Dépouillements

The conundrums of human development – implications for the study of child and adolescent disorder / Alice M. GREGORY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.749-752 Titre : The conundrums of human development – implications for the study of child and adolescent disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.749-752 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  child  development  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The conundrums inherent in the study of child and adolescent development are likely never far from the minds of the readers of JCPP. The complexity of development is flagged clearly in this issue. Included papers remind us that the link between associations (here maternal depression and child internalising problems) can change over short time periods. Even when the magnitude of associations stay consistent over time (here between the home environment and depression), there may be different aetiological processes underlying these links. Going forward, we should not lose sight of the significance of small changes in study designs, whether concerning the age range of participants, stipulated reporting periods and data analysis decisions (such as combining data from different age groups). The value of longitudinal data in addressing these questions remains paramount. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12760 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] The conundrums of human development – implications for the study of child and adolescent disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur . - p.749-752. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.749-752 Mots-clés : Adolescent  child  development  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The conundrums inherent in the study of child and adolescent development are likely never far from the minds of the readers of JCPP. The complexity of development is flagged clearly in this issue. Included papers remind us that the link between associations (here maternal depression and child internalising problems) can change over short time periods. Even when the magnitude of associations stay consistent over time (here between the home environment and depression), there may be different aetiological processes underlying these links. Going forward, we should not lose sight of the significance of small changes in study designs, whether concerning the age range of participants, stipulated reporting periods and data analysis decisions (such as combining data from different age groups). The value of longitudinal data in addressing these questions remains paramount. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12760 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Research Review: Childhood chronic physical illness and adult emotional health – a systematic review and meta-analysis / Ekin SECINTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.753-769 Titre : Research Review: Childhood chronic physical illness and adult emotional health – a systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ekin SECINTI, Auteur ; Ellen J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Marcus RICHARDS, Auteur ; Darya GAYSINA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.753-769 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression  anxiety  chronic disorders  meta-analysis  paediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood chronic physical illness is associated with a greater vulnerability for emotional problems (i.e. depression and anxiety) in childhood. However, little is known about life-long effects of childhood chronic physical illness on mental health. The present study aims to systematically review evidence for associations between eight chronic physical illnesses with childhood onset (arthritis, asthma, cancer, chronic renal failure, congenital heart disease, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes, and epilepsy) and adult emotional problems. Methods A database search of MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and ScienceDirect was undertaken, and random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise evidence from eligible studies. Results In total, 37 studies were eligible for the systematic review (n = 45,733) and of these, 34 studies were included in the meta-analyses (n = 45,358). There were overall associations between childhood chronic physical illness and adult depression (OR = 1.31; 95% CI [1.12, 1.54]) and anxiety (OR = 1.47; 95% CI [1.13, 1.92]). Separate meta-analyses for childhood asthma, type 1 diabetes and cancer were also conducted, with cancer being significantly associated with adult depression (OR = 1.19; 95% CI [1.00, 1.42]). Conclusions The effects of childhood chronic physical illness on the risk of emotional problems persist beyond childhood and adolescence. Mental health prevention and intervention strategies targeting children with chronic physical illnesses can have long-term benefits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Research Review: Childhood chronic physical illness and adult emotional health – a systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ekin SECINTI, Auteur ; Ellen J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Marcus RICHARDS, Auteur ; Darya GAYSINA, Auteur . - p.753-769. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.753-769 Mots-clés : Depression  anxiety  chronic disorders  meta-analysis  paediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood chronic physical illness is associated with a greater vulnerability for emotional problems (i.e. depression and anxiety) in childhood. However, little is known about life-long effects of childhood chronic physical illness on mental health. The present study aims to systematically review evidence for associations between eight chronic physical illnesses with childhood onset (arthritis, asthma, cancer, chronic renal failure, congenital heart disease, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes, and epilepsy) and adult emotional problems. Methods A database search of MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and ScienceDirect was undertaken, and random effects meta-analyses were used to synthesise evidence from eligible studies. Results In total, 37 studies were eligible for the systematic review (n = 45,733) and of these, 34 studies were included in the meta-analyses (n = 45,358). There were overall associations between childhood chronic physical illness and adult depression (OR = 1.31; 95% CI [1.12, 1.54]) and anxiety (OR = 1.47; 95% CI [1.13, 1.92]). Separate meta-analyses for childhood asthma, type 1 diabetes and cancer were also conducted, with cancer being significantly associated with adult depression (OR = 1.19; 95% CI [1.00, 1.42]). Conclusions The effects of childhood chronic physical illness on the risk of emotional problems persist beyond childhood and adolescence. Mental health prevention and intervention strategies targeting children with chronic physical illnesses can have long-term benefits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Early adversity and learning: implications for typical and atypical behavioral development / Jamie L. HANSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.770-778 Titre : Early adversity and learning: implications for typical and atypical behavioral development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jamie L. HANSON, Auteur ; Wouter VAN DEN BOS, Auteur ; Barbara J. ROEBER, Auteur ; Karen D. RUDOLPH, Auteur ; Richard J. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Seth D. POLLAK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.770-778 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Learning  child development  social behavior  early life experience  child abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children who experience early adversity often develop emotion regulatory problems, but little is known about the mechanisms that mediate this relation. We tested whether general associative learning processes contribute to associations between adversity, in the form of child maltreatment, and negative behavioral outcomes. Methods Eighty-one participants between 12 and 17 years of age were recruited for this study and completed a probabilistic learning Task. Forty-one of these participants had been exposed to physical abuse, a form of early adversity. Forty additional participants without any known history of maltreatment served as a comparison group. All participants (and their parents) also completed portions of the Youth Life Stress Interview to understand adolescent's behavior. We calculated measures of associative learning, and also constructed mathematical models of learning. Results We found that adolescents exposed to high levels of adversity early in their lives had lower levels of associative learning than comparison adolescents. In addition, we found that impaired associative learning partially explained the higher levels of behavioral problems among youth who suffered early adversity. Using mathematical models, we also found that two components of learning were specifically affected in children exposed to adversity: choice variability and biases in their beliefs about the likelihood of rewards in the environment. Conclusions Participants who had been exposed to early adversity were less able than their peers to correctly learn which stimuli were likely to result in reward, even after repeated feedback. These individuals also used information about known rewards in their environments less often. In addition, individuals exposed to adversity made decisions early in the learning process as if rewards were less consistent and occurred more at random. These data suggest one mechanism through which early life experience shapes behavioral development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12694 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Early adversity and learning: implications for typical and atypical behavioral development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jamie L. HANSON, Auteur ; Wouter VAN DEN BOS, Auteur ; Barbara J. ROEBER, Auteur ; Karen D. RUDOLPH, Auteur ; Richard J. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Seth D. POLLAK, Auteur . - p.770-778. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.770-778 Mots-clés : Learning  child development  social behavior  early life experience  child abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children who experience early adversity often develop emotion regulatory problems, but little is known about the mechanisms that mediate this relation. We tested whether general associative learning processes contribute to associations between adversity, in the form of child maltreatment, and negative behavioral outcomes. Methods Eighty-one participants between 12 and 17 years of age were recruited for this study and completed a probabilistic learning Task. Forty-one of these participants had been exposed to physical abuse, a form of early adversity. Forty additional participants without any known history of maltreatment served as a comparison group. All participants (and their parents) also completed portions of the Youth Life Stress Interview to understand adolescent's behavior. We calculated measures of associative learning, and also constructed mathematical models of learning. Results We found that adolescents exposed to high levels of adversity early in their lives had lower levels of associative learning than comparison adolescents. In addition, we found that impaired associative learning partially explained the higher levels of behavioral problems among youth who suffered early adversity. Using mathematical models, we also found that two components of learning were specifically affected in children exposed to adversity: choice variability and biases in their beliefs about the likelihood of rewards in the environment. Conclusions Participants who had been exposed to early adversity were less able than their peers to correctly learn which stimuli were likely to result in reward, even after repeated feedback. These individuals also used information about known rewards in their environments less often. In addition, individuals exposed to adversity made decisions early in the learning process as if rewards were less consistent and occurred more at random. These data suggest one mechanism through which early life experience shapes behavioral development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12694 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Maternal perinatal and concurrent depressive symptoms and child behavior problems: a sibling comparison study / Line C. GJERDE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.779-786 Titre : Maternal perinatal and concurrent depressive symptoms and child behavior problems: a sibling comparison study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Line C. GJERDE, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Ted REICHBORN-KJENNERUD, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Henrik Daae ZACHRISSON, Auteur ; Imac Maria ZAMBRANA, Auteur ; Espen RØYSAMB, Auteur ; Kenneth S. KENDLER, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.779-786 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavior problems  Child Behavior Checklist  depression  MoBa  prenatal  postnatal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have found significant associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum depression and child behavior problems (CBP). The present study investigates whether associations remain in a prospective, longitudinal design adjusted for familial confounding. Methods The sample comprised 11,599 families including 17,830 siblings from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study. Mothers reported depressive symptoms at gestational weeks 17 and 30, as well as 6 months, 1.5, 3, and 5 years postpartum. Fathers’ depression was measured at gestational week 17. At the last three time-points, child internalizing and externalizing problems were concurrently assessed. We performed multilevel analyses for internalizing and externalizing problems separately, using parental depression as predictors. Analyses were repeated using a sibling comparison design to adjust for familial confounding. Results All parental depressive time-points were significantly and positively associated with child internalizing and externalizing problems. After sibling comparison, however, only concurrent maternal depression was significantly associated with internalizing [estimate = 2.82 (1.91–3.73, 95% CI)] and externalizing problems [estimate = 2.40 (1.56–3.23, 95% CI)]. The effect of concurrent maternal depression on internalizing problems increased with child age. Conclusions Our findings do not support the notion that perinatal maternal depression is particularly detrimental to children's psychological development, as the most robust effects were found for maternal depression occurring during preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Maternal perinatal and concurrent depressive symptoms and child behavior problems: a sibling comparison study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Line C. GJERDE, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Ted REICHBORN-KJENNERUD, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Henrik Daae ZACHRISSON, Auteur ; Imac Maria ZAMBRANA, Auteur ; Espen RØYSAMB, Auteur ; Kenneth S. KENDLER, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur . - p.779-786. