Dépouillements

Erratum in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - E1-E1 Titre : Erratum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : E1-E1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12476 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Erratum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - E1-E1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - E1-E1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12476 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Editorial: Distinguishing between the challenges posed by surface and deep forms of heterogeneity to diagnostic systems: do we need a new approach to subtyping of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.1-3 Titre : Editorial: Distinguishing between the challenges posed by surface and deep forms of heterogeneity to diagnostic systems: do we need a new approach to subtyping of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-3 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Heterogeneity  diagnostic systems  nosology  taxonomics, subtyping  psychiatric disorders, child, adolescent  DSM-5  RDoC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Diagnostic formulations attempt to impose order on the messy reality of psychopathological phenomena. By doing this, so their advocates argue, they provide both the platform necessary for systematic scientific study, and, crucially, the bridge of shared terms and concepts vital if psychiatric science is to be truly translational; where scientific endeavour is guided by clinical priorities and, in-turn, scientific findings innovate clinical practice. The diagnostic schemes we currently work with, taking DSM-5 as the obvious case, are the product of an interesting historical process of ongoing revision – at the same time pragmatic and scientific. On the one hand, it is a process both anchored firmly in historical precedent and constrained by the practical needs of clinicians, patients and health insurance companies. On the other hand, it is a process open to new empirical data about how to best cluster symptomatic expressions and differentiate clinical presentations – so that over historical time diagnostic categories achieve an increasingly accurate mapping of the taxonomy (i.e., underlying structure), and related pathophysiology, of psychiatric phenomenon. Resolving the inevitable tensions that arise when trying to reconcile these pragmatic (economic and professional) and scientific priorities has proved to be both challenging and contentious. The study of heterogeneity as exemplified by the articles highlighted in this editorial indicate a range of different approaches that can be effectively used to refine psychiatric taxonomies by incorporating developmental and pathophysiological data to help identify new putative subtypes of potential therapeutic significance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12506 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Editorial: Distinguishing between the challenges posed by surface and deep forms of heterogeneity to diagnostic systems: do we need a new approach to subtyping of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.1-3. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.1-3 Mots-clés : Heterogeneity  diagnostic systems  nosology  taxonomics, subtyping  psychiatric disorders, child, adolescent  DSM-5  RDoC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Diagnostic formulations attempt to impose order on the messy reality of psychopathological phenomena. By doing this, so their advocates argue, they provide both the platform necessary for systematic scientific study, and, crucially, the bridge of shared terms and concepts vital if psychiatric science is to be truly translational; where scientific endeavour is guided by clinical priorities and, in-turn, scientific findings innovate clinical practice. The diagnostic schemes we currently work with, taking DSM-5 as the obvious case, are the product of an interesting historical process of ongoing revision – at the same time pragmatic and scientific. On the one hand, it is a process both anchored firmly in historical precedent and constrained by the practical needs of clinicians, patients and health insurance companies. On the other hand, it is a process open to new empirical data about how to best cluster symptomatic expressions and differentiate clinical presentations – so that over historical time diagnostic categories achieve an increasingly accurate mapping of the taxonomy (i.e., underlying structure), and related pathophysiology, of psychiatric phenomenon. Resolving the inevitable tensions that arise when trying to reconcile these pragmatic (economic and professional) and scientific priorities has proved to be both challenging and contentious. The study of heterogeneity as exemplified by the articles highlighted in this editorial indicate a range of different approaches that can be effectively used to refine psychiatric taxonomies by incorporating developmental and pathophysiological data to help identify new putative subtypes of potential therapeutic significance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12506 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Research Review: Use of EEG biomarkers in child psychiatry research – current state and future directions / Sandra K. LOO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.4-17 Titre : Research Review: Use of EEG biomarkers in child psychiatry research – current state and future directions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sandra K. LOO, Auteur ; Agatha LENARTOWICZ, Auteur ; Scott MAKEIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4-17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : EEG  event-related potential  brain imaging  neurophysiology  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Electroencephalography (EEG) and related measures have a long and productive history in child psychopathology research and are currently experiencing a renaissance in interest, particularly for use as putative biomarkers. Method and Scope First, the recent history leading to the use of EEG measures as endophenotypes and biomarkers for disease and treatment response are reviewed. Two key controversies within the area of noninvasive human electrophysiology research are discussed, and problems that currently either function as barriers or provide gateways to progress. First, the differences between the main types of EEG measurements (event-related potentials, quantitative EEG, and time–frequency measures) and how they can contribute collectively to better understanding of cortical dynamics underlying cognition and behavior are highlighted. Second, we focus on the ongoing shift in analytic focus to specific cortical sources and source networks whose dynamics are relevant to the clinical and experimental focus of the study, and the effective increase in source signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that may be obtained in the process. Conclusions Understanding of these issues informs any discussion of current trends in EEG research. We highlight possible ways to evolve our understanding of brain dynamics beyond the apparent contradictions in understanding and modeling EEG activity highlighted by these controversies. Finally, we summarize some promising future directions of EEG biomarker research in child psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12435 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Research Review: Use of EEG biomarkers in child psychiatry research – current state and future directions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sandra K. LOO, Auteur ; Agatha LENARTOWICZ, Auteur ; Scott MAKEIG, Auteur . - p.4-17. