Dépouillements

Editorial: 'People get ready': Are mental disorder diagnostics ripe for a Kuhnian revolution? / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.1-3 Titre : Editorial: 'People get ready': Are mental disorder diagnostics ripe for a Kuhnian revolution? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-3 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : How is practical progress possible in child psychology and psychiatry? How does science advance to promote therapeutic innovation? The importance of the exciting stuff - new insights and ideas, studied using cutting edge and innovative technologies - is self-evident. However, the philosophy of science has shown us that less obvious and more mundane elements are also essential. This is because scientific progress is only possible where attempts to break new ground are solidly anchored in a stable shared framework of assumptions - a metatheory - about the general nature of the phenomenon being studied. This framework defines what questions are considered 'scientific' - questions that it 'makes sense' to ask from a scientific point of view and those that are considered out of bounds (scientists with less subtle minds even considering such to be nonquestions rather than different sorts of questions). Kuhn called this framework a paradigm and the research activity that originates from it, normal science (Kuhn, 1962, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions; Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). These frameworks also serve a vital regulatory function because they contain common concepts that embody shared points of reference that allow scientists to communicate with each other to share their ideas, hypotheses and findings (Habermas, 1979, Communication and the evolution of society; Boston: Beacon Press). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13181 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Editorial: 'People get ready': Are mental disorder diagnostics ripe for a Kuhnian revolution? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.1-3. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.1-3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : How is practical progress possible in child psychology and psychiatry? How does science advance to promote therapeutic innovation? The importance of the exciting stuff - new insights and ideas, studied using cutting edge and innovative technologies - is self-evident. However, the philosophy of science has shown us that less obvious and more mundane elements are also essential. This is because scientific progress is only possible where attempts to break new ground are solidly anchored in a stable shared framework of assumptions - a metatheory - about the general nature of the phenomenon being studied. This framework defines what questions are considered 'scientific' - questions that it 'makes sense' to ask from a scientific point of view and those that are considered out of bounds (scientists with less subtle minds even considering such to be nonquestions rather than different sorts of questions). Kuhn called this framework a paradigm and the research activity that originates from it, normal science (Kuhn, 1962, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions; Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). These frameworks also serve a vital regulatory function because they contain common concepts that embody shared points of reference that allow scientists to communicate with each other to share their ideas, hypotheses and findings (Habermas, 1979, Communication and the evolution of society; Boston: Beacon Press). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13181 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Research Review: Outcomes of 24- to 36-month-old children with autism spectrum disorder vary by ascertainment strategy: a systematic review and meta-analysis / M. MICHELETTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.4-17 Titre : Research Review: Outcomes of 24- to 36-month-old children with autism spectrum disorder vary by ascertainment strategy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. MICHELETTI, Auteur ; C. MCCRACKEN, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; D. MANDELL, Auteur ; W. JONES, Auteur ; A. KLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  meta-analysis  outcomes  sampling bias  surveillance  systematic review  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Despite widespread recommendations for early surveillance of risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), no research to date has shown that early surveillance leads to better clinical outcomes. Preliminary research has suggested that children with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up have better outcomes than those ascertained via community referral. Because prospective studies include early surveillance, by comparing outcomes of children with ASD across ascertainment strategies, we may gain insight into the effects of early surveillance relative to its absence. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies reporting outcomes of 24- to 36-month-olds with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up, community referral, or universal screening. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was used to calculate overall effect size estimates for developmental level and symptom severity across ascertainment cohorts. RESULTS: Eleven prospective, ten community referral, and eight universal screening studies were identified, reporting on 1,658 toddlers with ASD. We found no differences in outcomes between community referral and universal screening studies. Relative to both, prospective studies reported significantly higher developmental levels and lower symptom severities. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of young children with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up are better than those of children with ASD recruited via community referral or universal screening. Although we discuss why sampling bias is not likely the driving force behind these findings, we cannot rule out the possibility that sampling bias contributes to the observed differences; future studies should probe the effects of sociodemographic variables on clinical outcomes as a function of ascertainment strategy. This limitation notwithstanding, our results raise the possibility that prospective follow-up may confer a 'surveillance effect' that contributes to improved developmental and diagnostic outcomes in children with ASD. Future research should test this hypothesis and determine the specific mechanism by which surveillance may improve outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13057 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Research Review: Outcomes of 24- to 36-month-old children with autism spectrum disorder vary by ascertainment strategy: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. MICHELETTI, Auteur ; C. MCCRACKEN, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; D. MANDELL, Auteur ; W. JONES, Auteur ; A. KLIN, Auteur . - p.4-17. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.4-17 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  meta-analysis  outcomes  sampling bias  surveillance  systematic review  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Despite widespread recommendations for early surveillance of risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), no research to date has shown that early surveillance leads to better clinical outcomes. Preliminary research has suggested that children with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up have better outcomes than those ascertained via community referral. Because prospective studies include early surveillance, by comparing outcomes of children with ASD across ascertainment strategies, we may gain insight into the effects of early surveillance relative to its absence. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies reporting outcomes of 24- to 36-month-olds with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up, community referral, or universal screening. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was used to calculate overall effect size estimates for developmental level and symptom severity across ascertainment cohorts. RESULTS: Eleven prospective, ten community referral, and eight universal screening studies were identified, reporting on 1,658 toddlers with ASD. We found no differences in outcomes between community referral and universal screening studies. Relative to both, prospective studies reported significantly higher developmental levels and lower symptom severities. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of young children with ASD ascertained via prospective follow-up are better than those of children with ASD recruited via community referral or universal screening. Although we discuss why sampling bias is not likely the driving force behind these findings, we cannot rule out the possibility that sampling bias contributes to the observed differences; future studies should probe the effects of sociodemographic variables on clinical outcomes as a function of ascertainment strategy. This limitation notwithstanding, our results raise the possibility that prospective follow-up may confer a 'surveillance effect' that contributes to improved developmental and diagnostic outcomes in children with ASD. Future research should test this hypothesis and determine the specific mechanism by which surveillance may improve outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13057 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Research Review: Psychological and psychosocial treatments for children and young people with post-traumatic stress disorder: a network meta-analysis / I. MAVRANEZOULI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.18-29 Titre : Research Review: Psychological and psychosocial treatments for children and young people with post-traumatic stress disorder: a network meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I. MAVRANEZOULI, Auteur ; O. MEGNIN-VIGGARS, Auteur ; C. DALY, Auteur ; S. DIAS, Auteur ; S. STOCKTON, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; D. TRICKEY, Auteur ; S. PILLING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.18-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder  intervention  network meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially chronic and disabling disorder that affects a significant minority of youth exposed to trauma. Previous studies have concluded that trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT) is an effective treatment for PTSD in youth, but the relative strengths of different psychological therapies are poorly understood. METHODS: We undertook a systematic review and network meta-analyses of psychological and psychosocial interventions for children and young people with PTSD. Outcomes included PTSD symptom change scores post-treatment and at 1-4-month follow-up, and remission post-treatment. RESULTS: We included 32 trials of 17 interventions and 2,260 participants. Overall, the evidence was of moderate-to-low quality. No inconsistency was detected between direct and indirect evidence. Individual forms of TF-CBT showed consistently large effects in reducing PTSD symptoms post-treatment compared with waitlist. The order of interventions by descending magnitude of effect versus waitlist was as follows: cognitive therapy for PTSD (SMD -2.94, 95%CrI -3.94 to -1.95), combined somatic/cognitive therapies, child-parent psychotherapy, combined TF-CBT/parent training, meditation, narrative exposure, exposure/prolonged exposure, play therapy, Cohen TF-CBT/cognitive processing therapy (CPT), eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), parent training, group TF-CBT, supportive counselling and family therapy (SMD -0.37, 95%CrI -1.60 to 0.84). Results for parent training, supportive counselling and family therapy were inconclusive. Cohen TF-CBT/CPT, group TF-CBT and supportive counselling had the largest evidence base. Results regarding changes in PTSD symptoms at follow-up and remission post-treatment were uncertain due to limited evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy, in particular individual forms, appears to be most effective in the management of PTSD in youth. EMDR is effective but to a lesser extent. Supportive counselling does not appear to be effective. Results suggest a large positive effect for emotional freedom technique, child-parent psychotherapy, combined TF-CBT/parent training, and meditation, but further research is needed to confirm these findings as they were based on very limited evidence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Research Review: Psychological and psychosocial treatments for children and young people with post-traumatic stress disorder: a network meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I. MAVRANEZOULI, Auteur ; O. MEGNIN-VIGGARS, Auteur ; C. DALY, Auteur ; S. DIAS, Auteur ; S. STOCKTON, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; D. TRICKEY, Auteur ; S. PILLING, Auteur . - p.18-29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.18-29 Mots-clés : Post-traumatic stress disorder  intervention  network meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially chronic and disabling disorder that affects a significant minority of youth exposed to trauma. Previous studies have concluded that trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT) is an effective treatment for PTSD in youth, but the relative strengths of different psychological therapies are poorly understood. METHODS: We undertook a systematic review