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.779-786 Mots-clés : Behavior problems  Child Behavior Checklist  depression  MoBa  prenatal  postnatal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have found significant associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum depression and child behavior problems (CBP). The present study investigates whether associations remain in a prospective, longitudinal design adjusted for familial confounding. Methods The sample comprised 11,599 families including 17,830 siblings from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study. Mothers reported depressive symptoms at gestational weeks 17 and 30, as well as 6 months, 1.5, 3, and 5 years postpartum. Fathers’ depression was measured at gestational week 17. At the last three time-points, child internalizing and externalizing problems were concurrently assessed. We performed multilevel analyses for internalizing and externalizing problems separately, using parental depression as predictors. Analyses were repeated using a sibling comparison design to adjust for familial confounding. Results All parental depressive time-points were significantly and positively associated with child internalizing and externalizing problems. After sibling comparison, however, only concurrent maternal depression was significantly associated with internalizing [estimate = 2.82 (1.91–3.73, 95% CI)] and externalizing problems [estimate = 2.40 (1.56–3.23, 95% CI)]. The effect of concurrent maternal depression on internalizing problems increased with child age. Conclusions Our findings do not support the notion that perinatal maternal depression is particularly detrimental to children's psychological development, as the most robust effects were found for maternal depression occurring during preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Developmental change in the association between adolescent depressive symptoms and the home environment: results from a longitudinal, genetically informative investigation / Laurie J. HANNIGAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.787-797 Titre : Developmental change in the association between adolescent depressive symptoms and the home environment: results from a longitudinal, genetically informative investigation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laurie J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.787-797 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression  adolescence  home environment  parenting  gene–environment correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Depression is already highly prevalent by late adolescence, indicating that research into its developmental emergence should consider earlier risk factors and environmental contexts. The home environment is a key context for children and adolescents throughout development. However, the nature of relationships that exist between aspects of the home environment and the development of depressive symptoms cannot be assumed. Genetically informative studies have been used to provide insights about the aetiology of such relationships, often finding them to be partly confounded by the influence of children's genes. Here, we investigate developmental change in the aetiology of the association between aspects of the home environment and depressive symptoms at the onset of adolescence. Methods We used longitudinal child- and parent-report data from >5,000 twin pairs enrolled in the UK-representative Twins Early Development Study. Multivariate, genetically sensitive structural equation models were used to decompose latent variance and covariance in depressive symptoms (measured at 12 and 16 years) and aspects of the home environment (at 9 and 14 years) into genetic and environmental influences. Results Going from childhood to adolescence, genetic influences accounted for an increasing proportion of the association [30% (16–42) of r = .44 in childhood; 40% (25–61) of r = .43 in adolescence], at the expense of shared environmental influences, which decreased from 70% (58–83) to 48% (29–62). Unique environmental influences accounted for a significant proportion of the association in adolescence only [12% (06–18)]. Developmental changes could largely be attributed to subtle shifts in the relative importance of stable aetiological factors, rather than the emergence of influences unique to adolescence. Conclusions These findings emphasise the importance of developmental and aetiological context in interpreting associations between aspects of the home environment and child emotional outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12689 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Developmental change in the association between adolescent depressive symptoms and the home environment: results from a longitudinal, genetically informative investigation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laurie J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur . - p.787-797. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.787-797 Mots-clés : Depression  adolescence  home environment  parenting  gene–environment correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Depression is already highly prevalent by late adolescence, indicating that research into its developmental emergence should consider earlier risk factors and environmental contexts. The home environment is a key context for children and adolescents throughout development. However, the nature of relationships that exist between aspects of the home environment and the development of depressive symptoms cannot be assumed. Genetically informative studies have been used to provide insights about the aetiology of such relationships, often finding them to be partly confounded by the influence of children's genes. Here, we investigate developmental change in the aetiology of the association between aspects of the home environment and depressive symptoms at the onset of adolescence. Methods We used longitudinal child- and parent-report data from >5,000 twin pairs enrolled in the UK-representative Twins Early Development Study. Multivariate, genetically sensitive structural equation models were used to decompose latent variance and covariance in depressive symptoms (measured at 12 and 16 years) and aspects of the home environment (at 9 and 14 years) into genetic and environmental influences. Results Going from childhood to adolescence, genetic influences accounted for an increasing proportion of the association [30% (16–42) of r = .44 in childhood; 40% (25–61) of r = .43 in adolescence], at the expense of shared environmental influences, which decreased from 70% (58–83) to 48% (29–62). Unique environmental influences accounted for a significant proportion of the association in adolescence only [12% (06–18)]. Developmental changes could largely be attributed to subtle shifts in the relative importance of stable aetiological factors, rather than the emergence of influences unique to adolescence. Conclusions These findings emphasise the importance of developmental and aetiological context in interpreting associations between aspects of the home environment and child emotional outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12689 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

