Dépouillements

Editorial: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a continuing challenge to researchers, practitioners and carers / Klaus-Peter LESCH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.595-597 Titre : Editorial: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a continuing challenge to researchers, practitioners and carers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.595-597 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  sex differences  externalising behaviour  genetic architecture  neurocognition  behavioural dimensions  parent training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This editorial introduces a collection of research papers and a review on ADHD, highlighting the continuing challenge that ADHD poses in research and practice. The articles include a Practitioner Review providing a comprehensive review focusing on current knowledge about barriers and facilitators operating at the individual, organisational and societal level; a study reporting a randomised controlled trial of parent training for ADHD pre-schoolers; an empirical paper on sex differences in ADHD symptom severity; a study of the co-development of ADHD and externalizing behaviour across the lifespan; a study of the genetic architecture of neurocognitive abilities in the general population; and finally a study examining the differential association among three behavioural dimensions leading to early-onset conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Editorial: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a continuing challenge to researchers, practitioners and carers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur . - p.595-597. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.595-597 Mots-clés : ADHD  sex differences  externalising behaviour  genetic architecture  neurocognition  behavioural dimensions  parent training Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This editorial introduces a collection of research papers and a review on ADHD, highlighting the continuing challenge that ADHD poses in research and practice. The articles include a Practitioner Review providing a comprehensive review focusing on current knowledge about barriers and facilitators operating at the individual, organisational and societal level; a study reporting a randomised controlled trial of parent training for ADHD pre-schoolers; an empirical paper on sex differences in ADHD symptom severity; a study of the co-development of ADHD and externalizing behaviour across the lifespan; a study of the genetic architecture of neurocognitive abilities in the general population; and finally a study examining the differential association among three behavioural dimensions leading to early-onset conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Practitioner Review: Pathways to care for ADHD – a systematic review of barriers and facilitators / Nicola WRIGHT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.598-617 Titre : Practitioner Review: Pathways to care for ADHD – a systematic review of barriers and facilitators Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicola WRIGHT, Auteur ; Maria MOLDAVSKY, Auteur ; Justine SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Ipsita CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Janine COATES, Auteur ; David DALEY, Auteur ; Puja KOCHHAR, Auteur ; Jon MILLS, Auteur ; Walid SOROUR, Auteur ; Kapil SAYAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.598-617 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity  child  continuity of patient care  health service needs and demands  developmental disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder starting in childhood that may persist into adulthood. It can be managed through carefully monitored medication and nonpharmacological interventions. Access to care for children at risk of ADHD varies both within and between countries. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the research evidence related to factors which influence children accessing services for ADHD. Method Studies investigating access to care for children at risk of ADHD were identified through electronic searches of the international peer-reviewed and grey literature. Databases were searched from inception till 30th April 2012. This identified 23,156 articles which were subjected to three levels of screening (title, abstract and full text) by a minimum of two independent reviewers. Due to the heterogeneity in the study designs, a narrative approach was used to present the findings. Results Twenty-seven papers met the inclusion criteria; these were grouped into four main themes, with some papers being included in more than one. These were wider determinants (10 papers); identification of need (9 papers); entry and continuity of care (13 papers) and interventions to improve access (4 papers). Barriers and facilitators to access were found to operate at the individual, organisational and societal level. Limited evidence of effective interventions to improve access was identified. Conclusion This review explored the multilayered obstacles in the pathway to care for children at risk of ADHD and the lack of evidence-based interventions designed to address these issues, thereby indicating areas for service development and further evaluative research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12398 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Practitioner Review: Pathways to care for ADHD – a systematic review of barriers and facilitators [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicola WRIGHT, Auteur ; Maria MOLDAVSKY, Auteur ; Justine SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Ipsita CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Janine COATES, Auteur ; David DALEY, Auteur ; Puja KOCHHAR, Auteur ; Jon MILLS, Auteur ; Walid SOROUR, Auteur ; Kapil SAYAL, Auteur . - p.598-617. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.598-617 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity  child  continuity of patient care  health service needs and demands  developmental disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder starting in childhood that may persist into adulthood. It can be managed through carefully monitored medication and nonpharmacological interventions. Access to care for children at risk of ADHD varies both within and between countries. