Dépouillements

The uses of cognitive training technologies in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders / Sam V. WASS in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.851-871 Titre : The uses of cognitive training technologies in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sam V. WASS, Auteur ; Kaska PORAYSKA-POMSTA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.851-871 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  technology-enhanced behavioural interventions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this review, we focus on research that has used technology to provide cognitive training – i.e. to improve performance on some measurable aspect of behaviour – in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. We review technology-enhanced interventions that target three different cognitive domains: (a) emotion and face recognition, (b) language and literacy, and (c) social skills. The interventions reviewed allow for interaction through different modes, including point-and-click and eye-gaze contingent software, and are delivered through diverse implementations, including virtual reality and robotics. In each case, we examine the evidence of the degree of post-training improvement observed following the intervention, including evidence of transfer to altered behaviour in ecologically valid contexts. We conclude that a number of technological interventions have found that observed improvements within the computerised training paradigm fail to generalise to altered behaviour in more naturalistic settings, which may result from problems that people with autism spectrum disorders experience in generalising and extrapolating knowledge. However, we also point to several promising findings in this area. We discuss possible directions for future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499827 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241 [article] The uses of cognitive training technologies in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sam V. WASS, Auteur ; Kaska PORAYSKA-POMSTA, Auteur . - p.851-871. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.851-871 Mots-clés : autism  technology-enhanced behavioural interventions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this review, we focus on research that has used technology to provide cognitive training – i.e. to improve performance on some measurable aspect of behaviour – in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. We review technology-enhanced interventions that target three different cognitive domains: (a) emotion and face recognition, (b) language and literacy, and (c) social skills. The interventions reviewed allow for interaction through different modes, including point-and-click and eye-gaze contingent software, and are delivered through diverse implementations, including virtual reality and robotics. In each case, we examine the evidence of the degree of post-training improvement observed following the intervention, including evidence of transfer to altered behaviour in ecologically valid contexts. We conclude that a number of technological interventions have found that observed improvements within the computerised training paradigm fail to generalise to altered behaviour in more naturalistic settings, which may result from problems that people with autism spectrum disorders experience in generalising and extrapolating knowledge. However, we also point to several promising findings in this area. We discuss possible directions for future work. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499827 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241

The contribution of epigenetics to understanding genetic factors in autism / Layla HALL in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.872-881 Titre : The contribution of epigenetics to understanding genetic factors in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Layla HALL, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.872-881 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  epigenetic  genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a grouping of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and language, as well as by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. While the environment is believed to play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorder, there is now strong evidence for a genetic link to autism. Despite such evidence, studies investigating a potential single-gene cause for autism, although insightful, have been highly inconclusive. A consideration of an epigenetic approach proves to be very promising in clarifying genetic factors involved in autism. The present article is intended to provide a review of key findings pertaining to epigenetics in autism in such a way that a broader audience of individuals who do not have a strong background in genetics may better understand this highly specific and scientific content. Epigenetics refers to non-permanent heritable changes that alter expression of genes without altering the DNA sequence itself and considers the role of environment in this modulation of gene expression. This review provides a brief description of epigenetic processes, highlights evidence in the literature of epigenetic dysregulation in autism, and makes use of noteworthy findings to illustrate how a consideration of epigenetic factors can deepen our understanding of the development of autism. Furthermore, this discussion will present a promising new way for moving forward in the investigation of genetic factors within autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313503501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] The contribution of epigenetics to understanding genetic factors in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Layla HALL, Auteur ; Elizabeth KELLEY, Auteur . - p.872-881. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.872-881 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  epigenetic  genetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is a grouping of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and language, as well as by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. While the environment is believed to play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorder, there is now strong evidence for a genetic link to autism. Despite such evidence, studies investigating a potential single-gene cause for autism, although insightful, have been highly inconclusive. A consideration of an epigenetic approach proves to be very promising in clarifying genetic factors involved in autism. The present article is intended to provide a review of key findings pertaining to epigenetics in autism in such a way that a broader audience of individuals who do not have a strong background in genetics may better understand this highly specific and scientific content. Epigenetics refers to non-permanent heritable changes that alter expression of genes without altering the DNA sequence itself and considers the role of environment in this modulation of gene expression. This review provides a brief description of epigenetic processes, highlights evidence in the literature of epigenetic dysregulation in autism, and makes use of noteworthy findings