Dépouillements

INSAR Special Interest Group Report: Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for Future Research on Autism, Sexuality, and Intimate Relationships / Jeroen DEWINTER in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1248-1257 Titre : INSAR Special Interest Group Report: Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for Future Research on Autism, Sexuality, and Intimate Relationships Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeroen DEWINTER, Auteur ; Anna I. R. VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur ; Laura Graham HOLMES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1248-1257 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  community-based participatory research  education  gender identity  health  quality of life  sexuality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The number of empirical studies on sexuality and intimate relationships in autistic people has grown over the last years with the increasing awareness that sexuality and intimate relationships are an important part of life and well-being for autistic people. Further, expression and enjoyment of sexuality is a fundamental, basic human right. This paper reports on needs for future research in this area based on the input of autistic adults, researchers, and other stakeholders (e.g., parents and professionals). Utilizing the nominal group technique, 65 individuals participated in eight groups in which they brainstormed on research questions they deemed most important. Responses were categorized into themes and ranked according to importance based on the level of priority attributed by participants. Findings suggest that future research should focus on developing ways to support sexual and relationship well-being and getting a better understanding of sexuality and relationships in autistic people. Also, attention was drawn to the need for studying the influence of stereotypical societal views, and stigma. Finally, the importance of participatory research to include perspectives of autistic people in research and practice was stressed. LAY SUMMARY: Sexuality and romantic relationships are part of daily life for most people, including autistic people. For this study, groups of autistic people, professionals, and autism researchers discussed which research on autism, sexuality, and relationships is needed and can help autistic adolescents and adults. The group discussions revealed that more research is needed on how to support well-being relating to romantic relationships and sexuality in autistic people and how the people around them can contribute to this. Therefore, we also need to learn more about how autistic people of all ages and throughout their lives experience sexuality and relationships. Finally, the need for attention to the role of stereotypical ideas and stigma about autism, sexuality, and relationships was pointed out. Attention to the experiences of autistic people can help professionals, researchers, and policy makers to offer and organize attuned support and do relevant research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1248-1257. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2340 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] INSAR Special Interest Group Report: Stakeholder Perspectives on Priorities for Future Research on Autism, Sexuality, and Intimate Relationships [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeroen DEWINTER, Auteur ; Anna I. R. VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur ; Laura Graham HOLMES, Auteur . - p.1248-1257. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1248-1257 Mots-clés : autism  community-based participatory research  education  gender identity  health  quality of life  sexuality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The number of empirical studies on sexuality and intimate relationships in autistic people has grown over the last years with the increasing awareness that sexuality and intimate relationships are an important part of life and well-being for autistic people. Further, expression and enjoyment of sexuality is a fundamental, basic human right. This paper reports on needs for future research in this area based on the input of autistic adults, researchers, and other stakeholders (e.g., parents and professionals). Utilizing the nominal group technique, 65 individuals participated in eight groups in which they brainstormed on research questions they deemed most important. Responses were categorized into themes and ranked according to importance based on the level of priority attributed by participants. Findings suggest that future research should focus on developing ways to support sexual and relationship well-being and getting a better understanding of sexuality and relationships in autistic people. Also, attention was drawn to the need for studying the influence of stereotypical societal views, and stigma. Finally, the importance of participatory research to include perspectives of autistic people in research and practice was stressed. LAY SUMMARY: Sexuality and romantic relationships are part of daily life for most people, including autistic people. For this study, groups of autistic people, professionals, and autism researchers discussed which research on autism, sexuality, and relationships is needed and can help autistic adolescents and adults. The group discussions revealed that more research is needed on how to support well-being relating to romantic relationships and sexuality in autistic people and how the people around them can contribute to this. Therefore, we also need to learn more about how autistic people of all ages and throughout their lives experience sexuality and relationships. Finally, the need for attention to the role of stereotypical ideas and stigma about autism, sexuality, and relationships was pointed out. Attention to the experiences of autistic people can help professionals, researchers, and policy makers to offer and organize attuned support and do relevant research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1248-1257. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2340 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Untargeted Metabolomics Screen of Mid-pregnancy Maternal Serum and Autism in Offspring / Beate RITZ in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1258-1269 Titre : Untargeted Metabolomics Screen of Mid-pregnancy Maternal Serum and Autism in Offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Beate RITZ, Auteur ; Qi YAN, Auteur ; Karan UPPAL, Auteur ; Zeyan LIEW, Auteur ; Xin CUI, Auteur ; Chenxiao LING, Auteur ; Kosuke INOUE, Auteur ; Ondine VON EHRENSTEIN, Auteur ; Douglas I. WALKER, Auteur ; Dean P. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1258-1269 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  high-resolution metabolomics  mid-pregnancy serum  steroid hormones Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Discovering pathophysiologic networks in a blood-based approach may help to generate valuable tools for early treatment or preventive measures in autism. To date targeted or untargeted metabolomics approaches to identify metabolic features and pathways affecting fetal neurodevelopment have rarely been applied to pregnancy samples, that is, an early period potentially relevant for the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We conducted a population-based study relying on autism diagnoses retrieved from California Department of Developmental Services record. After linking cases to and sampling controls from birth certificates, we retrieved stored maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples collected as part of the California Prenatal Screening Program from the California Biobank for children born 2004 to 2010 in the central valley of California. We retrieved serum for 52 mothers whose children developed autism and 62 population controls originally selected from all eligible children matched by birth year and child's sex. Also, we required that these mothers were relatively low or unexposed to air pollution and select pesticides during early pregnancy. We identified differences in metabolite levels in several metabolic pathways, including glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and metabolism, N-glycan and pyrimidine metabolism, bile acid pathways and, importantly, C21-steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. Disturbances in these pathways have been shown to be relevant for neurodevelopment in rare genetic syndromes or implicated in previous studies of autism. This study provides new insight into maternal mid-pregnancy metabolic features possibly related to the development of autism and an incentive to explore whether these pathways and metabolites are useful for early diagnosis, treatment, or prevention. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that in mid-pregnancy the blood of mothers who give birth to a child that develops autism has some characteristic features that are different from those of blood samples taken from control mothers. These features are related to biologic mechanisms that can affect fetal brain development. In the future, these insights may help identify biomarkers for early autism diagnosis and treatment or preventive measures. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1258-1269. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Untargeted Metabolomics Screen of Mid-pregnancy Maternal Serum and Autism in Offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Beate RITZ, Auteur ; Qi YAN, Auteur ; Karan UPPAL, Auteur ; Zeyan LIEW, Auteur ; Xin CUI, Auteur ; Chenxiao LING, Auteur ; Kosuke INOUE, Auteur ; Ondine VON EHRENSTEIN, Auteur ; Douglas I. WALKER, Auteur ; Dean P. JONES, Auteur . - p.1258-1269. