Dépouillements

The introduction of Registered Reports in the Autism journal: The what, why and how / Catherine MANNING in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2949-2952 Titre : The introduction of Registered Reports in the Autism journal: The what, why and how Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine MANNING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2949-2952 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] The introduction of Registered Reports in the Autism journal: The what, why and how [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine MANNING, Auteur . - p.2949-2952. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2949-2952 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241285676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Research methods at the intersection of gender diversity and autism: A scoping review / Elise NG-CORDELL ; Alana J. MCVEY ; Connor M. KERNS in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2953-2969 Titre : Research methods at the intersection of gender diversity and autism: A scoping review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elise NG-CORDELL, Auteur ; Alana J. MCVEY, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2953-2969 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum conditions  autism spectrum disorders  gender diversity  gender dysphoria  methodological quality assessment  research methods  scoping review  trans  transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research has increasingly focused on the intersection between gender diversity and autism. Understanding the foci, methods, and rigor of recent studies could help guide and maximize impact in this accelerating research area. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature on this topic published between 2018 and 2023. The search generated 1432 records after deduplication. Included studies (N = 84) were of English language, featured original qualitative or quantitative findings, and examined a psychosocial connection between autism and gender spectra variables. Autism prevalence among gender-diverse people was the most-studied sub-topic. Methodological rigor was acceptable overall; however, we identified recurrent threats to generalizability and validity, including inconsistent conceptualization of constructs (e.g. gender dysphoria), weak participant sampling and characterization, and reliance on unvalidated measures. Addressing these limitations and meaningfully engaging with community shareholders will be critical to enhancing the replicability and clinical impact of future research. Lay Abstract Research has increasingly focused on the intersection between gender diversity and autism. To better understand this literature, this scoping review systematically searched five databases for peer-reviewed literature on gender diversity and autism published between 2018 and 2023. Included studies (N = 84) were of English language, featured original qualitative or quantitative findings, and examined a psychosocial connection between autism and gender spectra variables. Most studies focused on measuring prevalence of autism among gender-diverse individuals. While the overall study rigor was acceptable, weaknesses in measurement, sample selection, and definition of key terms were noted. Promisingly, studies in this area appear to be shifting away from a pathologizing lens and towards research methods that engage in meaningful collaboration with the autistic, gender-diverse community to investigate how to best enhance the quality of life and wellbeing of this population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241245595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Research methods at the intersection of gender diversity and autism: A scoping review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elise NG-CORDELL, Auteur ; Alana J. MCVEY, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur . - p.2953-2969. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2953-2969 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum conditions  autism spectrum disorders  gender diversity  gender dysphoria  methodological quality assessment  research methods  scoping review  trans  transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research has increasingly focused on the intersection between gender diversity and autism. Understanding the foci, methods, and rigor of recent studies could help guide and maximize impact in this accelerating research area. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature on this topic published between 2018 and 2023. The search generated 1432 records after deduplication. Included studies (N = 84) were of English language, featured original qualitative or quantitative findings, and examined a psychosocial connection between autism and gender spectra variables. Autism prevalence among gender-diverse people was the most-studied sub-topic. Methodological rigor was acceptable overall; however, we identified recurrent threats to generalizability and validity, including inconsistent conceptualization of constructs (e.g. gender dysphoria), weak participant sampling and characterization, and reliance on unvalidated measures. Addressing these limitations and meaningfully engaging with community shareholders will be critical to enhancing the replicability and clinical impact of future research. Lay Abstract Research has increasingly focused on the intersection between gender diversity and autism. To better understand this literature, this scoping review systematically searched five databases for peer-reviewed literature on gender diversity and autism published between 2018 and 2023. Included studies (N = 84) were of English language, featured original qualitative or quantitative findings, and examined a psychosocial