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur . - p.879-888. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.879-888 Mots-clés : Autism  Screening  Infants  ASD  Sensory–regulatory  Social–communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Screening tools for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) focus primarily on identifying early-emerging social–communication markers. This study's objective was to examine the predictive validity of the First Year Inventory (FYI) risk cutoffs, including the sensory–regulatory domain. Parents of 613 12-month infants completed the FYI, an ASD screening questionnaire. Norm-based FYI risk criteria with and without the sensory–regulatory domain were evaluated. Infants at social–communication risk (n = 10), at social–communication and sensory–regulatory risk (n = 19), and a subset of infants at no risk (n = 60) were followed at 13 and 30 months. Children were referred for further evaluation as needed. The FYI identified 60% of those with ASD, and 87.5% of those with other types of developmental problems at 30 months within the followed sample. Applying the FYI dual risk criteria led to higher specificity relative to mean risk and social risk alone. Infants with dual risk had the highest rate of persisting referral for evaluation. Infants with dual risk and those with only social risk had lower developmental scores particularly in the social–communication domain compared to those with no risk. Including sensory–regulatory markers in screening for ASD leads to the identification of children with persisting and pervasive clinical needs and reduces false positive rates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

Teaching individuals with autism spectrum disorder to ask questions: A systematic review / Tracy RAULSTON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.866-878 Titre : Teaching individuals with autism spectrum disorder to ask questions: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tracy RAULSTON, Auteur ; Amarie CARNETT, Auteur ; Russell B. LANG, Auteur ; Amy TOSTANOSKI, Auteur ; Allyson LEE, Auteur ; Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Mark F. O’REILLY, Auteur ; Robert DIDDEN, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.866-878 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Question  Communication  Review  Behavioral intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review involved a systematic search and analysis of studies aimed at teaching individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to ask questions (i.e., teaching mands for information). A systematic search of databases, reference lists, and journals identified 21 studies that met predetermined inclusion criteria. Included studies were then summarized in terms of (a) participant characteristics, (b) dependent variables (e.g., types of question-asking skills that were taught), (c) intervention procedures, (d) research designs, and (e) outcomes. All 21 studies reported that participants acquired or improved in the targeted question-asking skills. The most common intervention components included (a) echoic prompts and systematic fading procedures (e.g., time delay), (b) positive reinforcement via provision of requested information and/or access to preferred items or activities, and (c) contriving situations to motivate specific questions (i.e., creating establishing operations). Implications for practitioners and directions for future research are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] Teaching individuals with autism spectrum disorder to ask questions: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tracy RAULSTON, Auteur ; Amarie CARNETT, Auteur ; Russell B. LANG, Auteur ; Amy TOSTANOSKI, Auteur ; Allyson LEE, Auteur ; Wendy MACHALICEK, Auteur ; Jeff SIGAFOOS, Auteur ; Mark F. O’REILLY, Auteur ; Robert DIDDEN, Auteur ; Giulio E. LANCIONI, Auteur . - p.866-878. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.866-878 Mots-clés : Autism  Question  Communication  Review  Behavioral intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review involved a systematic search and analysis of studies aimed at teaching individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to ask questions (i.e., teaching mands for information). A systematic search of databases, reference lists, and journals identified 21 studies that met predetermined inclusion criteria. Included studies were then summarized in terms of (a) participant characteristics, (b) dependent variables (e.g., types of question-asking skills that were taught), (c) intervention procedures, (d) research designs, and (e) outcomes. All 21 studies reported that participants acquired or improved in the targeted question-asking skills. The most common intervention components included (a) echoic prompts and systematic fading procedures (e.g., time delay), (b) positive reinforcement via provision of requested information and/or access to preferred items or activities, and (c) contriving situations to motivate specific questions (i.e., creating establishing operations). Implications for practitioners and directions for future research are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

The inclusion of fathers in investigations of autistic spectrum disorders / Valerie L. BRAUNSTEIN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.858-865 Titre : The inclusion of fathers in investigations of autistic spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valerie L. BRAUNSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole PENISTON, Auteur ; Andrea PERELMAN, Auteur ; Michael C. CASSANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.858-865 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Father  Parent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent reviews indicate an underrepresentation of fathers in empirical investigations of child development and psychopathology (Cassano, Adrian, Veits, amp; Zeman, 2006; Phares, Fields, Kamboukos, amp; Lopez, 2005). The purpose of the current study was to examine the nature of parental involvement in research on children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Articles published over the last decade from journals with the highest impact factors in disciplines relevant to the study of ASD were reviewed, including areas of psychiatry, developmental psychopathology, and developmental disabilities. A total of 404 articles were included in the review and were