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Mention de date : November 2015
Paru le : 01/11/2015 |
[n° ou bulletin]
[n° ou bulletin]
56-11 - November 2015 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2015. Langues : Anglais (eng)
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Code-barres | Cote | Support | Localisation | Section | Disponibilité |
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PER0001401 | PER JCP | Périodique | Centre d'Information et de Documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes | PER - Périodiques | Exclu du prêt |
Dépouillements


Unravelling risks for child psychopathologies – general lessons from eating disorder research / Barbara MAUGHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Unravelling risks for child psychopathologies – general lessons from eating disorder research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1139-1140 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Risk factors child psychopathology eating disorders transdiagnostic risks Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clarifying risks for childhood disorders is one of the core aims of research in developmental psychopathology; disseminating findings from the most robust and clinically relevant of that risk research is a core aim of JCPP. This issue exemplifies that tradition, including articles that use a range of research designs and strategies to confirm – or in some instances disconfirm – the roles of hypothesized risks. It begins with one of our occasional series of reviews of risk research: Culbert, Racine and Klump's lucid synthesis of recent findings on the causes of eating disorders, and the accompanying Commentary by Smith and Davis. These will, of course, be of special interest to those who work in the eating disorders field, but – like all good reviews – their underlying messages have a wider resonance and relevance for the field. We highlight just three issues of particular interest in this Editorial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12472 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1139-1140[article] Unravelling risks for child psychopathologies – general lessons from eating disorder research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur . - p.1139-1140.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1139-1140
Mots-clés : Risk factors child psychopathology eating disorders transdiagnostic risks Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clarifying risks for childhood disorders is one of the core aims of research in developmental psychopathology; disseminating findings from the most robust and clinically relevant of that risk research is a core aim of JCPP. This issue exemplifies that tradition, including articles that use a range of research designs and strategies to confirm – or in some instances disconfirm – the roles of hypothesized risks. It begins with one of our occasional series of reviews of risk research: Culbert, Racine and Klump's lucid synthesis of recent findings on the causes of eating disorders, and the accompanying Commentary by Smith and Davis. These will, of course, be of special interest to those who work in the eating disorders field, but – like all good reviews – their underlying messages have a wider resonance and relevance for the field. We highlight just three issues of particular interest in this Editorial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12472 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Research Review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research / Kristen M. CULBERT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Research Review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristen M. CULBERT, Auteur ; Sarah E. RACINE, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1141-1164 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eating disorder disordered eating risk etiology biopsychosocial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders with a complex etiology involving transactions among sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences. Most research and reviews, however, focus on only one level of analysis. To address this gap, we provide a qualitative review and summary using an integrative biopsychosocial approach. Methods We selected variables for which there were available data using integrative methodologies (e.g., twin studies, gene-environment interactions) and/or data at the biological and behavioral level (e.g., neuroimaging). Factors that met these inclusion criteria were idealization of thinness, negative emotionality, perfectionism, negative urgency, inhibitory control, cognitive inflexibility, serotonin, dopamine, ovarian hormones. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed. Variables were classified as risk factors or correlates of eating disorder diagnoses and disordered eating symptoms using Kraemer et al.'s (1997) criteria. Findings Sociocultural idealization of thinness variables (media exposure, pressures for thinness, thin-ideal internalization, thinness expectancies) and personality traits (negative emotionality, perfectionism, negative urgency) attained ‘risk status’ for eating disorders and/or disordered eating symptoms. Other factors were identified as correlates of eating pathology or were not classified given limited data. Effect sizes for risk factors and correlates were generally small-to-moderate in magnitude. Conclusions Multiple biopsychosocial influences are implicated in eating disorders and/or disordered eating symptoms and several can now be considered established risk factors. Data suggest that psychological and environmental factors interact with and influence the expression of genetic risk to cause eating pathology. Additional studies that examine risk variables across multiple levels of analysis and that consider specific transactional processes amongst variables are needed to further elucidate the intersection of sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences on eating disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12441 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1141-1164[article] Research Review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – a synthesis of sociocultural, psychological, and biological research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristen M. CULBERT, Auteur ; Sarah E. RACINE, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur . - p.1141-1164.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1141-1164