and network meta-analyses of psychological and psychosocial interventions for children and young people with PTSD. Outcomes included PTSD symptom change scores post-treatment and at 1-4-month follow-up, and remission post-treatment. RESULTS: We included 32 trials of 17 interventions and 2,260 participants. Overall, the evidence was of moderate-to-low quality. No inconsistency was detected between direct and indirect evidence. Individual forms of TF-CBT showed consistently large effects in reducing PTSD symptoms post-treatment compared with waitlist. The order of interventions by descending magnitude of effect versus waitlist was as follows: cognitive therapy for PTSD (SMD -2.94, 95%CrI -3.94 to -1.95), combined somatic/cognitive therapies, child-parent psychotherapy, combined TF-CBT/parent training, meditation, narrative exposure, exposure/prolonged exposure, play therapy, Cohen TF-CBT/cognitive processing therapy (CPT), eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), parent training, group TF-CBT, supportive counselling and family therapy (SMD -0.37, 95%CrI -1.60 to 0.84). Results for parent training, supportive counselling and family therapy were inconclusive. Cohen TF-CBT/CPT, group TF-CBT and supportive counselling had the largest evidence base. Results regarding changes in PTSD symptoms at follow-up and remission post-treatment were uncertain due to limited evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy, in particular individual forms, appears to be most effective in the management of PTSD in youth. EMDR is effective but to a lesser extent. Supportive counselling does not appear to be effective. Results suggest a large positive effect for emotional freedom technique, child-parent psychotherapy, combined TF-CBT/parent training, and meditation, but further research is needed to confirm these findings as they were based on very limited evidence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence / Andrea G. ALLEGRINI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.30-39 Titre : The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrea G. ALLEGRINI, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; K. RIMFELD, Auteur ; S. SELZAM, Auteur ; J. B. PINGAULT, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; R. PLOMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.30-39 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Childhood psychopathology  behavioural genetics  genomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Diverse behaviour problems in childhood correlate phenotypically, suggesting a general dimension of psychopathology that has been called the p factor. The shared genetic architecture between childhood psychopathology traits also supports a genetic p. This study systematically investigates the manifestation of this common dimension across self-, parent- and teacher-rated measures in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The sample included 7,026 twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). First, we employed multivariate twin models to estimate common genetic and environmental influences on p based on diverse measures of behaviour problems rated by children, parents and teachers at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 (depressive traits, emotional problems, peer problems, autism traits, hyperactivity, antisocial behaviour, conduct problems and psychopathic tendencies). Second, to assess the stability of genetic and environmental influences on p across time, we conducted longitudinal twin modelling of the first phenotypic principal components of childhood psychopathological measures across each of the four ages. Third, we created a genetic p factor in 7,026 unrelated genotyped individuals based on eight polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders to estimate how a general polygenic predisposition to mostly adult psychiatric disorders relates to childhood p. RESULTS: Behaviour problems were consistently correlated phenotypically and genetically across ages and raters. The p factor is substantially heritable (50%-60%) and manifests consistently across diverse ages and raters. However, residual variation in the common factor models indicates unique contributions as well. Genetic correlations of p components across childhood and adolescence suggest stability over time (49%-78%). A polygenic general psychopathology factor derived from studies of psychiatric disorders consistently predicted a general phenotypic p factor across development (0.3%-0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Diverse forms of psychopathology generally load on a common p factor, which is highly heritable. There are substantial genetic influences on the stability of p across childhood. Our analyses indicate genetic overlap between general risk for psychiatric disorders in adulthood and p in childhood, even as young as age 7. The p factor has far-reaching implications for genomic research and, eventually, for diagnosis and treatment of behaviour problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13113 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrea G. ALLEGRINI, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; K. RIMFELD, Auteur ; S. SELZAM, Auteur ; J. B. PINGAULT, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; R. PLOMIN, Auteur . - p.30-39. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.30-39 Mots-clés : Childhood psychopathology  behavioural genetics  genomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Diverse behaviour problems in childhood correlate phenotypically, suggesting a general dimension of psychopathology that has been called the p factor. The shared genetic architecture between childhood psychopathology traits also supports a genetic p. This study systematically investigates the manifestation of this common dimension across self-, parent- and teacher-rated measures in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The sample included 7,026 twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). First, we employed multivariate twin models to estimate common genetic and environmental influences on p based on diverse measures of behaviour problems rated by children, parents and teachers at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 (depressive traits, emotional problems, peer problems, autism traits, hyperactivity, antisocial behaviour, conduct problems and psychopathic tendencies). Second, to assess the stability of genetic and environmental influences on p across time, we conducted longitudinal twin modelling of the first phenotypic principal components of childhood psychopathological measures across each of the four ages. Third, we created a genetic p factor in 7,026 unrelated genotyped individuals based on eight polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders to estimate how a general polygenic