SLC2A3 single-nucleotide polymorphism and duplication influence cognitive processing and population-specific risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Sören MERKER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.798-809 Titre : SLC2A3 single-nucleotide polymorphism and duplication influence cognitive processing and population-specific risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sören MERKER, Auteur ; Andreas REIF, Auteur ; Georg C. ZIEGLER, Auteur ; Heike WEBER, Auteur ; Ute MAYER, Auteur ; Ann-Christine EHLIS, Auteur ; Annette CONZELMANN, Auteur ; Stefan JOHANSSON, Auteur ; Clemens MÜLLER-REIBLE, Auteur ; Indrajit NANDA, Auteur ; Thomas HAAF, Auteur ; Reinhard ULLMANN, Auteur ; Marcel ROMANOS, Auteur ; Andreas J. FALLGATTER, Auteur ; Paul PAULI, Auteur ; Tatyana STREKALOVA, Auteur ; Charline JANSCH, Auteur ; Alejandro ARIAS-VASQUEZ, Auteur ; Jan HAAVIK, Auteur ; Marta RIBASES, Auteur ; Josep Antoni RAMOS-QUIROGA, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.798-809 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  glucose transporter  SLC2A3  single-nucleotide polymorphisms  duplication  copy number variants  energy homeostasis  frontostriatal network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder with profound cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial impairments with persistence across the life cycle. Our initial genome-wide screening approach for copy number variants (CNVs) in ADHD implicated a duplication of SLC2A3, encoding glucose transporter-3 (GLUT3). GLUT3 plays a critical role in cerebral glucose metabolism, providing energy for the activity of neurons, which, in turn, moderates the excitatory–inhibitory balance impacting both brain development and activity-dependent neural plasticity. We therefore aimed to provide additional genetic and functional evidence for GLUT3 dysfunction in ADHD. Methods Case–control association analyses of SLC2A3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and CNVs were conducted in several European cohorts of patients with childhood and adult ADHD (SNP, n = 1,886 vs. 1,988; CNV, n = 1,692 vs. 1,721). These studies were complemented by SLC2A3 expression analyses in peripheral cells, functional EEG recordings during neurocognitive tasks, and ratings of food energy content. Results Meta-analysis of all cohorts detected an association of SNP rs12842 with ADHD. While CNV analysis detected a population-specific enrichment of SLC2A3 duplications only in German ADHD patients, the CNV + rs12842 haplotype influenced ADHD risk in both the German and Spanish cohorts. Duplication carriers displayed elevated SLC2A3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells and altered event-related potentials reflecting deficits in working memory and cognitive response control, both endophenotypic traits of ADHD, and an underestimation of energy units of high-caloric food. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that both common and rare SLC2A3 variation impacting regulation of neuronal glucose utilization and energy homeostasis may result in neurocognitive deficits known to contribute to ADHD risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12702 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] SLC2A3 single-nucleotide polymorphism and duplication influence cognitive processing and population-specific risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sören MERKER, Auteur ; Andreas REIF, Auteur ; Georg C. ZIEGLER, Auteur ; Heike WEBER, Auteur ; Ute MAYER, Auteur ; Ann-Christine EHLIS, Auteur ; Annette CONZELMANN, Auteur ; Stefan JOHANSSON, Auteur ; Clemens MÜLLER-REIBLE, Auteur ; Indrajit NANDA, Auteur ; Thomas HAAF, Auteur ; Reinhard ULLMANN, Auteur ; Marcel ROMANOS, Auteur ; Andreas J. FALLGATTER, Auteur ; Paul PAULI, Auteur ; Tatyana STREKALOVA, Auteur ; Charline JANSCH, Auteur ; Alejandro ARIAS-VASQUEZ, Auteur ; Jan HAAVIK, Auteur ; Marta RIBASES, Auteur ; Josep Antoni RAMOS-QUIROGA, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur . - p.798-809. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.798-809 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  glucose transporter  SLC2A3  single-nucleotide polymorphisms  duplication  copy number variants  energy homeostasis  frontostriatal network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder with profound cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial impairments with persistence across the life cycle. Our initial genome-wide screening approach for copy number variants (CNVs) in ADHD implicated a duplication of SLC2A3, encoding glucose transporter-3 (GLUT3). GLUT3 plays a critical role in cerebral glucose metabolism, providing energy for the activity of neurons, which, in turn, moderates the excitatory–inhibitory balance impacting both brain development and activity-dependent neural plasticity. We therefore aimed to provide additional genetic and functional evidence for GLUT3 dysfunction in ADHD. Methods Case–control association analyses of SLC2A3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and CNVs were conducted in several European cohorts of patients with childhood and adult ADHD (SNP, n = 1,886 vs. 1,988; CNV, n = 1,692 vs. 1,721). These studies were complemented by SLC2A3 expression analyses in peripheral cells, functional EEG recordings during neurocognitive tasks, and ratings of food energy content. Results Meta-analysis of all cohorts detected an association of SNP rs12842 with ADHD. While CNV analysis detected a population-specific enrichment of SLC2A3 duplications only in German ADHD patients, the CNV + rs12842 haplotype influenced ADHD risk in both the German and Spanish cohorts. Duplication carriers displayed elevated SLC2A3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells and altered event-related potentials reflecting deficits in working memory and cognitive response control, both endophenotypic traits of ADHD, and an underestimation of energy units of high-caloric food. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicate that both common and rare SLC2A3 variation impacting regulation of neuronal glucose utilization and energy homeostasis may result in neurocognitive deficits known to contribute to ADHD risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12702 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Structural and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Dienke J. BOS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.810-818 Titre : Structural and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dienke J. BOS, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Michelle ACHTERBERG, Auteur ; Chantal VLASKAMP, Auteur ; Sara AMBROSINO, Auteur ; Marcel A. DE REUS, Auteur ; Martijn P. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Auteur ; Serge A. R. B. ROMBOUTS, Auteur ; Sarah DURSTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.810-818 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  functional connectivity  structural connectivity  Default Mode Network  developmental delay Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has frequently been associated with changes in resting-state functional connectivity, and decreased white matter (WM) integrity. In the current study, we investigated functional connectivity within Default Mode and frontal control resting-state networks (RSNs) in children with and without ADHD. We hypothesized the RSNs of interest would show a pattern of impaired functional integration and segregation and corresponding changes in WM structure. Methods Resting-state fMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging data were acquired from 35 participants with ADHD and 36 matched typically developing peers, aged 6 through 18 years. Functional connectivity was assessed using independent component analysis. Network topology and WM connectivity were further investigated using graph theoretical measures and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Results Resting-state fMRI analyses showed increased functional connectivity in right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the Default Mode and frontal control networks. Furthermore, a more diffuse spatial pattern of functional connectivity was found in children with ADHD. We found no group differences in structural connectivity as assessed with TBSS or graph theoretical measures. Conclusions Resting-state networks show a more diffuse pattern of connectivity in children with ADHD. The increases in functional connectivity in right IFG and bilateral mPFC in children with ADHD may reflect reduced or delayed functional segregation of prefrontal brain regions. As these functional changes were not accompanied by changes in WM, they may precede the development of the frequently reported changes in WM structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Structural and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dienke J. BOS, Auteur ; Bob ORANJE, Auteur ; Michelle ACHTERBERG, Auteur ; Chantal VLASKAMP, Auteur ; Sara AMBROSINO, Auteur ; Marcel A. DE REUS, Auteur ; Martijn P. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Auteur ; Serge A. R. B. ROMBOUTS, Auteur ; Sarah DURSTON, Auteur . - p.810-818. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.810-818 Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  functional connectivity  structural connectivity  Default Mode Network  developmental delay Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has frequently been associated with changes in resting-state functional connectivity, and decreased white matter (WM) integrity. In the current study, we investigated functional connectivity within Default Mode and frontal control resting-state networks (RSNs) in children with and without ADHD. We hypothesized the RSNs of interest would show a pattern of impaired functional integration and segregation and corresponding changes in WM structure. Methods Resting-state fMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging data were acquired from 35 participants with ADHD and 36 matched typically developing peers, aged 6 through 18 years. Functional connectivity was assessed using independent component analysis. Network topology and WM connectivity were further investigated using graph theoretical measures and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Results Resting-state fMRI analyses showed increased functional connectivity in right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the Default Mode and frontal control networks. Furthermore, a more diffuse spatial pattern of functional connectivity was found in children with ADHD. We found no group differences in structural connectivity as assessed with TBSS or graph theoretical measures. Conclusions Resting-state networks show a more diffuse pattern of connectivity in children with ADHD. The increases in functional connectivity in right IFG and bilateral mPFC in children with ADHD may reflect reduced or delayed functional segregation of prefrontal brain regions. As these functional changes were not accompanied by changes in WM, they may precede the development of the frequently reported changes in WM structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder / Suzanne L. MACARI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.819-828 Titre : Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Daniel J. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.819-828 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although temperament has been recognized as an important contributor to childhood psychopathology, its role in emergent autism spectrum phenotypes is not well understood. This study examined whether toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display temperamental vulnerabilities compared to toddlers with other developmental challenges, whether these characteristics are distinct from core autism symptoms, if they are stable over time, and if they contribute to social outcomes in preschool. Methods Parents of 165 toddlers with ASD, 58 nonverbal ability- and chronological age- (CA) matched developmentally delayed (DD) toddlers, and 92 CA-matched typically developing (TD) toddlers completed the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire-Supplemental (TBAQ-S) at 26 months (SD = 6; Time 1). TBAQ-S data were also available for a subset of toddlers with ASD (n = 126) at 43 months (SD = 9; Time 2). Results Compared to the DD and TD groups, toddlers with ASD exhibited vulnerabilities within the Effortful Control domain as well as the Surgency domain. They also displayed greater Negative Emotionality compared to TD peers. In the ASD group, temperamental characteristics were not concurrently related to autism severity or developmental level and individual differences were highly stable over time. Changes in Perceptual Sensitivity, Inhibitory Control, and Low-Intensity Pleasure from age 2 to 3.5 uniquely predicted autism symptom severity and adaptive social skill level at Time 2. Conclusions Temperamental vulnerabilities in toddlers with ASD are stable over time and involve attentional and behavioral control as well as affective reactivity. They contribute uniquely to social outcomes in preschool and are likely to signal risk for developing later maladaptive attentional, affective, and behavioral symptoms. Considering biologically based dimensions may shed light on noncore facets of the early ASD phenotype that are potentially relevant to the emergence of comorbid conditions later in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12710 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Daniel J. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur . - p.819-828. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.819-828 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although temperament has been recognized as an important contributor to childhood psychopathology, its role in emergent autism spectrum phenotypes is not well understood. This study examined whether toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display temperamental vulnerabilities compared to toddlers with other developmental challenges, whether these characteristics are distinct from core autism symptoms, if they are stable over time, and if they contribute to social outcomes in preschool. Methods Parents of 165 toddlers with ASD, 58 nonverbal ability- and chronological age- (CA) matched developmentally delayed (DD) toddlers, and 92 CA-matched typically developing (TD) toddlers completed the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire-Supplemental (TBAQ-S) at 26 months (SD = 6; Time 1). TBAQ-S data were also available for a subset of toddlers with ASD (n = 126) at 43 months (SD = 9; Time 2). Results Compared to the DD and TD groups, toddlers with ASD exhibited vulnerabilities within the Effortful Control domain as well as the Surgency domain. They also displayed greater Negative Emotionality compared to TD peers. In the ASD group, temperamental characteristics were not concurrently related to autism severity or developmental level and individual differences were highly stable over time. Changes in Perceptual Sensitivity, Inhibitory Control, and Low-Intensity Pleasure from age 2 to 3.5 uniquely predicted autism symptom severity and adaptive social skill level at Time 2. Conclusions Temperamental vulnerabilities in toddlers with ASD are stable over time and involve attentional and behavioral control as well as affective reactivity. They contribute uniquely to social outcomes in preschool and are likely to signal risk for developing later maladaptive attentional, affective, and behavioral symptoms. Considering biologically based dimensions may shed light on noncore facets of the early ASD phenotype that are potentially relevant to the emergence of comorbid conditions later in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12710 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Informant discrepancy defines discrete, clinically useful autism spectrum disorder subgroups / Matthew D. LERNER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.829-839 Titre : Informant discrepancy defines discrete, clinically useful autism spectrum disorder subgroups Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur ; Andres DE LOS REYES, Auteur ; Deborah A.G. DRABICK, Auteur ; Alan H. GERBER, Auteur ; Kenneth D. GADOW, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.829-839 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  phenotype  nosology  assessment  questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Discrepancy between informants (parents and teachers) in severity ratings of core symptoms commonly arise when assessing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether such discrepancy yields unique information about the ASD phenotype and its clinical correlates has not been examined. We examined whether degree of discrepancy between parent and teacher ASD symptom ratings defines discrete, clinically meaningful subgroups of youth with ASD using an efficient, cost-effective procedure. Methods Children with ASD (N = 283; 82% boys; Mage = 10.5 years) were drawn from a specialty ASD clinic. Parents and teachers provided ratings of the three core DSM-IV-TR domains of ASD symptoms (communication, social, and perseverative behavior) with the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4R (CASI-4R). External validators included child psychotropic medication status, frequency of ASD-relevant school-based services, and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2). Results Four distinct subgroups emerged that ranged from large between-informant discrepancy (informant-specific) to relative lack of discrepancy (i.e. informant agreement; cross-situational): Moderate Parent/Low Teacher or Low Parent/Moderate Teacher Severity (Discrepancy), and Moderate or High Symptom Severity (Agreement). Subgroups were highly distinct (mean probability of group assignment = 94%). Relative to Discrepancy subgroups, Agreement subgroups were more likely to receive psychotropic medication, school-based special education services, and an ADOS-2 diagnosis. These differential associations would not have been identified based solely on CASI-4R scores from one informant. Conclusions The degree of parent–teacher discrepancy about ASD symptom severity appears to provide more clinically useful information than reliance on a specific symptom domain or informant, and thus yields an innovative, cost-effective approach to assessing functional impairment. This conclusion stands in contrast to existing symptom clustering approaches in ASD, which treat within-informant patterns of symptom severity as generalizable across settings. Within-child variability in symptom expression across settings may yield uniquely useful information for characterizing the ASD phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12730 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Informant discrepancy defines discrete, clinically useful autism spectrum disorder subgroups [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Matthew D. LERNER, Auteur ; Andres DE LOS REYES, Auteur ; Deborah A.G. DRABICK, Auteur ; Alan H. GERBER, Auteur ; Kenneth D. GADOW, Auteur . - p.829-839. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.829-839 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  phenotype  nosology  assessment  questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Discrepancy between informants (parents and teachers) in severity ratings of core symptoms commonly arise when assessing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether such discrepancy yields unique information about the ASD phenotype and its clinical correlates has not been examined. We examined whether degree of discrepancy between parent and teacher ASD symptom ratings defines discrete, clinically meaningful subgroups of youth with ASD using an efficient, cost-effective procedure. Methods Children with ASD (N = 283; 82% boys; Mage = 10.5 years) were drawn from a specialty ASD clinic. Parents and teachers provided ratings of the three core DSM-IV-TR domains of ASD symptoms (communication, social, and perseverative behavior) with the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4R (CASI-4R). External validators included child psychotropic medication status, frequency of ASD-relevant school-based services, and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2). Results Four distinct subgroups emerged that ranged from large between-informant discrepancy (informant-specific) to relative lack of discrepancy (i.e. informant agreement; cross-situational): Moderate Parent/Low Teacher or Low Parent/Moderate Teacher Severity (Discrepancy), and Moderate or High Symptom Severity (Agreement). Subgroups were highly distinct (mean probability of group assignment = 94%). Relative to Discrepancy subgroups, Agreement subgroups were more likely to receive psychotropic medication, school-based special education services, and an ADOS-2 diagnosis. These differential associations would not have been identified based solely on CASI-4R scores from one informant. Conclusions The degree of parent–teacher discrepancy about ASD symptom severity appears to provide more clinically useful information than reliance on a specific symptom domain or informant, and thus yields an innovative, cost-effective approach to assessing functional impairment. This conclusion stands in contrast to existing symptom clustering approaches in ASD, which treat within-informant patterns of symptom severity as generalizable across settings. Within-child variability in symptom expression across settings may yield uniquely useful information for characterizing the ASD phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12730 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

A randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of the Tackling Teenage psychosexual training program for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Kirsten VISSER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.840-850 Titre : A randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of the Tackling Teenage psychosexual training program for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kirsten VISSER, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur ; Nouchka T. TICK, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Athanasios MARAS, Auteur ; Esther J. M. VAN DER VEGT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.840-850 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  autism spectrum disorders  sexual behavior  intervention  randomized controlled trial design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous research underscores the importance of psychosexual guidance for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Such guidance is provided in the Tackling Teenage Training (TTT) program, in which adolescents with ASD receive psycho-education and practice communicative skills regarding topics related to puberty, sexuality, and intimate relationships. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of the TTT program on (a) cognitive outcomes (i.e. psychosexual knowledge, and insight in interpersonal boundaries) and (b) behavioral outcomes (i.e. skills needed for romantic relationships and problematic sexual behavior). Methods A total of 189 cognitively able adolescents with ASD, aged 12–18 years old, were randomized to an intervention condition (n = 95) or a waiting-list control condition (n = 94). We assessed outcomes using self-reported as well as parent-reported questionnaires at baseline (T1), posttreatment (T2; after 6 months), and follow-up (T3; after 12 months). Results Linear mixed model analyses showed significant treatment effects for psychosexual knowledge and adequate insight in boundaries, both posttreatment and at follow-up. All adolescents increased significantly over time in their social responsiveness and decreased their problematic sexual behavior, irrespectively of condition. The TTT program was most effective for younger adolescents with ASD; following the TTT program resulted in higher psychosexual knowledge, and higher social functioning for these adolescents. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the TTT program is effective as a psycho-educational program to provide adolescents with ASD with the knowledge and insight they need to prepare themselves for a healthy psychosexual development. Further research is needed to investigate how this increased knowledge and insight can subsequently ameliorate improvements in romantic skills and prevent the development of problematic sexual behavior and victimization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12709 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] A randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of the Tackling Teenage psychosexual training program for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kirsten VISSER, Auteur ; Kirstin GREAVES-LORD, Auteur ; Nouchka T. TICK, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Athanasios MARAS, Auteur ; Esther J. M. VAN DER VEGT, Auteur . - p.840-850. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.840-850 Mots-clés : Adolescence  autism spectrum disorders  sexual behavior  intervention  randomized controlled trial design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous research underscores the importance of psychosexual guidance for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Such guidance is provided in the Tackling Teenage Training (TTT) program, in which adolescents with ASD receive psycho-education and practice communicative skills regarding topics related to puberty, sexuality, and intimate relationships. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of the TTT program on (a) cognitive outcomes (i.e. psychosexual knowledge, and insight in interpersonal boundaries) and (b) behavioral outcomes (i.e. skills needed for romantic relationships and problematic sexual behavior). Methods A total of 189 cognitively able adolescents with ASD, aged 12–18 years old, were randomized to an intervention condition (n = 95) or a waiting-list control condition (n = 94). We assessed outcomes using self-reported as well as parent-reported questionnaires at baseline (T1), posttreatment (T2; after 6 months), and follow-up (T3; after 12 months). Results Linear mixed model analyses showed significant treatment effects for psychosexual knowledge and adequate insight in boundaries, both posttreatment and at follow-up. All adolescents increased significantly over time in their social responsiveness and decreased their problematic sexual behavior, irrespectively of condition. The TTT program was most effective for younger adolescents with ASD; following the TTT program resulted in higher psychosexual knowledge, and higher social functioning for these adolescents. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the TTT program is effective as a psycho-educational program to provide adolescents with ASD with the knowledge and insight they need to prepare themselves for a healthy psychosexual development. Further research is needed to investigate how this increased knowledge and insight can subsequently ameliorate improvements in romantic skills and prevent the development of problematic sexual behavior and victimization. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12709 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Stress vulnerability in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome: experimental study investigating heart rate variability and skin conductance responses / Katharine A. RIMES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.851-858 Titre : Stress vulnerability in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome: experimental study investigating heart rate variability and skin conductance responses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katharine A. RIMES, Auteur ; Kate LIEVESLEY, Auteur ; Trudie CHALDER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.851-858 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Chronic fatigue syndrome  myalgic encephalomyelitis  adolescence  autonomic nervous system  fatigue  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Stress vulnerability has been implicated in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), but has rarely been investigated directly. This study compared psychological and physiological responses to a laboratory social performance task in adolescents with CFS with chronic illness (asthma) and healthy control groups. Methods Adolescents with CFS (n = 60), adolescents with asthma (n = 31) and healthy adolescents (n = 78) completed questionnaires