to illustrate how a consideration of epigenetic factors can deepen our understanding of the development of autism. Furthermore, this discussion will present a promising new way for moving forward in the investigation of genetic factors within autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313503501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders / Rasa BUTRIMAVICIUTE in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.882-890 Titre : Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rasa BUTRIMAVICIUTE, Auteur ; Alan GRIEVE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.882-890 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  carers  challenging behaviour  interpretative phenomenological analysis  support workers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have demonstrated that being exposed to challenging behaviour in services of care can have a negative impact on staff. Recently, challenging behaviour has been linked to people with autism spectrum disorders; however, little research has been aimed at exploring staff’s experiences of facing such behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders in particular. A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. This method involves thorough exploration of experiences revealed by individuals. A purposive sample (N = 10) was used. Participants were involved in semi-structured interviews which were later analysed according to the guidelines by Smith and Osborn. Four themes were discovered: intense mental and physical engagement, importance of adaptive coping, ambiguous experience of failure and achievement and destructive emotional reactions. Being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders is a complex multi-component experience. The present results allow some insight into personal worlds of staff and might be useful for improving their working environment as well as ensuring a higher quality of care for service users. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rasa BUTRIMAVICIUTE, Auteur ; Alan GRIEVE, Auteur . - p.882-890. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.882-890 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  carers  challenging behaviour  interpretative phenomenological analysis  support workers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies have demonstrated that being exposed to challenging behaviour in services of care can have a negative impact on staff. Recently, challenging behaviour has been linked to people with autism spectrum disorders; however, little research has been aimed at exploring staff’s experiences of facing such behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders in particular. A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. This method involves thorough exploration of experiences revealed by individuals. A purposive sample (N = 10) was used. Participants were involved in semi-structured interviews which were later analysed according to the guidelines by Smith and Osborn. Four themes were discovered: intense mental and physical engagement, importance of adaptive coping, ambiguous experience of failure and achievement and destructive emotional reactions. Being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders is a complex multi-component experience. The present results allow some insight into personal worlds of staff and might be useful for improving their working environment as well as ensuring a higher quality of care for service users. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Augmentative and alternative communication supports for adults with autism spectrum disorders / David TREMBATH in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.891-902 Titre : Augmentative and alternative communication supports for adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David TREMBATH, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Katie LYON, Auteur ; Denise WEST, Auteur ; Hilary JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.891-902 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult  augmentative communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many adults with autism spectrum disorders have complex communication needs and may benefit from the use of augmentative and alternative communication. However, there is a lack of research examining the specific communication needs of these adults, let alone the outcomes of interventions aimed at addressing them. The aim of this study was to explore the views and experiences of support workers and family members regarding the outcomes of providing low-technology communication aids to adults with autism spectrum disorders. The participants were six support workers and two family members of six men and women with autism spectrum disorders, who had received low-technology communication aids. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews and following thematic analysis, the results revealed strong support for, and the potential benefits of, augmentative and alternative communication for both adults with autism spectrum disorders and their communication partners. The results also revealed inconsistencies in the actions taken to support the use of the prescribed augmentative and alternative communication systems, pointing to the clinical need to address common barriers to the provision of augmentative and alternative communication support. These barriers include organisational practices and limitations in the knowledge and skills of key stakeholders, as well as problematic attitudes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313486204 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Augmentative and alternative communication supports for adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David TREMBATH, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Katie LYON, Auteur ; Denise WEST, Auteur ; Hilary JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.891-902. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.891-902 Mots-clés : adult  augmentative communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many adults with autism spectrum disorders have complex communication needs and may benefit from the use of augmentative and alternative communication. However, there is a lack of research examining the specific communication needs of these adults, let alone the outcomes of interventions aimed at addressing them. The aim of this study was to explore the views and experiences of support workers and family members regarding the outcomes of providing low-technology communication aids to adults with autism spectrum disorders. The participants were six support workers and two family members of six men and women with autism spectrum disorders, who had received low-technology communication aids. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews and following thematic analysis, the results revealed strong support for, and the potential benefits of, augmentative and alternative communication for both adults with autism spectrum disorders and their communication partners. The results also revealed inconsistencies in the actions taken to support the use of the prescribed augmentative and alternative communication systems, pointing to the clinical need to address common barriers to the provision of augmentative and alternative communication support. These barriers include organisational practices and limitations in the knowledge and skills of key stakeholders, as well as problematic attitudes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313486204 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

