Dépouillements

An Autistic "Linguatype"? Neologisms, New Words, and New Insights / Emily ZANE in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1518-1534 Titre : An Autistic "Linguatype"? Neologisms, New Words, and New Insights Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily ZANE, Auteur ; Rhiannon J. LUYSTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1518-1534 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT In this commentary, we present new ideas about autistic neologisms. This essay has two primary goals. First, we argue that an autistic predilection to form neologisms generates intriguing new hypotheses about language in autism, including the possibility that a tendency to use neologisms could be a featural element of an autistic ?linguatype? (as in ?phenotype?). Second, we suggest that the study of neologism meaning, form, and use can yield insights about a specific speaker and about autistic language, generally. To support both aims, we present the largest collection to date of autistic neologisms. We supply an initial framework for considering and analyzing them, and we apply this framework to some of our collected examples, showing how individual neologisms can offer insights about their creators. Importantly, we suggest that neologism creation may sometimes signify linguistic giftedness, pushing back against traditional notions suggesting autistic neologisms are always evidence of language deficit. We hope this exercise will convince our community that autistic neologisms are deserving of more scientific attention and study. More broadly, by demonstrating the potential value of one feature of autistic language, we aspire to advance collective appreciation for the complexity of autistic language and thought. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70080 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] An Autistic "Linguatype"? Neologisms, New Words, and New Insights [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily ZANE, Auteur ; Rhiannon J. LUYSTER, Auteur . - p.1518-1534. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1518-1534 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT In this commentary, we present new ideas about autistic neologisms. This essay has two primary goals. First, we argue that an autistic predilection to form neologisms generates intriguing new hypotheses about language in autism, including the possibility that a tendency to use neologisms could be a featural element of an autistic ?linguatype? (as in ?phenotype?). Second, we suggest that the study of neologism meaning, form, and use can yield insights about a specific speaker and about autistic language, generally. To support both aims, we present the largest collection to date of autistic neologisms. We supply an initial framework for considering and analyzing them, and we apply this framework to some of our collected examples, showing how individual neologisms can offer insights about their creators. Importantly, we suggest that neologism creation may sometimes signify linguistic giftedness, pushing back against traditional notions suggesting autistic neologisms are always evidence of language deficit. We hope this exercise will convince our community that autistic neologisms are deserving of more scientific attention and study. More broadly, by demonstrating the potential value of one feature of autistic language, we aspire to advance collective appreciation for the complexity of autistic language and thought. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70080 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Protein-Altering Variants' Analysis in Autism Subgroups Uncovers Early Brain-Expressed Gene Modules Relevant to Autism Pathophysiology / Gaia SCACCABAROZZI in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1535-1549 Titre : Protein-Altering Variants' Analysis in Autism Subgroups Uncovers Early Brain-Expressed Gene Modules Relevant to Autism Pathophysiology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gaia SCACCABAROZZI, Auteur ; Luca FUMAGALLI, Auteur ; Maddalena MAMBRETTI, Auteur ; Roberto GIORDA, Auteur ; Marco VILLA, Auteur ; Silvia BUSTI CECCARELLI, Auteur ; Laura VILLA, Auteur ; Elisa MANI, Auteur ; Maria NOBILE, Auteur ; Massimo MOLTENI, Auteur ; Uberto POZZOLI, Auteur ; Alessandro CRIPPA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1535-1549 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  brain expression  genetics  heterogeneity  protein-altering variants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Understanding the functional implications of genes' variants in autism heterogeneity is challenging. Gene set analysis examines the cumulative effect of multiple functionally converging genes. Here we explored whether a multi-step analysis could identify gene sets with different loads of protein-altering variants (PAVs) between two subgroups of autistic children. After subdividing our sample (n?=?71, 3?12?years) based on higher (>?80; n?=?43) and lower (? 80; n?=?28) intelligence quotient (IQ), a gene set variant enrichment analysis identified gene sets with significantly different incidence of PAVs between the two subgroups of autistic children. Significant gene sets were then clustered into modules of genes. Their brain expression was investigated according to the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. Next, we extended each module by selecting the genes that were spatio-temporally co-expressed in the developing brain and physically interacting with those in modules. Last, we explored the incidence of autism susceptibility genes within original and extended modules. Our analysis identified 38 significant gene sets (FDR, q? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Protein-Altering Variants' Analysis in Autism Subgroups Uncovers Early Brain-Expressed Gene Modules Relevant to Autism Pathophysiology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gaia SCACCABAROZZI, Auteur ; Luca FUMAGALLI, Auteur ; Maddalena MAMBRETTI, Auteur ; Roberto GIORDA, Auteur ; Marco VILLA, Auteur ; Silvia BUSTI CECCARELLI, Auteur ; Laura VILLA, Auteur ; Elisa MANI, Auteur ; Maria NOBILE, Auteur ; Massimo MOLTENI, Auteur ; Uberto POZZOLI, Auteur ; Alessandro CRIPPA, Auteur . - p.1535-1549. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1535-1549 Mots-clés : autism  brain expression  genetics  heterogeneity  protein-altering variants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Understanding the functional implications of genes' variants in autism heterogeneity is challenging. Gene set analysis examines the cumulative effect of multiple functionally converging genes. Here we explored whether a multi-step analysis could identify gene sets with different loads of protein-altering variants (PAVs) between two subgroups of autistic children. After subdividing our sample (n?=?71, 3?12?years) based on higher (>?80; n?=?43) and lower (? 80; n?=?28) intelligence quotient (IQ), a gene set variant enrichment analysis identified gene sets with significantly different incidence of PAVs between the two subgroups of autistic children. Significant gene sets were then clustered into modules of genes. Their brain expression was investigated according to the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. Next, we extended each module by selecting the genes that were spatio-temporally co-expressed in the developing brain and physically interacting with those in modules. Last, we explored the incidence of autism susceptibility genes within original and extended modules. Our analysis identified 38 significant gene sets (FDR, q? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

The Role of the Brain's Pragmatic Language Network in Reading Comprehension in Autistic Children / Elizabeth VALLES-CAPETILLO in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1550-1562 Titre : The Role of the Brain's Pragmatic Language Network in Reading Comprehension in Autistic Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth VALLES-CAPETILLO, Auteur ; McKayla R. KURTZ, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1550-1562 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  fMRI  pragmatic language  reading  ToM Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT One of the earliest and commonly reported symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a delay in language development. Such delay may sometimes accompany deficits which can have a long-term impact on reading comprehension. It is frequently reported that autistic children exhibit significant difficulties in pragmatics, which is the communicative use of language. While the focus of most studies on reading has been on comprehension, some have proposed a positive correlation between reading and pragmatics. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms that underpin pragmatic language in autism remain poorly understood. The objective of this functional MRI study is to examine the differences in the brain's Pragmatic Network (PN) during two levels of reading tasks in autistic and neurotypical (NT) children. The study included children aged 8?13?years (VA task?