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.4-17 Mots-clés : EEG  event-related potential  brain imaging  neurophysiology  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Electroencephalography (EEG) and related measures have a long and productive history in child psychopathology research and are currently experiencing a renaissance in interest, particularly for use as putative biomarkers. Method and Scope First, the recent history leading to the use of EEG measures as endophenotypes and biomarkers for disease and treatment response are reviewed. Two key controversies within the area of noninvasive human electrophysiology research are discussed, and problems that currently either function as barriers or provide gateways to progress. First, the differences between the main types of EEG measurements (event-related potentials, quantitative EEG, and time–frequency measures) and how they can contribute collectively to better understanding of cortical dynamics underlying cognition and behavior are highlighted. Second, we focus on the ongoing shift in analytic focus to specific cortical sources and source networks whose dynamics are relevant to the clinical and experimental focus of the study, and the effective increase in source signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that may be obtained in the process. Conclusions Understanding of these issues informs any discussion of current trends in EEG research. We highlight possible ways to evolve our understanding of brain dynamics beyond the apparent contradictions in understanding and modeling EEG activity highlighted by these controversies. Finally, we summarize some promising future directions of EEG biomarker research in child psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12435 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Subfactors of oppositional defiant disorder: converging evidence from structural and latent class analyses / Kathrin HERZHOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.18-29 Titre : Subfactors of oppositional defiant disorder: converging evidence from structural and latent class analyses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathrin HERZHOFF, Auteur ; Jennifer L. TACKETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.18-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oppositional Defiant Disorder  comorbidity  irritability  personality  childhood  latent class analysis  gender differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Structural models of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms have gained empirical support but await greater empirical scrutiny on issues such as reconciliation between competing models, evidence for gender differences, and delineation of external correlates. More extensive validation evidence is particularly necessary in consideration of their incorporation in psychiatric nomenclature. Methods We fitted previously proposed, but competing, models to ODD symptoms assessed with the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (Shaffer et al., 2000, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 39, 28) in a community sample and then fitted the best-fitting model in a replication sample (combined N = 730, Mage = 9.89, SD = 0.75). Analyses also examined potential classes based on resulting subfactors, gender differences, longitudinal associations with later behavioral problems, and concurrent personality associations. Results Burke's (2010) two-factor model composed of Irritability and Oppositionality subfactors best fit the data. Irritability and Oppositionality showed convergent and divergent patterns of association with personality traits at T1 and with externalizing and internalizing problems at T2. Latent class analyses revealed three classes (low severity, irritable/combined, and oppositional) which showed parallel divergence in externalizing and internalizing problem comorbidity. These findings were largely robust across gender and samples. Conclusions These findings support Irritability/Oppositionality subfactors of ODD in two mixed-gender samples, demonstrate strong evidence for a lack of gender differences in such subfactors, and demonstrate their convergent and divergent validity in emergent latent classes, later behavioral problems, and personality correlates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12423 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Subfactors of oppositional defiant disorder: converging evidence from structural and latent class analyses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathrin HERZHOFF, Auteur ; Jennifer L. TACKETT, Auteur . - p.18-29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.18-29 Mots-clés : Oppositional Defiant Disorder  comorbidity  irritability  personality  childhood  latent class analysis  gender differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Structural models of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms have gained empirical support but await greater empirical scrutiny on issues such as reconciliation between competing models, evidence for gender differences, and delineation of external correlates. More extensive validation evidence is particularly necessary in consideration of their incorporation in psychiatric nomenclature. Methods We fitted previously proposed, but competing, models to ODD symptoms assessed with the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (Shaffer et al., 2000, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 39, 28) in a community sample and then fitted the best-fitting model in a replication sample (combined N = 730, Mage = 9.89, SD = 0.75). Analyses also examined potential classes based on resulting subfactors, gender differences, longitudinal associations with later behavioral problems, and concurrent personality associations. Results Burke's (2010) two-factor model composed of Irritability and Oppositionality subfactors best fit the data. Irritability and Oppositionality showed convergent and divergent patterns of association with personality traits at T1 and with externalizing and internalizing problems at T2. Latent