before and after a social performance task. Skin conductance responses (SCR; mean SCR and Max–Min) and heart rate variability (low frequency/high frequency; LF/HF and root mean square difference of successive RR intervals; RMSSD) was measured before, during and after the task. Results Baseline heart rate variability (HRV) (RMSSD) was significantly lower in the CFS and Asthma groups than the HC. During the speech, the CFS and Asthma groups had higher HRV (LF/HF) than the HC, adjusting for baseline LF/HF. Although the asthma group showed a subsequent reduction in HRV during recovery, the CFS group did not. Similarly, during recovery after the task, the CFS group showed a continued increase in skin conductance (Min–Max), unlike the Asthma and HC groups. Compared to control groups, adolescents with CFS expected to find the task more difficult, were more anxious beforehand and afterwards, rated it as more difficult, evaluated their performance more negatively and had lower observer ratings of performance. Parents of adolescents with CFS expected that their child would perform less well in the task than parents of control participants. Conclusions Adolescents with CFS showed autonomic nervous system responses that are consistent with chronic stress vulnerability, difficulty coping with acute stress and slower recovery after acute stress. Self-report measures also indicated greater trait, pre- and posttask anxiety in the CFS group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12711 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Stress vulnerability in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome: experimental study investigating heart rate variability and skin conductance responses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katharine A. RIMES, Auteur ; Kate LIEVESLEY, Auteur ; Trudie CHALDER, Auteur . - p.851-858. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.851-858 Mots-clés : Chronic fatigue syndrome  myalgic encephalomyelitis  adolescence  autonomic nervous system  fatigue  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Stress vulnerability has been implicated in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), but has rarely been investigated directly. This study compared psychological and physiological responses to a laboratory social performance task in adolescents with CFS with chronic illness (asthma) and healthy control groups. Methods Adolescents with CFS (n = 60), adolescents with asthma (n = 31) and healthy adolescents (n = 78) completed questionnaires before and after a social performance task. Skin conductance responses (SCR; mean SCR and Max–Min) and heart rate variability (low frequency/high frequency; LF/HF and root mean square difference of successive RR intervals; RMSSD) was measured before, during and after the task. Results Baseline heart rate variability (HRV) (RMSSD) was significantly lower in the CFS and Asthma groups than the HC. During the speech, the CFS and Asthma groups had higher HRV (LF/HF) than the HC, adjusting for baseline LF/HF. Although the asthma group showed a subsequent reduction in HRV during recovery, the CFS group did not. Similarly, during recovery after the task, the CFS group showed a continued increase in skin conductance (Min–Max), unlike the Asthma and HC groups. Compared to control groups, adolescents with CFS expected to find the task more difficult, were more anxious beforehand and afterwards, rated it as more difficult, evaluated their performance more negatively and had lower observer ratings of performance. Parents of adolescents with CFS expected that their child would perform less well in the task than parents of control participants. Conclusions Adolescents with CFS showed autonomic nervous system responses that are consistent with chronic stress vulnerability, difficulty coping with acute stress and slower recovery after acute stress. Self-report measures also indicated greater trait, pre- and posttask anxiety in the CFS group. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12711 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316

Editorial Perspective: The use of person-first language in scholarly writing may accentuate stigma / Morton Ann GERNSBACHER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.859-861 Titre : Editorial Perspective: The use of person-first language in scholarly writing may accentuate stigma Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Morton Ann GERNSBACHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.859-861 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous style guides, including those issued by the American Psychological and the American Psychiatric Associations, prescribe that writers use only person-first language so that nouns referring to persons (e.g. children) always precede phrases referring to characteristics (e.g. children with typical development). Person-first language is based on the premise that everyone, regardless of whether they have a disability, is a person-first, and therefore everyone should be referred to with person-first language. However, my analysis of scholarly writing suggests that person-first language is used more frequently to refer to children with disabilities than to refer to children without disabilities; person-first language is more frequently used to refer to children with disabilities than adults with disabilities; and person-first language is most frequently used to refer to children with the most stigmatized disabilities. Therefore, the use of person-first language in scholarly writing may actually accentuate stigma rather than attenuate it. Recommendations are forwarded for language use that may reduce stigma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12706 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316 [article] Editorial Perspective: The use of person-first language in scholarly writing may accentuate stigma [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Morton Ann GERNSBACHER, Auteur . - p.859-861. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-7 (July 2017) . - p.859-861 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous style guides, including those issued by the American Psychological and the American Psychiatric Associations, prescribe that writers use only person-first language so that nouns referring to persons (e.g. children) always precede phrases referring to characteristics (e.g. children with typical development). Person-first language is based on the premise that everyone, regardless of whether they have a disability, is a person-first, and therefore everyone should be referred to with person-first language. However, my analysis of scholarly writing suggests that person-first language is used more frequently to refer to children with disabilities than to refer to children without disabilities; person-first language is more frequently used to refer to children with disabilities than adults with disabilities; and person-first language is most frequently used to refer to children with the most stigmatized disabilities. Therefore, the use of person-first language in scholarly writing may actually accentuate stigma rather than attenuate it. Recommendations are forwarded for language use that may reduce stigma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12706 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=316