=?26 ASD and 15 NT; MS task?=?25 ASD and 15 NT). The results demonstrate that while both groups engaged the PN, the ASD participants exhibited additional recruitment of PN areas that overlapped with language processing, contextual integration of linguistic information, and theory of mind. Furthermore, the ASD group, but not the NT group, showed a correlation between the percentage of signal change and reading comprehension. In addition to underscoring the role of the PN in reading comprehension, these findings point to increased engagement of the PN in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70076 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] The Role of the Brain's Pragmatic Language Network in Reading Comprehension in Autistic Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth VALLES-CAPETILLO, Auteur ; McKayla R. KURTZ, Auteur ; Rajesh K. KANA, Auteur . - p.1550-1562. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1550-1562 Mots-clés : ASD  fMRI  pragmatic language  reading  ToM Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT One of the earliest and commonly reported symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a delay in language development. Such delay may sometimes accompany deficits which can have a long-term impact on reading comprehension. It is frequently reported that autistic children exhibit significant difficulties in pragmatics, which is the communicative use of language. While the focus of most studies on reading has been on comprehension, some have proposed a positive correlation between reading and pragmatics. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms that underpin pragmatic language in autism remain poorly understood. The objective of this functional MRI study is to examine the differences in the brain's Pragmatic Network (PN) during two levels of reading tasks in autistic and neurotypical (NT) children. The study included children aged 8?13?years (VA task?=?26 ASD and 15 NT; MS task?=?25 ASD and 15 NT). The results demonstrate that while both groups engaged the PN, the ASD participants exhibited additional recruitment of PN areas that overlapped with language processing, contextual integration of linguistic information, and theory of mind. Furthermore, the ASD group, but not the NT group, showed a correlation between the percentage of signal change and reading comprehension. In addition to underscoring the role of the PN in reading comprehension, these findings point to increased engagement of the PN in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70076 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Atypical Scene-Selectivity in the Retrosplenial Complex in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Andrew S. PERSICHETTI in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1563-1567 Titre : Atypical Scene-Selectivity in the Retrosplenial Complex in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrew S. PERSICHETTI, Auteur ; Taylor L. LI, Auteur ; W. Dale STEVENS, Auteur ; Alex MARTIN, Auteur ; Adrian W. GILMORE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1563-1567 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  functional MRI  navigation  scene perception  spatial cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT A small behavioral literature on individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown that they can be impaired when navigating using map-based strategies (i.e., memory-guided navigation), but not during visually-guided navigation. Meanwhile, there is neuroimaging evidence in typically developing (TD) individuals demonstrating that the retrosplenial complex (RSC) is part of a memory-guided navigation system, while the occipital place area (OPA) is part of a visually-guided navigation system. A key identifying feature of the RSC and OPA is that they respond significantly more to pictures of places compared to faces or objects?i.e., they demonstrate scene-selectivity. Therefore, we predicted that scene-selectivity would be weaker in the RSC of individuals with ASD compared to a TD control group, while the OPA would not show such a difference between the groups. We used functional MRI to scan groups of ASD individuals and matched TD individuals while they viewed pictures of places and faces and performed a one-back task. As predicted, scene-selectivity was significantly lower in the RSC, but not OPA, in the ASD group compared to the TD group. These results suggest that impaired memory-guided navigation in individuals with ASD may, in part, be due to atypical functioning in the RSC. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70079 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Atypical Scene-Selectivity in the Retrosplenial Complex in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrew S. PERSICHETTI, Auteur ; Taylor L. LI, Auteur ; W. Dale STEVENS, Auteur ; Alex MARTIN, Auteur ; Adrian W. GILMORE, Auteur . - p.1563-1567. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1563-1567 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  functional MRI  navigation  scene perception  spatial cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT A small behavioral literature on individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown that they can be impaired when navigating using map-based strategies (i.e., memory-guided navigation), but not during visually-guided navigation. Meanwhile, there is neuroimaging evidence in typically developing (TD) individuals demonstrating that the retrosplenial complex (RSC) is part of a memory-guided navigation system, while the occipital place area (OPA) is part of a visually-guided navigation system. A key identifying feature of the RSC and OPA is that they respond significantly more to pictures of places compared to faces or objects?i.e., they demonstrate scene-selectivity. Therefore, we predicted that scene-selectivity would be weaker in the RSC of individuals with ASD compared to a TD control group, while the OPA would not show such a difference between the groups. We used functional MRI to scan groups of ASD individuals and matched TD individuals while they viewed pictures of places and faces and performed a one-back task. As predicted, scene-selectivity was significantly lower in the RSC, but not OPA, in the ASD group compared to the TD group. These results suggest that impaired memory-guided navigation in individuals with ASD may, in part, be due to atypical functioning in the RSC. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70079 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

The Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) System in Toddlers With Early Indicators of Autism: Test-Retest Reliability and Convergent Validity With Clinical Language Assessments / Nicole NADWODNY in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1568-1579 Titre : The Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) System in Toddlers With Early Indicators of Autism: Test-Retest Reliability and Convergent Validity With Clinical Language Assessments Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole NADWODNY, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Brooke R. INGERSOLL, Auteur ; Allison L. WAINER, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Abbey EISENHOWER, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Rise Research Network THE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1568-1579 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  data collection methods  language acquisition  language development  social communication  test-retest reliability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Clinical language assessments often influence the types of services that autistic children are eligible to receive. However, these assessments often take place outside of the child's natural language environment. In this study, we assess the potential of using naturalistic language processing technology, the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) system, in clinical research. Within a sample of caregivers and autistic toddlers aged 16?33?months (N?=?100), the current study examined associations between all LENA-generated variables and two clinical assessments of language: the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition: Communication Domain and the MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories: Vocabulary Checklist. We also evaluated LENA test?retest reliability in a subsample of participants (n?=?81). Some LENA-generated variables?specifically, the Conversational Turn Count, Vocal Productivity, and Automated Vocalization Assessment?exhibited small-to-moderate significant positive correlations with clinical language assessment variables. Additionally, all LENA-generated variables demonstrated moderate-to-good test?retest reliability within a 2-week period. To our knowledge, this is the first study that examines the psychometric properties of all LENA-generated variables in a single large sample. Findings show promising evidence of LENA's utility as a source of naturalistic language data for research with autistic toddlers. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05114538 (?Improving the Part C Early Intervention Service Delivery System for Children with ASD?) En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] The Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) System in Toddlers With Early Indicators of Autism: Test-Retest Reliability and Convergent Validity With Clinical Language Assessments [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole NADWODNY, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Brooke R. INGERSOLL, Auteur ; Allison L. WAINER, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Abbey EISENHOWER, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Rise Research Network THE, Auteur . - p.1568-1579. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1568-1579 Mots-clés : autism  data collection methods  language acquisition  language development  social communication  test-retest reliability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Clinical language assessments often influence the types of services that autistic children are eligible to receive. However, these assessments often take place outside of the child's natural language environment. In this study, we assess the potential of using naturalistic language processing technology, the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) system, in clinical research. Within a sample of caregivers and autistic toddlers aged 16?33?months (N?=?100), the current study examined associations between all LENA-generated variables and two clinical assessments of language: the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition: Communication Domain and the MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories: Vocabulary Checklist. We also evaluated LENA test?retest reliability in a subsample of participants (n?=?81). Some LENA-generated variables?specifically, the Conversational Turn Count, Vocal Productivity, and Automated Vocalization Assessment?exhibited small-to-moderate significant positive correlations with clinical language assessment variables. Additionally, all LENA-generated variables demonstrated moderate-to-good test?retest reliability within a 2-week period. To our knowledge, this is the first study that examines the psychometric properties of all LENA-generated variables in a single large sample. Findings show promising evidence of LENA's utility as a source of naturalistic language data for research with autistic toddlers. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05114538 (?Improving the Part C Early Intervention Service Delivery System for Children with ASD?) En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Network Analysis of Autistic Language Learners Along the Small World Spectrum / Eileen HAEBIG in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1580-1594 Titre : Network Analysis of Autistic Language Learners Along the Small World Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Stanley WEST, Auteur ; Eva JIMENEZ, Auteur ; Thomas T. HILLS, Auteur ; Christopher R. COX, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1580-1594 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  children  semantic network modeling  semantic structure  word learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Recent network analyses of vocabulary growth revealed important relationships between the structure of the semantic environment and early vocabulary acquisition in non-autistic children. However, autistic children may be less likely to encode associated features of novel objects, suggesting divergent processes for acquiring semantic information about words. We examined the expressive vocabularies of 815 non-autistic and 163 autistic children (words produced: MAutistic?=?183.06, MNon-autistic?=?182.91). We estimated their trajectories of semantic development using network analyses. Network structure was based on child-oriented word associations. We analyzed networks according to indegree, average shortest path length, clustering coefficient, and small-world propensity (features holistically contributing to ?small-world? network structure). Analyses revealed that autistic and non-autistic children are sensitive to the structure of their semantic environment. However, group differences were observed, with an early peak in the autistic group's clustering coefficient (how closely connected groups of words are), followed by a sharp decline. Moreover, across each network metric, we found that autistic children had reduced small-world structure relative to non-autistic toddlers. Thus, group differences indicate that, although autistic children are learning from their semantic environment, they may be processing their semantic environment differently, the language input to which they are exposed differs relative to non-autistic children, or a combination of the two. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70065 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Network Analysis of Autistic Language Learners Along the Small World Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Stanley WEST, Auteur ; Eva JIMENEZ, Auteur ; Thomas T. HILLS, Auteur ; Christopher R. COX, Auteur . - p.1580-1594. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1580-1594 Mots-clés : autism  children  semantic network modeling  semantic structure  word learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Recent network analyses of vocabulary growth revealed important relationships between the structure of the semantic environment and early vocabulary acquisition in non-autistic children. However, autistic children may be less likely to encode associated features of novel objects, suggesting divergent processes for acquiring semantic information about words. We examined the expressive vocabularies of 815 non-autistic and 163 autistic children (words produced: MAutistic?=?183.06, MNon-autistic?=?182.91). We estimated their trajectories of semantic development using network analyses. Network structure was based on child-oriented word associations. We analyzed networks according to indegree, average shortest path length, clustering coefficient, and small-world propensity (features holistically contributing to ?small-world? network structure). Analyses revealed that autistic and non-autistic children are sensitive to the structure of their semantic environment. However, group differences were observed, with an early peak in the autistic group's clustering coefficient (how closely connected groups of words are), followed by a sharp decline. Moreover, across each network metric, we found that autistic children had reduced small-world structure relative to non-autistic toddlers. Thus, group differences indicate that, although autistic children are learning from their semantic environment, they may be processing their semantic environment differently, the language input to which they are exposed differs relative to non-autistic children, or a combination of the two. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70065 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Cognitive Flexibility Mediates the Associations Between Perceived Stress, Social Camouflaging and Mental Health Challenges in Autistic Adults / Matthew J. HOLLOCKS in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1595-1607 Titre : Cognitive Flexibility Mediates the Associations Between Perceived Stress, Social Camouflaging and Mental Health Challenges in Autistic Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Matthew J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Nancy R. LEE, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1595-1607 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic people are at an elevated risk of experiencing co-occurring anxiety and depression. The contributors to this are likely multifaceted and complex and remain poorly understood. Cognitive flexibility, social camouflaging, and perceived stress provide useful indices of the interacting neurocognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors that have been associated with anxiety and depression in autistic individuals. Here, we test if cognitive flexibility, as the factor most closely related to individual differences in thinking styles, mediates the relationships between social camouflaging, perceived stress, and anxiety/depression. This study included 806 autistic individuals aged between 18 and 83?years (Mean age?