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the research evidence related to factors which influence children accessing services for ADHD. Method Studies investigating access to care for children at risk of ADHD were identified through electronic searches of the international peer-reviewed and grey literature. Databases were searched from inception till 30th April 2012. This identified 23,156 articles which were subjected to three levels of screening (title, abstract and full text) by a minimum of two independent reviewers. Due to the heterogeneity in the study designs, a narrative approach was used to present the findings. Results Twenty-seven papers met the inclusion criteria; these were grouped into four main themes, with some papers being included in more than one. These were wider determinants (10 papers); identification of need (9 papers); entry and continuity of care (13 papers) and interventions to improve access (4 papers). Barriers and facilitators to access were found to operate at the individual, organisational and societal level. Limited evidence of effective interventions to improve access was identified. Conclusion This review explored the multilayered obstacles in the pathway to care for children at risk of ADHD and the lack of evidence-based interventions designed to address these issues, thereby indicating areas for service development and further evaluative research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12398 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Parent training for preschool ADHD: a randomized controlled trial of specialized and generic programs / Howard B. ABIKOFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.618-631 Titre : Parent training for preschool ADHD: a randomized controlled trial of specialized and generic programs Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Margaret THOMPSON, Auteur ; Cathy LAVER-BRADBURY, Auteur ; Nicholas LONG, Auteur ; Rex L. FOREHAND, Auteur ; Laurie MILLER BROTMAN, Auteur ; Rachel G. KLEIN, Auteur ; Philip REISS, Auteur ; Lan HUO, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.618-631 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  preschool  parent training  generalization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The ‘New Forest Parenting Package’ (NFPP), an 8-week home-based intervention for parents of preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fosters constructive parenting to target ADHD-related dysfunctions in attention and impulse control. Although NFPP has improved parent and laboratory measures of ADHD in community samples of children with ADHD-like problems, its efficacy in a clinical sample, and relative to an active treatment comparator, is unknown. The aims are to evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy and generalization effects of NFPP compared to an established clinic-based parenting intervention for treating noncompliant behavior [‘Helping the Noncompliant Child’ (HNC)] in young children with ADHD. Methods A randomized controlled trial with three parallel arms was the design for this study. A total of 164 3–4-year-olds, 73.8% male, meeting DSM-IV ADHD diagnostic criteria were randomized to NFPP (N = 67), HNC (N = 63), or wait-list control (WL, N = 34). All participants were assessed at post-treatment. NFPP and HNC participants were assessed at follow-up in the next school year. Primary outcomes were ADHD ratings by teachers blind to and uninvolved in treatment, and by parents. Secondary ADHD outcomes included clinician assessments, and laboratory measures of on-task behavior and delay of gratification. Other outcomes included parent and teacher ratings of oppositional behavior, and parenting measures. (Trial name: Home-Based Parent Training in ADHD Preschoolers; Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01320098; URL: http://www/clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01320098). Results In both treatment groups, children's ADHD and ODD behaviors, as well as aspects of parenting, were rated improved by parents at the end of treatment compared to controls. Most of these gains in the children's behavior and in some parenting practices were sustained at follow-up. However, these parent-reported improvements were not corroborated by teacher ratings or objective observations. NFPP was not significantly better, and on a few outcomes significantly less effective, than HNC. Conclusions The results do not support the claim that NFPP addresses putative dysfunctions underlying ADHD, bringing about generalized change in ADHD, and its underpinning self-regulatory processes. The findings support documented difficulties in achieving generalization across nontargeted settings, and the importance of using blinded measures to provide meaningful assessments of treatment effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12346 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Parent training for preschool ADHD: a randomized controlled trial of specialized and generic programs [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Margaret THOMPSON, Auteur ; Cathy LAVER-BRADBURY, Auteur ; Nicholas LONG, Auteur ; Rex L. FOREHAND, Auteur ; Laurie MILLER BROTMAN, Auteur ; Rachel G. KLEIN, Auteur ; Philip REISS, Auteur ; Lan HUO, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.618-631. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.618-631 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  preschool  parent training  generalization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The ‘New Forest Parenting Package’ (NFPP), an 8-week home-based intervention for parents of preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fosters constructive parenting to target ADHD-related dysfunctions in attention and impulse control. Although NFPP has improved parent and laboratory measures of ADHD in community samples of children with ADHD-like problems, its efficacy in a clinical sample, and relative to an active treatment comparator, is unknown. The aims are to evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy and generalization effects of NFPP compared to an established clinic-based parenting intervention for treating noncompliant behavior [‘Helping the Noncompliant Child’ (HNC)] in young children with ADHD. Methods A randomized controlled trial with three parallel arms was the design for this study. A total of 164 3–4-year-olds, 73.8% male, meeting DSM-IV ADHD diagnostic criteria were randomized to NFPP (N = 67), HNC (N = 63), or wait-list control (WL, N = 34). All participants were assessed at post-treatment. NFPP and HNC participants were assessed at follow-up in the next school year. Primary outcomes were ADHD ratings by teachers blind to and uninvolved in treatment, and by parents. Secondary ADHD outcomes included clinician assessments, and laboratory measures of on-task behavior and delay of gratification. Other outcomes included parent and teacher ratings of oppositional behavior, and parenting measures. (Trial name: Home-Based Parent Training in ADHD Preschoolers; Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01320098; URL: http://www/clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01320098). Results In both treatment groups, children's ADHD and ODD behaviors, as well as aspects of parenting, were rated improved by parents at the end of treatment compared to controls. Most of these gains in the children's behavior and in some parenting practices were sustained at follow-up. However, these parent-reported improvements were not corroborated by teacher ratings or objective observations. NFPP was not significantly better, and on a few outcomes significantly less effective, than HNC. Conclusions The results do not support the claim that NFPP addresses putative dysfunctions underlying ADHD, bringing about generalized change in ADHD, and its underpinning self-regulatory processes. The findings support documented difficulties