connection between autism and gender spectra variables. Most studies focused on measuring prevalence of autism among gender-diverse individuals. While the overall study rigor was acceptable, weaknesses in measurement, sample selection, and definition of key terms were noted. Promisingly, studies in this area appear to be shifting away from a pathologizing lens and towards research methods that engage in meaningful collaboration with the autistic, gender-diverse community to investigate how to best enhance the quality of life and wellbeing of this population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241245595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Psychological behavioral therapies to improve autistic children?s behaviors during dental visits: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Fok Elise HOI WAN ; Chan Yuen TUNG MEGAN ; Leung Chung MING ; Colman Patrick MCGRATH ; Yiu Cynthia KAR YUNG in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2970-2985 Titre : Psychological behavioral therapies to improve autistic children?s behaviors during dental visits: A systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fok Elise HOI WAN, Auteur ; Chan Yuen TUNG MEGAN, Auteur ; Leung Chung MING, Auteur ; Colman Patrick MCGRATH, Auteur ; Yiu Cynthia KAR YUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2970-2985 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  children  dental exam  dental visits  psychological theories of autism  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological behavioral therapies to improve behaviors of autistic children during dental visits. Screening, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and evaluation of certainty of evidence were performed by two independent reviewers. Eighteen studies were ultimately included. On average 56% (95% confidence interval, 33.95-78.29) and 64% (95% confidence interval 47.24-81.80) of autistic children can cooperate with dental examination with an oral mirror in the first and second visits, respectively. Visual pedagogy did not improve the proportion of autistic children who can accept dental examinations. Inconsistent results were also identified for Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped CHildren, Picture Exchange Communication System, Applied Behavior Analysis, video modeling, distractions, and other conventional behavioral management techniques. Many studies were of small sample size, lacked a control group, did not account for autism spectrum disorder severity, comorbidities, previous dental experience or other confounders, and had a high risk of bias. The evidence supporting the use of psychoeducation techniques to improve the dental experience of autistic children is limited and of very low certainty. Further research with larger scale studies and appropriate control groups is needed to enhance the certainty of evidence in this field. Lay abstract This research review looked at how well different psychological behavioral therapies help improve the behavior of autistic children during dental visits. The researchers studied 18 different studies and found that, on average, about 56% of autistic children were able to cooperate with a dental exam using an oral mirror during their first visit. The number increased to about 64% during their second visit. However, using visual pedagogies or teaching aids did not seem to make a big difference in how many children could accept the dental exams. The results for other psychological behavioral techniques were also inconsistent, including Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped CHildren, Picture Exchange Communication System, Applied Behavior Analysis, video modeling, and distractions. Many of the studies were small and did not include a comparison group. They also did not consider factors like how severe the autism was, other conditions the children had, or their previous dental experiences. Because of these limitations, the evidence supporting the use of psychological behavioral techniques to improve dental visits for autistic children is limited and uncertain. More research with larger studies and proper control groups is needed to better understand this topic. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255302 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Psychological behavioral therapies to improve autistic children?s behaviors during dental visits: A systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fok Elise HOI WAN, Auteur ; Chan Yuen TUNG MEGAN, Auteur ; Leung Chung MING, Auteur ; Colman Patrick MCGRATH, Auteur ; Yiu Cynthia KAR YUNG, Auteur . - p.2970-2985. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2970-2985 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  children  dental exam  dental visits  psychological theories of autism  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological behavioral therapies to improve behaviors of autistic children during dental visits. Screening, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and evaluation of certainty of evidence were performed by two independent reviewers. Eighteen studies were ultimately included. On average 56% (95% confidence interval, 33.95-78.29) and 64% (95% confidence interval 47.24-81.80) of autistic children can cooperate with dental examination with an oral mirror in the first and second visits, respectively. Visual pedagogy did not improve the proportion of autistic children who can accept dental examinations. Inconsistent results were also identified for Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped CHildren, Picture Exchange Communication System, Applied Behavior Analysis, video modeling, distractions, and other conventional behavioral management techniques. Many studies were of small sample size, lacked a control group, did not account for autism