=?40.2), recruited through the Research Match service of the Simons Powering Autism Research (SPARK) participant registry. Participants completed an online battery of questionnaires measuring cognitive and social flexibility, social camouflaging, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Parallel mediation analyses were used to test the mediating effect of cognitive and social flexibility. Across separate parallel mediation analyses, cognitive flexibility was found to significantly mediate the relationships between both social camouflaging and perceived stress with anxiety and depression. This was contrasted with social flexibility, which showed a lower magnitude mediating effect for perceived stress and no mediating effect of social camouflaging. Cognitive flexibility plays an important mediating role between the impact of both perceived stress and social camouflaging on greater symptoms of both anxiety and depression in autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70061 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Cognitive Flexibility Mediates the Associations Between Perceived Stress, Social Camouflaging and Mental Health Challenges in Autistic Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Matthew J. HOLLOCKS, Auteur ; Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Nancy R. LEE, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.1595-1607. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1595-1607 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Autistic people are at an elevated risk of experiencing co-occurring anxiety and depression. The contributors to this are likely multifaceted and complex and remain poorly understood. Cognitive flexibility, social camouflaging, and perceived stress provide useful indices of the interacting neurocognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors that have been associated with anxiety and depression in autistic individuals. Here, we test if cognitive flexibility, as the factor most closely related to individual differences in thinking styles, mediates the relationships between social camouflaging, perceived stress, and anxiety/depression. This study included 806 autistic individuals aged between 18 and 83?years (Mean age?=?40.2), recruited through the Research Match service of the Simons Powering Autism Research (SPARK) participant registry. Participants completed an online battery of questionnaires measuring cognitive and social flexibility, social camouflaging, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Parallel mediation analyses were used to test the mediating effect of cognitive and social flexibility. Across separate parallel mediation analyses, cognitive flexibility was found to significantly mediate the relationships between both social camouflaging and perceived stress with anxiety and depression. This was contrasted with social flexibility, which showed a lower magnitude mediating effect for perceived stress and no mediating effect of social camouflaging. Cognitive flexibility plays an important mediating role between the impact of both perceived stress and social camouflaging on greater symptoms of both anxiety and depression in autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70061 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Autism Spectrum Disorders Discourse on Social Media Platforms: A Topic Modeling Study of Reddit Posts / Seraphina FONG in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1608-1619 Titre : Autism Spectrum Disorders Discourse on Social Media Platforms: A Topic Modeling Study of Reddit Posts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Seraphina FONG, Auteur ; Alessandro CAROLLO, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Daniel S. MESSINGER, Auteur ; Dagmara DIMITRIOU, Auteur ; Gianluca ESPOSITO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1608-1619 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorders  BERTopic  natural language processing  neurodevelopmental conditions  social media  social networking sites  topic modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Social media platforms play a crucial role in shaping public perceptions of neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders, by providing spaces for community interaction and content sharing. These platforms hold the potential to foster connections and support among autistic individuals while offering valuable insights into their personal experiences and diverse perspectives. However, knowledge is limited on autism-related content shared within Reddit, one of the most prominent social media outlets. In this study, we aimed to examine discussions and narratives shared on Reddit about autism, with the dual objectives of identifying the main topics of discussion and exploring the lived experiences of autistic individuals. To achieve this, we utilized state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques to perform a topic modeling analysis on 740,042 autism-related posts collected from Reddit. Converging themes emerged when comparing the largest and most general subreddit in the dataset (r/autism) with 15 additional autism-related subreddits. The most prominent topics of discussion included challenges in social relationships, behaviors such as stimming, and sensory sensitivities. Additional themes highlighted specific emotional experiences and practical concerns, such as managing a diagnosis, navigating intervention options, and coping with daily life. These findings were organized and discussed in relation to social communication differences and restricted, repetitive behaviors, which are frequently highlighted in discussions about autism. At the same time, we acknowledge the perspective of autistic communities, which view these traits as differences rather than deficits, with many challenges arising from societal expectations and the pressure to mask neurodivergent traits. Together, the results provide a comprehensive overview of the most common topics discussed within autism-related social media content and offer valuable insights into the lived experiences and motivations for social media engagement among autistic individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70066 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Autism Spectrum Disorders Discourse on Social Media Platforms: A Topic Modeling Study of Reddit Posts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Seraphina FONG, Auteur ; Alessandro CAROLLO, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Daniel S. MESSINGER, Auteur ; Dagmara DIMITRIOU, Auteur ; Gianluca ESPOSITO, Auteur . - p.1608-1619. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1608-1619 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorders  BERTopic  natural language processing  neurodevelopmental conditions  social media  social networking sites  topic modeling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Social media platforms play a crucial role in shaping public perceptions of neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders, by providing spaces for community interaction and content sharing. These platforms hold the potential to foster connections and support among autistic individuals while offering valuable insights into their personal experiences and diverse perspectives. However, knowledge is limited on autism-related content shared within Reddit, one of the most prominent social media outlets. In this study, we aimed to examine discussions and narratives shared on Reddit about autism, with the dual objectives of identifying the main topics of discussion and exploring the lived experiences of autistic individuals. To achieve this, we utilized state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques to perform a topic modeling analysis on 740,042 autism-related posts collected from Reddit. Converging themes emerged when comparing the largest and most general subreddit in the dataset (r/autism) with 15 additional autism-related subreddits. The most prominent topics of discussion included challenges in social relationships, behaviors such as stimming, and sensory sensitivities. Additional themes highlighted specific emotional experiences and practical concerns, such as managing a diagnosis, navigating intervention options, and coping with daily life. These findings were organized and discussed in relation to social communication differences and restricted, repetitive behaviors, which are frequently highlighted in discussions about autism. At the same time, we acknowledge the perspective of autistic communities, which view these traits as differences rather than deficits, with many challenges arising from societal expectations and the pressure to mask neurodivergent traits. Together, the results provide a comprehensive overview of the most common topics discussed within autism-related social media content and offer valuable insights into the lived experiences and motivations for social media engagement among autistic individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70066 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Distinct Empathy Profiles in Autism and Social Anxiety: A Comparative Study / Sigal TIKOCHINSKY in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1620-1629 Titre : Distinct Empathy Profiles in Autism and Social Anxiety: A Comparative Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sigal TIKOCHINSKY, Auteur ; Esther BEN-ITZCHAK, Auteur ; Gil ZUKERMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1620-1629 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : affective empathy  autism spectrum  cognitive empathy  empathic concern  personal distress  social anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study examined cognitive and affective empathy in individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC), social anxiety (SA), and those without these conditions. A total of 105 university students (mean age?