in achieving generalization across nontargeted settings, and the importance of using blinded measures to provide meaningful assessments of treatment effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12346 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Sex differences in ADHD symptom severity / Anne B. ARNETT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.632-639 Titre : Sex differences in ADHD symptom severity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; John C. DEFRIES, Auteur ; Richard K. OLSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.632-639 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  gender difference  neuropsychology  cognitive development  mediation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Males show higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than do females. Potential explanations include genuine etiological differences or artifact. Methods 2,332 twin and sibling youth participated in behavioral and cognitive testing. Partially competing models of symptom severity distribution differences, the mean difference, and variance difference models, were tested within a randomly selected subsample. The Delta method was used to test for mediation of sex differences in ADHD symptom severity by processing speed, inhibition and working memory. Results The combined mean difference and variance difference models fully explained the sex difference in ADHD symptom severity. Cognitive endophenotypes mediated 14% of the sex difference effect. Conclusions The sex difference in ADHD symptom severity is valid and may be due to differing genetic and cognitive liabilities between the sexes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12337 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Sex differences in ADHD symptom severity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; John C. DEFRIES, Auteur ; Richard K. OLSON, Auteur . - p.632-639. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.632-639 Mots-clés : ADHD  gender difference  neuropsychology  cognitive development  mediation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Males show higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than do females. Potential explanations include genuine etiological differences or artifact. Methods 2,332 twin and sibling youth participated in behavioral and cognitive testing. Partially competing models of symptom severity distribution differences, the mean difference, and variance difference models, were tested within a randomly selected subsample. The Delta method was used to test for mediation of sex differences in ADHD symptom severity by processing speed, inhibition and working memory. Results The combined mean difference and variance difference models fully explained the sex difference in ADHD symptom severity. Cognitive endophenotypes mediated 14% of the sex difference effect. Conclusions The sex difference in ADHD symptom severity is valid and may be due to differing genetic and cognitive liabilities between the sexes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12337 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.640-647 Titre : Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.640-647 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  antisocial behavior  longitudinal studies  comorbidity  genetics  behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with externalizing disorders, but a clear understanding of the etiologic underpinnings is hampered by the limited understanding of the codevelopment of the traits from childhood into early adulthood. Methods Using a birth cohort of 2600 twins, the Swedish Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development study, assessed at ages 8–9, 13–14, 16–17, and 19–20, we investigated the codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood. The analyses examined ADHD-like and externalizing traits, as rated by twins and their parents using the Attention Problems scale and Externalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, and estimated cross-lagged effects (one trait at one time-point predicting the other at the next). The covariation between the traits were decomposed into stable (effects carried over from the prior time-points) and innovative (new effects for each time-point) sources; each source was further decomposed into additive genetics, shared and nonshared environment. Results The analysis suggested that externalizing traits in middle childhood (age 8–9) predicted ADHD-like traits in early adolescence (age 13–14), whereas the reverse association was nonsignificant. In contrast, ADHD-like traits in lateadolescence (age 16–17) predicted externalizing traits in early adulthood (age 19–20). The correlation between ADHD-like and externalizing traits increased over time. At all time-points, innovative sources contributed substantially to maintained comorbidity. Genetic effects explained 67% of the covariation at each time-point; importantly, nearly 50% of these effects were innovative. Conclusions This study challenges the belief that ADHD generally precedes externalizing behaviors; rather, change in the etiologic factors across the development is the rule. The effects were due to both new genetic and environmental factors emerging up to young adulthood. Clinicians and researchers needs to consider complex etiologic and developmental models for the comorbidity between ADHD and externalizing behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12340 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.640-647. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.640-647 Mots-clés : ADHD  antisocial behavior  longitudinal studies  comorbidity  genetics  behavioral Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with externalizing disorders, but a clear understanding of the etiologic underpinnings is hampered by the limited understanding of the codevelopment of the traits from childhood into early adulthood. Methods Using a birth cohort of 2600 twins, the Swedish Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development study, assessed at ages 8–9, 13–14, 16–17, and 19–20, we investigated the codevelopment of ADHD and externalizing behavior from childhood to adulthood. The analyses examined ADHD-like and externalizing traits, as rated by twins and their parents using the Attention Problems scale and Externalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist, and estimated cross-lagged effects (one trait at one time-point predicting the other at the next). The covariation between the traits were decomposed into stable (effects carried over from the prior time-points) and innovative (new effects for each time-point) sources; each source was further decomposed into additive genetics, shared and nonshared environment. Results The analysis suggested that externalizing traits in middle childhood (age 8–9) predicted ADHD-like traits in early adolescence (age 13–14), whereas the reverse association was nonsignificant. In contrast, ADHD-like traits in lateadolescence (age 16–17) predicted externalizing traits in early adulthood (age 19–20). The correlation between ADHD-like and externalizing