Mots-clés : Eating disorder disordered eating risk etiology biopsychosocial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders with a complex etiology involving transactions among sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences. Most research and reviews, however, focus on only one level of analysis. To address this gap, we provide a qualitative review and summary using an integrative biopsychosocial approach. Methods We selected variables for which there were available data using integrative methodologies (e.g., twin studies, gene-environment interactions) and/or data at the biological and behavioral level (e.g., neuroimaging). Factors that met these inclusion criteria were idealization of thinness, negative emotionality, perfectionism, negative urgency, inhibitory control, cognitive inflexibility, serotonin, dopamine, ovarian hormones. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed. Variables were classified as risk factors or correlates of eating disorder diagnoses and disordered eating symptoms using Kraemer et al.'s (1997) criteria. Findings Sociocultural idealization of thinness variables (media exposure, pressures for thinness, thin-ideal internalization, thinness expectancies) and personality traits (negative emotionality, perfectionism, negative urgency) attained ‘risk status’ for eating disorders and/or disordered eating symptoms. Other factors were identified as correlates of eating pathology or were not classified given limited data. Effect sizes for risk factors and correlates were generally small-to-moderate in magnitude. Conclusions Multiple biopsychosocial influences are implicated in eating disorders and/or disordered eating symptoms and several can now be considered established risk factors. Data suggest that psychological and environmental factors interact with and influence the expression of genetic risk to cause eating pathology. Additional studies that examine risk variables across multiple levels of analysis and that consider specific transactional processes amongst variables are needed to further elucidate the intersection of sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences on eating disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12441 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Commentary: An exemplar of progress in understanding complex disorders – reflections on what we have learned about eating disorders (Culbert et al., 2015) / Gregory T. SMITH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Commentary: An exemplar of progress in understanding complex disorders – reflections on what we have learned about eating disorders (Culbert et al., 2015) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gregory T. SMITH, Auteur ; Heather A. DAVIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1165-1167 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eating disorder risk factors etiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of recent advances in eating disorders research have helped clarify the nature of risk for the development of such disorders. Culbert et al. () provide an empirical and thoughtful review of these recent advances. The authors identified empirically established risk factors in each of several categories of risk for eating disorders: genetic influences, neurotransmitter activity, hormones, personality, and sociocultural influences. We highlight three implications of their review. First, the review can serve as an important asset to eating disorder researchers, both substantively, by providing a comprehensive account of empirically supported risk processes; and methodologically, by highlighting good standards of evidence for acceptance of a candidate risk factor. Second, eating disorder risk is increased by both transdiagnostic and eating disorder-specific factors; there is a need to understand how these types of factors transact with each other. Third and most important, we highlight the importance of Culbert et al.'s advocacy for the development of theoretical models, and empirical tests of those models that specify transactions among different types of risk factors, such as those based on genetic, neurobiological, personality, and social processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12455 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1165-1167[article] Commentary: An exemplar of progress in understanding complex disorders – reflections on what we have learned about eating disorders (Culbert et al., 2015) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gregory T. SMITH, Auteur ; Heather A. DAVIS, Auteur . - p.1165-1167.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1165-1167
Mots-clés : Eating disorder risk factors etiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of recent advances in eating disorders research have helped clarify the nature of risk for the development of such disorders. Culbert et al. () provide an empirical and thoughtful review of these recent advances. The authors identified empirically established risk factors in each of several categories of risk for eating disorders: genetic influences, neurotransmitter activity, hormones, personality, and sociocultural influences. We highlight three implications of their review. First, the review can serve as an important asset to eating disorder researchers, both substantively, by providing a comprehensive account of empirically supported risk processes; and methodologically, by highlighting good standards of evidence for acceptance of a candidate risk factor. Second, eating disorder risk is increased by both transdiagnostic and eating disorder-specific factors; there is a need to understand how these types of factors transact with each other. Third and most important, we highlight the importance of Culbert et al.'s advocacy for the development of theoretical models, and empirical tests of those models that specify transactions among different types of risk factors, such as those based on genetic, neurobiological, personality, and social processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12455 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Implicit sequence learning in juvenile anorexia nervosa: neural mechanisms and the impact of starvation / Christine FIRK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Implicit sequence learning in juvenile anorexia nervosa: neural mechanisms and the impact of starvation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine FIRK, Auteur ; Verena MAINZ, Auteur ; Martin SCHULTE-RUETHER, Auteur ; Gereon FINK, Auteur ; Beate HERPERTZ-DAHLMANN, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1168-1176 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anorexia nervosa implicit sequence learning serial reaction time task functional magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have reported that cognitive deficits occur in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and that these deficits may represent a predisposition towards developing AN or perpetuate the disorder. Specifically, dysfunctional implicit learning may contribute to the development of highly resistant dieting behaviours that are fundamental to the persistence of the disorder. Thus, the aims of this study were (a) to investigate implicit sequence learning in adolescent patients with AN before and after weight recovery and (b) to elucidate the associated neural mechanisms in acute AN relative to healthy controls. Methods In a behavioural study, implicit sequence learning was assessed using a serial reaction time task in 27 adolescents with AN before (T1) and after weight recovery (T2) compared with age-matched healthy controls (HC) who were assessed at similar time intervals. The neural correlates of implicit sequence learning were subsequently investigated in 19 AN patients shortly after they were admitted to the hospital and 20 HC using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results At T1, AN patients showed reduced sequence learning compared with HC. However, no behavioural differences between HC and AN patients were found at T2. At the neural level, acute AN patients showed reduced thalamic activation during sequence learning compared with HC subjects. Conclusions Our data suggest that the impaired implicit learning observed in adolescent AN patients before weight gain is a state-related dysfunction that normalises with weight gain. Thus, implicit learning deficits do not appear to represent a predisposition towards developing AN; rather, these deficits should be considered when planning psychotherapeutic interventions for acute AN. Reduced thalamic activation during the acute stage of AN may indicate a starvation-induced dysfunction of the neural circuitry that is involved in behavioural flexibility. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12384 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1168-1176[article] Implicit sequence learning in juvenile anorexia nervosa: neural mechanisms and the impact of starvation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine FIRK, Auteur ; Verena MAINZ, Auteur ; Martin SCHULTE-RUETHER, Auteur ; Gereon FINK, Auteur ; Beate HERPERTZ-DAHLMANN, Auteur ; Kerstin KONRAD, Auteur . - p.1168-1176.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1168-1176