=?24.2?years) were divided into three groups: ASC (n?=?34), SA (n?=?38), and controls (n?=?33). Participants completed the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess cognitive (fantasy, perspective taking) and affective (personal distress, empathic concern) empathy. State cognitive empathy was measured using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET). Results showed that the ASC group had lower empathic concern than the SA and control groups and lower perspective taking than controls. Both ASC and SA groups reported higher personal distress than controls. A novel personal distress-to-empathic concern ratio (PD/EC) effectively differentiated ASC from SA, with a proposed cutoff of 0.83, demonstrating good sensitivity and moderate specificity. RMET scores were within the norm for all groups, with no significant differences. These findings highlight distinct empathy profiles in autism and social anxiety and introduce a new metric for differentiation, with potential clinical and research applications in empathy assessment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70075 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Distinct Empathy Profiles in Autism and Social Anxiety: A Comparative Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sigal TIKOCHINSKY, Auteur ; Esther BEN-ITZCHAK, Auteur ; Gil ZUKERMAN, Auteur . - p.1620-1629. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1620-1629 Mots-clés : affective empathy  autism spectrum  cognitive empathy  empathic concern  personal distress  social anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study examined cognitive and affective empathy in individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC), social anxiety (SA), and those without these conditions. A total of 105 university students (mean age?=?24.2?years) were divided into three groups: ASC (n?=?34), SA (n?=?38), and controls (n?=?33). Participants completed the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess cognitive (fantasy, perspective taking) and affective (personal distress, empathic concern) empathy. State cognitive empathy was measured using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET). Results showed that the ASC group had lower empathic concern than the SA and control groups and lower perspective taking than controls. Both ASC and SA groups reported higher personal distress than controls. A novel personal distress-to-empathic concern ratio (PD/EC) effectively differentiated ASC from SA, with a proposed cutoff of 0.83, demonstrating good sensitivity and moderate specificity. RMET scores were within the norm for all groups, with no significant differences. These findings highlight distinct empathy profiles in autism and social anxiety and introduce a new metric for differentiation, with potential clinical and research applications in empathy assessment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70075 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

The Association Between Maternal Asthma and Child Autism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / Renee VAN DER SCHAAF in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1630-1650 Titre : The Association Between Maternal Asthma and Child Autism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Renee VAN DER SCHAAF, Auteur ; Vanessa E. MURPHY, Auteur ; Soriah HARVEY, Auteur ; Paige DENT, Auteur ; Alison LANE, Auteur ; Olivia WHALEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1630-1650 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : asthma  asthma medication  autism  child  infant  maternal  pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Maternal asthma has been linked to child autism. In this study, we systematically reviewed observational studies published between July 2001 and February 2024 that assessed maternal asthma during pregnancy (exposure) and child autism (outcome). Databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Of the 350 potential studies, 19 met the inclusion criteria (2,530,716 participants; 73,065 autistic participants). Quality was assessed with the Newcastle?Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses using proportions and odds ratios were conducted using the Mantel?Haenszel method with a random-effects model. Compared to women without asthma, there was an increased odds of child autism with any history of maternal asthma (OR?=?1.32; 95% CI?=?1.21, 1.44; I2?=?61%, n?=?14), with current asthma during pregnancy (OR?=?1.23; 95% CI?=?1.12, 1.35; I2?=?35%, n?=?10) and with medication use during pregnancy (OR?=?1.48; 95% CI?=?1.30, 1.68; I2?=?0%, n?=?3). However, when women with asthma who used asthma medication were compared to those with asthma who did not use medication, there were no increased odds for child autism (OR?=?1.07; 95% CI?=?0.89, 1.27; I2?=?34%, n?=?2). Maternal asthma is associated with an increased odds of child autism. Future studies should consider neurodivergence in the parents, the severity of asthma, and the effectiveness of prescribed medication in managing the mother's asthma to improve our understanding of this association. Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42021265060 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70071 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] The Association Between Maternal Asthma and Child Autism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Renee VAN DER SCHAAF, Auteur ; Vanessa E. MURPHY, Auteur ; Soriah HARVEY, Auteur ; Paige DENT, Auteur ; Alison LANE, Auteur ; Olivia WHALEN, Auteur . - p.1630-1650. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1630-1650 Mots-clés : asthma  asthma medication  autism  child  infant  maternal  pregnancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Maternal asthma has been linked to child autism. In this study, we systematically reviewed observational studies published between July 2001 and February 2024 that assessed maternal asthma during pregnancy (exposure) and child autism (outcome). Databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Of the 350 potential studies, 19 met the inclusion criteria (2,530,716 participants; 73,065 autistic participants). Quality was assessed with the Newcastle?Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses using proportions and odds ratios were conducted using the Mantel?Haenszel method with a random-effects model. Compared to women without asthma, there was an increased odds of child autism with any history of maternal asthma (OR?=?1.32; 95% CI?=?1.21, 1.44; I2?=?61%, n?=?14), with current asthma during pregnancy (OR?=?1.23; 95% CI?=?1.12, 1.35; I2?=?35%, n?=?10) and with medication use during pregnancy (OR?=?1.48; 95% CI?=?1.30, 1.68; I2?=?0%, n?=?3). However, when women with asthma who used asthma medication were compared to those with asthma who did not use medication, there were no increased odds for child autism (OR?=?1.07; 95% CI?=?0.89, 1.27; I2?=?34%, n?=?2). Maternal asthma is associated with an increased odds of child autism. Future studies should consider neurodivergence in the parents, the severity of asthma, and the effectiveness of prescribed medication in managing the mother's asthma to improve our understanding of this association. Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42021265060 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70071 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Comparative Analysis of Autistic Women Across the Lifespan: Childhood vs. Adulthood Diagnosis / Maire Claire DIEMER in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1651-1663 Titre : Comparative Analysis of Autistic Women Across the Lifespan: Childhood vs. Adulthood Diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maire Claire DIEMER, Auteur ; Rosmary ROS-DEMARIZE, Auteur ; Catherine C. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Stephen KANNE, Auteur ; So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur ; LeeAnne Green SNYDER, Auteur ; Ericka WODKA, Auteur ; Spark CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1651-1663 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  co-occurring conditions  LGBT  lifespan  SPARK  women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study investigates the experiences of autistic adult women, a group understudied in autism research due to a predominant focus on early identification/intervention, restrictive research participation criteria, and differing rates of diagnosis by sex. This study characterizes a cohort of autistic adult women (n?