coded to determine if parental inclusion and method of statistical analysis varied as a function of child age, journal type, year of publication, and parent gender. Results were consistent with findings from recent reviews and indicated that fathers are widely underrepresented in the literature on ASD, even more so than rates of inclusion in investigations of developmental and child clinical psychology. In contrast to findings from broad reviews of parental inclusion in studies of child psychopathology, fathers’ involvement was not higher in older versus younger age of child participant. Clinical implications and recommendations to improve inclusion rates of fathers in research on children with ASDs are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199 [article] The inclusion of fathers in investigations of autistic spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valerie L. BRAUNSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole PENISTON, Auteur ; Andrea PERELMAN, Auteur ; Michael C. CASSANO, Auteur . - p.858-865. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.858-865 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Father  Parent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent reviews indicate an underrepresentation of fathers in empirical investigations of child development and psychopathology (Cassano, Adrian, Veits, amp; Zeman, 2006; Phares, Fields, Kamboukos, amp; Lopez, 2005). The purpose of the current study was to examine the nature of parental involvement in research on children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Articles published over the last decade from journals with the highest impact factors in disciplines relevant to the study of ASD were reviewed, including areas of psychiatry, developmental psychopathology, and developmental disabilities. A total of 404 articles were included in the review and were coded to determine if parental inclusion and method of statistical analysis varied as a function of child age, journal type, year of publication, and parent gender. Results were consistent with findings from recent reviews and indicated that fathers are widely underrepresented in the literature on ASD, even more so than rates of inclusion in investigations of developmental and child clinical psychology. In contrast to findings from broad reviews of parental inclusion in studies of child psychopathology, fathers’ involvement was not higher in older versus younger age of child participant. Clinical implications and recommendations to improve inclusion rates of fathers in research on children with ASDs are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=199

Attention to emotional tone of voice in speech perception in children with autism / Patricia J. BROOKS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.845-857 Titre : Attention to emotional tone of voice in speech perception in children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia J. BROOKS, Auteur ; Bertram O. PLOOG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.845-857 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affective prosody  Selective attention  Speech perception  Video game  Discrimination-choice procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A video game was developed to assess speech perception in 13 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 13 children with typical development (TYP), ages 5–17 years old. Children listened to pre-recorded sentences varying in content (e.g., “Bob parked a van” vs. “Tim shut a door”) and prosody (i.e., enthusiastic vs. grouchy tone of voice). During training, children learned to select one of two sentences differing in both content and prosody (e.g., enthusiastic “Bob parked a van” vs. grouchy “Tim shut a door”). At testing, children listened to test probes comprising re-combinations of the content and prosodic features of the training sentences. Testing indicated that both groups showed accurate discrimination of the training sentences from the re-combined test probes. However, whereas TYP children showed a preference to select the sentence with enthusiastic prosody over its grouchy counterpart, children with ASD did not. Thus, children with ASD show atypical attention to emotional tone of voice, even though they show no deficit in perceiving prosody. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Attention to emotional tone of voice in speech perception in children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia J. BROOKS, Auteur ; Bertram O. PLOOG, Auteur . - p.845-857. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.845-857 Mots-clés : Affective prosody  Selective attention  Speech perception  Video game  Discrimination-choice procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A video game was developed to assess speech perception in 13 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 13 children with typical development (TYP), ages 5–17 years old. Children listened to pre-recorded sentences varying in content (e.g., “Bob parked a van” vs. “Tim shut a door”) and prosody (i.e., enthusiastic vs. grouchy tone of voice). During training, children learned to select one of two sentences differing in both content and prosody (e.g., enthusiastic “Bob parked a van” vs. grouchy “Tim shut a door”). At testing, children listened to test probes comprising re-combinations of the content and prosodic features of the training sentences. Testing indicated that both groups showed accurate discrimination of the training sentences from the re-combined test probes. However, whereas TYP children showed a preference to select the sentence with enthusiastic prosody over its grouchy counterpart, children with ASD did not. Thus, children with ASD show atypical attention to emotional tone of voice, even though they show no deficit in perceiving prosody. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Facial emotion recognition and visual search strategies of children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome / Denise LEUNG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.833-844 Titre : Facial emotion recognition and visual search strategies of children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur ; Richard PARSONS, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.833-844 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion recognition  Eye tracking  Fixations  Fixation durations  Socialisation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with high functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger syndrome (AS) are often less able to identify facially expressed emotions than their matched controls. However, results regarding emotion recognition abilities in children with HFA/AS remain equivocal. Emotion recognition ability and visual search strategies of 26 children with HFA/AS and matched controls were compared. An eye tracker measured the number of fixations and fixation durations as participants were shown 12 pairs of slides, displaying photos of faces expressing anger, happiness or surprise. The first slide of each pair showed a face broken up into puzzle pieces. The eyes in half of the puzzle piece slides were bisected, while those in the remaining half were whole. Participants then identified which of three alternative faces was expressing the same emotion shown in the preceding puzzle piece slide. No differences between the participant groups were found for either emotion recognition ability or number of fixations. Both groups fixated more often on the eyes and performed better when the eyes were whole, suggesting that both children with HFA/AS and controls consider the eyes to be the most important source of information during emotion recognition. Fixation durations were longer in the group with HFA/AS, which indicates that while children with HFA/AS may be able to accurately recognise emotions, they find the task more demanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Facial emotion recognition and visual search strategies of children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Denise LEUNG, Auteur ; Anna ORDQVIST, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur ; Richard PARSONS, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur . - p.833-844. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.833-844 Mots-clés : Emotion recognition  Eye tracking  Fixations  Fixation durations  Socialisation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with high functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger syndrome (AS) are often less able to identify facially expressed emotions than their matched controls. However, results regarding emotion recognition abilities in children with HFA/AS remain equivocal. Emotion recognition ability and visual search strategies of 26 children with HFA/AS and matched controls were compared. An eye tracker measured the number of fixations and fixation durations as participants were shown 12 pairs of slides, displaying photos of faces expressing anger, happiness or surprise. The first slide of each pair showed a face broken up into puzzle pieces. The eyes in half of the puzzle piece slides were bisected, while those in the remaining half were whole. Participants then identified which of three alternative faces was expressing the same emotion shown in the preceding puzzle piece slide. No differences between the participant groups were found for either emotion recognition ability or number of fixations. Both groups fixated more often on the eyes and performed better when the eyes were whole, suggesting that both children with HFA/AS and controls consider the eyes to be the most important source of information during emotion recognition. Fixation durations were longer in the group with HFA/AS, which indicates that while children with HFA/AS may be able to accurately recognise emotions, they find the task more demanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Types and experiences of bullying in adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder / Patricia H. KLOOSTERMAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.824-832 Titre : Types and experiences of bullying in adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia H. KLOOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KELLEY, Auteur ; Wendy M. CRAIG, Auteur ; James D. A. PARKER, Auteur ; Christine JAVIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.824-832 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parental reports  Self-report  Bullying  Victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Being victimized by one's peers is a major problem in adolescence, and research has suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may experience higher rates of bullying than their typically-developing (TD) peers. However, it is currently unclear whether adolescents with ASD are victimized more by their peers simply because they are ‘different’. This study was designed to examine percentage rates across different types of bullying behaviour in adolescents with an ASD (n = 24), in comparison to a group of special-needs adolescents without an ASD (n = 22), and a group of typically developing peers (n = 24), to determine whether simply being ‘different’ leads to higher rates of victimization. We also examined the agreement between parental and self-reports of bullying behaviour experienced by these groups. Overall, more adolescents with ASD reported victimization than adolescents in the other two groups. In addition, those with ASD reported more social bullying in comparison to the other two groups and more physical bullying than the TD group. No difference was found between parental and self-reports for the bullying experienced by the adolescents with ASD or special needs; however, TD adolescents reported higher levels of victimization than their parents reported for them. Contributing factors for the victimization experienced by adolescents with an ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.02.013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Types and experiences of bullying in adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia H. KLOOSTERMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KELLEY, Auteur ; Wendy M. CRAIG, Auteur ; James D. A. PARKER, Auteur ; Christine JAVIER, Auteur . - p.824-832. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.824-832 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parental reports  Self-report  Bullying  Victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Being victimized by one's peers is a major problem in adolescence, and research has suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may experience higher rates of bullying than their typically-developing (TD) peers. However, it is currently unclear whether adolescents with ASD are victimized more by their peers simply because they are ‘different’. This study was designed to examine percentage rates across different types of bullying behaviour in adolescents with an ASD (n = 24), in comparison to a group of special-needs adolescents without an ASD (n = 22), and a group of typically developing peers (n = 24), to determine whether simply being ‘different’ leads to higher rates of victimization. We also examined the agreement between parental and self-reports of bullying behaviour experienced by these groups. Overall, more adolescents with ASD reported victimization than adolescents in the other two groups. In addition, those with ASD reported more social bullying in comparison to the other two groups and more physical bullying than the TD group. No difference was found between parental and self-reports for the bullying experienced by the adolescents with ASD or special needs; however, TD adolescents reported higher levels of victimization than their parents reported for them. Contributing factors for the victimization experienced by adolescents with an ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.02.013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Early and late auditory event-related potentials in cognitively high functioning male adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Stein ANDERSSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.815-823 Titre : Early and late auditory event-related potentials in cognitively high functioning male adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stein ANDERSSON, Auteur ; Maj-Britt POSSERUD, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.815-823 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Event-related potentials  Autism spectrum disorders  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Event-related potentials (ERP) studies have offered diverging results in characterizing the basic nature of abnormal sensory processing and discrimination in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). In the present study we report duration mismatch negativity (MMN) and later ERP components (P3a and P3b) derived from auditory odd-ball paradigms in a homogenous sample of cognitively high functioning male adolescents with ASD. We find significantly reduced frontal and temporal MMN amplitudes and no differences in P3a or P3b amplitudes or latencies compared to controls. These findings are in contrast to recent studies reporting enhanced ERP amplitudes to auditory stimuli, and are more in support of a weakened automatic auditory sensory processing as being central to the abnormal auditory behavioral responses commonly encountered in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Early and late auditory event-related potentials in cognitively high functioning male adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stein ANDERSSON, Auteur ; Maj-Britt POSSERUD, Auteur ; Astri J. LUNDERVOLD, Auteur . - p.815-823. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.815-823 Mots-clés : Event-related potentials  Autism spectrum disorders  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Event-related potentials (ERP) studies have offered diverging results in characterizing the basic nature of abnormal sensory processing and discrimination in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). In the present study we report duration mismatch negativity (MMN) and later ERP components (P3a and P3b) derived from auditory odd-ball paradigms in a homogenous sample of cognitively high functioning male adolescents with ASD. We find significantly reduced frontal and temporal MMN amplitudes and no differences in P3a or P3b amplitudes or latencies compared to controls. These findings are in contrast to recent studies reporting enhanced ERP amplitudes to auditory stimuli, and are more in support of a weakened automatic auditory sensory processing as being central to the abnormal auditory behavioral responses commonly encountered in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.03.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Autism spectrum disorders: Methodological considerations for Early Intensive Behavioral Interventions / Johnny L. MATSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-7 (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.809-814 Titre : Autism spectrum disorders: Methodological considerations for Early Intensive Behavioral Interventions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Johnny L. MATSON, Auteur ; Jina JANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.809-814 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Early intervention  Methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) has become a cornerstone of early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). As this field has matured, the emphasis will need to shift from does it work to more specific and tailored research topics. Increasing compatibility across studies will be critical. Establishing more rigorous methods of group assignment and more systematic and detailed descriptions of participants, and developing more up-to-date criteria and methods of diagnosis will be needed. Also, providing more systematic and detailed descriptions of treatment and more emphasis on staff training and treatment integrity will be required. How methodology can be improved serves as the primary focus of the paper. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Autism spectrum disorders: Methodological considerations for Early Intensive Behavioral Interventions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Johnny L. MATSON, Auteur ; Jina JANG, Auteur . - p.809-814. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-7 (July 2013) . - p.809-814 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Early intervention  Methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) has become a cornerstone of early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). As this field has matured, the emphasis will need to shift from does it work to more specific and tailored research topics. Increasing compatibility across studies will be critical. Establishing more rigorous methods of group assignment and more systematic and detailed descriptions of participants, and developing more up-to-date criteria and methods of diagnosis will be needed. Also, providing more systematic and detailed descriptions of treatment and more emphasis on staff training and treatment integrity will be required. How methodology can be improved serves as the primary focus of the paper. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200