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Clinical Profiles of Black and White Children Referred for Autism Diagnosis / E. FOMBONNE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-3 (March 2022)
[article]
Titre : Clinical Profiles of Black and White Children Referred for Autism Diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Katharine E. ZUCKERMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1120-1130 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Blacks Child Child, Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Male Prevalence Adaptive behavior African-American Autism Behavioral problem Emotional problem Intellectual functioning Race Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Black children with autism are diagnosed at an older age. Whether or not late detection is paralleled by differing clinical presentation is not known. We evaluated symptom profiles of 245 Black and 488 sex- and age-matched White non-Hispanic participants (82.8% male; mean age: 4.2 years) referred for ASD diagnosis. Both groups showed similar overall levels of autistic symptoms. Black children had significantly but slightly lower scores on cognitive tests and on the Vineland communication domain than White children. Groups were comparable on internalizing and externalizing co-occurring problems. Given the largely similar clinical profiles, clinical differences in initial presentation may not be a primary reason for Black/White disparities in diagnostic and services use. Limitations of a cross-sectional referred sample are acknowledged. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05019-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-3 (March 2022) . - p.1120-1130[article] Clinical Profiles of Black and White Children Referred for Autism Diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Katharine E. ZUCKERMAN, Auteur . - p.1120-1130.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-3 (March 2022) . - p.1120-1130
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder/diagnosis Blacks Child Child, Preschool Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Male Prevalence Adaptive behavior African-American Autism Behavioral problem Emotional problem Intellectual functioning Race Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Black children with autism are diagnosed at an older age. Whether or not late detection is paralleled by differing clinical presentation is not known. We evaluated symptom profiles of 245 Black and 488 sex- and age-matched White non-Hispanic participants (82.8% male; mean age: 4.2 years) referred for ASD diagnosis. Both groups showed similar overall levels of autistic symptoms. Black children had significantly but slightly lower scores on cognitive tests and on the Vineland communication domain than White children. Groups were comparable on internalizing and externalizing co-occurring problems. Given the largely similar clinical profiles, clinical differences in initial presentation may not be a primary reason for Black/White disparities in diagnostic and services use. Limitations of a cross-sectional referred sample are acknowledged. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05019-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=455 Sex differences in age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary evidence from Uganda / E. BONNEY in Autism Research, 15-1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Sex differences in age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary evidence from Uganda Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. BONNEY, Auteur ; C. ABBO, Auteur ; C. OGARA, Auteur ; M. E. VILLALOBOS, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.183-191 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Blacks Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Male Retrospective Studies Sex Characteristics Uganda/epidemiology Africa Uganda age of diagnosis autism spectrum disorder sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study was performed to determine (a) the age at which autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is first diagnosed in Ugandan children receiving mental health services, (b) whether age at diagnosis varies by sex and clinical presentation, and (c) the average age of ASD diagnosis in children manifesting comorbid conditions. A retrospective chart review was performed and demographic as well as clinical data were collected from children with ASD diagnoses who attended two mental health clinics in Uganda between 2014 and 2019. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to summarize the data. Independent t-test was also performed to determine differences in the mean age of diagnosis between males and females. Two hundred and thirty-seven (156 males, 81 females) children with ASD were identified. The average age of ASD diagnosis was (6.9?±?4.0)?years. A statistically significant difference in age of ASD diagnosis was found between males and females (t = -2.106, p = 0.036), such that on average females received a diagnosis at least 1?year later than males. Of the 237 participants, 53.6% were identified with ASD only, 16.0% had ASD and ADHD, 10.5% were diagnosed with ASD and epilepsy, and 7.2% had a diagnosis of complex ASD. The results confirm delays in access to ASD diagnosis and suggest that females are more likely to receive a ASD diagnosis later than males within the Ugandan context. ASD awareness should be intensified to improve public or professional knowledge about ASD to enhance early identification in Uganda. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.183-191[article] Sex differences in age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary evidence from Uganda [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. BONNEY, Auteur ; C. ABBO, Auteur ; C. OGARA, Auteur ; M. E. VILLALOBOS, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur . - p.183-191.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.183-191
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Blacks Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Male Retrospective Studies Sex Characteristics Uganda/epidemiology Africa Uganda age of diagnosis autism spectrum disorder sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study was performed to determine (a) the age at which autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is first diagnosed in Ugandan children receiving mental health services, (b) whether age at diagnosis varies by sex and clinical presentation, and (c) the average age of ASD diagnosis in children manifesting comorbid conditions. A retrospective chart review was performed and demographic as well as clinical data were collected from children with ASD diagnoses who attended two mental health clinics in Uganda between 2014 and 2019. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to summarize the data. Independent t-test was also performed to determine differences in the mean age of diagnosis between males and females. Two hundred and thirty-seven (156 males, 81 females) children with ASD were identified. The average age of ASD diagnosis was (6.9?±?4.0)?years. A statistically significant difference in age of ASD diagnosis was found between males and females (t = -2.106, p = 0.036), such that on average females received a diagnosis at least 1?year later than males. Of the 237 participants, 53.6% were identified with ASD only, 16.0% had ASD and ADHD, 10.5% were diagnosed with ASD and epilepsy, and 7.2% had a diagnosis of complex ASD. The results confirm delays in access to ASD diagnosis and suggest that females are more likely to receive a ASD diagnosis later than males within the Ugandan context. ASD awareness should be intensified to improve public or professional knowledge about ASD to enhance early identification in Uganda. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Still Left Behind: Fewer Black School-Aged Youth Receive ASD Diagnoses Compared to White Youth / Serene HABAYEB in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-5 (May 2022)
[article]
Titre : Still Left Behind: Fewer Black School-Aged Youth Receive ASD Diagnoses Compared to White Youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Serene HABAYEB, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Andrea DE LA TORRE, Auteur ; Allison B. RATTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2274-2283 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Blacks Child Humans Population Surveillance Prevalence Racial Groups Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Delay First Diagnosis Race Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research suggests that Black children are at risk for delays in diagnosis of autism, but factors that influence diagnostic timing across races remain unclear. This study analyzed data from Black and White children who received a first-time autism diagnosis at a specialty clinic. Black youth were under-represented in the group who received a first diagnosis in middle/late childhood (i.e., after age six). Receiving a diagnosis later in childhood was related to higher IQ (trend level) and more internalizing problems for White children whereas it was related to lower IQ (trend level) and higher ASD symptom intensity for Black children. Findings suggest racial disparities in early identification of autism may be diminishing but persist among those diagnosed later in childhood.. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05118-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2274-2283[article] Still Left Behind: Fewer Black School-Aged Youth Receive ASD Diagnoses Compared to White Youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Serene HABAYEB, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Andrea DE LA TORRE, Auteur ; Allison B. RATTO, Auteur . - p.2274-2283.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2274-2283
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Blacks Child Humans Population Surveillance Prevalence Racial Groups Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Delay First Diagnosis Race Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research suggests that Black children are at risk for delays in diagnosis of autism, but factors that influence diagnostic timing across races remain unclear. This study analyzed data from Black and White children who received a first-time autism diagnosis at a specialty clinic. Black youth were under-represented in the group who received a first diagnosis in middle/late childhood (i.e., after age six). Receiving a diagnosis later in childhood was related to higher IQ (trend level) and more internalizing problems for White children whereas it was related to lower IQ (trend level) and higher ASD symptom intensity for Black children. Findings suggest racial disparities in early identification of autism may be diminishing but persist among those diagnosed later in childhood.. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05118-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476