=?1424) across various dimensions including demographics, relationships, education, employment, income, well-being, and co-occurring psychiatric conditions. It also explores differences among those diagnosed with autism as children versus those diagnosed as adults. The sample was limited to women able to read and provide independent consent to participate. Results indicated that the average age of diagnosis for those diagnosed before age 18 was 9.6?years old, whereas for those diagnosed in adulthood it was 31.8. Over 80% of the sample had completed some college or post-secondary education, with more than a third of those diagnosed as adults having attained a 4-year college degree or higher. More than half were employed, with those diagnosed as adults more likely to be employed full time (31.74%). Additionally, more than half were married or identified a romantic partner. Significant rates of psychiatric comorbidity were reported, with those diagnosed with autism as adults more likely to have co-occurring anxiety (69.87%), depression (61.79%), eating disorders (17.28%), and substance use diagnoses (8.85%) than those diagnosed as children. High rates of suicidal ideation (34%) and self-harm (21%) were endorsed in the full sample. Regression analyses indicated that being diagnosed with autism at a later age was associated with higher internalizing, externalizing, and substance use as well as a lower report of personal strengths, even when accounting for demographic factors. Despite these challenges, our findings highlight that many autistic women have positive outcomes and meet common adult developmental milestones. The authors advocate for the development of more tailored treatment options that address the specific needs of autistic women. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70073 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Comparative Analysis of Autistic Women Across the Lifespan: Childhood vs. Adulthood Diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maire Claire DIEMER, Auteur ; Rosmary ROS-DEMARIZE, Auteur ; Catherine C. BRADLEY, Auteur ; Stephen KANNE, Auteur ; So Hyun KIM, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur ; LeeAnne Green SNYDER, Auteur ; Ericka WODKA, Auteur ; Spark CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur . - p.1651-1663. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1651-1663 Mots-clés : adults  autism  co-occurring conditions  LGBT  lifespan  SPARK  women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT This study investigates the experiences of autistic adult women, a group understudied in autism research due to a predominant focus on early identification/intervention, restrictive research participation criteria, and differing rates of diagnosis by sex. This study characterizes a cohort of autistic adult women (n?=?1424) across various dimensions including demographics, relationships, education, employment, income, well-being, and co-occurring psychiatric conditions. It also explores differences among those diagnosed with autism as children versus those diagnosed as adults. The sample was limited to women able to read and provide independent consent to participate. Results indicated that the average age of diagnosis for those diagnosed before age 18 was 9.6?years old, whereas for those diagnosed in adulthood it was 31.8. Over 80% of the sample had completed some college or post-secondary education, with more than a third of those diagnosed as adults having attained a 4-year college degree or higher. More than half were employed, with those diagnosed as adults more likely to be employed full time (31.74%). Additionally, more than half were married or identified a romantic partner. Significant rates of psychiatric comorbidity were reported, with those diagnosed with autism as adults more likely to have co-occurring anxiety (69.87%), depression (61.79%), eating disorders (17.28%), and substance use diagnoses (8.85%) than those diagnosed as children. High rates of suicidal ideation (34%) and self-harm (21%) were endorsed in the full sample. Regression analyses indicated that being diagnosed with autism at a later age was associated with higher internalizing, externalizing, and substance use as well as a lower report of personal strengths, even when accounting for demographic factors. Despite these challenges, our findings highlight that many autistic women have positive outcomes and meet common adult developmental milestones. The authors advocate for the development of more tailored treatment options that address the specific needs of autistic women. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70073 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Age, Race, and Ethnicity of Maternal Grandparents in Autism Spectrum Disorder, a California Multigenerational Study / Ting CHOW in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1664-1673 Titre : Age, Race, and Ethnicity of Maternal Grandparents in Autism Spectrum Disorder, a California Multigenerational Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ting CHOW, Auteur ; Qi MENG, Auteur ; Jingyuan XIAO, Auteur ; Karl O'SHARKEY, Auteur ; Zeyan LIEW, Auteur ; Beate RITZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1664-1673 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  grandfather's age  grandmother's age  multigenerational  race/ethnicity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT We investigated associations between maternal grandparents' age and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in grandchildren, exploring differences by race/ethnicity. In a multigenerational California birth cohort study including 1,743,998 and 1,630,722 mother?child pairs (with 27,975 and 25,816 ASD cases, respectively), we examined ASD risk by grandmother's and grandfather's age at the time when their daughter was born. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. The odds of ASD in grandchildren were higher among White grandmothers (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08?1.20) and grandfathers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11?1.25) who had daughters at younger ages (18?24?years) compared to the 25?29?year reference, while inverse associations were observed for younger Black grandmothers (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78?0.94). At older ages (35?55?years), ASD risks were higher among Hispanic grandmothers (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06?1.21) and Hispanic (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06?1.18) and Black grandfathers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05?1.32). The risk of ASD in grandchildren was higher among older grandparents of several races/ethnicities but among the youngest grandparents only among those of White race. Differences by race/ethnicity may imply different mechanisms operating in younger and older grandparents. Studies exploring the contributions of biological as well as social, occupational, and environmental factors on the influence of age at pregnancy with ASD are needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70074 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Age, Race, and Ethnicity of Maternal Grandparents in Autism Spectrum Disorder, a California Multigenerational Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ting CHOW, Auteur ; Qi MENG, Auteur ; Jingyuan XIAO, Auteur ; Karl O'SHARKEY, Auteur ; Zeyan LIEW, Auteur ; Beate RITZ, Auteur . - p.1664-1673. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1664-1673 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  grandfather's age  grandmother's age  multigenerational  race/ethnicity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT We investigated associations between maternal grandparents' age and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in grandchildren, exploring differences by race/ethnicity. In a multigenerational California birth cohort study including 1,743,998 and 1,630,722 mother?child pairs (with 27,975 and 25,816 ASD cases, respectively), we examined ASD risk by grandmother's and grandfather's age at the time when their daughter was born. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. The odds of ASD in grandchildren were higher among White grandmothers (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08?1.20) and grandfathers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11?1.25) who had daughters at younger ages (18?24?years) compared to the 25?29?year reference, while inverse associations were observed for younger Black grandmothers (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78?0.94). At older ages (35?55?years), ASD risks were higher among Hispanic grandmothers (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06?1.21) and Hispanic (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06?1.18) and Black grandfathers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05?1.32). The risk of ASD in grandchildren was higher among older grandparents of several races/ethnicities but among the youngest grandparents only among those of White race. Differences by race/ethnicity may imply different mechanisms operating in younger and older grandparents. Studies exploring the contributions of biological as well as social, occupational, and environmental factors on the influence of age at pregnancy with ASD are needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70074 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Male and Female Healthcare Trajectories in Autism: Are There Any Differences Considering Age at Diagnosis and Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities Status? / Mélanie COUTURE in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1674-1692 Titre : Male and Female Healthcare Trajectories in Autism: Are There Any Differences Considering Age at Diagnosis and Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities Status? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mélanie COUTURE, Auteur ; Josiane COURTEAU, Auteur ; Sébastien BRODEUR, Auteur ; Yohann M. CHIU, Auteur ; Mireille COURTEAU, Auteur ; Émilie DUBÉ, Auteur ; Nina THOMAS, Auteur ; Lesage ALAIN, Auteur ; Eric FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Isabelle DUFOUR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1674-1692 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  care trajectory  healthcare utilization  mental health  state sequence analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the healthcare trajectories (HCTs) 2?years after a first diagnosis of autism according to sex, age at diagnosis, and intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) status. This is a retrospective cohort study using health administrative data from Québec, Canada. The cohort included all individuals with a first diagnosis of autism registered by a physician between April 2012 and March 2015. HCTs were stratified by sex, presence of IDD, and age at diagnosis (youth, adult), and analyzed using state sequence analysis across healthcare settings, providers, and reasons for use. Our cohort included 5289 individuals, 76.6% were male, and 26.3% were adults at the time of diagnosis. The healthcare use decreased slightly over time, though intensity was higher in females. Sex differences in HCTs were strongly influenced by IDD status and age at diagnosis. While no significant sex differences were observed in HCTs for individuals with IDD diagnosed with autism in adulthood, the psychiatric condition profiles showed notable differences between males and females. Hospital days nearly doubled for females diagnosed in childhood compared to males, while males with IDD diagnosed with autism in childhood and males without IDD diagnosed in adulthood had fewer physical illness visits. Although physical and mental health challenges appear largely managed in ambulatory care during youth, high hospitalization rates in those diagnosed in adulthood, particularly females and those with IDD, highlight concerns about continuity of care and avoidable hospitalizations for these subgroups of patients. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Male and Female Healthcare Trajectories in Autism: Are There Any Differences Considering Age at Diagnosis and Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities Status? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mélanie COUTURE, Auteur ; Josiane COURTEAU, Auteur ; Sébastien BRODEUR, Auteur ; Yohann M. CHIU, Auteur ; Mireille COURTEAU, Auteur ; Émilie DUBÉ, Auteur ; Nina THOMAS, Auteur ; Lesage ALAIN, Auteur ; Eric FOMBONNE, Auteur ; Isabelle DUFOUR, Auteur . - p.1674-1692. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1674-1692 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  care trajectory  healthcare utilization  mental health  state sequence analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the healthcare trajectories (HCTs) 2?years after a first diagnosis of autism according to sex, age at diagnosis, and intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) status. This is a retrospective cohort study using health administrative data from Québec, Canada. The cohort included all individuals with a first diagnosis of autism registered by a physician between April 2012 and March 2015. HCTs were stratified by sex, presence of IDD, and age at diagnosis (youth, adult), and analyzed using state sequence analysis across healthcare settings, providers, and reasons for use. Our cohort included 5289 individuals, 76.6% were male, and 26.3% were adults at the time of diagnosis. The healthcare use decreased slightly over time, though intensity was higher in females. Sex differences in HCTs were strongly influenced by IDD status and age at diagnosis. While no significant sex differences were observed in HCTs for individuals with IDD diagnosed with autism in adulthood, the psychiatric condition profiles showed notable differences between males and females. Hospital days nearly doubled for females diagnosed in childhood compared to males, while males with IDD diagnosed with autism in childhood and males without IDD diagnosed in adulthood had fewer physical illness visits. Although physical and mental health challenges appear largely managed in ambulatory care during youth, high hospitalization rates in those diagnosed in adulthood, particularly females and those with IDD, highlight concerns about continuity of care and avoidable hospitalizations for these subgroups of patients. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70072 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Maternal Mediterranean-Style Diet During Pregnancy and Child Social Impairment as Measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale / Xiaoyu CHE in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1693-1703 Titre : Maternal Mediterranean-Style Diet During Pregnancy and Child Social Impairment as Measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xiaoyu CHE, Auteur ; Xueqi QU, Auteur ; Ramkripa RAGHAVEN, Auteur ; Colleen PEARSON, Auteur ; William ADAMS, Auteur ; Heather VOLK, Auteur ; Marilyn AUGUSTYN, Auteur ; Xiaobin WANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1693-1703 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  dietary pattern  mediterranean-style diet  nutrition  pregnancy  social responsiveness scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT While previous studies have examined the role of individual micronutrients in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), limited evidence exists on how maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy relate to broader social and communication outcomes. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy and measures of social impairment in a racially diverse, prospective birth cohort. We analyzed 821 mother?child pairs from the Boston Birth Cohort, including 52 children with an ASD diagnosis. Maternal Mediterranean-style Diet Scores (MSDS) during pregnancy were calculated using food frequency questionnaires administered 24?72?h after delivery. Child social impairment was assessed using Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Restricted cubic spline models were used to explore potential non-linear relationships between MSDS and SRS total scores. Linear regression models were used to quantify associations between MSDS tertiles and children's SRS total scores and scores across five SRS subdomains. An L-shape association was observed between maternal MSDS and SRS total scores. Compared to the children of mothers in the lowest MSDS tertiles, those in the middle (beta (95% CI)?=??4.95 (?9.59, ?0.31)) and highest tertiles (?5.13 (?9.48, ?0.79)) had significantly lower SRS total scores, indicating reduced social impairment. Associations were particularly pronounced in the social cognition and social communication subdomains. Greater maternal adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy was associated with better social interaction and communication development in children. These findings underscore the critical role of maternal nutrition in child neurodevelopment, highlighting potential targets for early risk assessment and prevention efforts. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70077 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Maternal Mediterranean-Style Diet During Pregnancy and Child Social Impairment as Measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xiaoyu CHE, Auteur ; Xueqi QU, Auteur ; Ramkripa RAGHAVEN, Auteur ; Colleen PEARSON, Auteur ; William ADAMS, Auteur ; Heather VOLK, Auteur ; Marilyn AUGUSTYN, Auteur ; Xiaobin WANG, Auteur . - p.1693-1703. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1693-1703 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  children  dietary pattern  mediterranean-style diet  nutrition  pregnancy  social responsiveness scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT While previous studies have examined the role of individual micronutrients in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), limited evidence exists on how maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy relate to broader social and communication outcomes. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy and measures of social impairment in a racially diverse, prospective birth cohort. We analyzed 821 mother?child pairs from the Boston Birth Cohort, including 52 children with an ASD diagnosis. Maternal Mediterranean-style Diet Scores (MSDS) during pregnancy were calculated using food frequency questionnaires administered 24?72?h after delivery. Child social impairment was assessed using Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Restricted cubic spline models were used to explore potential non-linear relationships between MSDS and SRS total scores. Linear regression models were used to quantify associations between MSDS tertiles and children's SRS total scores and scores across five SRS subdomains. An L-shape association was observed between maternal MSDS and SRS total scores. Compared to the children of mothers in the lowest MSDS tertiles, those in the middle (beta (95% CI)?=??4.95 (?9.59, ?0.31)) and highest tertiles (?5.13 (?9.48, ?0.79)) had significantly lower SRS total scores, indicating reduced social impairment. Associations were particularly pronounced in the social cognition and social communication subdomains. Greater maternal adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy was associated with better social interaction and communication development in children. These findings underscore the critical role of maternal nutrition in child neurodevelopment, highlighting potential targets for early risk assessment and prevention efforts. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70077 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Prevalence of Substance Use Disorder Among Autistic Youth With and Without Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions and a History of Trauma / Jeanette M. GARCIA in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1704-1713 Titre : Prevalence of Substance Use Disorder Among Autistic Youth With and Without Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions and a History of Trauma Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeanette M. GARCIA, Auteur ; Kristy A. ANDERSON, Auteur ; John R. MOORE, Auteur ; Tanya RENN, Auteur ; Jessica E. RAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1704-1713 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autistic disorder  comorbidity  mental disorders  substance-related disorders  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT There is limited research on the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) in autistic youth. Additionally, while mental health conditions and history of trauma have been associated with a higher prevalence of SUD in non-autistic youth, the research in autistic youth is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of SUDs in autistic youth compared to non-autistic youth with co-occurring mental health conditions and adverse childhood experiences. Data from 22,828 autistic youth and 601,348 non-autistic youth were drawn from the Child and Caregiver Linked Utilization and Outcomes Database (CCOULD). SUDs were identified using categorized ICD-10 diagnostic codes, and mental health comorbidities included six conditions (ADHD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/psychotic disorders, trauma/stress-related disorders), substantiated maltreatment allegations, and placement history. Overall prevalence of SUD was lower among autistic youth (1.7%) compared to non-autistic youth (3.8%, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70081 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Prevalence of Substance Use Disorder Among Autistic Youth With and Without Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions and a History of Trauma [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeanette M. GARCIA, Auteur ; Kristy A. ANDERSON, Auteur ; John R. MOORE, Auteur ; Tanya RENN, Auteur ; Jessica E. RAST, Auteur . - p.1704-1713. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1704-1713 Mots-clés : autistic disorder  comorbidity  mental disorders  substance-related disorders  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT There is limited research on the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) in autistic youth. Additionally, while mental health conditions and history of trauma have been associated with a higher prevalence of SUD in non-autistic youth, the research in autistic youth is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of SUDs in autistic youth compared to non-autistic youth with co-occurring mental health conditions and adverse childhood experiences. Data from 22,828 autistic youth and 601,348 non-autistic youth were drawn from the Child and Caregiver Linked Utilization and Outcomes Database (CCOULD). SUDs were identified using categorized ICD-10 diagnostic codes, and mental health comorbidities included six conditions (ADHD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/psychotic disorders, trauma/stress-related disorders), substantiated maltreatment allegations, and placement history. Overall prevalence of SUD was lower among autistic youth (1.7%) compared to non-autistic youth (3.8%, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70081 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

Testing an Advocacy Program to Improve Service Access Among Latino Families of Autistic Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial / Meghan M. BURKE in Autism Research, 18-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1714-1724 Titre : Testing an Advocacy Program to Improve Service Access Among Latino Families of Autistic Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meghan M. BURKE, Auteur ; Saury RAMOS-TORRES, Auteur ; Gabriela Herrera ESPINOSA, Auteur ; Ana Lucia HINCAPIE, Auteur ; Janeth ALEMAN-TOVAR, Auteur ; Rocio PEREZ, Auteur ; Consuelo PUENTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1714-1724 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : advocacy  autism  Latino  services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Families of transition-aged youth with autism often struggle to access services. Due to systemic barriers, Latino, Spanish-speaking families of autistic youth especially struggle to access services. One way to improve service access is through parent advocacy abilities (i.e., knowledge of adult services, advocacy abilities and comfort, empowerment). To improve parent advocacy abilities and, ultimately, service access, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the feasibility and efficacy of an advocacy program: ASISTIR (Apoyando a nueStros hIjo/as con autiSmo obTener servIcios de tRansición; Supporting our Children with Autism to Obtain Transition Services). Of the 30 participants who were retained for analyses, intervention (vs. waitlist-control) group participants demonstrated significant increases in knowledge about adult services, advocacy activities, advocacy skills and comfort, and empowerment. Further, intervention (vs. waitlist-control) group participants demonstrated significantly greater service access. Implications for research and practice are discussed. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT06207149 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Testing an Advocacy Program to Improve Service Access Among Latino Families of Autistic Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meghan M. BURKE, Auteur ; Saury RAMOS-TORRES, Auteur ; Gabriela Herrera ESPINOSA, Auteur ; Ana Lucia HINCAPIE, Auteur ; Janeth ALEMAN-TOVAR, Auteur ; Rocio PEREZ, Auteur ; Consuelo PUENTE, Auteur . - p.1714-1724. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-8 (August 2025) . - p.1714-1724 Mots-clés : advocacy  autism  Latino  services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Families of transition-aged youth with autism often struggle to access services. Due to systemic barriers, Latino, Spanish-speaking families of autistic youth especially struggle to access services. One way to improve service access is through parent advocacy abilities (i.e., knowledge of adult services, advocacy abilities and comfort, empowerment). To improve parent advocacy abilities and, ultimately, service access, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the feasibility and efficacy of an advocacy program: ASISTIR (Apoyando a nueStros hIjo/as con autiSmo obTener servIcios de tRansición; Supporting our Children with Autism to Obtain Transition Services). Of the 30 participants who were retained for analyses, intervention (vs. waitlist-control) group participants demonstrated significant increases in knowledge about adult services, advocacy activities, advocacy skills and comfort, and empowerment. Further, intervention (vs. waitlist-control) group participants demonstrated significantly greater service access. Implications for research and practice are discussed. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT06207149 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566