spectrum disorder severity, comorbidities, previous dental experience or other confounders, and had a high risk of bias. The evidence supporting the use of psychoeducation techniques to improve the dental experience of autistic children is limited and of very low certainty. Further research with larger scale studies and appropriate control groups is needed to enhance the certainty of evidence in this field. Lay abstract This research review looked at how well different psychological behavioral therapies help improve the behavior of autistic children during dental visits. The researchers studied 18 different studies and found that, on average, about 56% of autistic children were able to cooperate with a dental exam using an oral mirror during their first visit. The number increased to about 64% during their second visit. However, using visual pedagogies or teaching aids did not seem to make a big difference in how many children could accept the dental exams. The results for other psychological behavioral techniques were also inconsistent, including Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped CHildren, Picture Exchange Communication System, Applied Behavior Analysis, video modeling, and distractions. Many of the studies were small and did not include a comparison group. They also did not consider factors like how severe the autism was, other conditions the children had, or their previous dental experiences. Because of these limitations, the evidence supporting the use of psychological behavioral techniques to improve dental visits for autistic children is limited and uncertain. More research with larger studies and proper control groups is needed to better understand this topic. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255302 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Emotion dysregulation in autism: A meta-analysis / Mary Isaac CARGILL ; Sadaf KHAWAR ; Erin KANG in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2986-3001 Titre : Emotion dysregulation in autism: A meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mary Isaac CARGILL, Auteur ; Sadaf KHAWAR, Auteur ; Erin KANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2986-3001 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  autism spectrum disorders  psychiatric comorbidity  psychological theories of autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is associated with significantly higher rates of internalizing and externalizing disorders compared to neurotypical (NT) individuals. Emotion dysregulation (ED) is prevalent in autistic individuals and has been proposed to underlie both internalizing disorders and behavioral challenges in autism. This study sought to use a meta-analytic approach to examine the magnitude of ED severity in autistic samples compared to NT and other clinical (OC) samples. Following a review of the literature, a total of 35 studies were included in the analyses. In general, when comparing autistic to non-autistic individuals, findings suggest a medium magnitude of difference in ED severity between autistic and comparison groups overall. Subgroup analyses indicate that autistic individuals experience significantly higher ED severity when compared to NT peers. However, when compared to OC peers, the effect is small, suggesting the severity of ED may be more similar between OC and autistic groups. Moderators were also explored, including autistic traits, age, and sex composition. These findings provide integral information about the severity of ED in autistic populations compared to other non-autistic populations, assisting in further clarifying the presence of mental health challenges in autistic youth. Lay Abstract Autistic people often experience other mental health challenges, which makes it particularly important to understand factors that may contribute to the development of these conditions. Emotion dysregulation, or difficulties in effectively regulating one?s own emotions in response to a changing environment, is one factor that is experienced frequently by autistic and non-autistic people and is commonly related to a wide range of mental health conditions. This article represents a quantitative synthesis of the current state of the literature on emotion dysregulation, with a specific focus on how the severity of emotion dysregulation differs across autistic and non-autistic people across the lifespan. The findings suggest elevated emotion dysregulation in autistic individuals compared to both neurotypical and other clinical populations and provide insights into the experiences of emotion dysregulation in autistic people. Overall, this article underscores the importance of more research into emotion dysregulation in autistic people to inform areas of challenges related to emotion dysregulation that can be used to better inform treatment targets. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241257605 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Emotion dysregulation in autism: A meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mary Isaac CARGILL, Auteur ; Sadaf KHAWAR, Auteur ; Erin KANG, Auteur . - p.2986-3001. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.2986-3001 Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  autism spectrum disorders  psychiatric comorbidity  psychological theories of autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is associated with significantly higher rates of internalizing and externalizing disorders compared to neurotypical (NT) individuals. Emotion dysregulation (ED) is prevalent in autistic individuals and has been proposed to underlie both internalizing disorders and behavioral challenges in autism. This study sought to use a meta-analytic approach to examine the magnitude of ED severity in autistic samples compared to NT and other clinical (OC) samples. Following a review of the literature, a total of 35 studies were included in the analyses. In general, when comparing autistic to non-autistic individuals, findings suggest a medium magnitude of difference in ED severity between autistic and comparison groups overall. Subgroup analyses indicate that autistic individuals experience significantly higher ED severity when compared to NT peers. However, when compared to OC peers, the effect is small, suggesting the severity of ED may be more similar between OC and autistic groups. Moderators were also explored, including autistic traits, age, and sex composition. These findings provide integral information about the severity of ED in autistic populations compared to other non-autistic populations, assisting in further clarifying the presence of mental health challenges in autistic youth. Lay Abstract Autistic people often experience other mental health challenges, which makes it particularly important to understand factors that may contribute to the development of these conditions. Emotion dysregulation, or difficulties in effectively regulating one?s own emotions in response to a changing environment, is one factor that is experienced frequently by autistic and non-autistic people and is commonly related to a wide range of mental health conditions. This article represents a quantitative synthesis of the current state of the literature on emotion dysregulation, with a specific focus on how the severity of emotion dysregulation differs across autistic and non-autistic people across the lifespan. The findings suggest elevated emotion dysregulation in autistic individuals compared to both neurotypical and other clinical populations and provide insights into the experiences of emotion dysregulation in autistic people. Overall, this article underscores the importance of more research into emotion dysregulation in autistic people to inform areas of challenges related to emotion dysregulation that can be used to better inform treatment targets. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241257605 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Equine-assisted services for motor outcomes of autistic children: A systematic review / Beth FIELDS ; Sean HEALY ; Luis COLUMNA in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3002-3014 Titre : Equine-assisted services for motor outcomes of autistic children: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Beth FIELDS, Auteur ; Sean HEALY, Auteur ; Luis COLUMNA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3002-3014 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  children  equine-assisted services  motor outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the research literature on equine-assisted services for motor outcomes of autistic children. Eligible articles published between June 2012 and June 2023 were identified through electronic database searches, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were adopted. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria, and the extracted data included study characteristics, equine-assisted service features, and major motor outcome findings. Significant improvements were identified in coordination, strength, balance, posture, and overall motor skills, affirming the efficacy of equine-assisted services in enhancing motor outcomes of autistic children. To advance future equine-assisted service studies, prioritization of motor outcomes as primary variables is recommended. This emphasis should be evident in research aims, standardized measures, and terminology used to describe equine-assisted services. Lay abstract Equine-assisted services use various aspects of horses, like their movement, warmth, and size, to enhance individuals' overall well-being. Many studies have underscored the positive impact of equine-assisted services on autistic children, affecting areas such as social interaction, communication, engagement, stereotypical behaviors, and motor functions. Given the growing recognition of motor functions as clinical specifiers in autism, it is imperative to specifically investigate how equine-assisted services influence these outcomes. To address this, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize existing literature on the effects of equine-assisted services on motor outcomes of autistic children. Our review encompassed study characteristics, features of equine-assisted service interventions, and major motor outcomes. We also evaluated the methodological quality of the equine-assisted service studies to offer insights for future research directions. Through thorough database searches and the use of the standardized procedure of conducting a systematic review (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses), 12 research studies were identified and included. These studies reported the effects of various equine-assisted service types (such as therapy, horsemanship, or learning) on motor outcomes of autistic children. Significant enhancements in coordination, strength, balance, posture, and overall motor skills indicate the effectiveness of equine-assisted services in improving motor outcomes of autistic children. Building on these findings, we provide recommendations for future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the reliability and validity of using equine-assisted services to improve motor outcomes of autistic children. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of how equine-assisted services can benefit this population and guides the development of more effective equine-assisted service interventions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Equine-assisted services for motor outcomes of autistic children: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Beth FIELDS, Auteur ; Sean HEALY, Auteur ; Luis COLUMNA, Auteur . - p.3002-3014. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3002-3014 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  children  equine-assisted services  motor outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the research literature on equine-assisted services for motor outcomes of autistic children. Eligible articles published between June 2012 and June 2023 were identified through electronic database searches, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were adopted. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria, and the extracted data included study characteristics, equine-assisted service features, and major motor outcome findings. Significant improvements were identified in coordination, strength, balance, posture, and overall motor skills, affirming the efficacy of equine-assisted services in enhancing motor outcomes of autistic children. To advance future equine-assisted service studies, prioritization of motor outcomes as primary variables is recommended. This emphasis should be evident in research aims, standardized measures, and terminology used to describe equine-assisted services. Lay abstract Equine-assisted services use various aspects of horses, like their movement, warmth, and size, to enhance individuals' overall well-being. Many studies have underscored the positive impact of equine-assisted services on autistic children, affecting areas such as social interaction, communication, engagement, stereotypical behaviors, and motor functions. Given the growing recognition of motor functions as clinical specifiers in autism, it is imperative to specifically investigate how equine-assisted services influence these outcomes. To address this, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize existing literature on the effects of equine-assisted services on motor outcomes of autistic children. Our review encompassed study characteristics, features of equine-assisted service interventions, and major motor outcomes. We also evaluated the methodological quality of the equine-assisted service studies to offer insights for future research directions. Through thorough database searches and the use of the standardized procedure of conducting a systematic review (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses), 12 research studies were identified and included. These studies reported the effects of various equine-assisted service types (such as therapy, horsemanship, or learning) on motor outcomes of autistic children. Significant enhancements in coordination, strength, balance, posture, and overall motor skills indicate the effectiveness of equine-assisted services in improving motor outcomes of autistic children. Building on these findings, we provide recommendations for future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the reliability and validity of using equine-assisted services to improve motor outcomes of autistic children. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of how equine-assisted services can benefit this population and guides the development of more effective equine-assisted service interventions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255294 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

The meaning of autistic movements / Amy ELLIS in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3015-3020 Titre : The meaning of autistic movements Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amy ELLIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3015-3020 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  exercise  identity  movement  sensory  stimming  well-being Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Movement of the body is an essential way to characterise autism, according to diagnostic criteria. However, qualifying descriptions of what autistic movements are, their functions and personal value, are missing from academic literature and clinical guidance. We systematically searched for autistic adults' descriptions of their body and its movement within autobiographical narratives in blog data. Descriptions from 23 autistic authors formed a qualitative data set. The search strategy identified descriptions of movements and meanings without a priori definitions, such as being stereotyped or ritualistic, which were submitted to a thematic analysis. Authors described stigmatisation of some of their movements, causing censorship. However, movement provided personal benefits, including enhanced thinking and focus, routine, sensory regulation, release of energy, increased body connection and awareness, regulated emotion, and time without self-restraint. Examples included stimming or self-stimulating behaviour, dancing, and physical exercise. Movement was accompanied by qualifying descriptions of being natural and harmless. Moving freely, expressively, and sometimes repetitively, strengthened self-identity. In conclusion, body movements have both stigmatised and non-stigmatised appearances for autistic adults, but these cannot be distinguished by the function of the movement. Expressive, regulating and repetitive movements can be a well-being resource for autistic people. Implications for practice are discussed. Lay abstract What is already known? Moving the body in 'stereotyped', 'repetitive', 'ritualised' or 'unusual' ways is part of the criteria for receiving a diagnosis of autism. However, the reasons for these movements and their personal value are not well understood. Certain ways of moving have become part of a disorder, and have received negative judgements, whereas other movements have not. What this paper adds? We searched online blogs for descriptions of movement written by autistic adults, using their preferred language and definitions. The blog authors said that many types of movement attracted negative judgement, including mis-coordination shown