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1258-1269 Mots-clés : autism  high-resolution metabolomics  mid-pregnancy serum  steroid hormones Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Discovering pathophysiologic networks in a blood-based approach may help to generate valuable tools for early treatment or preventive measures in autism. To date targeted or untargeted metabolomics approaches to identify metabolic features and pathways affecting fetal neurodevelopment have rarely been applied to pregnancy samples, that is, an early period potentially relevant for the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We conducted a population-based study relying on autism diagnoses retrieved from California Department of Developmental Services record. After linking cases to and sampling controls from birth certificates, we retrieved stored maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples collected as part of the California Prenatal Screening Program from the California Biobank for children born 2004 to 2010 in the central valley of California. We retrieved serum for 52 mothers whose children developed autism and 62 population controls originally selected from all eligible children matched by birth year and child's sex. Also, we required that these mothers were relatively low or unexposed to air pollution and select pesticides during early pregnancy. We identified differences in metabolite levels in several metabolic pathways, including glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and metabolism, N-glycan and pyrimidine metabolism, bile acid pathways and, importantly, C21-steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. Disturbances in these pathways have been shown to be relevant for neurodevelopment in rare genetic syndromes or implicated in previous studies of autism. This study provides new insight into maternal mid-pregnancy metabolic features possibly related to the development of autism and an incentive to explore whether these pathways and metabolites are useful for early diagnosis, treatment, or prevention. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that in mid-pregnancy the blood of mothers who give birth to a child that develops autism has some characteristic features that are different from those of blood samples taken from control mothers. These features are related to biologic mechanisms that can affect fetal brain development. In the future, these insights may help identify biomarkers for early autism diagnosis and treatment or preventive measures. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1258-1269. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

A Metabolomics Approach to Screening for Autism Risk in the Children's Autism Metabolome Project / Alan M. SMITH in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1270-1285 Titre : A Metabolomics Approach to Screening for Autism Risk in the Children's Autism Metabolome Project Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alan M. SMITH, Auteur ; Marvin R. NATOWICZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRAAS, Auteur ; Michael A. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Denise M. NEY, Auteur ; Elizabeth L. R. DONLEY, Auteur ; Robert E. BURRIER, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1270-1285 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amino acids  autism spectrum disorder  biomarkers  energy metabolism  metabolomics  mitochondria  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is biologically and behaviorally heterogeneous. Delayed diagnosis of ASD is common and problematic. The complexity of ASD and the low sensitivity of available screening tools are key factors in delayed diagnosis. Identification of biomarkers that reduce complexity through stratification into reliable subpopulations can assist in earlier diagnosis, provide insight into the biology of ASD, and potentially suggest targeted interventions. Quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed on plasma samples from 708 fasting children, aged 18 to 48?months, enrolled in the Children's Autism Metabolome Project (CAMP). The primary goal was to identify alterations in metabolism helpful in stratifying ASD subjects into subpopulations with shared metabolic phenotypes (i.e., metabotypes). Metabotypes associated with ASD were identified in a discovery set of 357 subjects. The reproducibility of the metabotypes was validated in an independent replication set of 351 CAMP subjects. Thirty-four candidate metabotypes that differentiated subsets of ASD from typically developing participants were identified with sensitivity of at least 5% and specificity greater than 95%. The 34 metabotypes formed six metabolic clusters based on ratios of either lactate or pyruvate, succinate, glycine, ornithine, 4-hydroxyproline, or ?-ketoglutarate with other metabolites. Optimization of a subset of new and previously defined metabotypes into a screening battery resulted in 53% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 48%-57%) and 91% specificity (95% CI, 86%-94%). Thus, our metabolomic screening tool detects more than 50% of the autistic participants in the CAMP study. Further development of this metabolomic screening approach may facilitate earlier referral and diagnosis of ASD and, ultimately, more targeted treatments. LAY SUMMARY: Analysis of a selected set of metabolites in blood samples from children with autism and typically developing children identified reproducible differences in the metabolism of about half of the children with autism. Testing for these differences in blood samples can be used to help screen children as young as 18?months for risk of autism that, in turn, can facilitate earlier diagnoses. In addition, differences may lead to biological insights that produce more precise treatment options. We are exploring other blood-based molecules to determine if still a higher percentage of children with autism can be detected using this strategy. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1270-1285. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] A Metabolomics Approach to Screening for Autism Risk in the Children's Autism Metabolome Project [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alan M. SMITH, Auteur ; Marvin R. NATOWICZ, Auteur ; Daniel BRAAS, Auteur ; Michael A. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Denise M. NEY, Auteur ; Elizabeth L. R. DONLEY, Auteur ; Robert E. BURRIER, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.1270-1285. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1270-1285 Mots-clés : amino acids  autism spectrum disorder  biomarkers  energy metabolism  metabolomics  mitochondria  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is biologically and behaviorally heterogeneous. Delayed diagnosis of ASD is common and problematic. The complexity of ASD and the low sensitivity of available screening tools are key factors in delayed diagnosis. Identification of biomarkers that reduce complexity through stratification into reliable subpopulations can assist in earlier diagnosis, provide insight into the biology of ASD, and potentially suggest targeted interventions. Quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed on plasma samples from 708 fasting children, aged 18 to 48?months, enrolled in the Children's Autism Metabolome Project (CAMP). The primary goal was to identify alterations in metabolism helpful in stratifying ASD subjects into subpopulations with shared metabolic phenotypes (i.e., metabotypes). Metabotypes associated with ASD were identified in a discovery set of 357 subjects. The reproducibility of the metabotypes was validated in an independent replication set of 351 CAMP subjects. Thirty-four candidate metabotypes that differentiated subsets of ASD from typically developing participants were identified with sensitivity of at least 5% and specificity greater than 95%. The 34 metabotypes formed six metabolic clusters based on ratios of either lactate or pyruvate, succinate, glycine, ornithine, 4-hydroxyproline, or ?-ketoglutarate with other metabolites. Optimization of a subset of new and previously defined metabotypes into a screening battery resulted in 53% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 48%-57%) and 91% specificity (95% CI, 86%-94%). Thus, our metabolomic screening tool detects more than 50% of the autistic participants in the CAMP study. Further development of this metabolomic screening approach may facilitate earlier referral and diagnosis of ASD and, ultimately, more targeted treatments. LAY SUMMARY: Analysis of a selected set of metabolites in blood samples from children with autism and typically developing children identified reproducible differences in the metabolism of about half of the children with autism. Testing for these differences in blood samples can be used to help screen children as young as 18?months for risk of autism that, in turn, can facilitate earlier diagnoses. In addition, differences may lead to biological insights that produce more precise treatment options. We are exploring other blood-based molecules to determine if still a higher percentage of children with autism can be detected using this strategy. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1270-1285. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