class analyses revealed three classes (low severity, irritable/combined, and oppositional) which showed parallel divergence in externalizing and internalizing problem comorbidity. These findings were largely robust across gender and samples. Conclusions These findings support Irritability/Oppositionality subfactors of ODD in two mixed-gender samples, demonstrate strong evidence for a lack of gender differences in such subfactors, and demonstrate their convergent and divergent validity in emergent latent classes, later behavioral problems, and personality correlates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12423 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Executive function in children with externalizing and comorbid internalizing behavior problems / Steven WOLTERING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.30-38 Titre : Executive function in children with externalizing and comorbid internalizing behavior problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Steven WOLTERING, Auteur ; Victoria LISHAK, Auteur ; Nick HODGSON, Auteur ; Isabela GRANIC, Auteur ; Philip David ZELAZO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.30-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behaviour problems  child development  individual differences  executive function  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The goal of this study is to investigate differences in executive function (EF) in children with different levels of disruptive behavior problems (DBP). Methods Ninety-three children between 7 and 12 years old with DBP were compared to 63 normally developing peers on a battery of EF tasks that varied in the amount of required emotion regulation (‘hot’ EF). Results Differences in EF were found between DBP and comparison groups as indexed by hot EF tasks. Self-reported emotion scales, in conjunction with physiological recordings of heart rate, confirmed that emotions were elicited during hot EF. Conclusions Results suggest that difficulties in hot EF underlie externalizing problem behaviors in middle childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12428 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Executive function in children with externalizing and comorbid internalizing behavior problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Steven WOLTERING, Auteur ; Victoria LISHAK, Auteur ; Nick HODGSON, Auteur ; Isabela GRANIC, Auteur ; Philip David ZELAZO, Auteur . - p.30-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.30-38 Mots-clés : Behaviour problems  child development  individual differences  executive function  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The goal of this study is to investigate differences in executive function (EF) in children with different levels of disruptive behavior problems (DBP). Methods Ninety-three children between 7 and 12 years old with DBP were compared to 63 normally developing peers on a battery of EF tasks that varied in the amount of required emotion regulation (‘hot’ EF). Results Differences in EF were found between DBP and comparison groups as indexed by hot EF tasks. Self-reported emotion scales, in conjunction with physiological recordings of heart rate, confirmed that emotions were elicited during hot EF. Conclusions Results suggest that difficulties in hot EF underlie externalizing problem behaviors in middle childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12428 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors / Marco BATTAGLIA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.39-46 Titre : Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marco BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Évelyne TOUCHETTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle GARON-CARRIER, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Separation anxiety  trajectories  risk factors  internalising disorders  development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Little is known about how children differ in the onset and evolution of separation anxiety (SA) symptoms during the preschool years, and how SA develops into separation anxiety disorder. In a large, representative population-based sample, we investigated the developmental trajectories of SA symptoms from infancy to school entry, their early associated risk factors, and their associations with teachers' ratings of SA in kindergarten. Methods Longitudinal assessment of SA trajectories and risk factors in a cohort of 1,933 families between the ages of 1.5 and 6 years. Results Analyses revealed a best-fitting, 4-trajectory solution, including a prevailing, unaffected Low-Persistent group (60.2%), and three smaller groups of distinct developmental course: a High-Increasing (6.9%), a High-Decreasing (10.8%), and a Low-Increasing group (22.1%). The High-Increasing group remained high throughout the preschool years and was the only trajectory to predict teacher-assessed SA at age 6 years. Except for the High-Increasing, all trajectories showed substantial reduction in symptoms by age 6 years. The High-Increasing and High-Decreasing groups shared several early risk factors, but the former was uniquely associated with higher maternal depression, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and parental unemployment. Conclusions Most children with high SA profile at age 1.5 years are expected to progressively recover by age 4–5. High SA at age 1.5 that persists over time deserves special attention, and may predict separation anxiety disorder. A host of child perinatal, parental and family-contextual risk factors were associated with the onset and developmental course of SA across the preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marco BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Évelyne TOUCHETTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle GARON-CARRIER, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur . - p.39-46. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.39-46 Mots-clés : Separation anxiety  trajectories  risk factors  internalising disorders  development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Little is known about how children differ in the onset and evolution of separation anxiety (SA) symptoms during the preschool years, and how SA develops into separation anxiety disorder. In a large, representative population-based sample, we investigated the developmental trajectories of SA symptoms from infancy to school entry, their early associated risk factors, and their associations with teachers' ratings of SA in kindergarten. Methods Longitudinal assessment of SA trajectories and risk factors in a cohort of 1,933 families between the ages of 1.5 and 6 years. Results Analyses revealed a best-fitting, 4-trajectory solution, including a prevailing, unaffected Low-Persistent group (60.2%), and three smaller groups of distinct developmental course: a High-Increasing (6.9%), a High-Decreasing (10.8%), and a Low-Increasing group (22.1%). The High-Increasing group remained high throughout the preschool years and was the only trajectory to predict teacher-assessed SA at age 6 years. Except for the High-Increasing, all trajectories showed substantial reduction in symptoms by age 6 years. The High-Increasing and High-Decreasing groups shared several early risk factors, but the former was uniquely associated with higher maternal depression, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and parental unemployment. Conclusions Most children with high SA profile at age 1.5 years are expected to progressively recover by age 4–5. High SA at age 1.5 that persists over time deserves special attention, and may predict separation anxiety disorder. A host of child perinatal, parental and family-contextual risk factors were associated with the onset and developmental course of SA across the preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Emotional insecurity in the family and community and youth delinquency in Northern Ireland: a person-oriented analysis across five waves / E. Mark CUMMINGS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.47-54 Titre : Emotional insecurity in the family and community and youth delinquency in Northern Ireland: a person-oriented analysis across five waves Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Laura K. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Christine E. MERRILEES, Auteur ; Marcie C. GOEKE-MOREY, Auteur ; Peter SHIRLOW, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.47-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Political violence  social ecology  family  community  mental health  emotional security  delinquency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Over one billion children are exposed worldwide to political violence and armed conflict. Currently, conclusions about bases for adjustment problems are qualified by limited longitudinal research from a process-oriented, social-ecological perspective. In this study, we examined a theoretically-based model for the impact of multiple levels of the social ecology (family, community) on adolescent delinquency. Specifically, this study explored the impact of children's emotional insecurity about both the family and community on youth delinquency in Northern Ireland. Methods In the context of a five-wave longitudinal research design, participants included 999 mother–child dyads in Belfast (482 boys, 517 girls), drawn from socially-deprived, ethnically-homogenous areas that had experienced political violence. Youth ranged in age from 10 to 20 and were 12.18 (SD = 1.82) years old on average at Time 1. Findings The longitudinal analyses were conducted in hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), allowing for the modeling of interindividual differences in intraindividual change. Intraindividual trajectories of emotional insecurity about the family related to children's delinquency. Greater insecurity about the community worsened the impact of family conflict on youth's insecurity about the family, consistent with the notion that youth's insecurity about the community sensitizes them to exposure to family conflict in the home. Conclusions The results suggest that ameliorating children's insecurity about family and community in contexts of political violence is an important goal toward improving adolescents’ well-being, including reduced risk for delinquency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Emotional insecurity in the family and community and youth delinquency in Northern Ireland: a person-oriented analysis across five waves [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Laura K. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Christine E. MERRILEES, Auteur ; Marcie C. GOEKE-MOREY, Auteur ; Peter SHIRLOW, Auteur . - p.47-54. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.47-54 Mots-clés : Political violence  social ecology  family  community  mental health  emotional security  delinquency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Over one billion children are exposed worldwide to political violence and armed conflict. Currently, conclusions about bases for adjustment problems are qualified by limited longitudinal research from a process-oriented, social-ecological perspective. In this study, we examined a theoretically-based model for the impact of multiple levels of the social ecology (family, community) on adolescent delinquency. Specifically, this study explored the impact of children's emotional insecurity about both the family and community on youth delinquency in Northern Ireland. Methods In the context of a five-wave longitudinal research design, participants included 999 mother–child dyads in Belfast (482 boys, 517 girls), drawn from socially-deprived, ethnically-homogenous areas that had experienced political violence. Youth ranged in age from 10 to 20 and were 12.18 (SD = 1.82) years old on average at Time 1. Findings The longitudinal analyses were conducted in hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), allowing for the modeling of interindividual differences in intraindividual change. Intraindividual trajectories of emotional insecurity about the family related to children's delinquency. Greater insecurity about the community worsened the impact of family conflict on youth's insecurity about the family, consistent with the notion that youth's insecurity about the community sensitizes them to exposure to family conflict in the home. Conclusions The results suggest that ameliorating children's insecurity about family and community in contexts of political violence is an important goal toward improving adolescents’ well-being, including reduced risk for delinquency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12427 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Default mode network maturation and psychopathology in children and adolescents / João Ricardo SATO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.55-64 Titre : Default mode network maturation and psychopathology in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : João Ricardo SATO, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Nicolas CROSSLEY, Auteur ; Gilson VIEIRA, Auteur ; Gisele Gus MANFRO, Auteur ; André ZUGMAN, Auteur ; Felipe Almeida PICON, Auteur ; Pedro M. PAN, Auteur ; Marcelo Queiroz HOEXTER, Auteur ; Mauricio ANÉS, Auteur ; Luciana Monteiro MOURA, Auteur ; Marco Antonio Gomes DEL'AQUILLA, Auteur ; Edson Amaro JR, Auteur ; Philip MCGUIRE, Auteur ; Acioly Luiz Tavares LACERDA, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Euripedes Constantino MIGUEL, Auteur ; Andrea Parolin JACKOWSKI, Auteur ; Rodrigo Affonseca BRESSAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.55-64 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neurodevelopment  default mode network  neuroimaging  psychopathology  MVPA Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The