predisposition to mostly adult psychiatric disorders relates to childhood p. RESULTS: Behaviour problems were consistently correlated phenotypically and genetically across ages and raters. The p factor is substantially heritable (50%-60%) and manifests consistently across diverse ages and raters. However, residual variation in the common factor models indicates unique contributions as well. Genetic correlations of p components across childhood and adolescence suggest stability over time (49%-78%). A polygenic general psychopathology factor derived from studies of psychiatric disorders consistently predicted a general phenotypic p factor across development (0.3%-0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Diverse forms of psychopathology generally load on a common p factor, which is highly heritable. There are substantial genetic influences on the stability of p across childhood. Our analyses indicate genetic overlap between general risk for psychiatric disorders in adulthood and p in childhood, even as young as age 7. The p factor has far-reaching implications for genomic research and, eventually, for diagnosis and treatment of behaviour problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13113 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Measuring strengths and weaknesses in dimensional psychiatry / L. M. ALEXANDER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.40-50 Titre : Measuring strengths and weaknesses in dimensional psychiatry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. M. ALEXANDER, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; J. M. SWANSON, Auteur ; M. P. MILHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.40-50 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Questionnaires  methodology  rating scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Extended Strengths and Weaknesses Assessment of Normal Behavior (E-SWAN) reconceptualizes each diagnostic criterion for selected DSM-5 disorders as a behavior, which can range from high (strengths) to low (weaknesses). Initial development focused on Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, Major Depression, and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder. METHODS: Data were collected from 523 participants (ages 6-17). Parents completed each of the four E-SWAN scales and traditional unidirectional scales addressing the same disorders. Distributional properties, Item Response Theory Analysis (IRT), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess and compare the performance of E-SWAN and traditional scales. RESULTS: In contrast to the traditional scales, which exhibited truncated distributions, all four E-SWAN scales had symmetric distributions. IRT analyses indicate the E-SWAN subscales provided reliable information about respondents throughout the population distribution; traditional scales only provided reliable information about respondents at the high end of the distribution. Predictive value for DSM-5 diagnoses was comparable to prior scales. CONCLUSIONS: E-SWAN bidirectional scales can capture the full spectrum of the population distribution of behavior underlying DSM disorders. The additional information provided can better inform examination of inter-individual variation in population studies, as well as facilitate the identification of factors related to resiliency in clinical samples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Measuring strengths and weaknesses in dimensional psychiatry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. M. ALEXANDER, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; J. M. SWANSON, Auteur ; M. P. MILHAM, Auteur . - p.40-50. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.40-50 Mots-clés : Questionnaires  methodology  rating scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Extended Strengths and Weaknesses Assessment of Normal Behavior (E-SWAN) reconceptualizes each diagnostic criterion for selected DSM-5 disorders as a behavior, which can range from high (strengths) to low (weaknesses). Initial development focused on Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, Major Depression, and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder. METHODS: Data were collected from 523 participants (ages 6-17). Parents completed each of the four E-SWAN scales and traditional unidirectional scales addressing the same disorders. Distributional properties, Item Response Theory Analysis (IRT), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess and compare the performance of E-SWAN and traditional scales. RESULTS: In contrast to the traditional scales, which exhibited truncated distributions, all four E-SWAN scales had symmetric distributions. IRT analyses indicate the E-SWAN subscales provided reliable information about respondents throughout the population distribution; traditional scales only provided reliable information about respondents at the high end of the distribution. Predictive value for DSM-5 diagnoses was comparable to prior scales. CONCLUSIONS: E-SWAN bidirectional scales can capture the full spectrum of the population distribution of behavior underlying DSM disorders. The additional information provided can better inform examination of inter-individual variation in population studies, as well as facilitate the identification of factors related to resiliency in clinical samples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders / C. J. VAIDYA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Titre : Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.51-61 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.51-61. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

A randomised controlled trial of treatments of childhood anxiety disorder in the context of maternal anxiety disorder: clinical and cost-effectiveness outcomes / C. CRESWELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.62-76 Titre : A randomised controlled trial of treatments of childhood anxiety disorder in the context of maternal anxiety disorder: clinical and cost-effectiveness outcomes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. CRESWELL, Auteur ; M. VIOLATO, Auteur ; S. CRUDDACE, Auteur ; S. GERRY, Auteur ; L. MURRAY, Auteur ; R. SHAFRAN, Auteur ; A. STEIN, Auteur ; L. WILLETTS, Auteur ; E. MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.62-76 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  anxiety  cognitive behaviour therapy  mother  parent-child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study evaluated whether clinical and economic outcomes from CBT for child anxiety disorders in the context of maternal anxiety disorders are improved by adding treatment focused on (a) maternal anxiety disorders or (b) mother-child interactions. METHODS: Two hundred and eleven children (7-12 years, 85% White British, 52% female) with a primary anxiety