The construction and evaluation of three measures of affectionate behaviour for children with Asperger’s syndrome / Kate SOFRONOFF in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.903-913 Titre : The construction and evaluation of three measures of affectionate behaviour for children with Asperger’s syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kate SOFRONOFF, Auteur ; Jessica LEE, Auteur ; Jeanie SHEFFIELD, Auteur ; Tony ATTWOOD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.903-913 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affection  affectionate behaviour  Asperger’s syndrome  measurement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with Asperger’s syndrome are often reported by their parents as having difficulties communicating affection. This study aimed to develop a valid measure of affectionate behaviour that could be used to investigate and quantify these anecdotal reports and then be used in further intervention research. Using parent and expert focus groups, three measures (Affection for Others Questionnaire, Affection for You Questionnaire and General Affection Questionnaire) were developed with reference to the existing affection literature. The measures were completed by 131 parents of children with a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of Asperger’s syndrome. Psychometric assessment of the measures revealed clear factor structures with high internal consistencies and significant concurrent validities. The findings suggest many children with Asperger’s syndrome have difficulties with affectionate behaviour that significantly impact their daily functioning and relationships with others, signalling future research needs to develop interventions in this area. Limitations of the research are also discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313496336 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] The construction and evaluation of three measures of affectionate behaviour for children with Asperger’s syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kate SOFRONOFF, Auteur ; Jessica LEE, Auteur ; Jeanie SHEFFIELD, Auteur ; Tony ATTWOOD, Auteur . - p.903-913. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.903-913 Mots-clés : Affection  affectionate behaviour  Asperger’s syndrome  measurement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with Asperger’s syndrome are often reported by their parents as having difficulties communicating affection. This study aimed to develop a valid measure of affectionate behaviour that could be used to investigate and quantify these anecdotal reports and then be used in further intervention research. Using parent and expert focus groups, three measures (Affection for Others Questionnaire, Affection for You Questionnaire and General Affection Questionnaire) were developed with reference to the existing affection literature. The measures were completed by 131 parents of children with a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of Asperger’s syndrome. Psychometric assessment of the measures revealed clear factor structures with high internal consistencies and significant concurrent validities. The findings suggest many children with Asperger’s syndrome have difficulties with affectionate behaviour that significantly impact their daily functioning and relationships with others, signalling future research needs to develop interventions in this area. Limitations of the research are also discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313496336 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Media use among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Melissa H. KUO in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.914-923 Titre : Media use among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melissa H. KUO, Auteur ; Gael I. ORSMOND, Auteur ; Wendy J. COSTER, Auteur ; Ellen S. COHN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.914-923 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent  autism spectrum disorder  media use  personal relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores how adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) use media, and the factors associated with their media use. A total of 91 adolescents with ASD and their parents completed mail-based surveys. In all, 78% of the adolescents with ASD watched television (approximately 2 h/day), and 98% used computers (approximately 5 h/day) on any given day. They most frequently watched cartoons, played computer or video games that involved shooting, and visited websites that contained information on video games. Adolescents with ASD who watched television with parents reported more positive parent–child relationships. Adolescents with ASD who visited social networking websites or received emails from friends reported more positive friendships. The findings help us understand media-use habits of adolescents with ASD and suggest areas for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313497832 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Media use among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melissa H. KUO, Auteur ; Gael I. ORSMOND, Auteur ; Wendy J. COSTER, Auteur ; Ellen S. COHN, Auteur . - p.914-923. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.914-923 Mots-clés : adolescent  autism spectrum disorder  media use  personal relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores how adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) use media, and the factors associated with their media use. A total of 91 adolescents with ASD and their parents completed mail-based surveys. In all, 78% of the adolescents with ASD watched television (approximately 2 h/day), and 98% used computers (approximately 5 h/day) on any given day. They most frequently watched cartoons, played computer or video games that involved shooting, and visited websites that contained information on video games. Adolescents with ASD who watched television with parents reported more positive parent–child relationships. Adolescents with ASD who visited social networking websites or received emails from friends reported more positive friendships. The findings help us understand media-use habits of adolescents with ASD and suggest areas for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313497832 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Longitudinal follow-up of factors associated with food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders / Michelle A. SUAREZ in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.924-932 Titre : Longitudinal follow-up of factors associated with food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle A. SUAREZ, Auteur ; Nickola W. NELSON, Auteur ; Amy B. CURTIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.924-932 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  food selectivity  sensory over-responsivity  sensory processing disorders  