human default mode (DMN) is involved in a wide array of mental disorders. Current knowledge suggests that mental health disorders may reflect deviant trajectories of brain maturation. Method We studied 654 children using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans under a resting-state protocol. A machine-learning method was used to obtain age predictions of children based on the average coefficient of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) of the DMN, a measure of spontaneous local activity. The chronological ages of the children and fALFF measures from regions of this network, the response and predictor variables were considered respectively in a Gaussian Process Regression. Subsequently, we computed a network maturation status index for each subject (actual age minus predicted). We then evaluated the association between this maturation index and psychopathology scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results Our hypothesis was that the maturation status of the DMN would be negatively associated with psychopathology. Consistent with previous studies, fALFF significantly predicted the age of participants (p < .001). Furthermore, as expected, we found an association between the DMN maturation status (precocious vs. delayed) and general psychopathology scores (p = .011). Conclusions Our findings suggest that child psychopathology seems to be associated with delayed maturation of the DMN. This delay in the neurodevelopmental trajectory may offer interesting insights into the pathophysiology of mental health disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12444 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Default mode network maturation and psychopathology in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / João Ricardo SATO, Auteur ; Giovanni A. SALUM, Auteur ; Ary GADELHA, Auteur ; Nicolas CROSSLEY, Auteur ; Gilson VIEIRA, Auteur ; Gisele Gus MANFRO, Auteur ; André ZUGMAN, Auteur ; Felipe Almeida PICON, Auteur ; Pedro M. PAN, Auteur ; Marcelo Queiroz HOEXTER, Auteur ; Mauricio ANÉS, Auteur ; Luciana Monteiro MOURA, Auteur ; Marco Antonio Gomes DEL'AQUILLA, Auteur ; Edson Amaro JR, Auteur ; Philip MCGUIRE, Auteur ; Acioly Luiz Tavares LACERDA, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Euripedes Constantino MIGUEL, Auteur ; Andrea Parolin JACKOWSKI, Auteur ; Rodrigo Affonseca BRESSAN, Auteur . - p.55-64. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.55-64 Mots-clés : Neurodevelopment  default mode network  neuroimaging  psychopathology  MVPA Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The human default mode (DMN) is involved in a wide array of mental disorders. Current knowledge suggests that mental health disorders may reflect deviant trajectories of brain maturation. Method We studied 654 children using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans under a resting-state protocol. A machine-learning method was used to obtain age predictions of children based on the average coefficient of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) of the DMN, a measure of spontaneous local activity. The chronological ages of the children and fALFF measures from regions of this network, the response and predictor variables were considered respectively in a Gaussian Process Regression. Subsequently, we computed a network maturation status index for each subject (actual age minus predicted). We then evaluated the association between this maturation index and psychopathology scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results Our hypothesis was that the maturation status of the DMN would be negatively associated with psychopathology. Consistent with previous studies, fALFF significantly predicted the age of participants (p < .001). Furthermore, as expected, we found an association between the DMN maturation status (precocious vs. delayed) and general psychopathology scores (p = .011). Conclusions Our findings suggest that child psychopathology seems to be associated with delayed maturation of the DMN. This delay in the neurodevelopmental trajectory may offer interesting insights into the pathophysiology of mental health disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12444 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Younger children experience lower levels of language competence and academic progress in the first year of school: evidence from a population study / Courtenay F. NORBURY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.65-73 Titre : Younger children experience lower levels of language competence and academic progress in the first year of school: evidence from a population study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Courtenay F. NORBURY, Auteur ; Debbie GOOCH, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65-73 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Relative age  language impairment  behaviour problems  academic achievement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The youngest children in an academic year are reported to be educationally disadvantaged and overrepresented in referrals to clinical services. In this study we investigate for the first time whether these disadvantages are indicative of a mismatch between language competence at school entry and the academic demands of the classroom. Methods We recruited a population sample of 7,267 children aged 4 years 9 months to 5 years 10 months attending state-maintained reception classrooms in Surrey, England. Teacher ratings on the Children's Communication Checklist-Short (CCC-S), a measure of language competence, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Total Difficulties Score (SDQ), a measure of behavioural problems, and the Early Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP), a measure of academic attainment, were obtained at the end of the reception year. Results The youngest children were rated by teachers as having more language deficits, behaviour problems, and poorer academic progress at the end of the school year. Language deficits were highly associated with behaviour problems; adjusted odds ratio 8.70, 95% CI [7.25–10.45]. Only 4.8% of children with teacher-rated language deficits and 1.3% of those with co-occurring language and behaviour difficulties obtained a ‘Good Level of Development’ on the EYFSP. While age predicted unique variance in academic attainment (1%), language competence was the largest associate of academic achievement (19%). Conclusion The youngest children starting school have relatively immature language and behaviour skills and many are not yet ready to meet the academic and social demands of the classroom. At a population level, developing oral language skills and/or ensuring academic targets reflect developmental capacity could substantially reduce the numbers of children requiring specialist clinical services in later years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Younger children experience lower levels of language competence and academic progress in the first year of school: evidence from a population study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Courtenay F. NORBURY, Auteur ; Debbie GOOCH, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur . - p.65-73. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.65-73 Mots-clés : Relative age  language impairment  behaviour problems  academic achievement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The youngest children in an academic year are reported to be educationally disadvantaged and overrepresented in referrals to clinical services. In this study we investigate for the first time whether these disadvantages are indicative of a mismatch between language competence at school entry and the academic demands of the classroom. Methods We recruited a population sample of 7,267 children aged 4 years 9 months to 5 years 10 months attending state-maintained reception classrooms in Surrey, England. Teacher ratings on the Children's Communication Checklist-Short (CCC-S), a measure of language competence, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Total Difficulties Score (SDQ), a measure of behavioural problems, and the Early Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP), a measure of academic attainment, were obtained at the end of the reception year. Results The youngest children were rated by teachers as having more language deficits, behaviour problems, and poorer academic progress at the end of the school year. Language deficits were highly associated with behaviour problems; adjusted odds ratio 8.70, 95% CI [7.25–10.45]. Only 4.8% of children with teacher-rated language deficits and 1.3% of those with co-occurring language and behaviour difficulties obtained a ‘Good Level of Development’ on the EYFSP. While age predicted unique variance in academic attainment (1%), language competence was the largest associate of academic achievement (19%). Conclusion The youngest children starting school have relatively immature language and behaviour skills and many are not yet ready to meet the academic and social demands of the classroom. At a population level, developing oral language skills and/or ensuring academic targets reflect developmental capacity could substantially reduce the numbers of children requiring specialist clinical services in later years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

A proprietary herbal medicine (5-Ling Granule) for Tourette syndrome: a randomized controlled trial / Yi ZHENG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.74-83 Titre : A proprietary herbal medicine (5-Ling Granule) for Tourette syndrome: a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yi ZHENG, Auteur ; Zhang-Jin ZHANG, Auteur ; Xin-Min HAN, Auteur ; Ying DING, Auteur ; Yu-Yan CHEN, Auteur ; Xue-Feng WANG, Auteur ; Xiao-Wei WEI, Auteur ; Min-Jie WANG, Auteur ; Yan CHENG, Auteur ; Zhao-Hong NIE, Auteur ; Min ZHAO, Auteur ; Xi-Xi ZHENG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.74-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Tourette syndrome  tics  herbal medicine  tiapride  5-Ling Granule Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common tic disorder in children and adolescents. There is preliminary evidence that herbal medicine may possess the potential to treat tics. The purpose of this study was to formally evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5-Ling Granule (5-LGr), a proprietary polyherbal product, for the treatment of patients with TS in comparison with tiapride and placebo. Methods In this multisite, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 603 patients with TS aged 5–18 years were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo (n = 117), tiapride (n = 123, 200–400 mg/day) or 5-LGr (n = 363, 15–22.5 g/day) for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was measured using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and its subscales, total tic Score (TTS) and tic-related impairment. Incidence of adverse events was compared among the three groups. Results While tics of all patients were reduced over time, 5-LGr and tiapride treatment produced significantly greater improvement on the YGTSS overall scale and subscale for TTS and impairment at endpoint than the placebo. Seventy-four percentage of patients in the 5-LGr arm and 68.3% in the tiapride arm had clinical response and these rates of response were significantly higher than those on placebo (44.0%, p < .001). The incidence of overall adverse events was significantly fewer for patients on placebo and 5-LGr compared to tiapride (11.2% and 13.8% vs. 26.0%, p = .002); in particular physical tiredness, dizziness and sleep disturbance. Conclusions The clinical efficacy of 5-LGr is comparable to tiapride in reducing tics. Its safety profile is better than tiapride. 5-LGr can be considered a safe and effective therapy for TS (Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01501695). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] A proprietary herbal medicine (5-Ling Granule) for Tourette syndrome: a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yi ZHENG, Auteur ; Zhang-Jin ZHANG, Auteur ; Xin-Min HAN, Auteur ; Ying DING, Auteur ; Yu-Yan CHEN, Auteur ; Xue-Feng WANG, Auteur ; Xiao-Wei WEI, Auteur ; Min-Jie WANG, Auteur ; Yan CHENG, Auteur ; Zhao-Hong NIE, Auteur ; Min ZHAO, Auteur ; Xi-Xi ZHENG, Auteur . - p.74-83. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.74-83 Mots-clés : Tourette syndrome  tics  herbal medicine  tiapride  5-Ling Granule Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common tic disorder in children and adolescents. There is preliminary evidence that herbal medicine may possess the potential to treat tics. The purpose of this study was to formally evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5-Ling Granule (5-LGr), a proprietary polyherbal product, for the treatment of patients with TS in comparison with tiapride and placebo. Methods In this multisite, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 603 patients with TS aged 5–18 years were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo (n = 117), tiapride (n = 123, 200–400 mg/day) or 5-LGr (n = 363, 15–22.5 g/day) for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was measured using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and its subscales, total tic Score (TTS) and tic-related impairment. Incidence of adverse events was compared among the three groups. Results While tics of all patients were reduced over time, 5-LGr and tiapride treatment produced significantly greater improvement on the YGTSS overall scale and subscale for TTS and impairment at endpoint than the placebo. Seventy-four percentage of patients in the 5-LGr arm and 68.3% in the tiapride arm had clinical response and these rates of response were significantly higher than those on placebo (44.0%, p < .001). The incidence of overall adverse events was significantly fewer for patients on placebo and 5-LGr compared to tiapride (11.2% and 13.8% vs. 26.0%, p = .002); in particular physical tiredness, dizziness and sleep disturbance. Conclusions The clinical efficacy of 5-LGr is comparable to tiapride in reducing tics. Its safety profile is better than tiapride. 