The AutGO Initiative: A Conceptual Framework for Developing Genetics-Outcomes Research Hypotheses / Zohreh TALEBIZADEH in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1286-1299 Titre : The AutGO Initiative: A Conceptual Framework for Developing Genetics-Outcomes Research Hypotheses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zohreh TALEBIZADEH, Auteur ; Ayten SHAH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1286-1299 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  conceptual framework  genetics  engagement  outcomes  stakeholders  translational research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The increasing emphasis on translational approaches to complex neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions research requires scientists from a broad range of disciplines to build dynamic collaborations when formulating hypotheses and framing study designs. The need to integrate the knowledge and perspectives not only from multiple scientific silos but also from the populations impacted by these conditions presents a significant challenge to researchers, particularly for a heterogeneous condition like autism. As one path toward addressing these challenges, we have previously introduced Autism Genetics Outcomes (AutGO), an initiative to support broad stakeholder partnerships and promote a new integrated concept called GO (i.e., research approaches that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives). Herein, we developed a workflow for collecting stakeholders' feedback toward the development of a GO hypothesis. AutGO is an evolving initiative, and here we describe how its three essential components (conceptual framework, applicability, and implementation) have been developed. As a proof-of-concept, the AutGO team sought to demonstrate how a GO hypothesis could be developed using a semi-structured literature review workflow. We also developed a prototype from published reports and formulated a GO hypothesis for autism. Rather than seeking community stakeholder input after a research project is conceptualized and designed, the developed conceptual framework demonstrates the feasibility of formulating scientific hypotheses by engaging stakeholders in retrospective semi-structured literature reviews. The presented workflow, prototype, and discussed recommendations will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of applying the GO approach in order to promote translational aspects in genetics research. LAY SUMMARY: We used a community-based engagement approach to develop AutGO (Autism Genetics Outcomes), an initiative to establish stakeholder partnerships and to promote research approaches (we refer to as GO) that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives. Specifically, we developed a conceptual framework that includes a literature review process for developing GO hypotheses and stakeholder feedback collection protocol. Our work will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of integrating patient perspectives in genetics research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1286-1299. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] The AutGO Initiative: A Conceptual Framework for Developing Genetics-Outcomes Research Hypotheses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zohreh TALEBIZADEH, Auteur ; Ayten SHAH, Auteur . - p.1286-1299. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1286-1299 Mots-clés : autism  conceptual framework  genetics  engagement  outcomes  stakeholders  translational research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The increasing emphasis on translational approaches to complex neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions research requires scientists from a broad range of disciplines to build dynamic collaborations when formulating hypotheses and framing study designs. The need to integrate the knowledge and perspectives not only from multiple scientific silos but also from the populations impacted by these conditions presents a significant challenge to researchers, particularly for a heterogeneous condition like autism. As one path toward addressing these challenges, we have previously introduced Autism Genetics Outcomes (AutGO), an initiative to support broad stakeholder partnerships and promote a new integrated concept called GO (i.e., research approaches that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives). Herein, we developed a workflow for collecting stakeholders' feedback toward the development of a GO hypothesis. AutGO is an evolving initiative, and here we describe how its three essential components (conceptual framework, applicability, and implementation) have been developed. As a proof-of-concept, the AutGO team sought to demonstrate how a GO hypothesis could be developed using a semi-structured literature review workflow. We also developed a prototype from published reports and formulated a GO hypothesis for autism. Rather than seeking community stakeholder input after a research project is conceptualized and designed, the developed conceptual framework demonstrates the feasibility of formulating scientific hypotheses by engaging stakeholders in retrospective semi-structured literature reviews. The presented workflow, prototype, and discussed recommendations will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of applying the GO approach in order to promote translational aspects in genetics research. LAY SUMMARY: We used a community-based engagement approach to develop AutGO (Autism Genetics Outcomes), an initiative to establish stakeholder partnerships and to promote research approaches (we refer to as GO) that draw on both genetics and clinical outcomes perspectives. Specifically, we developed a conceptual framework that includes a literature review process for developing GO hypotheses and stakeholder feedback collection protocol. Our work will bring awareness in the autism research community about the benefits of integrating patient perspectives in genetics research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1286-1299. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Evaluating heterogeneity in ASD symptomatology, cognitive ability, and adaptive functioning among 16p11.2 CNV carriers / Caitlin M. HUDAC in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1300-1310 Titre : Evaluating heterogeneity in ASD symptomatology, cognitive ability, and adaptive functioning among 16p11.2 CNV carriers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Caitlin M. HUDAC, Auteur ; Joanna BOVE, Auteur ; Shelley BARBER, Auteur ; Michael DUYZEND, Auteur ; Ari WALLACE, Auteur ; Christa Lese MARTIN, Auteur ; David H. LEDBETTER, Auteur ; Ellen HANSON, Auteur ; Robin P GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; LeeAnne GREEN SNYDER, Auteur ; Wendy K. CHUNG, Auteur ; Evan E. EICHLER, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1300-1310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 16p11.2 deletion  16p11.2 duplication  adaptive functioning  autism spectrum disorder  cognitive functioning  individual variability/heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with 16p11.2 copy number variant (CNV) show considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reported in approximately 20-23% of individuals with 16p11.2 CNVs, ASD-associated symptoms are observed in those without a clinical ASD diagnosis. Previous work has shown that genetic variation and prenatal and perinatal birth complications influence ASD risk and symptom severity. This study examined the impact of genetic and environmental risk factors on phenotypic heterogeneity among 16p11.2 CNV carriers. Participants included individuals with a 16p11.2 deletion (N = 96) or duplication (N = 77) with exome sequencing from the Simons VIP study. The presence of prenatal factors, perinatal events, additional genetic events, and gender was studied. Regression analyses examined the contribution of each risk factor on ASD symptomatology, cognitive functioning, and adaptive abilities. For deletion carriers, perinatal and additional genetic events were associated with increased ASD symptomatology and decrements in cognitive and adaptive functioning. For duplication carriers, secondary genetic events were associated with greater cognitive impairments. Being female sex was a protective factor for both deletion and duplication carriers. Our findings suggest that ASD-associated risk factors contribute to the variability in symptom presentation in individuals with 16p11.2 CNVs. LAY SUMMARY: There are a wide range of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and abilities observed for individuals with genetic changes of the 16p11.2 region. Here, we found perinatal complications contributed to more severe ASD symptoms (deletion carriers) and additional genetic mutations contributed to decreased cognitive abilities (deletion and duplication carriers). A potential protective factor was also observed for females with 16p11.2 variations. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1300-1310. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2332 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Evaluating heterogeneity in ASD symptomatology, cognitive ability, and adaptive functioning among 16p11.2 CNV carriers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Caitlin M. HUDAC, Auteur ; Joanna BOVE, Auteur ; Shelley BARBER, Auteur ; Michael DUYZEND, Auteur ; Ari WALLACE, Auteur ; Christa Lese MARTIN, Auteur ; David H. LEDBETTER, Auteur ; Ellen HANSON, Auteur ; Robin P GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur ; LeeAnne GREEN SNYDER, Auteur ; Wendy K. CHUNG, Auteur ; Evan E. EICHLER, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur . - p.1300-1310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1300-1310 Mots-clés : 16p11.2 deletion  16p11.2 duplication  adaptive functioning  autism spectrum disorder  cognitive functioning  individual variability/heterogeneity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with 16p11.2 copy number variant (CNV) show considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reported in approximately 20-23% of individuals with 16p11.2 CNVs, ASD-associated symptoms are observed in those without a clinical ASD diagnosis. Previous work has shown that genetic variation and prenatal and perinatal birth complications influence ASD risk and symptom severity. This study examined the impact of genetic and environmental risk factors on phenotypic heterogeneity among 16p11.2 CNV carriers. Participants included individuals with a 16p11.2 deletion (N = 96) or duplication (N = 77) with exome sequencing from the Simons VIP study. The presence of prenatal factors, perinatal events, additional genetic events, and gender was studied. Regression analyses examined the contribution of each risk factor on ASD symptomatology, cognitive functioning, and adaptive abilities. For deletion carriers, perinatal and additional genetic events were associated with increased ASD symptomatology and decrements in cognitive and adaptive functioning. For duplication carriers, secondary genetic events were associated with greater cognitive impairments. Being female sex was a protective factor for both deletion and duplication carriers. Our findings suggest that ASD-associated risk factors contribute to the variability in symptom presentation in individuals with 16p11.2 CNVs. LAY SUMMARY: There are a wide range of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and abilities observed for individuals with genetic changes of the 16p11.2 region. Here, we found perinatal complications contributed to more severe ASD symptoms (deletion carriers) and additional genetic mutations contributed to decreased cognitive abilities (deletion and duplication carriers). A potential protective factor was also observed for females with 16p11.2 variations. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1300-1310. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2332 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model / Hafiz M. MAHMOOD in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1311-1334 Titre : The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hafiz M. MAHMOOD, Auteur ; Hesham M. ALDHALAAN, Auteur ; Tahani K. ALSHAMMARI, Auteur ; Mashael A. ALQASEM, Auteur ; Musaad A. ALSHAMMARI, Auteur ; Norah A. ALBEKAIRI, Auteur ; Shakir D. ALSHARARI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1311-1334 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : BTBR T?+?tf/J  autism  nicotine  nicotinic receptor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T?+?tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism. These behavioral tests included the three-chamber social interaction, self-grooming, marble burying, locomotor activity, and rotarod test. We examined the effect of various oral doses of nicotine (50, 100, and 400 mcg/mL; po) over a period of 2?weeks in BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model. The results indicated that the chronic administration of nicotine modulated sociability and repetitive behavior in BTBR T?+?tf/J mice while no effects observed in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, the nonselective nAChR antagonist, mecamylamine, reversed nicotine effects on sociability and increased repetitive behaviors in BTBR T?+?tf/J mice. Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model. LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1311-1334. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2342 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] The Role of Nicotinic Receptors in the Attenuation of Autism-Related Behaviors in a Murine BTBR T + tf/J Autistic Model [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hafiz M. MAHMOOD, Auteur ; Hesham M. ALDHALAAN, Auteur ; Tahani K. ALSHAMMARI, Auteur ; Mashael A. ALQASEM, Auteur ; Musaad A. ALSHAMMARI, Auteur ; Norah A. ALBEKAIRI, Auteur ; Shakir D. ALSHARARI, Auteur . - p.1311-1334. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1311-1334 Mots-clés : BTBR T?+?tf/J  autism  nicotine  nicotinic receptor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nicotinic receptors are distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Postmortem studies have reported that some nicotinic receptor subtypes are altered in the brains of autistic people. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the autistic behavior of BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model of autism. This study was undertaken to examine the behavioral effects of targeted nAChRs using pharmacological ligands, including nicotine and mecamylamine in BTBR T?+?tf/J and C57BL/6J mice in a panel of behavioral tests relating to autism. These behavioral tests included the three-chamber social interaction, self-grooming, marble burying, locomotor activity, and rotarod test. We examined the effect of various oral doses of nicotine (50, 100, and 400 mcg/mL; po) over a period of 2?weeks in BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model. The results indicated that the chronic administration of nicotine modulated sociability and repetitive behavior in BTBR T?+?tf/J mice while no effects observed in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, the nonselective nAChR antagonist, mecamylamine, reversed nicotine effects on sociability and increased repetitive behaviors in BTBR T?+?tf/J mice. Overall, the findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of nicotinic receptors is involved in modulating core behavioral phenotypes in the BTBR T?+?tf/J mouse model. LAY SUMMARY: The involvement of brain nicotinic neurotransmission system plays a crucial role in regulating autism-related behavioral features. In addition, the brain of the autistic-like mouse model has a low acetylcholine level. Here, we report that nicotine, at certain doses, improved sociability and reduced repetitive behaviors in a mouse model of autism, implicating the potential therapeutic values of a pharmacological intervention targeting nicotinic receptors for autism therapy. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1311-1334. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2342 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Exploring Social Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study / Mirko ULJAREVIC in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1335-1342 Titre : Exploring Social Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Jennifer M. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Rachel K. SCHUCK, Auteur ; Salena SCHAPP, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. SOLOMON, Auteur ; Emma SALZMAN, Auteur ; Lauren ALLERHAND, Auteur ; Robin A. LIBOVE, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1335-1342 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  individual differences  social motivation  social processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social functioning are considered a hallmark diagnostic feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, individuals diagnosed with ASD vary widely with respect to specific presentation, severity, and course across different dimensions of this complex symptom domain. The aim of this investigation was to utilize the Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS), a newly developed quantitative measure providing parental perspective on their child's social abilities, in order to explore the existence of homogeneous subgroups of ASD individuals who share unique profiles across specific dimensions of the social domain. Parents of 164 individuals with ASD (35 females, 129 males; mean(age) = 7.54?years, SD = 3.85) completed the SSDS, the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Data on children's verbal and nonverbal intellectual functioning (FSIQ) were also collected. The Latent Profile Analysis was used to classify participants according to the pattern of SSDS subscale scores (Social Motivation, Social Affiliation, Expressive Social Communication, Social Recognition, and Unusual Approach). Five profiles were identified. Profiles did not differ in terms of chronological age nor gender distribution but showed distinct patterns of strengths and weaknesses across different social components rather than simply reflecting a severity gradient. Profiles were further differentiated in terms of cognitive ability, as well as ASD and internalizing symptom severity. The implications of current findings and the necessary further steps toward identifying subgroups of individuals with ASD who share particular constellation of strengths and weaknesses across key social domains as a way of informing personalized interventions are discussed. Autism Res 2020. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary greatly in terms of their social abilities and social motivation. However, researchers lack measures that can fully assess different components of social functioning. This paper provides initial evidence for capturing subgroups of individuals with ASD with specific strengths and weakness across different aspects of social functioning. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1335-1342. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Exploring Social Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Jennifer M. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Rachel K. SCHUCK, Auteur ; Salena SCHAPP, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. SOLOMON, Auteur ; Emma SALZMAN, Auteur ; Lauren ALLERHAND, Auteur ; Robin A. LIBOVE, Auteur ; Thomas W FRAZIER, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur . - p.1335-1342. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1335-1342 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  individual differences  social motivation  social processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in social functioning are considered a hallmark diagnostic feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, individuals diagnosed with ASD vary widely with respect to specific presentation, severity, and course across different dimensions of this complex symptom domain. The aim of this investigation was to utilize the Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS), a newly developed quantitative measure providing parental perspective on their child's social abilities, in order to explore the existence of homogeneous subgroups of ASD individuals who share unique profiles across specific dimensions of the social domain. Parents of 164 individuals with ASD (35 females, 129 males; mean(age) = 7.54?years, SD = 3.85) completed the SSDS, the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Data on children's verbal and nonverbal intellectual functioning (FSIQ) were also collected. The Latent Profile Analysis was used to classify participants according to the pattern of SSDS subscale scores (Social Motivation, Social Affiliation, Expressive Social Communication, Social Recognition, and Unusual Approach). Five profiles were identified. Profiles did not differ in terms of chronological age nor gender distribution but showed distinct patterns of strengths and weaknesses across different social components rather than simply reflecting a severity gradient. Profiles were further differentiated in terms of cognitive ability, as well as ASD and internalizing symptom severity. The implications of current findings and the necessary further steps toward identifying subgroups of individuals with ASD who share particular constellation of strengths and weaknesses across key social domains as a way of informing personalized interventions are discussed. Autism Res 2020. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary greatly in terms of their social abilities and social motivation. However, researchers lack measures that can fully assess different components of social functioning. This paper provides initial evidence for capturing subgroups of individuals with ASD with specific strengths and weakness across different aspects of social functioning. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1335-1342. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Gender Differences in Emotion Dysregulation in an Autism Inpatient Psychiatric Sample / Andrea TRUBANOVA WIECKOWSKI in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1343-1348 Titre : Gender Differences in Emotion Dysregulation in an Autism Inpatient Psychiatric Sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrea TRUBANOVA WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Stephanie LUALLIN, Auteur ; Zhaoxing PAN, Auteur ; Giulia RIGHI, Auteur ; Robin L. GABRIELS, Auteur ; Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1343-1348 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Inpatient Collection  autism spectrum disorder  emotion regulation  gender differences  psychiatric inpatients Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a wide range of emotion regulation (ER)-related impairment observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems. Although the importance of ER is widely acknowledged in the ASD literature, little is known about factors associated with variability in ER impairment. Given the identified gender differences in ASD, gender may be a potential contributor to ER. This study examined gender differences in ER in an ASD inpatient psychiatric sample (n = 722; 146 females) aged 4-20?years, collected as part of the Autism Inpatient Collection. In addition, the study investigated whether age, nonverbal intelligence quotient (NVIQ), or verbal ability moderate the association between ER and gender. While both male and female inpatients with ASD presented with clinically elevated emotion dysregulation compared to general population norms, results suggest that female psychiatric inpatients have more severe dysregulation, including higher reactivity and dysphoria, than inpatient males. NVIQ and verbal ability did not moderate the association between gender and ER. Age moderated the association between gender and ER, with greater gender difference seen in older individuals, but only for dysphoria. However, overall, these effects were small. Improved understanding of ER presentation in males and females with ASD is critical, as these symptoms may differentially impact individuals with ASD and may warrant a different treatment emphasis. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has identified several gender differences in presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, as well as difficulties with emotion regulation in individuals with ASD. In order to better understand the factors that may contribute to emotion regulation in ASD, this study examined whether psychiatrically hospitalized males and females with ASD differed in emotion regulation and what factors influenced the differences. Results suggest that females with ASD have slightly but significantly more difficulty with emotion regulation compared to males. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1343-1348. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Gender Differences in Emotion Dysregulation in an Autism Inpatient Psychiatric Sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrea TRUBANOVA WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Stephanie LUALLIN, Auteur ; Zhaoxing PAN, Auteur ; Giulia RIGHI, Auteur ; Robin L. GABRIELS, Auteur ; Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.1343-1348. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1343-1348 Mots-clés : Autism Inpatient Collection  autism spectrum disorder  emotion regulation  gender differences  psychiatric inpatients Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a wide range of emotion regulation (ER)-related impairment observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems. Although the importance of ER is widely acknowledged in the ASD literature, little is known about factors associated with variability in ER impairment. Given the identified gender differences in ASD, gender may be a potential contributor to ER. This study examined gender differences in ER in an ASD inpatient psychiatric sample (n = 722; 146 females) aged 4-20?years, collected as part of the Autism Inpatient Collection. In addition, the study investigated whether age, nonverbal intelligence quotient (NVIQ), or verbal ability moderate the association between ER and gender. While both male and female inpatients with ASD presented with clinically elevated emotion dysregulation compared to general population norms, results suggest that female psychiatric inpatients have more severe dysregulation, including higher reactivity and dysphoria, than inpatient males. NVIQ and verbal ability did not moderate the association between gender and ER. Age moderated the association between gender and ER, with greater gender difference seen in older individuals, but only for dysphoria. However, overall, these effects were small. Improved understanding of ER presentation in males and females with ASD is critical, as these symptoms may differentially impact individuals with ASD and may warrant a different treatment emphasis. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has identified several gender differences in presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, as well as difficulties with emotion regulation in individuals with ASD. In order to better understand the factors that may contribute to emotion regulation in ASD, this study examined whether psychiatrically hospitalized males and females with ASD differed in emotion regulation and what factors influenced the differences. Results suggest that females with ASD have slightly but significantly more difficulty with emotion regulation compared to males. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1343-1348. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2295 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism / Lacey CHETCUTI in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1349-1357 Titre : The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lacey CHETCUTI, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Ming Wai WAN, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Leonie SEGAL, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1349-1357 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  caregivers  infant  social-emotional difficulties  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent evidence suggests the link between caregiver psychological distress and offspring social-emotional difficulties may be accounted for by offspring temperament characteristics. However, existing studies have only focused on neurotypical children; thus, the current study sought to provide an initial examination of this process among children with varying levels of early autism features. Participants included 103 infants aged 9-16?months (M = 12.39, SD = 1.97; 68% male) and their primary caregiver (96% mothers) referred to a larger study by community healthcare professionals. We utilized caregiver-reported measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), infant temperament (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment) and administered the Autism Observation Schedule for Infants (AOSI) at an assessment visit to quantify autism features. Infant negative affectivity was found to mediate positive concurrent relations between caregiver psychological distress and infant internalizing and externalizing symptoms, irrespective of the infants' AOSI score. While preliminary and cross-sectional, these results replicate and extend previous findings suggesting that the pathway from caregiver psychological distress to negative affectivity to social-emotional difficulties might also be apparent among infants with varying levels of autism features. More rigorous tests of causal effects await future longitudinal investigation. LAY SUMMARY: Offspring of caregivers experiencing psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) may themselves be at increased risk of poor mental health outcomes. Several previous studies conducted with neurotypical children suggest that this link from caregiver-to-child may be facilitated by children's temperament qualities. This study was a preliminary cross-sectional exploration of these relationships in infants with features of autism. We found that infants' elevated negative emotions were involved in the relation between caregiver heightened psychological distress and children's mental health difficulties, consistent with neurotypical development. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1349-1357. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lacey CHETCUTI, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Ming Wai WAN, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Leonie SEGAL, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur . - p.1349-1357. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1349-1357 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  caregivers  infant  social-emotional difficulties  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent evidence suggests the link between caregiver psychological distress and offspring social-emotional difficulties may be accounted for by offspring temperament characteristics. However, existing studies have only focused on neurotypical children; thus, the current study sought to provide an initial examination of this process among children with varying levels of early autism features. Participants included 103 infants aged 9-16?months (M = 12.39, SD = 1.97; 68% male) and their primary caregiver (96% mothers) referred to a larger study by community healthcare professionals. We utilized caregiver-reported measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), infant temperament (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment) and administered the Autism Observation Schedule for Infants (AOSI) at an assessment visit to quantify autism features. Infant negative affectivity was found to mediate positive concurrent relations between caregiver psychological distress and infant internalizing and externalizing symptoms, irrespective of the infants' AOSI score. While preliminary and cross-sectional, these results replicate and extend previous findings suggesting that the pathway from caregiver psychological distress to negative affectivity to social-emotional difficulties might also be apparent among infants with varying levels of autism features. More rigorous tests of causal effects await future longitudinal investigation. LAY SUMMARY: Offspring of caregivers experiencing psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) may themselves be at increased risk of poor mental health outcomes. Several previous studies conducted with neurotypical children suggest that this link from caregiver-to-child may be facilitated by children's temperament qualities. This study was a preliminary cross-sectional exploration of these relationships in infants with features of autism. We found that infants' elevated negative emotions were involved in the relation between caregiver heightened psychological distress and children's mental health difficulties, consistent with neurotypical development. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1349-1357. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Recognition of Girls on the Autism Spectrum by Primary School Educators: An Experimental Study / Alana WHITLOCK in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1358-1372 Titre : Recognition of Girls on the Autism Spectrum by Primary School Educators: An Experimental Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alana WHITLOCK, Auteur ; Kate FULTON, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1358-1372 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  educator  female  gender  recognition  sex  stereotype  teacher Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism has long been considered a predominantly male condition. It is increasingly understood, however, that autistic females are under-recognized. This may reflect gender stereotyping, whereby symptoms are missed in females, because it is assumed that autism is mainly a male condition. Also, some autistic girls and women may go unrecognized because there is a "female autism phenotype" (i.e., a female-typical autism presentation), which does not fit current, male-centric views of autism. Potential biases shown by educators, in their role as gatekeepers for an autism assessment, may represent a barrier to the recognition of autism in females. We used vignettes describing autistic children to test: (a) whether gender stereotyping occurs, whereby educators rate males as more likely to be autistic, compared to females with identical symptoms; (b) whether recognition is affected by sex/gender influences on autistic presentation, whereby children showing the male autism phenotype are rated as more likely to be autistic than those with the female phenotype. Ratings by primary school educators showed a significant main effect of both gender and presentation (male phenotype vs. female phenotype) on estimations of the child in the vignette being autistic: respondents showed a bias against girls and the female autism phenotype. There was also an interaction: female gender had an effect on ratings of the female phenotype, but not on the male phenotype vignette. These findings suggest that primary school educators are less sensitive to autism in girls, through under-recognition of the female autism phenotype and a higher sensitivity to autism in males. LAY SUMMARY: Educators have an important role in identifying children who need an autism assessment, so gaps in their knowledge about how autism presents in girls could contribute to the under-diagnosis of autistic girls. By asking educators to identify autism when presented with fictional descriptions of children, this study found that educators were less able to recognize what autism "looks like" in girls. Also, when given identical descriptions of autistic boys and girls, educators were more likely to identify autism in boys. These results suggest that primary school educators might need extra help to improve the recognition of girls on the autism spectrum. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1358-1372. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2316 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Recognition of Girls on the Autism Spectrum by Primary School Educators: An Experimental Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alana WHITLOCK, Auteur ; Kate FULTON, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.1358-1372. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1358-1372 Mots-clés : autism  educator  female  gender  recognition  sex  stereotype  teacher Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism has long been considered a predominantly male condition. It is increasingly understood, however, that autistic females are under-recognized. This may reflect gender stereotyping, whereby symptoms are missed in females, because it is assumed that autism is mainly a male condition. Also, some autistic girls and women may go unrecognized because there is a "female autism phenotype" (i.e., a female-typical autism presentation), which does not fit current, male-centric views of autism. Potential biases shown by educators, in their role as gatekeepers for an autism assessment, may represent a barrier to the recognition of autism in females. We used vignettes describing autistic children to test: (a) whether gender stereotyping occurs, whereby educators rate males as more likely to be autistic, compared to females with identical symptoms; (b) whether recognition is affected by sex/gender influences on autistic presentation, whereby children showing the male autism phenotype are rated as more likely to be autistic than those with the female phenotype. Ratings by primary school educators showed a significant main effect of both gender and presentation (male phenotype vs. female phenotype) on estimations of the child in the vignette being autistic: respondents showed a bias against girls and the female autism phenotype. There was also an interaction: female gender had an effect on ratings of the female phenotype, but not on the male phenotype vignette. These findings suggest that primary school educators are less sensitive to autism in girls, through under-recognition of the female autism phenotype and a higher sensitivity to autism in males. LAY SUMMARY: Educators have an important role in identifying children who need an autism assessment, so gaps in their knowledge about how autism presents in girls could contribute to the under-diagnosis of autistic girls. By asking educators to identify autism when presented with fictional descriptions of children, this study found that educators were less able to recognize what autism "looks like" in girls. Also, when given identical descriptions of autistic boys and girls, educators were more likely to identify autism in boys. These results suggest that primary school educators might need extra help to improve the recognition of girls on the autism spectrum. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1358-1372. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2316 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

A Six-Minute Measure of Vocalizations in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Elena J. TENENBAUM in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1373-1382 Titre : A Six-Minute Measure of Vocalizations in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elena J. TENENBAUM, Auteur ; Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Jordan HASHEMI, Auteur ; Saritha VERMEER, Auteur ; Guillermo SAPIRO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1373-1382 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : developmental psychology  early detection  early signs  infants  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To improve early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we need objective, reliable, and accessible measures. To that end, a previous study demonstrated that a tablet-based application (app) that assessed several autism risk behaviors distinguished between toddlers with ASD and non-ASD toddlers. Using vocal data collected during this study, we investigated whether vocalizations uttered during administration of this app can distinguish among toddlers aged 16-31?months with typical development (TD), language or developmental delay (DLD), and ASD. Participant's visual and vocal responses were recorded using the camera and microphone in a tablet while toddlers watched movies designed to elicit behaviors associated with risk for ASD. Vocalizations were then coded offline. Results showed that (a) children with ASD and DLD were less likely to produce words during app administration than TD participants; (b) the ratio of syllabic vocalizations to all vocalizations was higher among TD than ASD or DLD participants; and (c) the rates of nonsyllabic vocalizations were higher in the ASD group than in either the TD or DLD groups. Those producing more nonsyllabic vocalizations were 24 times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD. These results lend support to previous findings that early vocalizations might be useful in identifying risk for ASD in toddlers and demonstrate the feasibility of using a scalable tablet-based app for assessing vocalizations in the context of a routine pediatric visit. LAY SUMMARY: Although parents often report symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in infancy, we are not yet reliably diagnosing ASD until much later in development. A previous study tested a tablet-based application (app) that recorded behaviors we know are associated with ASD to help identify children at risk for the disorder. Here we measured how children vocalize while they watched the movies presented on the tablet. Children with ASD were less likely to produce words, less likely to produce speechlike sounds, and more likely to produce atypical sounds while watching these movies. These measures, combined with other behaviors measured by the app, might help identify which children should be evaluated for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1373-1382. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2293 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] A Six-Minute Measure of Vocalizations in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elena J. TENENBAUM, Auteur ; Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Jordan HASHEMI, Auteur ; Saritha VERMEER, Auteur ; Guillermo SAPIRO, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur . - p.1373-1382. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1373-1382 Mots-clés : developmental psychology  early detection  early signs  infants  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To improve early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we need objective, reliable, and accessible measures. To that end, a previous study demonstrated that a tablet-based application (app) that assessed several autism risk behaviors distinguished between toddlers with ASD and non-ASD toddlers. Using vocal data collected during this study, we investigated whether vocalizations uttered during administration of this app can distinguish among toddlers aged 16-31?months with typical development (TD), language or developmental delay (DLD), and ASD. Participant's visual and vocal responses were recorded using the camera and microphone in a tablet while toddlers watched movies designed to elicit behaviors associated with risk for ASD. Vocalizations were then coded offline. Results showed that (a) children with ASD and DLD were less likely to produce words during app administration than TD participants; (b) the ratio of syllabic vocalizations to all vocalizations was higher among TD than ASD or DLD participants; and (c) the rates of nonsyllabic vocalizations were higher in the ASD group than in either the TD or DLD groups. Those producing more nonsyllabic vocalizations were 24 times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD. These results lend support to previous findings that early vocalizations might be useful in identifying risk for ASD in toddlers and demonstrate the feasibility of using a scalable tablet-based app for assessing vocalizations in the context of a routine pediatric visit. LAY SUMMARY: Although parents often report symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in infancy, we are not yet reliably diagnosing ASD until much later in development. A previous study tested a tablet-based application (app) that recorded behaviors we know are associated with ASD to help identify children at risk for the disorder. Here we measured how children vocalize while they watched the movies presented on the tablet. Children with ASD were less likely to produce words, less likely to produce speechlike sounds, and more likely to produce atypical sounds while watching these movies. These measures, combined with other behaviors measured by the app, might help identify which children should be evaluated for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1373-1382. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2293 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Psychometric Study of the Social Responsiveness Scale in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome / Kellie GERGOUDIS in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1383-1396 Titre : Psychometric Study of the Social Responsiveness Scale in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kellie GERGOUDIS, Auteur ; Alan WEINBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan TEMPLIN, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur ; Alison DURKIN, Auteur ; Jordana WEISSMAN, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Jennifer FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Maria DEL PILAR TRELLES, Auteur ; Jonathan A. BERNSTEIN, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur ; Mustafa SAHIN, Auteur ; Latha SOORYA, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1383-1396 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Item Response Theory  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  autism spectrum disorder  behavioral measures  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) is a quantitative measure used to characterize symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, research suggests that SRS-2 scores are significantly influenced by language ability and intellectual disability (ID). Efforts to refine the SRS-2 by Sturm, Kuhfeld, Kasari, and Mccracken [Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(9), 1053-1061] yielded a shortened form, yet its psychometric properties in populations with severe ID remain unknown. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the SRS-2 in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a genetic condition associated with ASD and ID, thereby guiding score interpretation in this population and future development of targeted scales. Analyses, including Item Response Theory (IRT), were conducted on a sample of individuals with PMS (n =?91) recruited at six sites nationally. Psychometric properties evaluated include measures of reliability (internal consistency, test-retest reliability) and validity (structural, construct, content). While both SRS-2 forms are reliable, the shortened SRS-2 shows superior validity to the full SRS-2 for measuring ASD symptoms in PMS. On IRT analysis, the shortened SRS-2 shows excellent discrimination and precisely evaluates respondents across a wide range of ASD symptomatology but interpretation is limited by uncertain content validity and small sample size. The shortened SRS-2 shows some promise for use in PMS, but future refinements and additions are needed to develop items that are tailored to identify ASD in children with severe ID and specifically PMS. LAY SUMMARY: This study determined that a shortened form of the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) shows both promise and limitations for the characterization of autism symptomatology in individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a population characterized by intellectual disability (ID). Caution should be used when interpreting SRS-2 scores in individuals with ID and future research should modify existing items and develop new items to improve the SRS-2's ability to accurately characterize autism symptomatology in PMS. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1383-1396. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Psychometric Study of the Social Responsiveness Scale in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kellie GERGOUDIS, Auteur ; Alan WEINBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan TEMPLIN, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur ; Alison DURKIN, Auteur ; Jordana WEISSMAN, Auteur ; Paige SIPER, Auteur ; Jennifer FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Maria DEL PILAR TRELLES, Auteur ; Jonathan A. BERNSTEIN, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur ; Mustafa SAHIN, Auteur ; Latha SOORYA, Auteur ; Audrey THURM, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur . - p.1383-1396. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1383-1396 Mots-clés : Item Response Theory  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  autism spectrum disorder  behavioral measures  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) is a quantitative measure used to characterize symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, research suggests that SRS-2 scores are significantly influenced by language ability and intellectual disability (ID). Efforts to refine the SRS-2 by Sturm, Kuhfeld, Kasari, and Mccracken [Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(9), 1053-1061] yielded a shortened form, yet its psychometric properties in populations with severe ID remain unknown. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the SRS-2 in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a genetic condition associated with ASD and ID, thereby guiding score interpretation in this population and future development of targeted scales. Analyses, including Item Response Theory (IRT), were conducted on a sample of individuals with PMS (n =?91) recruited at six sites nationally. Psychometric properties evaluated include measures of reliability (internal consistency, test-retest reliability) and validity (structural, construct, content). While both SRS-2 forms are reliable, the shortened SRS-2 shows superior validity to the full SRS-2 for measuring ASD symptoms in PMS. On IRT analysis, the shortened SRS-2 shows excellent discrimination and precisely evaluates respondents across a wide range of ASD symptomatology but interpretation is limited by uncertain content validity and small sample size. The shortened SRS-2 shows some promise for use in PMS, but future refinements and additions are needed to develop items that are tailored to identify ASD in children with severe ID and specifically PMS. LAY SUMMARY: This study determined that a shortened form of the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) shows both promise and limitations for the characterization of autism symptomatology in individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a population characterized by intellectual disability (ID). Caution should be used when interpreting SRS-2 scores in individuals with ID and future research should modify existing items and develop new items to improve the SRS-2's ability to accurately characterize autism symptomatology in PMS. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1383-1396. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania / Danielle BUNT in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1397-1417 Titre : Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle BUNT, Auteur ; Robin VAN KESSEL, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CZABANOWSKA, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Andres ROMAN-URRESTARAZU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1397-1417 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eu  anti-discrimination  autism  employment  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The low employment rates of persons with Autism Spectrum Conditions in the European Union (EU) are partly due to discrimination. Member States have taken different approaches to increase the employment rate in the recent decades, including quota and anti-discrimination legislation, however, the implications for people with autism are unknown. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of these employment policies, from seven EU Member States (Germany, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom [prior to exit], Slovakia, Poland, and Romania), exploring the interdependence on international and EU policies, using a path dependency analysis. The results indicate that internationally a shift in focus has taken place in the direction of anti-discrimination law, though employment quotas remained in place in six out of the seven Member States as a means to address employment of people with disability in combination with the new anti-discrimination laws. LAY SUMMARY: Discrimination is partially responsible for the low employment of people with autism. Several approaches have been taken in recent years, such as anti-discrimination laws and setting a mandatory number of people with disabilities that need to be employed. This study finds that, internationally and in the European Union, the focus was initially on the use of quotas and gradually moved to anti-discrimination, with both being used simultaneously. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1397-1417. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Quotas, and Anti-discrimination Policies Relating to Autism in the EU: Scoping Review and Policy Mapping in Germany, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle BUNT, Auteur ; Robin VAN KESSEL, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Katarzyna CZABANOWSKA, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Andres ROMAN-URRESTARAZU, Auteur . - p.1397-1417. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1397-1417 Mots-clés : Eu  anti-discrimination  autism  employment  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The low employment rates of persons with Autism Spectrum Conditions in the European Union (EU) are partly due to discrimination. Member States have taken different approaches to increase the employment rate in the recent decades, including quota and anti-discrimination legislation, however, the implications for people with autism are unknown. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of these employment policies, from seven EU Member States (Germany, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom [prior to exit], Slovakia, Poland, and Romania), exploring the interdependence on international and EU policies, using a path dependency analysis. The results indicate that internationally a shift in focus has taken place in the direction of anti-discrimination law, though employment quotas remained in place in six out of the seven Member States as a means to address employment of people with disability in combination with the new anti-discrimination laws. LAY SUMMARY: Discrimination is partially responsible for the low employment of people with autism. Several approaches have been taken in recent years, such as anti-discrimination laws and setting a mandatory number of people with disabilities that need to be employed. This study finds that, internationally and in the European Union, the focus was initially on the use of quotas and gradually moved to anti-discrimination, with both being used simultaneously. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1397-1417. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2315 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Safety and Feasibility of an Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention Program for Teaching Police Interaction Skills to Adolescents and Adults with Autism / Joseph P. MCCLEERY in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1418-1424 Titre : Safety and Feasibility of an Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention Program for Teaching Police Interaction Skills to Adolescents and Adults with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joseph P. MCCLEERY, Auteur ; Ashley ZITTER, Auteur ; Rita SOLORZANO, Auteur ; Sinan TURNACIOGLU, Auteur ; Judith S. MILLER, Auteur ; Vijay RAVINDRAN, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1418-1424 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  autism spectrum disorder  feasibility  immersive virtual reality  intervention  safety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Low-cost, wireless immersive virtual reality (VR) holds significant promise as a flexible and scalable intervention tool to help individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn and develop critical practical life skills, including interacting safely and effectively with police officers. Previous research suggests that VR is a motivating intervention platform, but many individuals with ASD also exhibit anxiety and sensory sensitivities which might make it difficult to tolerate VR experiences. Here, we describe the results of a relatively large-scale, National Institutes of Health-funded systematic examination of the safety, feasibility, and usability of an immersive VR training program in adolescents and adults with ASD, aged 12 and older. Sixty verbally fluent individuals with no personal or immediate family history of seizures or migraines participated in either one (n = 30) or three 45-min (n = 30) VR sessions using a lightweight wireless headset, and were monitored for side effects. Participants also reported on system usability, enjoyment, and willingness to engage in further VR sessions. Results confirm that immersive VR is safe, feasible, and highly usable for verbally fluent adolescents and adults with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Immersive virtual reality (VR) holds promise as a means to provide social skills interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but it is unclear whether associated anxiety and sensory symptoms might limit feasibility. Here, we report data that indicate that immersive VR is both safe and feasible for use in verbally fluent adolescents and adults with ASD, for up to three 45-min sessions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1418-1424. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2352 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Safety and Feasibility of an Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention Program for Teaching Police Interaction Skills to Adolescents and Adults with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joseph P. MCCLEERY, Auteur ; Ashley ZITTER, Auteur ; Rita SOLORZANO, Auteur ; Sinan TURNACIOGLU, Auteur ; Judith S. MILLER, Auteur ; Vijay RAVINDRAN, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur . - p.1418-1424. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1418-1424 Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  autism spectrum disorder  feasibility  immersive virtual reality  intervention  safety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Low-cost, wireless immersive virtual reality (VR) holds significant promise as a flexible and scalable intervention tool to help individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn and develop critical practical life skills, including interacting safely and effectively with police officers. Previous research suggests that VR is a motivating intervention platform, but many individuals with ASD also exhibit anxiety and sensory sensitivities which might make it difficult to tolerate VR experiences. Here, we describe the results of a relatively large-scale, National Institutes of Health-funded systematic examination of the safety, feasibility, and usability of an immersive VR training program in adolescents and adults with ASD, aged 12 and older. Sixty verbally fluent individuals with no personal or immediate family history of seizures or migraines participated in either one (n = 30) or three 45-min (n = 30) VR sessions using a lightweight wireless headset, and were monitored for side effects. Participants also reported on system usability, enjoyment, and willingness to engage in further VR sessions. Results confirm that immersive VR is safe, feasible, and highly usable for verbally fluent adolescents and adults with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Immersive virtual reality (VR) holds promise as a means to provide social skills interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but it is unclear whether associated anxiety and sensory symptoms might limit feasibility. Here, we report data that indicate that immersive VR is both safe and feasible for use in verbally fluent adolescents and adults with ASD, for up to three 45-min sessions. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1418-1424. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2352 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430