Mots-clés : Anorexia nervosa implicit sequence learning serial reaction time task functional magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have reported that cognitive deficits occur in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and that these deficits may represent a predisposition towards developing AN or perpetuate the disorder. Specifically, dysfunctional implicit learning may contribute to the development of highly resistant dieting behaviours that are fundamental to the persistence of the disorder. Thus, the aims of this study were (a) to investigate implicit sequence learning in adolescent patients with AN before and after weight recovery and (b) to elucidate the associated neural mechanisms in acute AN relative to healthy controls. Methods In a behavioural study, implicit sequence learning was assessed using a serial reaction time task in 27 adolescents with AN before (T1) and after weight recovery (T2) compared with age-matched healthy controls (HC) who were assessed at similar time intervals. The neural correlates of implicit sequence learning were subsequently investigated in 19 AN patients shortly after they were admitted to the hospital and 20 HC using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results At T1, AN patients showed reduced sequence learning compared with HC. However, no behavioural differences between HC and AN patients were found at T2. At the neural level, acute AN patients showed reduced thalamic activation during sequence learning compared with HC subjects. Conclusions Our data suggest that the impaired implicit learning observed in adolescent AN patients before weight gain is a state-related dysfunction that normalises with weight gain. Thus, implicit learning deficits do not appear to represent a predisposition towards developing AN; rather, these deficits should be considered when planning psychotherapeutic interventions for acute AN. Reduced thalamic activation during the acute stage of AN may indicate a starvation-induced dysfunction of the neural circuitry that is involved in behavioural flexibility. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12384 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Adolescent girls’ neural response to reward mediates the relation between childhood financial disadvantage and depression / Sarah E. ROMENS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Adolescent girls’ neural response to reward mediates the relation between childhood financial disadvantage and depression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah E. ROMENS, Auteur ; Melynda D. CASEMENT, Auteur ; Rose MCALOON, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Amanda E. GUYER, Auteur ; Erika E. FORBES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1177-1184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Socioeconomic status reward depression neural medial prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children who experience socioeconomic disadvantage are at heightened risk for developing depression; however, little is known about neurobiological mechanisms underlying this association. Low socioeconomic status (SES) during childhood may confer risk for depression through its stress-related effects on the neural circuitry associated with processing monetary rewards. Methods In a prospective study, we examined the relationships among the number of years of household receipt of public assistance from age 5–16 years, neural activation during monetary reward anticipation and receipt at age 16, and depression symptoms at age 16 in 123 girls. Results Number of years of household receipt of public assistance was positively associated with heightened response in the medial prefrontal cortex during reward anticipation, and this heightened neural response mediated the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and current depression symptoms, controlling for past depression. Conclusions Chronic exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood may alter neural circuitry involved in reward anticipation in adolescence, which in turn may confer risk for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12410 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1177-1184[article] Adolescent girls’ neural response to reward mediates the relation between childhood financial disadvantage and depression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah E. ROMENS, Auteur ; Melynda D. CASEMENT, Auteur ; Rose MCALOON, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Amanda E. GUYER, Auteur ; Erika E. FORBES, Auteur . - p.1177-1184.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1177-1184
Mots-clés : Socioeconomic status reward depression neural medial prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children who experience socioeconomic disadvantage are at heightened risk for developing depression; however, little is known about neurobiological mechanisms underlying this association. Low socioeconomic status (SES) during childhood may confer risk for depression through its stress-related effects on the neural circuitry associated with processing monetary rewards. Methods In a prospective study, we examined the relationships among the number of years of household receipt of public assistance from age 5–16 years, neural activation during monetary reward anticipation and receipt at age 16, and depression symptoms at age 16 in 123 girls. Results Number of years of household receipt of public assistance was positively associated with heightened response in the medial prefrontal cortex during reward anticipation, and this heightened neural response mediated the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and current depression symptoms, controlling for past depression. Conclusions Chronic exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood may alter neural circuitry involved in reward anticipation in adolescence, which in turn may confer risk for depression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12410 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Effect of housing relocation and neighborhood environment on adolescent mental and behavioral health / Gayle R. BYCK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Effect of housing relocation and neighborhood environment on adolescent mental and behavioral health Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gayle R. BYCK, Auteur ; John BOLLAND, Auteur ; Danielle DICK, Auteur ; Gregory SWANN, Auteur ; David HENRY, Auteur ; Brian MUSTANSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1185-1193 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent housing relocation sexual risk-taking mental health substance abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether relocating from a high-poverty neighborhood to a lower poverty neighborhood as part of a federal housing relocation program (HOPE VI; Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere) had effects on adolescent mental and behavioral health compared to adolescents consistently living in lower poverty neighborhoods. Methods Sociodemographic, risk behavior, and neighborhood data were collected from 592 low-income, primarily African-American adolescents and their primary caregivers. Structured psychiatric interviews were conducted with adolescents. Prerelocation neighborhood, demographic, and risk behavior data were also included. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) was used to test associations between neighborhood variables and risk outcomes. HLM was used to test whether the effect of neighborhood relocation and neighborhood characteristics might explain differences in sexual risk taking, substance use, and mental health outcomes. Results Adolescents who relocated of HOPE VI neighborhoods (n = 158) fared worse than control group participants (n = 429) on most self-reported mental health outcomes. The addition of subjective neighborhood measures generally did not substantively change these results. Conclusions Our findings suggest that moving from a high-poverty neighborhood to a somewhat lower poverty neighborhood is not associated with better mental health and risk behavior outcomes in adolescents. The continued effects of having grown up in a high-poverty neighborhood, the small improvements in their new neighborhoods, the comparatively short length of time they lived in their new neighborhood, and/or the stress of moving appears to worsen most of the mental health outcomes of HOPE VI compared to control group participants who consistently lived in the lower poverty neighborhoods. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12386 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1185-1193[article] Effect of housing relocation and neighborhood environment on adolescent mental and behavioral health [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gayle R. BYCK, Auteur ; John BOLLAND, Auteur ; Danielle DICK, Auteur ; Gregory SWANN, Auteur ; David HENRY, Auteur ; Brian MUSTANSKI, Auteur . - p.1185-1193.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1185-1193
Mots-clés : Adolescent housing relocation sexual risk-taking mental health substance abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether relocating from a high-poverty neighborhood to a lower poverty neighborhood as part of a federal housing relocation program (HOPE VI; Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere) had effects on adolescent mental and behavioral health compared to adolescents consistently living in lower poverty neighborhoods. Methods Sociodemographic, risk behavior, and neighborhood data were collected from 592 low-income, primarily African-American adolescents and their primary caregivers. Structured psychiatric interviews were conducted with adolescents. Prerelocation neighborhood, demographic, and risk behavior data were also included. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) was used to test associations between neighborhood variables and risk outcomes. HLM was used to test whether the effect of neighborhood relocation and neighborhood characteristics might explain differences in sexual risk taking, substance use, and mental health outcomes. Results Adolescents who relocated of HOPE VI neighborhoods (n = 158) fared worse than control group participants (n = 429) on most self-reported mental health outcomes. The addition of subjective neighborhood measures generally did not substantively change these results. Conclusions Our findings suggest that moving from a high-poverty neighborhood to a somewhat lower poverty neighborhood is not associated with better mental health and risk behavior outcomes in adolescents. The continued effects of having grown up in a high-poverty neighborhood, the small improvements in their new neighborhoods, the comparatively short length of time they lived in their new neighborhood, and/or the stress of moving appears to worsen most of the mental health outcomes of HOPE VI compared to control group participants who consistently lived in the lower poverty neighborhoods. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12386 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Attention bias and anxiety in young children exposed to family violence / Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Attention bias and anxiety in young children exposed to family violence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Seth D. POLLAK, Auteur ; Damion GRASSO, Auteur ; Joel VOSS, Auteur ; Nicholas D. MIAN, Auteur ; Elvira ZOBEL, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1194-1201 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention bias violence harsh parenting early childhood anxiety fear Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention bias toward threat is associated with anxiety in older youth and adults and has been linked with violence exposure. Attention bias may moderate the relationship between violence exposure and anxiety in young children. Capitalizing on measurement advances, this study examines these relationships at a younger age than previously possible. Methods Young children (mean age 4.7, ±0.8) from a cross-sectional sample oversampled for violence exposure (N = 218) completed the dot-probe task to assess their attention biases. Observed fear/anxiety was characterized with a novel observational paradigm, the Anxiety Dimensional Observation Scale. Mother-reported symptoms were assessed with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children. Violence exposure was characterized with dimensional scores reflecting probability of membership in two classes derived via latent class analysis from the Conflict Tactics Scales: Abuse and Harsh Parenting. Results Family violence predicted greater child anxiety and trauma symptoms. Attention bias moderated the relationship between violence and anxiety. Conclusions Attention bias toward threat may strengthen the effects of family violence on the development of anxiety, with potentially cascading effects across childhood. Such associations may be most readily detected when using observational measures of childhood anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1194-1201[article] Attention bias and anxiety in young children exposed to family violence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Seth D. POLLAK, Auteur ; Damion GRASSO, Auteur ; Joel VOSS, Auteur ; Nicholas D. MIAN, Auteur ; Elvira ZOBEL, Auteur ; Kimberly J. MCCARTHY, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur . - p.1194-1201.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1194-1201