disorder, whose mothers also had a current anxiety disorder, were randomised to receive (a) child-focused CBT with nonspecific control interventions (CCBT+Con), (b) CCBT with CBT for the maternal anxiety disorder (CCBT+MCBT), or (c) CCBT with an intervention targeting the mother-child interaction (CCBT+MCI). A cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective was conducted using mother/child combined quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). [Trial registration: https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn19762288]. RESULTS: MCBT was associated with immediate reductions in maternal anxiety compared to the nonspecific control; however, after children had also received CCBT, maternal outcomes in the CCBT+MCI and CCBT+Con arms improved and CCBT+MCBT was no longer superior. Neither CCBT+MCBT nor CCBT+MCI conferred a benefit over CCBT+Con in terms of child anxiety disorder diagnoses post-treatment [primary outcome] (adj RR: 1.22 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.67), p = .23; adj RR: 1.21 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.65), p = .24, respectively) or global improvement ratings (adj RR: 1.25 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.57), p = .06; adj RR: 1.18 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.50), p = .17) or six and 12 months later. No significant differences between the groups were found on the main economic outcome measures (child/mother combined QALY mean difference: CCBT+MCBT vs. CCBT+Con: -0.04 (95% CI: -0.12, 0.04), p = .29; CCBT+MCI vs. CCBT+Con: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.05, -0.09), p = .54). CCBT+MCI was associated with nonsignificantly higher costs than CCBT (mean difference: pound154 (95% CI: - pound1,239, pound1,547), p = .83) but, when taking into account sampling uncertainty, it may be cost-effective compared with CCBT alone. CONCLUSIONS: Good outcomes were achieved for children and their mothers across treatment arms. There was no evidence of significant clinical benefit from supplementing CCBT with either CBT for the maternal anxiety disorder or treatment focussed on mother-child interactions, but the addition of MCI (and not MCBT) may be cost-effective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13089 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] A randomised controlled trial of treatments of childhood anxiety disorder in the context of maternal anxiety disorder: clinical and cost-effectiveness outcomes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. CRESWELL, Auteur ; M. VIOLATO, Auteur ; S. CRUDDACE, Auteur ; S. GERRY, Auteur ; L. MURRAY, Auteur ; R. SHAFRAN, Auteur ; A. STEIN, Auteur ; L. WILLETTS, Auteur ; E. MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Peter J. COOPER, Auteur . - p.62-76. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.62-76 Mots-clés : Child  anxiety  cognitive behaviour therapy  mother  parent-child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study evaluated whether clinical and economic outcomes from CBT for child anxiety disorders in the context of maternal anxiety disorders are improved by adding treatment focused on (a) maternal anxiety disorders or (b) mother-child interactions. METHODS: Two hundred and eleven children (7-12 years, 85% White British, 52% female) with a primary anxiety disorder, whose mothers also had a current anxiety disorder, were randomised to receive (a) child-focused CBT with nonspecific control interventions (CCBT+Con), (b) CCBT with CBT for the maternal anxiety disorder (CCBT+MCBT), or (c) CCBT with an intervention targeting the mother-child interaction (CCBT+MCI). A cost-utility analysis from a societal perspective was conducted using mother/child combined quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). [Trial registration: https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn19762288]. RESULTS: MCBT was associated with immediate reductions in maternal anxiety compared to the nonspecific control; however, after children had also received CCBT, maternal outcomes in the CCBT+MCI and CCBT+Con arms improved and CCBT+MCBT was no longer superior. Neither CCBT+MCBT nor CCBT+MCI conferred a benefit over CCBT+Con in terms of child anxiety disorder diagnoses post-treatment [primary outcome] (adj RR: 1.22 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.67), p = .23; adj RR: 1.21 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.65), p = .24, respectively) or global improvement ratings (adj RR: 1.25 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.57), p = .06; adj RR: 1.18 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.50), p = .17) or six and 12 months later. No significant differences between the groups were found on the main economic outcome measures (child/mother combined QALY mean difference: CCBT+MCBT vs. CCBT+Con: -0.04 (95% CI: -0.12, 0.04), p = .29; CCBT+MCI vs. CCBT+Con: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.05, -0.09), p = .54). CCBT+MCI was associated with nonsignificantly higher costs than CCBT (mean difference: pound154 (95% CI: - pound1,239, pound1,547), p = .83) but, when taking into account sampling uncertainty, it may be cost-effective compared with CCBT alone. CONCLUSIONS: Good outcomes were achieved for children and their mothers across treatment arms. There was no evidence of significant clinical benefit from supplementing CCBT with either CBT for the maternal anxiety disorder or treatment focussed on mother-child interactions, but the addition of MCI (and not MCBT) may be cost-effective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13089 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions, posttraumatic stress and depression in children and adolescents exposed to trauma: a network analysis / A. DE HAAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.77-87 Titre : Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions, posttraumatic stress and depression in children and adolescents exposed to trauma: a network analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. DE HAAN, Auteur ; M. A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; E. I. FRIED, Auteur ; K. KLEINKE, Auteur ; E. ALISIC, Auteur ; R. BRYANT, Auteur ; K. SALMON, Auteur ; S. H. CHEN, Auteur ; S. T. LIU, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; A. ALBERICI, Auteur ; J. CLAXTON, Auteur ; J. DIEHLE, Auteur ; R. LINDAUER, Auteur ; C. DE ROOS, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur ; R. HILLER, Auteur ; C. H. KRISTENSEN, Auteur ; B. O. M. LOBO, Auteur ; N. M. VOLKMANN, Auteur ; M. MARSAC, Auteur ; L. BARAKAT, Auteur ; Nancy KASSAM-ADAMS, Auteur ; R. D. V. NIXON, Auteur ; S. HOGAN, Auteur ; R. L. PUNAMAKI, Auteur ; E. PALOSAARI, Auteur ; E. SCHILPZAND, Auteur ; R. CONROY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; W. YULE, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.77-87 