traits increased over time. At all time-points, innovative sources contributed substantially to maintained comorbidity. Genetic effects explained 67% of the covariation at each time-point; importantly, nearly 50% of these effects were innovative. Conclusions This study challenges the belief that ADHD generally precedes externalizing behaviors; rather, change in the etiologic factors across the development is the rule. The effects were due to both new genetic and environmental factors emerging up to young adulthood. Clinicians and researchers needs to consider complex etiologic and developmental models for the comorbidity between ADHD and externalizing behaviors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12340 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Neurocognitive abilities in the general population and composite genetic risk scores for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder / Joanna MARTIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.648-656 Titre : Neurocognitive abilities in the general population and composite genetic risk scores for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joanna MARTIN, Auteur ; Marian L. HAMSHERE, Auteur ; Evangelia STERGIAKOULI, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.648-656 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ALSPAC  ADHD  genetics  cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The genetic architecture of ADHD is complex, with rare and common variants involved. Common genetic variants (as indexed by a composite risk score) associated with clinical ADHD significantly predict ADHD and autistic-like behavioural traits in children from the general population, suggesting that ADHD lies at the extreme of normal trait variation. ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders share neurocognitive difficulties in several domains (e.g. impaired cognitive ability and executive functions). We hypothesised that ADHD composite genetic risk scores derived from clinical ADHD cases would also contribute to variation in neurocognitive abilities in the general population. Methods Children (N = 6,832) from a UK population cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), underwent neurocognitive testing. Parent-reported measures of their children's ADHD and autistic-like traits were used to construct a behavioural latent variable of ‘neurodevelopmental traits’. Composite genetic risk scores for ADHD were calculated for ALSPAC children based on findings from an independent ADHD case–control genome-wide association study. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between ADHD composite genetic risk scores and IQ, working memory, inhibitory control and facial emotion recognition, as well as the latent ‘neurodevelopmental trait’ measure. Results The results confirmed that neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental traits are correlated in children in the general population. Composite genetic risk scores for ADHD were independently associated with lower IQ (? = ?.05, p < .001) and working memory performance (? = ?.034, p = .013), even after accounting for the relationship with latent neurodevelopmental behavioural trait scores. No associations were found between composite genetic risk scores and inhibitory control or emotion recognition (p > .05). Conclusions These findings suggest that common genetic variants relevant to clinically diagnosed ADHD have pleiotropic effects on neurocognitive traits as well as behavioural dimensions in the general population. This further suggests that the well-recognised association between cognition and neurodevelopmental behavioural traits is underpinned at a biological level. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12336 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Neurocognitive abilities in the general population and composite genetic risk scores for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joanna MARTIN, Auteur ; Marian L. HAMSHERE, Auteur ; Evangelia STERGIAKOULI, Auteur ; Michael C. O'DONOVAN, Auteur ; Anita THAPAR, Auteur . - p.648-656. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.648-656 Mots-clés : ALSPAC  ADHD  genetics  cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The genetic architecture of ADHD is complex, with rare and common variants involved. Common genetic variants (as indexed by a composite risk score) associated with clinical ADHD significantly predict ADHD and autistic-like behavioural traits in children from the general population, suggesting that ADHD lies at the extreme of normal trait variation. ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders share neurocognitive difficulties in several domains (e.g. impaired cognitive ability and executive functions). We hypothesised that ADHD composite genetic risk scores derived from clinical ADHD cases would also contribute to variation in neurocognitive abilities in the general population. Methods Children (N = 6,832) from a UK population cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), underwent neurocognitive testing. Parent-reported measures of their children's ADHD and autistic-like traits were used to construct a behavioural latent variable of ‘neurodevelopmental traits’. Composite genetic risk scores for ADHD were calculated for ALSPAC children based on findings from an independent ADHD case–control genome-wide association study. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between ADHD composite genetic risk scores and IQ, working memory, inhibitory control and facial emotion recognition, as well as the latent ‘neurodevelopmental trait’ measure. Results The results confirmed that neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental traits are correlated in children in the general population. Composite genetic risk scores for ADHD were independently associated with lower IQ (? = ?.05, p < .001) and working memory performance (? = ?.034, p = .013), even after accounting for the relationship with latent neurodevelopmental behavioural trait scores. No associations were found between composite genetic risk scores and inhibitory control or emotion recognition (p > .05). Conclusions These findings suggest that common genetic variants relevant to clinically diagnosed ADHD have pleiotropic effects on neurocognitive traits as well as behavioural dimensions in the general population. This further suggests that the well-recognised association between cognition and neurodevelopmental behavioural traits is underpinned at a biological level. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12336 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Differential associations of early callous-unemotional, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors: multiple domains within early-starting conduct problems? / Rebecca WALLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.657-666 Titre : Differential associations of early callous-unemotional, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors: multiple domains within early-starting conduct problems? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca WALLER, Auteur ; Luke W. HYDE, Auteur ; Adam S. GRABELL, Auteur ; Martha L. ALVES, Auteur ; Sheryl L. OLSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.657-666 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional  conduct problems  oppositional  attention deficit/hyperactive  nomological network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early-starting child conduct problems (CP) are linked to the development of persistent antisocial behavior. Researchers have theorized multiple pathways to CP and that CP comprise separable domains, marked by callous-unemotional (CU) behavior, oppositional behavior, or ADHD symptoms. However, a lack of empirical evidence exists from studies that have examined whether there are unique correlates of these domains. Methods We examined differential correlates of CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors during the preschool years to test their potentially distinct nomological networks. Multimethod data, including parent and teacher reports and observations of child behavior, were drawn from a prospective, longitudinal study of children assessed at age 3 and age 6 (N = 240; 48% female). Results Dimensions of CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors were separable within Confirmatory Factor Analyses across mother and father reports. There were differential associations between CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors and socioemotional, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes: CU behavior was uniquely related to lower moral regulation, guilt, and empathy. ADHD was uniquely related to lower attentional focusing and observed effortful control. Finally, CU behavior uniquely predicted increases in teacher-reported externalizing from ages 3–6 over and above covariates, and ADHD and oppositional behavior. Conclusions Consistent with theory, dimensions of CU, ADHD, and oppositional behavior demonstrated separable nomological networks representing separable facets within early-starting CP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12326 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Differential associations of early callous-unemotional, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors: multiple domains within early-starting conduct problems? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca WALLER, Auteur ; Luke W. HYDE, Auteur ; Adam S. GRABELL, Auteur ; Martha L. ALVES, Auteur ; Sheryl L. OLSON, Auteur . - p.657-666. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.657-666 Mots-clés : Callous-unemotional  conduct problems  oppositional  attention deficit/hyperactive  nomological network Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early-starting child conduct problems (CP) are linked to the development of persistent antisocial behavior. Researchers have theorized multiple pathways to CP and that CP comprise separable domains, marked by callous-unemotional (CU) behavior, oppositional behavior, or ADHD symptoms. However, a lack of empirical evidence exists from studies that have examined whether there are unique correlates of these domains. Methods We examined differential correlates of CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors during the preschool years to test their potentially distinct nomological networks. Multimethod data, including parent and teacher reports and observations of child behavior, were drawn from a prospective, longitudinal study of children assessed at age 3 and age 6 (N = 240; 48% female). Results Dimensions of CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors were separable within Confirmatory Factor Analyses across mother and father reports. There were differential associations between CU, oppositional, and ADHD behaviors and socioemotional, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes: CU behavior was uniquely related to lower moral regulation, guilt, and empathy. ADHD was uniquely related to lower attentional focusing and observed effortful control. Finally, CU behavior uniquely predicted increases in teacher-reported externalizing from ages 3–6 over and above covariates, and ADHD and oppositional behavior. Conclusions Consistent with theory, dimensions of CU, ADHD, and oppositional behavior demonstrated separable nomological networks representing separable facets within early-starting CP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12326 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

How do child and adolescent mental health problems influence public sector costs? Interindividual variations in a nationally representative British sample / Martin KNAPP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.667-676 Titre : How do child and adolescent mental health problems influence public sector costs? Interindividual variations in a nationally representative British sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martin KNAPP, Auteur ; Tom SNELL, Auteur ; Andrew HEALEY, Auteur ; Sacha GUGLANI, Auteur ; Sara EVANS-LACKO, Auteur ; Jose-Luis FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; Howard MELTZER, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.667-676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychiatric practice  education  social work  economic evaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Policy and practice guidelines emphasize that responses to children and young people with poor mental health should be tailored to needs, but little is known about the impact on costs. We investigated variations in service-related public sector costs for a nationally representative sample of children in Britain, focusing on the impact of mental health problems. Methods Analysis of service uses data and associated costs for 2461 children aged 5–15 from the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys. Multivariate statistical analyses, including two-part models, examined factors potentially associated with interindividual differences in service use related to emotional or behavioural problems and cost. We categorized service use into primary care, specialist mental health services, frontline education, special education and social care. Results Marked interindividual variations in utilization and costs were observed. Impairment, reading attainment, child age, gender and ethnicity, maternal age, parental anxiety and depression, social class, family size and functioning were significantly associated with utilization and/or costs. Conclusions Unexplained variation in costs could indicate poor targeting, inequality and inefficiency in the way that mental health, education and social care systems respond to emotional and behavioural problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12327 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] How do child and adolescent mental health problems influence public sector costs? Interindividual variations in a nationally representative British sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martin KNAPP, Auteur ; Tom SNELL, Auteur ; Andrew HEALEY, Auteur ; Sacha GUGLANI, Auteur ; Sara EVANS-LACKO, Auteur ; Jose-Luis FERNANDEZ, Auteur ; Howard MELTZER, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur . - p.667-676. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.667-676 Mots-clés : Psychiatric practice  education  social work  economic evaluation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Policy and practice guidelines emphasize that responses to children and young people with poor mental health should be tailored to needs, but little is known about the impact on costs. We investigated variations in service-related public sector costs for a nationally representative sample of children in Britain, focusing on the impact of mental health problems. Methods Analysis of service uses data and associated costs for 2461 children aged 5–15 from the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys. Multivariate statistical analyses, including two-part models, examined factors potentially associated with interindividual differences in service use related to emotional or behavioural problems and cost. We categorized service use into primary care, specialist mental health services, frontline education, special education and social care. Results Marked interindividual variations in utilization and costs were observed. Impairment, reading attainment, child age, gender and ethnicity, maternal age, parental anxiety and depression, social class, family size and functioning were significantly associated with utilization and/or costs. Conclusions Unexplained variation in costs could indicate poor targeting, inequality and inefficiency in the way that mental health, education and social care systems respond to emotional and behavioural problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12327 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Interventions aimed at reducing obesity in early childhood: a meta-analysis of programs that involve parents / H. Melis YAVUZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.677-692 Titre : Interventions aimed at reducing obesity in early childhood: a meta-analysis of programs that involve parents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. Melis YAVUZ, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Judi MESMAN, Auteur ; Shelley VAN DER VEEK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.677-692 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Obesity  intervention  prevention  parental involvement  meta-analysis  preschooler  infant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Obesity is a growing problem even in very young childhood, resulting in high costs for individuals and society. As a response, numerous obesity prevention and intervention programs have been developed. Previous research has shown that early intervention programs are more effective when parents are involved, but the effectiveness of specific aspects of programs with parental involvement has not been investigated. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the features related to the effectiveness of different types of obesity intervention programs involving parents and targeting young children (0–6-year-olds). Methods The Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ERIC databases were searched for childhood obesity prevention and intervention programs involving parents. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software. Results Fifty studies with effect sizes measured at short-term follow-up (within 3 months from the end of the intervention) and 26 studies with effect sizes measured at long-term follow-up (all reported in a total of 49 publications) were identified. The combined effect size of interventions was small but significant at short-term follow-up (d = .08, p < .01). The results suggested the presence of a potential publication bias in studies providing results at long-term follow-up, with a nonsignificant adjusted effect size (d = .02), which indicated that obesity interventions were not effective at long-term follow-up. Multivariate meta-regression analyses showed that interventions were more effective when including either interactive sessions or educational materials as opposed to those including both interactive sessions and noninteractive educational materials. No other moderators regarding sample characteristics, study design, or methodological quality were significant. Conclusion Interventions targeting young children that require parental involvement are effective at short-term follow-up, specifically when interventions include one mode of intervention rather than two. However, results were not retained in the long run. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Interventions aimed at reducing obesity in early childhood: a meta-analysis of programs that involve parents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. Melis YAVUZ, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Judi MESMAN, Auteur ; Shelley VAN DER VEEK, Auteur . - p.677-692. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.677-692 Mots-clés : Obesity  intervention  prevention  parental involvement  meta-analysis  preschooler  infant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Obesity is a growing problem even in very young childhood, resulting in high costs for individuals and society. As a response, numerous obesity prevention and intervention programs have been developed. Previous research has shown that early intervention programs are more effective when parents are involved, but the effectiveness of specific aspects of programs with parental involvement has not been investigated. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the features related to the effectiveness of different types of obesity intervention programs involving parents and targeting young children (0–6-year-olds). Methods The Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ERIC databases were searched for childhood obesity prevention and intervention programs involving parents. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software. Results Fifty studies with effect sizes measured at short-term follow-up (within 3 months from the end of the intervention) and 26 studies with effect sizes measured at long-term follow-up (all reported in a total of 49 publications) were identified. The combined effect size of interventions was small but significant at short-term follow-up (d = .08, p < .01). The results suggested the presence of a potential publication bias in studies providing results at long-term follow-up, with a nonsignificant adjusted effect size (d = .02), which indicated that obesity interventions were not effective at long-term follow-up. Multivariate meta-regression analyses showed that interventions were more effective when including either interactive sessions or educational materials as opposed to those including both interactive sessions and noninteractive educational materials. No other moderators regarding sample characteristics, study design, or methodological quality were significant. Conclusion Interventions targeting young children that require parental involvement are effective at short-term follow-up, specifically when interventions include one mode of intervention rather than two. However, results were not retained in the long run. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Effects of maternal sensitivity on low birth weight children's academic achievement: a test of differential susceptibility versus diathesis stress / Julia JAEKEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.693-701 Titre : Effects of maternal sensitivity on low birth weight children's academic achievement: a test of differential susceptibility versus diathesis stress Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Julia JAEKEL, Auteur ; Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Jay BELSKY, Auteur ; Dieter WOLKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.693-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Differential susceptibility  diathesis stress  low birth weight  academic achievement  maternal sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Differential Susceptibility Theory (DST) postulates that some children are more affected – for better and for worse – by developmental experiences, including parenting, than others. Low birth weight (LBW, 1,500–2,499 g) may not only be a predictor for neurodevelopmental impairment but also a marker for prenatally programmed susceptibility. The aim was to test if effects of sensitive parenting on LBW and very LBW (VLBW, <1,500 g) versus normal birth weight (NBW, ?2,500 g) children's academic achievement are best explained by a differential susceptibility versus diathesis-stress model of person-X-environment interaction. Methods Nine hundred and twenty-two children ranging from 600 g to 5,140 g birth weight were studied as part of a prospective, geographically defined, longitudinal investigation of neonatal at-risk children in South Germany (Bavarian Longitudinal Study). Sensitive parenting during a structured mother–child interaction task was observed and rated at age 6 years. Academic achievement was assessed with standardized mathematic, reading, and spelling/writing tests at age 8 years. Results Maternal sensitivity positively predicted the academic achievement of both LBW (n = 283) and VLBW (n = 202) children. Confirmatory-comparative and model-fitting analysis (testing LBW vs. NBW and VLBW vs. NBW) indicated that LBW and VLBW children were more susceptible than NBW to the adverse effects of low-sensitive, but not beneficial effects of high-sensitive parenting. Conclusions Findings proved more consistent with the diathesis stress than differential-susceptibility model of person-X-environment interaction: LBW and VLBW children's exposure to positive parenting predicted catch-up to their NBW peers, whereas exposure to negative parenting predicted much poorer functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Effects of maternal sensitivity on low birth weight children's academic achievement: a test of differential susceptibility versus diathesis stress [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Julia JAEKEL, Auteur ; Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Jay BELSKY, Auteur ; Dieter WOLKE, Auteur . - p.693-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.693-701 Mots-clés : Differential susceptibility  diathesis stress  low birth weight  academic achievement  maternal sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Differential Susceptibility Theory (DST) postulates that some children are more affected – for better and for worse – by developmental experiences, including parenting, than others. Low birth weight (LBW, 1,500–2,499 g) may not only be a predictor for neurodevelopmental impairment but also a marker for prenatally programmed susceptibility. The aim was to test if effects of sensitive parenting on LBW and very LBW (VLBW, <1,500 g) versus normal birth weight (NBW, ?2,500 g) children's academic achievement are best explained by a differential susceptibility versus diathesis-stress model of person-X-environment interaction. Methods Nine hundred and twenty-two children ranging from 600 g to 5,140 g birth weight were studied as part of a prospective, geographically defined, longitudinal investigation of neonatal at-risk children in South Germany (Bavarian Longitudinal Study). Sensitive parenting during a structured mother–child interaction task was observed and rated at age 6 years. Academic achievement was assessed with standardized mathematic, reading, and spelling/writing tests at age 8 years. Results Maternal sensitivity positively predicted the academic achievement of both LBW (n = 283) and VLBW (n = 202) children. Confirmatory-comparative and model-fitting analysis (testing LBW vs. NBW and VLBW vs. NBW) indicated that LBW and VLBW children were more susceptible than NBW to the adverse effects of low-sensitive, but not beneficial effects of high-sensitive parenting. Conclusions Findings proved more consistent with the diathesis stress than differential-susceptibility model of person-X-environment interaction: LBW and VLBW children's exposure to positive parenting predicted catch-up to their NBW peers, whereas exposure to negative parenting predicted much poorer functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Autism spectrum disorders and coexisting disorders in a nationwide Swedish twin study / Sebastian LUNDSTROM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.702-710 Titre : Autism spectrum disorders and coexisting disorders in a nationwide Swedish twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jonas MELKE, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Nora KEREKES, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-710 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  comorbidity  genetics  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Evidence from twin and molecular genetic studies is accumulating that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) shares substantial etiological factors with other disorders. This is mirrored in clinical practice where ASD without coexisting disorders is rare. The present study aims to examine the range of coexisting disorders in ASD in a genetically informative cohort. Methods Parents of all Swedish 9-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2001 (n = 19,130) underwent a telephone interview designed to screen for child psychiatric disorders, including ASD. To ensure full coverage of child psychiatric disorders, data were also retrieved from population-based health registers. We investigated the coexistence of eight psychiatric disorders known to coexist with ASDs in probands and their co-twins. Results Half of the individuals with ASDs (50.3%) had four or more coexisting disorders and only 4% did not have any concomitant disorder. The ‘healthy co-twin’ in ASD discordant monozygotic twin pairs was very often (79% of boys and 50% of girls) affected by at least one non-ASD disorder. The corresponding figures for ASD discordant dizygotic twin pairs were significantly lower (46% of males and 30% of females). Conclusions Detailed phenotypic descriptions including symptoms of problems associated with a wide range of child psychiatric disorders may aid in unraveling the genetic architecture of ASD and should guide the development of intervention strategies addressing each problem type specifically. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12329 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Autism spectrum disorders and coexisting disorders in a nationwide Swedish twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jonas MELKE, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Nora KEREKES, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur . - p.702-710. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.702-710 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  comorbidity  genetics  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Evidence from twin and molecular genetic studies is accumulating that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) shares substantial etiological factors with other disorders. This is mirrored in clinical practice where ASD without coexisting disorders is rare. The present study aims to examine the range of coexisting disorders in ASD in a genetically informative cohort. Methods Parents of all Swedish 9-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2001 (n = 19,130) underwent a telephone interview designed to screen for child psychiatric disorders, including ASD. To ensure full coverage of child psychiatric disorders, data were also retrieved from population-based health registers. We investigated the coexistence of eight psychiatric disorders known to coexist with ASDs in probands and their co-twins. Results Half of the individuals with ASDs (50.3%) had four or more coexisting disorders and only 4% did not have any concomitant disorder. The ‘healthy co-twin’ in ASD discordant monozygotic twin pairs was very often (79% of boys and 50% of girls) affected by at least one non-ASD disorder. The corresponding figures for ASD discordant dizygotic twin pairs were significantly lower (46% of males and 30% of females). Conclusions Detailed phenotypic descriptions including symptoms of problems associated with a wide range of child psychiatric disorders may aid in unraveling the genetic architecture of ASD and should guide the development of intervention strategies addressing each problem type specifically. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12329 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis / Adam HELLES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.711-718 Titre : Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adam HELLES, Auteur ; Carina I. GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Eva BILLSTEDT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.711-718 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  diagnostic stability  autism spectrum disorder  pervasive developmental disorder  males  longitudinal study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective To examine the diagnostic stability of a childhood diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) into adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study, and identify the predictors of stability. Methods One hundred males with AS diagnosed in childhood (T0) according to Gillberg's AS criteria, were followed up prospectively into adulthood over an average of 19 years (range 13–26 years). Fifty males (mean age 30 years) participated in this second follow-up (T2) of the cohort. Seventy-six had participated in a previous follow-up (T1) at mean age 22 years (47 participated in both follow-ups). Diagnosis at T2 was assessed using three sets of diagnostic criteria (Gillberg's AS criteria, DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) criteria) and compared to previous assessments. Background predictors of diagnostic stability were analyzed. General functioning at T2 was assessed and compared to T1. Results There was a decline in the stability of AS diagnosis over time, the rate dropping from 82% at T1 to 44% at T2, when using the Gillberg criteria. There was also a significant decrease in the rate of cases fulfilling any PDD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, from 91% at T1 to 76% at T2 in the 47 cases followed up twice. Severity of autism spectrum symptoms at T1 was the main predictor of diagnostic stability at T2. Twenty percent of those meeting criteria for a PDD diagnosis according to DSM-IV, did not meet DSM-5 ASD criteria although they had marked difficulties in everyday life. Conclusion Asperger Syndrome, when considered as an ASD/PDD diagnosis, was fairly stable into adulthood, but there was a significant increase over time in cases no longer meeting criteria for an ASD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, or AS according to the Gillberg criteria. Cases with a stable diagnosis showed significantly more core ASD symptoms in adolescence/young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12334 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adam HELLES, Auteur ; Carina I. GILLBERG, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Eva BILLSTEDT, Auteur . - p.711-718. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-6 (June 2015) . - p.711-718 Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  diagnostic stability  autism spectrum disorder  pervasive developmental disorder  males  longitudinal study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective To examine the diagnostic stability of a childhood diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome (AS) into adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study, and identify the predictors of stability. Methods One hundred males with AS diagnosed in childhood (T0) according to Gillberg's AS criteria, were followed up prospectively into adulthood over an average of 19 years (range 13–26 years). Fifty males (mean age 30 years) participated in this second follow-up (T2) of the cohort. Seventy-six had participated in a previous follow-up (T1) at mean age 22 years (47 participated in both follow-ups). Diagnosis at T2 was assessed using three sets of diagnostic criteria (Gillberg's AS criteria, DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) criteria) and compared to previous assessments. Background predictors of diagnostic stability were analyzed. General functioning at T2 was assessed and compared to T1. Results There was a decline in the stability of AS diagnosis over time, the rate dropping from 82% at T1 to 44% at T2, when using the Gillberg criteria. There was also a significant decrease in the rate of cases fulfilling any PDD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, from 91% at T1 to 76% at T2 in the 47 cases followed up twice. Severity of autism spectrum symptoms at T1 was the main predictor of diagnostic stability at T2. Twenty percent of those meeting criteria for a PDD diagnosis according to DSM-IV, did not meet DSM-5 ASD criteria although they had marked difficulties in everyday life. Conclusion Asperger Syndrome, when considered as an ASD/PDD diagnosis, was fairly stable into adulthood, but there was a significant increase over time in cases no longer meeting criteria for an ASD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV, or AS according to the Gillberg criteria. Cases with a stable diagnosis showed significantly more core ASD symptoms in adolescence/young adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12334 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260