Mots-clés : Attention bias violence harsh parenting early childhood anxiety fear Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention bias toward threat is associated with anxiety in older youth and adults and has been linked with violence exposure. Attention bias may moderate the relationship between violence exposure and anxiety in young children. Capitalizing on measurement advances, this study examines these relationships at a younger age than previously possible. Methods Young children (mean age 4.7, ±0.8) from a cross-sectional sample oversampled for violence exposure (N = 218) completed the dot-probe task to assess their attention biases. Observed fear/anxiety was characterized with a novel observational paradigm, the Anxiety Dimensional Observation Scale. Mother-reported symptoms were assessed with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children. Violence exposure was characterized with dimensional scores reflecting probability of membership in two classes derived via latent class analysis from the Conflict Tactics Scales: Abuse and Harsh Parenting. Results Family violence predicted greater child anxiety and trauma symptoms. Attention bias moderated the relationship between violence and anxiety. Conclusions Attention bias toward threat may strengthen the effects of family violence on the development of anxiety, with potentially cascading effects across childhood. Such associations may be most readily detected when using observational measures of childhood anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Family Nurture Intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit improves social-relatedness, attention, and neurodevelopment of preterm infants at 18 months in a randomized controlled trial / Martha G. WELCH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Family Nurture Intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit improves social-relatedness, attention, and neurodevelopment of preterm infants at 18 months in a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martha G. WELCH, Auteur ; Morgan R. FIRESTEIN, Auteur ; Judy AUSTIN, Auteur ; Amie A. HANE, Auteur ; Raymond I. STARK, Auteur ; Myron A. HOFER, Auteur ; Marianne GARLAND, Auteur ; Sara B. GLICKSTEIN, Auteur ; Susan A. BRUNELLI, Auteur ; Robert J. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Michael M. MYERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1202-1211 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nurture intervention Bayley M-CHAT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preterm infants are at high risk for adverse neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes. Family Nurture Intervention (FNI) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is designed to counteract adverse effects of separation of mothers and their preterm infants. Here, we evaluate effects of FNI on neurobehavioral outcomes. Methods Data were collected at 18 months corrected age from preterm infants. Infants were assigned at birth to FNI or standard care (SC). Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (Bayley-III) were assessed for 76 infants (SC, n = 31; FNI, n = 45); the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for 57 infants (SC, n = 31; FNI, n = 26); and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was obtained for 59 infants (SC, n = 33; FNI, n = 26). Results Family Nurture Intervention significantly improved Bayley-III cognitive (p = .039) and language (p = .008) scores for infants whose scores were greater than 85. FNI infants had fewer attention problems on the CBCL (p < .02). FNI improved total M-CHAT scores (p < .02). Seventy-six percent of SC infants failed at least one of the M-CHAT items, compared to 27% of FNI infants (p < .001). In addition, 36% of SC infants versus 0% of FNI infants failed at least one social-relatedness M-CHAT item (p < .001). Conclusions Family Nurture Intervention is the first NICU intervention to show significant improvements in preterm infants across multiple domains of neurodevelopment, social-relatedness, and attention problems. These gains suggest that an intervention that facilitates emotional interactions between mothers and infants in the NICU may be key to altering developmental trajectories of preterm infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1202-1211[article] Family Nurture Intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit improves social-relatedness, attention, and neurodevelopment of preterm infants at 18 months in a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martha G. WELCH, Auteur ; Morgan R. FIRESTEIN, Auteur ; Judy AUSTIN, Auteur ; Amie A. HANE, Auteur ; Raymond I. STARK, Auteur ; Myron A. HOFER, Auteur ; Marianne GARLAND, Auteur ; Sara B. GLICKSTEIN, Auteur ; Susan A. BRUNELLI, Auteur ; Robert J. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Michael M. MYERS, Auteur . - p.1202-1211.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1202-1211
Mots-clés : Nurture intervention Bayley M-CHAT Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preterm infants are at high risk for adverse neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes. Family Nurture Intervention (FNI) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is designed to counteract adverse effects of separation of mothers and their preterm infants. Here, we evaluate effects of FNI on neurobehavioral outcomes. Methods Data were collected at 18 months corrected age from preterm infants. Infants were assigned at birth to FNI or standard care (SC). Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (Bayley-III) were assessed for 76 infants (SC, n = 31; FNI, n = 45); the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for 57 infants (SC, n = 31; FNI, n = 26); and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was obtained for 59 infants (SC, n = 33; FNI, n = 26). Results Family Nurture Intervention significantly improved Bayley-III cognitive (p = .039) and language (p = .008) scores for infants whose scores were greater than 85. FNI infants had fewer attention problems on the CBCL (p < .02). FNI improved total M-CHAT scores (p < .02). Seventy-six percent of SC infants failed at least one of the M-CHAT items, compared to 27% of FNI infants (p < .001). In addition, 36% of SC infants versus 0% of FNI infants failed at least one social-relatedness M-CHAT item (p < .001). Conclusions Family Nurture Intervention is the first NICU intervention to show significant improvements in preterm infants across multiple domains of neurodevelopment, social-relatedness, and attention problems. These gains suggest that an intervention that facilitates emotional interactions between mothers and infants in the NICU may be key to altering developmental trajectories of preterm infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Early life stress is associated with default system integrity and emotionality during infancy / Alice M. GRAHAM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Early life stress is associated with default system integrity and emotionality during infancy Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alice M. GRAHAM, Auteur ; Jennifer H. PFEIFER, Auteur ; Philip A. FISHER, Auteur ; Samuel CARPENTER, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1212-1222 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Functional MRI infancy stress family functioning brain development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Extensive animal research has demonstrated the vulnerability of the brain to early life stress (ELS) with consequences for emotional development and mental health. However, the influence of moderate and common forms of stress on early human brain development is less well-understood and precisely characterized. To date, most work has focused on severe forms of stress, and/or on brain functioning years after stress exposure. Methods In this report we focused on conflict between parents (interparental conflict), a common and relatively moderate form of ELS that is highly relevant for children's mental health outcomes. We used resting state functional connectivity MRI to examine the coordinated functioning of the infant brain (N = 23; 6–12-months-of-age) in the context of interparental conflict. We focused on the default mode network (DMN) due to its well-characterized developmental trajectory and implications for mental health. We further examined DMN strength as a mediator between conflict and infants’ negative emotionality. Results Higher interparental conflict since birth was associated with infants showing stronger connectivity between two core DMN regions, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC). PCC to amygdala connectivity was also increased. Stronger PCC-aMPFC connectivity mediated between higher conflict and higher negative infant emotionality. Conclusions The developing DMN may be an important marker for effects of ELS with relevance for emotional development and subsequent mental health. Increasing understanding of the associations between common forms of family stress and emerging functional brain networks has potential to inform intervention efforts to improve mental health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12409 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1212-1222[article] Early life stress is associated with default system integrity and emotionality during infancy [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alice M. GRAHAM, Auteur ; Jennifer H. PFEIFER, Auteur ; Philip A. FISHER, Auteur ; Samuel CARPENTER, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur . - p.1212-1222.