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children  Dsm-5  Icd-11  adolescents  depression  network analysis  posttraumatic cognitions  posttraumatic stress disorder  trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) proposes a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms within the symptom clusters re-experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal. Since children and adolescents often show a variety of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, the question arises whether such a conceptualization of the PTSD diagnosis is supported in children and adolescents. Furthermore, although dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) appear to play an important role in the development and persistence of PTSD in children and adolescents, their function within diagnostic frameworks requires clarification. METHODS: We compiled a large international data set of 2,313 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years exposed to trauma and calculated a network model including dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD core symptoms and depression symptoms. Central items and relations between constructs were investigated. RESULTS: The PTSD re-experiencing symptoms strong or overwhelming emotions and strong physical sensations and the depression symptom difficulty concentrating emerged as most central. Items from the same construct were more strongly connected with each other than with items from the other constructs. Dysfunctional PTCs were not more strongly connected to core PTSD symptoms than to depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide support that a PTSD diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms could help to disentangle PTSD, depression and dysfunctional PTCs. Using longitudinal data and complementing between-subject with within-subject analyses might provide further insight into the relationship between dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD and depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13101 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions, posttraumatic stress and depression in children and adolescents exposed to trauma: a network analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. DE HAAN, Auteur ; M. A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; E. I. FRIED, Auteur ; K. KLEINKE, Auteur ; E. ALISIC, Auteur ; R. BRYANT, Auteur ; K. SALMON, Auteur ; S. H. CHEN, Auteur ; S. T. LIU, Auteur ; Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; A. ALBERICI, Auteur ; J. CLAXTON, Auteur ; J. DIEHLE, Auteur ; R. LINDAUER, Auteur ; C. DE ROOS, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur ; R. HILLER, Auteur ; C. H. KRISTENSEN, Auteur ; B. O. M. LOBO, Auteur ; N. M. VOLKMANN, Auteur ; M. MARSAC, Auteur ; L. BARAKAT, Auteur ; Nancy KASSAM-ADAMS, Auteur ; R. D. V. NIXON, Auteur ; S. HOGAN, Auteur ; R. L. PUNAMAKI, Auteur ; E. PALOSAARI, Auteur ; E. SCHILPZAND, Auteur ; R. CONROY, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; W. YULE, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur . - p.77-87. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.77-87 Mots-clés : Children  Dsm-5  Icd-11  adolescents  depression  network analysis  posttraumatic cognitions  posttraumatic stress disorder  trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) proposes a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms within the symptom clusters re-experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal. Since children and adolescents often show a variety of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, the question arises whether such a conceptualization of the PTSD diagnosis is supported in children and adolescents. Furthermore, although dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) appear to play an important role in the development and persistence of PTSD in children and adolescents, their function within diagnostic frameworks requires clarification. METHODS: We compiled a large international data set of 2,313 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years exposed to trauma and calculated a network model including dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD core symptoms and depression symptoms. Central items and relations between constructs were investigated. RESULTS: The PTSD re-experiencing symptoms strong or overwhelming emotions and strong physical sensations and the depression symptom difficulty concentrating emerged as most central. Items from the same construct were more strongly connected with each other than with items from the other constructs. Dysfunctional PTCs were not more strongly connected to core PTSD symptoms than to depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide support that a PTSD diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms could help to disentangle PTSD, depression and dysfunctional PTCs. Using longitudinal data and complementing between-subject with within-subject analyses might provide further insight into the relationship between dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD and depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13101 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

A video-based measure to identify autism risk in infancy / Gregory S. YOUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.88-94 Titre : A video-based measure to identify autism risk in infancy Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; S. DVORAK, Auteur ; A. BELDING, Auteur ; D. GANGI, Auteur ; A. HILL, Auteur ; M. HILL, Auteur ; M. MILLER, Auteur ; C. PARIKH, Auteur ; A. J. SCHWICHTENBERG, Auteur ; E. SOLIS, Auteur ; S. OZONOFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.88-94 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  infancy  screening  social development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Signs of autism are present in the first 2 years of life, but the average age of diagnosis lags far behind. Instruments that improve detection of autism risk in infancy are needed. This study developed and tested the psychometric properties of a novel video-based approach to detecting ASD in infancy. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study of children at elevated or lower risk for autism spectrum disorder was conducted. Participants were 76 infants with an older sibling with ASD and 37 infants with no known family history of autism. The Video-referenced Infant Rating System for Autism (VIRSA) is a web-based application that presents pairs of videos of parents and infants playing together and requires forced-choice judgments of which video is most similar to the child being rated. Parents rated participants on the VIRSA at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age. We examined split-half and test-retest reliability; convergent and discriminant validity; and sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive value for concurrent and 36-month ASD diagnoses. RESULTS: The VIRSA demonstrated satisfactory reliability and convergent and discriminant validity. VIRSA ratings were significantly lower for children ultimately diagnosed with ASD than children with typical development by 12 months of age. VIRSA scores at 18 months identified all children diagnosed with ASD at that age, as well as 78% of children diagnosed at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents an initial step in the development of a novel video-based approach to detection of ASD in infancy. The VIRSA's psychometric properties were promising when used by parents with an older affected child, but still must be tested in community samples with no family history of ASD. If results are replicated, then the VIRSA's low-burden, web-based format has the potential to reduce disparities in communities with limited access to screening. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13105 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] A video-based measure to identify autism risk in infancy [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; S. DVORAK, Auteur ; A. BELDING, Auteur ; D. GANGI, Auteur ; A. HILL, Auteur ; M. HILL, Auteur ; M. MILLER, Auteur ; C. PARIKH, Auteur ; A. J. SCHWICHTENBERG, Auteur ; E. SOLIS, Auteur ; S. OZONOFF, Auteur . - p.88-94. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.88-94 Mots-clés : Autism  infancy  screening  social development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Signs of autism are present in the first 2 years of life, but the average age of diagnosis lags far behind. Instruments that improve detection of autism risk in infancy are needed. This study developed and tested the psychometric properties of a novel video-based approach to detecting ASD in infancy. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study of children at elevated or lower risk for autism spectrum disorder was conducted. Participants were 76 infants with an older sibling with ASD and 37 infants with no known family history of autism. The Video-referenced Infant Rating System for Autism (VIRSA) is a web-based application that presents pairs of videos of parents and infants playing together and requires forced-choice judgments of which video is most similar to the child being rated. Parents rated participants on the VIRSA at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age. We examined split-half and test-retest reliability; convergent and discriminant validity; and sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive value for concurrent and 36-month ASD diagnoses. RESULTS: The VIRSA demonstrated satisfactory reliability and convergent and discriminant validity. VIRSA ratings were significantly lower for children ultimately diagnosed with ASD than children with typical development by 12 months of age. VIRSA scores at 18 months identified all children diagnosed with ASD at that age, as well as 78% of children diagnosed at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents an initial step in the development of a novel video-based approach to detection of ASD in infancy. The VIRSA's psychometric properties were promising when used by parents with an older affected child, but still must be tested in community samples with no family history of ASD. If results are replicated, then the VIRSA's low-burden, web-based format has the potential to reduce disparities in communities with limited access to screening. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13105 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Developmental stability of scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance self-concepts from preschool to early adulthood / D. L. PUTNICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.95-103 Titre : Developmental stability of scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance self-concepts from preschool to early adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. L. PUTNICK, Auteur ; C. S. HAHN, Auteur ; C. HENDRICKS, Auteur ; Marc H. BORNSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.95-103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-concept  development  stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Self-concept has meaningful relations with psychological functioning and well-being across the life span. Hence, it is important to understand how and when individual differences in multiple domains of self-concept begin to stabilize and whether individual differences remain stable throughout childhood and adolescence and into early adulthood. METHODS: We assessed individuals' (N = 372) scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance self-concepts at five waves over 20 years from age 4 to age 24. RESULTS: In general, stability was large, but medium-sized estimates were obtained for some domains over longer (e.g., 6-year) intervals. Indirect effects from preschool to early adulthood were small, but from age 14 to 24 were medium to large. Stabilities maintained significance independent of family socioeconomic status and global self-worth. Stability estimates were similar for boys and girls except over adolescence for scholastic self-concept, which was more stable for girls than boys. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple domains of self-concept constitute stable individual-difference characteristics, independent of global feelings of self-worth. Individuals who have high or low self-concepts early in development tend to maintain their relative standing into early adulthood suggesting points of intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13107 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 [article] Developmental stability of scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance self-concepts from preschool to early adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. L. PUTNICK, Auteur ; C. S. HAHN, Auteur ; C. HENDRICKS, Auteur ; Marc H. BORNSTEIN, Auteur . - p.95-103. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.95-103 Mots-clés : Self-concept  development  stability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Self-concept has meaningful relations with psychological functioning and well-being across the life span. Hence, it is important to understand how and when individual differences in multiple domains of self-concept begin to stabilize and whether individual differences remain stable throughout childhood and adolescence and into early adulthood. METHODS: We assessed individuals' (N = 372) scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance self-concepts at five waves over 20 years from age 4 to age 24. RESULTS: In general, stability was large, but medium-sized estimates were obtained for some domains over longer (e.g., 6-year) intervals. Indirect effects from preschool to early adulthood were small, but from age 14 to 24 were medium to large. Stabilities maintained significance independent of family socioeconomic status and global self-worth. Stability estimates were similar for boys and girls except over adolescence for scholastic self-concept, which was more stable for girls than boys. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple domains of self-concept constitute stable individual-difference characteristics, independent of global feelings of self-worth. Individuals who have high or low self-concepts early in development tend to maintain their relative standing into early adulthood suggesting points of intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13107 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414