5-LGr can be considered a safe and effective therapy for TS (Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01501695). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others / Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.84-92 Titre : Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth MEINS, Auteur ; Charles FERNYHOUGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.84-92 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion understanding  callous-unemotional traits  theory of mind  mind-mindedness  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Problems in understanding other people's mental states may relate to distinct personality traits that are associated with early externalizing behavior. A distinction between theory of mind (ToM) and empathy has proven important in shedding light on the problems in understanding other minds encountered by children high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits and exhibiting impulsivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether children's early ToM and emotion understanding abilities predicted CU traits and impulsivity at age 10. A further aim was to explore whether the quality of the parent–child relationship very early in the development indirectly or directly predicted the children's CU traits and impulsivity. Method We examined whether ToM and empathy skills might differentially relate to personality traits associated with externalizing behaviors (i.e., impulsivity and CU traits). We examined these relations over time in a longitudinal cohort of 96 boys and girls using follow-back analyses, incorporating measures of maternal mind-mindedness (appropriate mind-related talk) to examine the possible role of parent–child interaction quality. Results Appropriate mind-related talk indirectly predicted CU traits (at age 10 years) via its effect on children's emotion understanding. ToM predicted impulsive/irresponsible traits, but ceased to be significant when controlling for externalizing behaviors. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate that parents who remark appropriately on their infant's mental states may help the child to understand emotions and may mold an empathic understanding of others, thereby preventing CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Callous-unemotional traits and impulsivity: distinct longitudinal relations with mind-mindedness and understanding of others [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luna C. M. CENTIFANTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth MEINS, Auteur ; Charles FERNYHOUGH, Auteur . - p.84-92. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.84-92 Mots-clés : Emotion understanding  callous-unemotional traits  theory of mind  mind-mindedness  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Problems in understanding other people's mental states may relate to distinct personality traits that are associated with early externalizing behavior. A distinction between theory of mind (ToM) and empathy has proven important in shedding light on the problems in understanding other minds encountered by children high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits and exhibiting impulsivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether children's early ToM and emotion understanding abilities predicted CU traits and impulsivity at age 10. A further aim was to explore whether the quality of the parent–child relationship very early in the development indirectly or directly predicted the children's CU traits and impulsivity. Method We examined whether ToM and empathy skills might differentially relate to personality traits associated with externalizing behaviors (i.e., impulsivity and CU traits). We examined these relations over time in a longitudinal cohort of 96 boys and girls using follow-back analyses, incorporating measures of maternal mind-mindedness (appropriate mind-related talk) to examine the possible role of parent–child interaction quality. Results Appropriate mind-related talk indirectly predicted CU traits (at age 10 years) via its effect on children's emotion understanding. ToM predicted impulsive/irresponsible traits, but ceased to be significant when controlling for externalizing behaviors. Conclusion The present findings demonstrate that parents who remark appropriately on their infant's mental states may help the child to understand emotions and may mold an empathic understanding of others, thereby preventing CU traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12445 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes / So Hyun KIM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.93-102 Titre : Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.93-102 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  toddlers  diagnosis  clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Phenotypic heterogeneity among toddlers presenting with ASD symptoms complicates diagnostic considerations and limits our ability to predict long-term outcomes. To address this concern, we sought to identify more homogeneous subgroups within ASD based on toddlers’ clinical profiles in the second year of life, evaluating diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes within the subgroups 1–2 years later. Methods One hundred toddlers referred for suspected ASD underwent comprehensive assessments at 22 months (SD = 3) and 37 months (SD = 4). At 22 months, they were clustered based on symptom severity, developmental skills, and adaptive functioning. Diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes were evaluated within the clusters. Results Four clusters characterized by distinct clinical profiles at the time of the first diagnosis were identified. Diagnostic stability was excellent in 3 out of 4 clusters (93%–100%) and was lowest in the initially least affected cluster (85%). Autism symptom severity was stable, except for one group where it increased over time (16% of the sample). A large proportion of toddlers showed significant improvements in verbal and communication skills. Only a small group (17%) exhibited very low levels of functioning and limited gains over time. Conclusions Diagnostic stability and developmental progression from the second to third year of life in toddlers with ASD vary depending on their initial early profiles of relative strengths and deficits. Although a small minority of toddlers with more complex clinical presentations may not retain their diagnoses by the age of three, most children continue to exhibit symptoms of autism. Despite limited improvements in symptom severity, many children show significant gains in verbal functioning. Only a small proportion of children (17%) exhibit very limited gains despite intensive intervention. These findings support continued efforts to examine determinants of developmental trajectories including factors mediating and moderating response to treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.93-102. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.93-102 Mots-clés : ASD  toddlers  diagnosis  clinical outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Phenotypic heterogeneity among toddlers presenting with ASD symptoms complicates diagnostic considerations and limits our ability to predict long-term outcomes. To address this concern, we sought to identify more homogeneous subgroups within ASD based on toddlers’ clinical profiles in the second year of life, evaluating diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes within the subgroups 1–2 years later. Methods One hundred toddlers referred for suspected ASD underwent comprehensive assessments at 22 months (SD = 3) and 37 months (SD = 4). At 22 months, they were clustered based on symptom severity, developmental skills, and adaptive functioning. Diagnostic stability and clinical outcomes were evaluated within the clusters. Results Four clusters characterized by distinct clinical profiles at the time of the first diagnosis were identified. Diagnostic stability was excellent in 3 out of 4 clusters (93%–100%) and was lowest in the initially least affected cluster (85%). Autism symptom severity was stable, except for one group where it increased over time (16% of the sample). A large proportion of toddlers showed significant improvements in verbal and communication skills. Only a small group (17%) exhibited very low levels of functioning and limited gains over time. Conclusions Diagnostic stability and developmental progression from the second to third year of life in toddlers with ASD vary depending on their initial early profiles of relative strengths and deficits. Although a small minority of toddlers with more complex clinical presentations may not retain their diagnoses by the age of three, most children continue to exhibit symptoms of autism. Despite limited improvements in symptom severity, many children show significant gains in verbal functioning. Only a small proportion of children (17%) exhibit very limited gains despite intensive intervention. These findings support continued efforts to examine determinants of developmental trajectories including factors mediating and moderating response to treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder / Huey-Ling CHIANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.103-111 Titre : Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.103-111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  inattention  hyperactivity/impulsivity  anxiety  depression  oppositional  mediator  social adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience long-term social impairment and their comorbid psychiatric conditions negatively impact adaptive functioning. The aims of the study are to investigate whether comorbid psychopathologies, such as anxiety/depression, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and oppositional behaviors, mediated the link between autistic symptoms and social maladjustment. Method One hundred and twenty-four youths diagnosed with a clinical diagnosis of DSM-IV ASD (mean age, 10.6 ± 3.3 years) participated in this longitudinal study. They were assessed using semistructured diagnostic interviews on ASD and other psychiatric conditions at recruitment. Follow-up interviews took place approximately 3 years later (37.59 ± 15 months) while the parents reported to the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents on their children's social adjustment. Mediation models were used to examine the mediating effect of comorbid psychopathologies on social adjustment. Results Youths with ASD had worse school, peer, and home functions than controls at follow-up assessment. In general, comorbid psychiatric conditions mediated the link between autistic symptoms and different domains of social adjustment, independent of age, sex, and full-scale IQ. Additionally, we found specific mediating effects of anxiety/depression and inattention on school functions; anxiety/depression on peer relationships; and oppositional behaviors on home behaviors. Conclusion Early comorbid psychopathologies may further impair later social adjustment in youths with ASD and an early identification and intervention of these comorbid conditions are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12450 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Comorbid psychiatric conditions as mediators to predict later social adjustment in youths with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur . - p.103-111. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.103-111 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  inattention  hyperactivity/impulsivity  anxiety  depression  oppositional  mediator  social adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience long-term social impairment and their comorbid psychiatric conditions negatively impact adaptive functioning. The aims of the study are to investigate whether comorbid psychopathologies, such as anxiety/depression, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and oppositional behaviors, mediated the link between autistic symptoms and social maladjustment. Method One hundred and twenty-four youths diagnosed with a clinical diagnosis of DSM-IV ASD (mean age, 10.6 ± 3.3 years) participated in this longitudinal study. They were assessed using semistructured diagnostic interviews on ASD and other psychiatric conditions at recruitment. Follow-up interviews took place approximately 3 years later (37.59 ± 15 months) while the parents reported to the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents on their children's social adjustment. Mediation models were used to examine the mediating effect of comorbid psychopathologies on social adjustment. Results Youths with ASD had worse school, peer, and home functions than controls at follow-up assessment. In general, comorbid psychiatric conditions mediated the link between autistic symptoms and different domains of social adjustment, independent of age, sex, and full-scale IQ. Additionally, we found specific mediating effects of anxiety/depression and inattention on school functions; anxiety/depression on peer relationships; and oppositional behaviors on home behaviors. Conclusion Early comorbid psychopathologies may further impair later social adjustment in youths with ASD and an early identification and intervention of these comorbid conditions are suggested. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12450 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273