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1212-1222
Mots-clés : Functional MRI infancy stress family functioning brain development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Extensive animal research has demonstrated the vulnerability of the brain to early life stress (ELS) with consequences for emotional development and mental health. However, the influence of moderate and common forms of stress on early human brain development is less well-understood and precisely characterized. To date, most work has focused on severe forms of stress, and/or on brain functioning years after stress exposure. Methods In this report we focused on conflict between parents (interparental conflict), a common and relatively moderate form of ELS that is highly relevant for children's mental health outcomes. We used resting state functional connectivity MRI to examine the coordinated functioning of the infant brain (N = 23; 6–12-months-of-age) in the context of interparental conflict. We focused on the default mode network (DMN) due to its well-characterized developmental trajectory and implications for mental health. We further examined DMN strength as a mediator between conflict and infants’ negative emotionality. Results Higher interparental conflict since birth was associated with infants showing stronger connectivity between two core DMN regions, the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC). PCC to amygdala connectivity was also increased. Stronger PCC-aMPFC connectivity mediated between higher conflict and higher negative infant emotionality. Conclusions The developing DMN may be an important marker for effects of ELS with relevance for emotional development and subsequent mental health. Increasing understanding of the associations between common forms of family stress and emerging functional brain networks has potential to inform intervention efforts to improve mental health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12409 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Internalising symptoms and body dissatisfaction: untangling temporal precedence using cross-lagged models in two cohorts / Praveetha PATALAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Internalising symptoms and body dissatisfaction: untangling temporal precedence using cross-lagged models in two cohorts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur ; Helen SHARPE, Auteur ; Miranda WOLPERT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1223-1230 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Internalising body image eating disorders psychopathology adolescence childhood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that body dissatisfaction and internalising symptoms are correlated and are both overrepresented in girls compared to boys. However, it is not clear whether body dissatisfaction typically precedes internalising symptoms or vice versa. Existing literature provides theoretical and empirical support for both possibilities, but is limited in two ways: (a) no study has simultaneously tested the two temporal hypotheses within the same model, and (b) the studies focus almost exclusively on early adolescents resulting in little being known about development from preadolescence and across puberty. Methods This study used data from 5485 primary school students (49.1% girls, aged 8–9 years at baseline) and 5981 secondary school students (53.9% girls, aged 11–12 years at baseline). Self-reports of internalising symptoms and body dissatisfaction were collected over three consecutive years at 1-year intervals. Cross-lagged models were estimated in the two cohorts, for boys and girls separately, to examine the temporal associations between these two domains across the three measurement points. Results In the younger cohort, internalising symptoms predicted body dissatisfaction 1-year later for both boys and girls, whereas there was no evidence for the reverse being true. In the older cohort, internalising symptoms predicted later body dissatisfaction for boys. However, in girls, body dissatisfaction predicted later internalising symptoms. Conclusions In preadolescents, internalising symptoms drive later body dissatisfaction regardless of gender, suggesting body dissatisfaction is a specific manifestation of a tendency towards negative affect. From age 11, girls develop a distinct risk profile whereby body dissatisfaction drives later internalising symptoms. Preventative interventions in this field would benefit from adopting a developmentally sensitive approach that takes into account gender differences in risk pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12415 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1223-1230[article] Internalising symptoms and body dissatisfaction: untangling temporal precedence using cross-lagged models in two cohorts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur ; Helen SHARPE, Auteur ; Miranda WOLPERT, Auteur . - p.1223-1230.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1223-1230
Mots-clés : Internalising body image eating disorders psychopathology adolescence childhood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that body dissatisfaction and internalising symptoms are correlated and are both overrepresented in girls compared to boys. However, it is not clear whether body dissatisfaction typically precedes internalising symptoms or vice versa. Existing literature provides theoretical and empirical support for both possibilities, but is limited in two ways: (a) no study has simultaneously tested the two temporal hypotheses within the same model, and (b) the studies focus almost exclusively on early adolescents resulting in little being known about development from preadolescence and across puberty. Methods This study used data from 5485 primary school students (49.1% girls, aged 8–9 years at baseline) and 5981 secondary school students (53.9% girls, aged 11–12 years at baseline). Self-reports of internalising symptoms and body dissatisfaction were collected over three consecutive years at 1-year intervals. Cross-lagged models were estimated in the two cohorts, for boys and girls separately, to examine the temporal associations between these two domains across the three measurement points. Results In the younger cohort, internalising symptoms predicted body dissatisfaction 1-year later for both boys and girls, whereas there was no evidence for the reverse being true. In the older cohort, internalising symptoms predicted later body dissatisfaction for boys. However, in girls, body dissatisfaction predicted later internalising symptoms. Conclusions In preadolescents, internalising symptoms drive later body dissatisfaction regardless of gender, suggesting body dissatisfaction is a specific manifestation of a tendency towards negative affect. From age 11, girls develop a distinct risk profile whereby body dissatisfaction drives later internalising symptoms. Preventative interventions in this field would benefit from adopting a developmentally sensitive approach that takes into account gender differences in risk pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12415 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Does mothers’ postnatal depression influence the development of imitation? / Oliver PERRA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Does mothers’ postnatal depression influence the development of imitation? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Oliver PERRA, Auteur ; Rebecca PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Rhiannon FYFIELD, Auteur ; Cerith S. WATERS, Auteur ; Dale F. HAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1231-1238 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Learning infancy postnatal maternal depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Links between mothers’ postnatal depression (PND) and children's cognition have been identified in several samples, but the evidence is inconsistent. We hypothesized that PND may specifically interfere with infants’ imitation, an early learning ability that features in early mother–infant interaction and is linked to memory, causal understanding and joint attention. Methods A randomly controlled experiment on imitation was embedded into a longitudinal study of a representative sample of firstborn British infants, whose mothers were assessed for depression using the SCAN interview during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. At a mean of 12.8 months, 253 infants were presented with two imitation tasks that varied in difficulty, in counterbalanced order. Results The infants of mothers who experienced PND were significantly less likely than other infants in the sample to imitate the modelled actions, showing a 72% reduction in the likelihood of imitation. The association with PND was not explained by sociodemographic adversity, or a history of depression during pregnancy or prior to conception. Mothers’ references to infants’ internal states during mother–infant interaction at 6 months facilitated imitation at 12 months, but did not explain the link with PND. Conclusions The findings support the hypothesis that associations between PND and later cognitive outcomes may partly derive from effects of the mother's illness on infants’ early learning abilities. Support for infants’ learning should be considered as an age-appropriate, child-focused component of interventions designed to ameliorate the effects of PND. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1231-1238[article] Does mothers’ postnatal depression influence the development of imitation? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Oliver PERRA, Auteur ; Rebecca PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Rhiannon FYFIELD, Auteur ; Cerith S. WATERS, Auteur ; Dale F. HAY, Auteur . - p.1231-1238.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1231-1238
Mots-clés : Learning infancy postnatal maternal depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Links between mothers’ postnatal depression (PND) and children's cognition have been identified in several samples, but the evidence is inconsistent. We hypothesized that PND may specifically interfere with infants’ imitation, an early learning ability that features in early mother–infant interaction and is linked to memory, causal understanding and joint attention. Methods A randomly controlled experiment on imitation was embedded into a longitudinal study of a representative sample of firstborn British infants, whose mothers were assessed for depression using the SCAN interview during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. At a mean of 12.8 months, 253 infants were presented with two imitation tasks that varied in difficulty, in counterbalanced order. Results The infants of mothers who experienced PND were significantly less likely than other infants in the sample to imitate the modelled actions, showing a 72% reduction in the likelihood of imitation. The association with PND was not explained by sociodemographic adversity, or a history of depression during pregnancy or prior to conception. Mothers’ references to infants’ internal states during mother–infant interaction at 6 months facilitated imitation at 12 months, but did not explain the link with PND. Conclusions The findings support the hypothesis that associations between PND and later cognitive outcomes may partly derive from effects of the mother's illness on infants’ early learning abilities. Support for infants’ learning should be considered as an age-appropriate, child-focused component of interventions designed to ameliorate the effects of PND. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12413 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Is cognitive bias modification training truly beneficial for adolescents? / Stella W. Y. CHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Is cognitive bias modification training truly beneficial for adolescents? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stella W. Y. CHAN, Auteur ; Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Shirley A. REYNOLDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1239-1248 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cognitive Bias Modification interpretation adolescence depression anxiety stress reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) has been shown to change interpretation biases commonly associated with anxiety and depression and may help ameliorate symptoms of these disorders. However, its evidence base for adolescents is scarce. Previous results have been hard to interpret because of methodological issues. In particular, many studies have used negative bias training as the control condition. This would tend to inflate any apparent benefits of CBM compared to a neutral control. Most studies also only examined the effects of a single training session and lacked follow-up assessment or ecologically valid outcome measures. Method Seventy-four adolescents, aged 16–18 years, were randomised to two sessions of CBM training or neutral control. Interpretation bias and mood were assessed three times: at baseline, immediately post-training and 1 week post-training. A controlled experimental stressor was also used, and responses to everyday stressors were recorded for 1 week after training to assess responses to psychological challenges. Feedback for the training programme was collected. Results The CBM group reported a greater reduction in negative affect than control participants. However, other hypothesised advantages of CBM were not demonstrated. Regardless of training group, participants reported increased positive interpretations, decreased negative interpretations, reduced depressive symptoms and no change in trait anxiety. The two groups did not differ in their stress reactivity. After controlling for group differences in training performance, all the mood effects disappeared. Conclusions When tested under stringent experimental conditions the effects of CBM in healthy adolescents appear to be minimal. Future studies should concentrate on participants with elevated cognitive biases and/or mood symptoms who may be more sensitive to CBM. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1239-1248[article] Is cognitive bias modification training truly beneficial for adolescents? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stella W. Y. CHAN, Auteur ; Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Shirley A. REYNOLDS, Auteur . - p.1239-1248.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1239-1248