restrictive and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The objective of this study was to examine food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders longitudinally. Additionally explored were the stability of the relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity from time 1 to time 2 and the association between food selectivity and restricted and repetitive behavior at time 2. A total of 52 parents of children with autism were surveyed approximately 20 months after completing an initial questionnaire. First and second surveys each contained identical parent-response item to categorize food selectivity level and a scale to measure sensory over-responsivity. A new scale to measure restricted and repetitive behaviors was added at time 2. Results comparing time 1 to time 2 indicated no change in food selectivity level and a stable, significant relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity. The measure of restrictive and repetitive behavior (time 2) was found to significantly predict membership in the severe food selectivity group. However, when sensory over-responsivity and both restricted and repetitive behaviors were included in the regression model, only sensory over-responsivity significantly predicted severe food selectivity. These results support conclusions about the chronicity of food selectivity in young children with autism and the consistent relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Longitudinal follow-up of factors associated with food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle A. SUAREZ, Auteur ; Nickola W. NELSON, Auteur ; Amy B. CURTIS, Auteur . - p.924-932. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.924-932 Mots-clés : autism  food selectivity  sensory over-responsivity  sensory processing disorders  restrictive and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The objective of this study was to examine food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders longitudinally. Additionally explored were the stability of the relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity from time 1 to time 2 and the association between food selectivity and restricted and repetitive behavior at time 2. A total of 52 parents of children with autism were surveyed approximately 20 months after completing an initial questionnaire. First and second surveys each contained identical parent-response item to categorize food selectivity level and a scale to measure sensory over-responsivity. A new scale to measure restricted and repetitive behaviors was added at time 2. Results comparing time 1 to time 2 indicated no change in food selectivity level and a stable, significant relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity. The measure of restrictive and repetitive behavior (time 2) was found to significantly predict membership in the severe food selectivity group. However, when sensory over-responsivity and both restricted and repetitive behaviors were included in the regression model, only sensory over-responsivity significantly predicted severe food selectivity. These results support conclusions about the chronicity of food selectivity in young children with autism and the consistent relationship between food selectivity and sensory over-responsivity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Psychotropic medication use among children with autism spectrum disorders within the Simons Simplex Collection: Are core features of autism spectrum disorder related? / Sarah S. MIRE in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.933-942 Titre : Psychotropic medication use among children with autism spectrum disorders within the Simons Simplex Collection: Are core features of autism spectrum disorder related? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah S. MIRE, Auteur ; Kerri P. NOWELL, Auteur ; Thomas KUBISZYN, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.933-942 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  core features  psychotropic medication use  Simons Simplex Collection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychotropic medication use and its relationship to autism spectrum core features were examined in a well-characterized but nonstratified North American sample (N = 1605) of children/adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders utilizing the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised, from the multisite Simons Simplex Collection. Analyses included (a) prevalence of psychotropic use (overall, and by classes), (b) correlations between prevalence of use and autism spectrum core features, age, and cognitive functioning, and (c) logistic regression to identify whether these factors were predictive of psychotropic use. Results indicated 41.7% ever used one or more classes of psychotropic medications, with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications used most. Small but significant correlations between psychotropic medication use and (a) social impairment (p .001) and (b) repetitive behaviors (p .001) were found. Overall, however, autism spectrum disorder core features are weakly related to medication use. Older children used more psychotropics (p .001), and higher cognitive functioning was associated with less overall psychotropic use (p .001). Logistic regression indicated that use of psychotropics was predicted by repetitive behaviors (both clinician-observed and parent-reported), age, and cognitive ability level. Limitations inherent to the Simons Simplex Collection sample, methodology, and the correlational analyses are discussed. Directions for future research include investigation of factors more influential than core symptoms on psychotropic treatment (e.g. parent perceptions, comorbid symptoms). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313498518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Psychotropic medication use among children with autism spectrum disorders within the Simons Simplex Collection: Are core features of autism spectrum disorder related? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah S. MIRE, Auteur ; Kerri P. NOWELL, Auteur ; Thomas KUBISZYN, Auteur ; Robin P. GOIN-KOCHEL, Auteur . - p.933-942. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.933-942 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  core features  psychotropic medication use  Simons Simplex Collection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychotropic medication use and its relationship to autism spectrum core features were examined in a well-characterized but nonstratified North American sample (N = 1605) of children/adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders utilizing the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised, from the multisite Simons Simplex Collection. Analyses included (a) prevalence of psychotropic use (overall, and by classes), (b) correlations between prevalence of use and autism spectrum core features, age, and cognitive functioning, and (c) logistic regression to identify whether these factors were predictive of psychotropic use. Results indicated 41.7% ever used one or more classes of psychotropic medications, with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications used most. Small but significant correlations between psychotropic medication use and (a) social impairment (p .001) and (b) repetitive behaviors (p .001) were found. Overall, however, autism spectrum disorder core features are weakly related to medication use. Older children used more psychotropics (p .001), and higher cognitive functioning was associated with less overall psychotropic use (p .001). Logistic regression indicated that use of psychotropics was predicted by repetitive behaviors (both clinician-observed and parent-reported), age, and cognitive ability level. Limitations inherent to the Simons Simplex Collection sample, methodology, and the correlational analyses are discussed. Directions for future research include investigation of factors more influential than core symptoms on psychotropic treatment (e.g. parent perceptions, comorbid symptoms). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313498518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Inversion effects in the perception of the moving human form: A comparison of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing adolescents / Laura CLEARY in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.943-952 Titre : Inversion effects in the perception of the moving human form: A comparison of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura CLEARY, Auteur ; Kathy LOONEY, Auteur ; Nuala BRADY, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.943-952 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  biological motion perception  body inversion effect  configural processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The “body inversion effect” refers to superior recognition of upright than inverted images of the human body and indicates typical configural processing. Previous research by Reed et al. using static images of the human body shows that people with autism fail to demonstrate this effect. Using a novel task in which adults, adolescents with autism, and typically developing adolescents judged whether walking stick figures—created from biological motion recordings and shown at seven orientations between 0° and 180°—were normal or distorted, this study shows clear effects of stimulus inversion. Reaction times and “inverse efficiency” increased with orientation for normal but not distorted walkers, and sensitivity declined with rotation from upright for all groups. Notably, the effect of stimulus inversion was equally detrimental to both groups of adolescents suggesting intact configural processing of the body in motion in autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499455 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Inversion effects in the perception of the moving human form: A comparison of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura CLEARY, Auteur ; Kathy LOONEY, Auteur ; Nuala BRADY, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur . - p.943-952. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.943-952 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  biological motion perception  body inversion effect  configural processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The “body inversion effect” refers to superior recognition of upright than inverted images of the human body and indicates typical configural processing. Previous research by Reed et al. using static images of the human body shows that people with autism fail to demonstrate this effect. Using a novel task in which adults, adolescents with autism, and typically developing adolescents judged whether walking stick figures—created from biological motion recordings and shown at seven orientations between 0° and 180°—were normal or distorted, this study shows clear effects of stimulus inversion. Reaction times and “inverse efficiency” increased with orientation for normal but not distorted walkers, and sensitivity declined with rotation from upright for all groups. Notably, the effect of stimulus inversion was equally detrimental to both groups of adolescents suggesting intact configural processing of the body in motion in autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313499455 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Outcomes of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based skills training group for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A quasi-experimental pilot study / Johan PAHNKE in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.953-964 Titre : Outcomes of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based skills training group for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A quasi-experimental pilot study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Johan PAHNKE, Auteur ; Tobias LUNDGREN, Auteur ; Timo HURSTI, Auteur ; Tatja HIRVIKOSKI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.953-964 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : acceptance and commitment therapy  adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  cognitive behavioural therapy  high-functioning  mindfulness  skills training  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by social impairments and behavioural inflexibility. In this pilot study, the feasibility and outcomes of a 6-week acceptance and commitment therapy-based skills training group were evaluated in a special school setting using a quasi-experimental design (acceptance and commitment therapy/school classes as usual). A total of 28 high-functioning students with autism spectrum disorder (aged 13–21 years) were assessed using self- and teacher-ratings at pre- and post-assessment and 2-month follow-up. All participants completed the skills training, and treatment satisfaction was high. Levels of stress, hyperactivity and emotional distress were reduced in the treatment group. The acceptance and commitment therapy group also reported increased prosocial behaviour. These changes were stable or further improved at the 2-month follow-up. Larger studies are needed to further evaluate the benefits of acceptance and commitment therapy for autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313501091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Outcomes of an acceptance and commitment therapy-based skills training group for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A quasi-experimental pilot study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Johan PAHNKE, Auteur ; Tobias LUNDGREN, Auteur ; Timo HURSTI, Auteur ; Tatja HIRVIKOSKI, Auteur . - p.953-964. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.953-964 Mots-clés : acceptance and commitment therapy  adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  cognitive behavioural therapy  high-functioning  mindfulness  skills training  treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by social impairments and behavioural inflexibility. In this pilot study, the feasibility and outcomes of a 6-week acceptance and commitment therapy-based skills training group were evaluated in a special school setting using a quasi-experimental design (acceptance and commitment therapy/school classes as usual). A total of 28 high-functioning students with autism spectrum disorder (aged 13–21 years) were assessed using self- and teacher-ratings at pre- and post-assessment and 2-month follow-up. All participants completed the skills training, and treatment satisfaction was high. Levels of stress, hyperactivity and emotional distress were reduced in the treatment group. The acceptance and commitment therapy group also reported increased prosocial behaviour. These changes were stable or further improved at the 2-month follow-up. Larger studies are needed to further evaluate the benefits of acceptance and commitment therapy for autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313501091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Sex differences in co-occurring conditions of children with autism spectrum disorders / Maria E. STACY in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.965-974 Titre : Sex differences in co-occurring conditions of children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maria E. STACY, Auteur ; Benjamin ZABLOTSKY, Auteur ; Heather A. YARGER, Auteur ; Andrew W. ZIMMERMAN, Auteur ; Barraw MAKIA, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.965-974 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  co-occurring conditions  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated differences in co-occurring diagnoses made in females compared to males with autism spectrum disorders in 913 children (746 males and 167 females) living in the United States with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis identified via caregiver-reported data from the National Survey of Children’s Health 2007. The results indicated that overall, females had significantly fewer reported autism spectrum disorder co-occurring conditions than males. Females, compared to males, with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis had lower rates of past learning disorder, current mild learning disorder, and past anxiety diagnoses. Females with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than males to have been diagnosed with a speech problem in the past, while males with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than females to have a current diagnosis of a mild learning disability and a past diagnosis of learning disability. In addition, males with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than females to have two or more co-occurring diagnoses. These findings provide insight into trends in sex differences in autism spectrum disorder co-occurring conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313505719 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Sex differences in co-occurring conditions of children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maria E. STACY, Auteur ; Benjamin ZABLOTSKY, Auteur ; Heather A. YARGER, Auteur ; Andrew W. ZIMMERMAN, Auteur ; Barraw MAKIA, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur . - p.965-974. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.965-974 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  co-occurring conditions  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated differences in co-occurring diagnoses made in females compared to males with autism spectrum disorders in 913 children (746 males and 167 females) living in the United States with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis identified via caregiver-reported data from the National Survey of Children’s Health 2007. The results indicated that overall, females had significantly fewer reported autism spectrum disorder co-occurring conditions than males. Females, compared to males, with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis had lower rates of past learning disorder, current mild learning disorder, and past anxiety diagnoses. Females with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than males to have been diagnosed with a speech problem in the past, while males with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than females to have a current diagnosis of a mild learning disability and a past diagnosis of learning disability. In addition, males with a current autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more likely than females to have two or more co-occurring diagnoses. These findings provide insight into trends in sex differences in autism spectrum disorder co-occurring conditions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313505719 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

The cost-effectiveness of supported employment for adults with autism in the United Kingdom / Ifigeneia MAVRANEZOULI in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.975-984 Titre : The cost-effectiveness of supported employment for adults with autism in the United Kingdom Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ifigeneia MAVRANEZOULI, Auteur ; Odette MEGNIN-VIGGARS, Auteur ; Nadir CHEEMA, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Stephen PILLING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.975-984 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cost-effectiveness  economics  supported employment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism face high rates of unemployment. Supported employment enables individuals with autism to secure and maintain a paid job in a regular work environment. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of supported employment compared with standard care (day services) for adults with autism in the United Kingdom. Thus, a decision-analytic economic model was developed, which used outcome data from the only trial that has evaluated supported employment for adults with autism in the United Kingdom. The main analysis considered intervention costs, while cost-savings associated with changes in accommodation status and National Health Service and personal social service resource use were examined in secondary analyses. Two outcome measures were used: the number of weeks in employment and the quality-adjusted life year. Supported employment resulted in better outcomes compared with standard care, at an extra cost of £18 per additional week in employment or £5600 per quality-adjusted life year. In secondary analyses that incorporated potential cost-savings, supported employment dominated standard care (i.e. it produced better outcomes at a lower total cost). The analysis suggests that supported employment schemes for adults with autism in the United Kingdom are cost-effective compared with standard care. Further research needs to confirm these findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313505720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] The cost-effectiveness of supported employment for adults with autism in the United Kingdom [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ifigeneia MAVRANEZOULI, Auteur ; Odette MEGNIN-VIGGARS, Auteur ; Nadir CHEEMA, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Stephen PILLING, Auteur . - p.975-984. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.975-984 Mots-clés : autism  cost-effectiveness  economics  supported employment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism face high rates of unemployment. Supported employment enables individuals with autism to secure and maintain a paid job in a regular work environment. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of supported employment compared with standard care (day services) for adults with autism in the United Kingdom. Thus, a decision-analytic economic model was developed, which used outcome data from the only trial that has evaluated supported employment for adults with autism in the United Kingdom. The main analysis considered intervention costs, while cost-savings associated with changes in accommodation status and National Health Service and personal social service resource use were examined in secondary analyses. Two outcome measures were used: the number of weeks in employment and the quality-adjusted life year. Supported employment resulted in better outcomes compared with standard care, at an extra cost of £18 per additional week in employment or £5600 per quality-adjusted life year. In secondary analyses that incorporated potential cost-savings, supported employment dominated standard care (i.e. it produced better outcomes at a lower total cost). The analysis suggests that supported employment schemes for adults with autism in the United Kingdom are cost-effective compared with standard care. Further research needs to confirm these findings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313505720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Defining crisis in families of individuals with autism spectrum disorders / Jonathan A WEISS in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.985-995 Titre : Defining crisis in families of individuals with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan A WEISS, Auteur ; Aranda WINGSIONG, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.985-995 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  crisis  family  qualitative study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder often report higher levels of depression, anxiety, and mental health–related issues. The combination of stressors and family adjustment difficulties can cause distress which may develop into a crisis. Understanding crisis in the family is important to mental health practice since it can serve as a guide in delivering service to at-risk families. This study investigated the subjective experience of crisis in 155 mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Thematic analysis revealed that crisis is characterized by factors influencing four major areas: demands, internal capabilities, external resources, and subjective appraisal. Understanding what crisis means to families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder can help inform effective preventative and crisis services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Defining crisis in families of individuals with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan A WEISS, Auteur ; Aranda WINGSIONG, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur . - p.985-995. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.985-995 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  crisis  family  qualitative study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder often report higher levels of depression, anxiety, and mental health–related issues. The combination of stressors and family adjustment difficulties can cause distress which may develop into a crisis. Understanding crisis in the family is important to mental health practice since it can serve as a guide in delivering service to at-risk families. This study investigated the subjective experience of crisis in 155 mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Thematic analysis revealed that crisis is characterized by factors influencing four major areas: demands, internal capabilities, external resources, and subjective appraisal. Understanding what crisis means to families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder can help inform effective preventative and crisis services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

The association between epilepsy and autism symptoms and maladaptive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder / Emma W. VISCIDI in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.996-1006 Titre : The association between epilepsy and autism symptoms and maladaptive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emma W. VISCIDI, Auteur ; Ashley L. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Sarah SPENCE, Auteur ; Stephen L. BUKA, Auteur ; Eric M. MORROW, Auteur ; Elizabeth W. TRICHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1006 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism symptoms  epilepsy  hyperactivity  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epilepsy is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but little is known about how seizures impact the autism phenotype. The association between epilepsy and autism symptoms and associated maladaptive behaviors was examined in 2,645 children with ASD, of whom 139 had epilepsy, from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children with ASD and epilepsy had significantly more autism symptoms and maladaptive behaviors than children without epilepsy. However, after adjusting for IQ, only hyperactivity symptoms remained significantly increased (13% higher) in the epilepsy group. Among children with ASD without co-occurring intellectual disability, children with epilepsy had significantly more irritability (20% higher) and hyperactivity (24% higher) symptoms. This is the largest study to date comparing the autism phenotype in children with ASD with and without epilepsy. Children with ASD and epilepsy showed greater impairment than children without epilepsy, which was mostly explained by the lower IQ of the epilepsy group. These findings have important clinical implications for patients with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508027 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] The association between epilepsy and autism symptoms and maladaptive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emma W. VISCIDI, Auteur ; Ashley L. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Sarah SPENCE, Auteur ; Stephen L. BUKA, Auteur ; Eric M. MORROW, Auteur ; Elizabeth W. TRICHE, Auteur . - p.996-1006. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.996-1006 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism symptoms  epilepsy  hyperactivity  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epilepsy is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but little is known about how seizures impact the autism phenotype. The association between epilepsy and autism symptoms and associated maladaptive behaviors was examined in 2,645 children with ASD, of whom 139 had epilepsy, from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children with ASD and epilepsy had significantly more autism symptoms and maladaptive behaviors than children without epilepsy. However, after adjusting for IQ, only hyperactivity symptoms remained significantly increased (13% higher) in the epilepsy group. Among children with ASD without co-occurring intellectual disability, children with epilepsy had significantly more irritability (20% higher) and hyperactivity (24% higher) symptoms. This is the largest study to date comparing the autism phenotype in children with ASD with and without epilepsy. Children with ASD and epilepsy showed greater impairment than children without epilepsy, which was mostly explained by the lower IQ of the epilepsy