Adolescent childbirth, miscarriage, and abortion: associations with changes in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use / I. TUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.104-111 Titre : Adolescent childbirth, miscarriage, and abortion: associations with changes in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I. TUNG, Auteur ; Jordan BEARDSLEE, Auteur ; Dustin A. PARDINI, Auteur ; T. CHUNG, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; A. E. HIPWELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.104-111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  alcohol use  pregnancy  substance use  teenage mothers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Adolescent girls who become pregnant demonstrate greater risk for substance use than same-aged peers. However, it remains unclear how risk relates to normative changes in adolescence. Few studies have examined adolescent substance use changes before, during, and after pregnancy and considered how pregnancy outcomes (childbirth, miscarriage, abortion) differentially influence substance use changes. The present study examined associations between different adolescent pregnancy outcomes and within-person changes in substance use from prepregnancy to postpregnancy. METHODS: Participants included 2,450 girls (52% Black) oversampled from low-income urban neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, PA. Participants self-reported pregnancy outcomes and substance use frequency (alcohol, cigarette, marijuana) annually from ages 11-20. Fixed effects regressions focused on first births, first miscarriages, and first abortions occurring from ages 12-19 to test the associations between pregnancy outcomes and within-individual changes in substance use from prepregnancy to postpregnancy. By design, models controlled for all potential time-stable confounds, and models included age and subsequent pregnancies as time-varying covariates. RESULTS: Consistent with prior studies, girls who became pregnant (20%) reported greater early risk for substance use problems than never-pregnant adolescents, including earlier age of onset and more regular marijuana and cigarette use. Childbirth predicted a 26%-51% within-individual reduction in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use that remained significantly lower than prepregnancy levels after childbirth. Alcohol and marijuana use decreased (32%-47%) after miscarriage. Abortion was not associated with long-term changes in substance use; however, marijuana and cigarette use gradually increased (44%-46%) in the years leading up to the year of and after abortion, respectively, before returning to prepregnancy levels. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight important differences in adolescent substance use patterns based on pregnancy outcome. For pregnant adolescents with heightened pre-existing risk for substance use, pregnancy may be a window of opportunity for substance use screening and behavioral intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13112 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 [article] Adolescent childbirth, miscarriage, and abortion: associations with changes in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I. TUNG, Auteur ; Jordan BEARDSLEE, Auteur ; Dustin A. PARDINI, Auteur ; T. CHUNG, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; A. E. HIPWELL, Auteur . - p.104-111. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.104-111 Mots-clés : Adolescence  alcohol use  pregnancy  substance use  teenage mothers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Adolescent girls who become pregnant demonstrate greater risk for substance use than same-aged peers. However, it remains unclear how risk relates to normative changes in adolescence. Few studies have examined adolescent substance use changes before, during, and after pregnancy and considered how pregnancy outcomes (childbirth, miscarriage, abortion) differentially influence substance use changes. The present study examined associations between different adolescent pregnancy outcomes and within-person changes in substance use from prepregnancy to postpregnancy. METHODS: Participants included 2,450 girls (52% Black) oversampled from low-income urban neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, PA. Participants self-reported pregnancy outcomes and substance use frequency (alcohol, cigarette, marijuana) annually from ages 11-20. Fixed effects regressions focused on first births, first miscarriages, and first abortions occurring from ages 12-19 to test the associations between pregnancy outcomes and within-individual changes in substance use from prepregnancy to postpregnancy. By design, models controlled for all potential time-stable confounds, and models included age and subsequent pregnancies as time-varying covariates. RESULTS: Consistent with prior studies, girls who became pregnant (20%) reported greater early risk for substance use problems than never-pregnant adolescents, including earlier age of onset and more regular marijuana and cigarette use. Childbirth predicted a 26%-51% within-individual reduction in alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use that remained significantly lower than prepregnancy levels after childbirth. Alcohol and marijuana use decreased (32%-47%) after miscarriage. Abortion was not associated with long-term changes in substance use; however, marijuana and cigarette use gradually increased (44%-46%) in the years leading up to the year of and after abortion, respectively, before returning to prepregnancy levels. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight important differences in adolescent substance use patterns based on pregnancy outcome. For pregnant adolescents with heightened pre-existing risk for substance use, pregnancy may be a window of opportunity for substance use screening and behavioral intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13112 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414