Mots-clés : Cognitive Bias Modification interpretation adolescence depression anxiety stress reactivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) has been shown to change interpretation biases commonly associated with anxiety and depression and may help ameliorate symptoms of these disorders. However, its evidence base for adolescents is scarce. Previous results have been hard to interpret because of methodological issues. In particular, many studies have used negative bias training as the control condition. This would tend to inflate any apparent benefits of CBM compared to a neutral control. Most studies also only examined the effects of a single training session and lacked follow-up assessment or ecologically valid outcome measures. Method Seventy-four adolescents, aged 16–18 years, were randomised to two sessions of CBM training or neutral control. Interpretation bias and mood were assessed three times: at baseline, immediately post-training and 1 week post-training. A controlled experimental stressor was also used, and responses to everyday stressors were recorded for 1 week after training to assess responses to psychological challenges. Feedback for the training programme was collected. Results The CBM group reported a greater reduction in negative affect than control participants. However, other hypothesised advantages of CBM were not demonstrated. Regardless of training group, participants reported increased positive interpretations, decreased negative interpretations, reduced depressive symptoms and no change in trait anxiety. The two groups did not differ in their stress reactivity. After controlling for group differences in training performance, all the mood effects disappeared. Conclusions When tested under stringent experimental conditions the effects of CBM in healthy adolescents appear to be minimal. Future studies should concentrate on participants with elevated cognitive biases and/or mood symptoms who may be more sensitive to CBM. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 Using self-reported callous-unemotional traits to cross-nationally assess the DSM-5 ‘With Limited Prosocial Emotions’ specifier / Eva R. KIMONIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-11 (November 2015)
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Titre : Using self-reported callous-unemotional traits to cross-nationally assess the DSM-5 ‘With Limited Prosocial Emotions’ specifier Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eva R. KIMONIS, Auteur ; Kostas A. FANTI, Auteur ; Paul J. FRICK, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Cecilia ESSAU, Auteur ; Patricia BIJTTEBIER, Auteur ; Monica A. MARSEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1249-1261 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits DSM-5 conduct disorder with limited prosocial emotions item response theory analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits designates an important subgroup of antisocial youth at risk for severe, persistent, and impairing conduct problems. As a result, the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual includes a specifier for youth meeting diagnostic criteria for Conduct Disorder who show elevated CU traits. The current study evaluated the DSM-5 criteria using Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses and evaluated two methods for using a self-report measure of CU traits to make this diagnosis. Methods The sample included 2257 adolescent (M age = 15.64, SD = 1.69 years) boys (53%) and girls (47%) from community and incarcerated settings in the United States and the European countries of Belgium, Germany, and Cyprus. Results IRT analyses suggested that four- or eight-item sets from the self-report measure (comparable to the symptoms used by the DSM-5 specifier) provided good model fit, suggesting that they assess a single underlying CU construct. Further, the most stringent method of scoring the self-report scale (i.e. taking only the most extreme responses) to approximate symptom presence provided the best discrimination in IRT analyses, showed reasonable prevalence rates of the specifier, and designated community adolescents who were highly antisocial, whereas the less stringent method best discriminated detained youth. Conclusions Refined self-report scales developed on the basis of IRT findings provided good assessments of most of the symptoms used in the DSM-5 criteria. These scales may be used as one component of a multimethod assessment of the ‘With Limited Prosocial Emotions’ specifier for Conduct Disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12357 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1249-1261[article] Using self-reported callous-unemotional traits to cross-nationally assess the DSM-5 ‘With Limited Prosocial Emotions’ specifier [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eva R. KIMONIS, Auteur ; Kostas A. FANTI, Auteur ; Paul J. FRICK, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Cecilia ESSAU, Auteur ; Patricia BIJTTEBIER, Auteur ; Monica A. MARSEE, Auteur . - p.1249-1261.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-11 (November 2015) . - p.1249-1261
Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional traits DSM-5 conduct disorder with limited prosocial emotions item response theory analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits designates an important subgroup of antisocial youth at risk for severe, persistent, and impairing conduct problems. As a result, the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual includes a specifier for youth meeting diagnostic criteria for Conduct Disorder who show elevated CU traits. The current study evaluated the DSM-5 criteria using Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses and evaluated two methods for using a self-report measure of CU traits to make this diagnosis. Methods The sample included 2257 adolescent (M age = 15.64, SD = 1.69 years) boys (53%) and girls (47%) from community and incarcerated settings in the United States and the European countries of Belgium, Germany, and Cyprus. Results IRT analyses suggested that four- or eight-item sets from the self-report measure (comparable to the symptoms used by the DSM-5 specifier) provided good model fit, suggesting that they assess a single underlying CU construct. Further, the most stringent method of scoring the self-report scale (i.e. taking only the most extreme responses) to approximate symptom presence provided the best discrimination in IRT analyses, showed reasonable prevalence rates of the specifier, and designated community adolescents who were highly antisocial, whereas the less stringent method best discriminated detained youth. Conclusions Refined self-report scales developed on the basis of IRT findings provided good assessments of most of the symptoms used in the DSM-5 criteria. These scales may be used as one component of a multimethod assessment of the ‘With Limited Prosocial Emotions’ specifier for Conduct Disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12357 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270