group. These findings have important clinical implications for patients with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508027 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Social conformity and autism spectrum disorder: A child-friendly take on a classic study / Abdul-Fattah YAFAI in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1007-1013 Titre : Social conformity and autism spectrum disorder: A child-friendly take on a classic study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abdul-Fattah YAFAI, Auteur ; Diarmuid VERRIER, Auteur ; Lisa REIDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1007-1013 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Quotient  autism spectrum disorder  children  conformity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perhaps surprisingly, given the importance of conformity as a theoretical construct in social psychology and the profound implications autism has for social function, little research has been done on whether autism is associated with the propensity to conform to a social majority. This study is a modern, child-friendly implementation of the classic Asch conformity studies. The performance of 15 children with autism was compared to that of 15 typically developing children on a line judgement task. Children were matched for age, gender and numeracy and literacy ability. In each trial, the child had to say which of three lines a comparison line matched in length. On some trials, children were misled as to what most people thought the answer was. Children with autism were much less likely to conform in the misleading condition than typically developing children. This finding was replicated using a continuous measure of autism traits, the Autism Quotient questionnaire, which showed that autism traits negatively correlated with likelihood to conform in the typically developing group. This study demonstrates the resistance of children with autism to social pressure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Social conformity and autism spectrum disorder: A child-friendly take on a classic study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abdul-Fattah YAFAI, Auteur ; Diarmuid VERRIER, Auteur ; Lisa REIDY, Auteur . - p.1007-1013. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1007-1013 Mots-clés : Autism Quotient  autism spectrum disorder  children  conformity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Perhaps surprisingly, given the importance of conformity as a theoretical construct in social psychology and the profound implications autism has for social function, little research has been done on whether autism is associated with the propensity to conform to a social majority. This study is a modern, child-friendly implementation of the classic Asch conformity studies. The performance of 15 children with autism was compared to that of 15 typically developing children on a line judgement task. Children were matched for age, gender and numeracy and literacy ability. In each trial, the child had to say which of three lines a comparison line matched in length. On some trials, children were misled as to what most people thought the answer was. Children with autism were much less likely to conform in the misleading condition than typically developing children. This finding was replicated using a continuous measure of autism traits, the Autism Quotient questionnaire, which showed that autism traits negatively correlated with likelihood to conform in the typically developing group. This study demonstrates the resistance of children with autism to social pressure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Verbal fluency in children with autism spectrum disorders: Clustering and switching strategies / Sander BEGEER in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1014-1018 Titre : Verbal fluency in children with autism spectrum disorders: Clustering and switching strategies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Marlies WIERDA, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Jan-Pieter TEUNISSE, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1014-1018 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  clustering  cognitive flexibility  fluency  switching Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study highlights differences in cognitive strategies in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders (n = 52) on a verbal fluency task (naming as many words as possible (e.g. animals) within 60 s). The ability to form clusters of words (e.g. farm animals like “cow–horse–goat”) or to switch between unrelated words (e.g. “snake” and “cat”) was analyzed using a coding method that more stringently differentiates between these strategies. Results indicated that children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders switched less frequently, but produced slightly larger clusters than the comparison group, resulting in equal numbers of total words produced. The currently used measures of cognitive flexibility suggest atypical, but possibly equally efficient, fluency styles used by individuals with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313500381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Verbal fluency in children with autism spectrum disorders: Clustering and switching strategies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Marlies WIERDA, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Jan-Pieter TEUNISSE, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.1014-1018. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1014-1018 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  clustering  cognitive flexibility  fluency  switching Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study highlights differences in cognitive strategies in children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders (n = 52) on a verbal fluency task (naming as many words as possible (e.g. animals) within 60 s). The ability to form clusters of words (e.g. farm animals like “cow–horse–goat”) or to switch between unrelated words (e.g. “snake” and “cat”) was analyzed using a coding method that more stringently differentiates between these strategies. Results indicated that children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders switched less frequently, but produced slightly larger clusters than the comparison group, resulting in equal numbers of total words produced. The currently used measures of cognitive flexibility suggest atypical, but possibly equally efficient, fluency styles used by individuals with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313500381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242

Lay Abstracts in Autism, 18-8 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1019-1024 Titre : Lay Abstracts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1019-1024 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314554527 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242 [article] Lay Abstracts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1019-1024. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 18-8 (November 2014) . - p.1019-1024 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314554527 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=242