during sports, dancing in unusual places or moving repetitively, such as when stimming. However, movement provided personal benefits, and could enhance thinking and focus, provide meaningful routine, contribute to sensory regulation, release energy, increase body awareness, emotion regulation and strengthen self-identity. Implications for practice and policy Movement could be a well-being resource, used to reduce distraction, overwhelm, confusion and distress for autistic people. This should be considered within personal coping strategies and psychological therapies. The examples provided in this study could inform autism assessments, to ensure that the meanings of movements are considered alongside the appearances of movement. Some movements such as stimming have the same functions as many other ways of moving, including dancing and exercising, which could help to reduce stigma around being autistic if reflected in policy and practice. Improving understanding is important for informing how autism is assessed, and how personal experiences of being autistic are heard. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241262151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] The meaning of autistic movements [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amy ELLIS, Auteur . - p.3015-3020. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3015-3020 Mots-clés : autism  exercise  identity  movement  sensory  stimming  well-being Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Movement of the body is an essential way to characterise autism, according to diagnostic criteria. However, qualifying descriptions of what autistic movements are, their functions and personal value, are missing from academic literature and clinical guidance. We systematically searched for autistic adults' descriptions of their body and its movement within autobiographical narratives in blog data. Descriptions from 23 autistic authors formed a qualitative data set. The search strategy identified descriptions of movements and meanings without a priori definitions, such as being stereotyped or ritualistic, which were submitted to a thematic analysis. Authors described stigmatisation of some of their movements, causing censorship. However, movement provided personal benefits, including enhanced thinking and focus, routine, sensory regulation, release of energy, increased body connection and awareness, regulated emotion, and time without self-restraint. Examples included stimming or self-stimulating behaviour, dancing, and physical exercise. Movement was accompanied by qualifying descriptions of being natural and harmless. Moving freely, expressively, and sometimes repetitively, strengthened self-identity. In conclusion, body movements have both stigmatised and non-stigmatised appearances for autistic adults, but these cannot be distinguished by the function of the movement. Expressive, regulating and repetitive movements can be a well-being resource for autistic people. Implications for practice are discussed. Lay abstract What is already known? Moving the body in 'stereotyped', 'repetitive', 'ritualised' or 'unusual' ways is part of the criteria for receiving a diagnosis of autism. However, the reasons for these movements and their personal value are not well understood. Certain ways of moving have become part of a disorder, and have received negative judgements, whereas other movements have not. What this paper adds? We searched online blogs for descriptions of movement written by autistic adults, using their preferred language and definitions. The blog authors said that many types of movement attracted negative judgement, including mis-coordination shown during sports, dancing in unusual places or moving repetitively, such as when stimming. However, movement provided personal benefits, and could enhance thinking and focus, provide meaningful routine, contribute to sensory regulation, release energy, increase body awareness, emotion regulation and strengthen self-identity. Implications for practice and policy Movement could be a well-being resource, used to reduce distraction, overwhelm, confusion and distress for autistic people. This should be considered within personal coping strategies and psychological therapies. The examples provided in this study could inform autism assessments, to ensure that the meanings of movements are considered alongside the appearances of movement. Some movements such as stimming have the same functions as many other ways of moving, including dancing and exercising, which could help to reduce stigma around being autistic if reflected in policy and practice. Improving understanding is important for informing how autism is assessed, and how personal experiences of being autistic are heard. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241262151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral activation for treatment of depression in autistic adolescents / Christina BURROUGHS ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS ; Eleonora SADIKOVA ; Emily FUHRMANN ; Genevieve BOHAC ; Robert CROSS ; Lauren WITTE ; Gabrielle BRINKMANN ; Rachel LEMLEY ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY ; Micah O. MAZUREK in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3021-3032 Titre : Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral activation for treatment of depression in autistic adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina BURROUGHS, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Emily FUHRMANN, Auteur ; Genevieve BOHAC, Auteur ; Robert CROSS, Auteur ; Lauren WITTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle BRINKMANN, Auteur ; Rachel LEMLEY, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3021-3032 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  depression  interventions-psychosocial/behavioral  psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Depression is common among autistic youth and is associated with worse quality of life in this group. Despite significant need for high-quality efficacious treatments, there has been very limited research on interventions for depression in autistic youth. This single-arm pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel, behavior-based approach for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A). BA-A is an individually delivered manualized 12-session treatment that utilizes established BA strategies and incorporates common mental health treatment adaptations for autistic young people. Of the 18 youth (11-16 years old) who enrolled, 15 completed all 12 treatment sessions, as well as pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up assessment visits. Clinician treatment fidelity was quite high. Paired sample t-tests found that depression symptoms decreased pre- to post-BA-A according to multiple informants (i.e. self, caregiver, and independent evaluator), and treatment gains were maintained at 1-month follow-up. Paired sample t-tests also found that caregiver-reported anxiety symptoms and social skills improved pre-treatment to post-treatment. The results, although preliminary, indicate that BA-A may improve depression symptoms in autistic youth without intellectual disability. Furthermore, these promising findings suggest that a randomized controlled trial of BA-A is warranted. This trial was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05018169). Lay Abstract Depression is common among autistic youth and has a significant negative impact on quality of life and day-to-day functioning. Despite great need for efficacious treatments, there are currently limited research-supported interventions for depression symptoms in autistic young people. This study tested a novel, behavior-based approach or psychotherapy for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A) with 15 youth (11-16 years old). BA-A is an individually delivered 12-session therapy that was developed for and to meet the needs of autistic youth with depression. Results found that autistic youth and their caregivers were able to participate in BA-A therapy sessions, and clinicians were able to deliver BA-A in accordance with the treatment manual. Notably, results demonstrated that autistic youth depression symptoms significantly improved after participating in BA-A. Furthermore, anxiety symptoms and social skills significantly improved following BA-A. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241252470 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral activation for treatment of depression in autistic adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina BURROUGHS, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Emily FUHRMANN, Auteur ; Genevieve BOHAC, Auteur ; Robert CROSS, Auteur ; Lauren WITTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle BRINKMANN, Auteur ; Rachel LEMLEY, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.3021-3032. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3021-3032 Mots-clés : anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  depression  interventions-psychosocial/behavioral  psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Depression is common among autistic youth and is associated with worse quality of life in this group. Despite significant need for high-quality efficacious treatments, there has been very limited research on interventions for depression in autistic youth. This single-arm pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel, behavior-based approach for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A). BA-A is an individually delivered manualized 12-session treatment that utilizes established BA strategies and incorporates common mental health treatment adaptations for autistic young people. Of the 18 youth (11-16 years old) who enrolled, 15 completed all 12 treatment sessions, as well as pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up assessment visits. Clinician treatment fidelity was quite high. Paired sample t-tests found that depression symptoms decreased pre- to post-BA-A according to multiple informants (i.e. self, caregiver, and independent evaluator), and treatment gains were maintained at 1-month follow-up. Paired sample t-tests also found that caregiver-reported anxiety symptoms and social skills improved pre-treatment to post-treatment. The results, although preliminary, indicate that BA-A may improve depression symptoms in autistic youth without intellectual disability. Furthermore, these promising findings suggest that a randomized controlled trial of BA-A is warranted. This trial was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05018169). Lay Abstract Depression is common among autistic youth and has a significant negative impact on quality of life and day-to-day functioning. Despite great need for efficacious treatments, there are currently limited research-supported interventions for depression symptoms in autistic young people. This study tested a novel, behavior-based approach or psychotherapy for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A) with 15 youth (11-16 years old). BA-A is an individually delivered 12-session therapy that was developed for and to meet the needs of autistic youth with depression. Results found that autistic youth and their caregivers were able to participate in BA-A therapy sessions, and clinicians were able to deliver BA-A in accordance with the treatment manual. Notably, results demonstrated that autistic youth depression symptoms significantly improved after participating in BA-A. Furthermore, anxiety symptoms and social skills significantly improved following BA-A. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241252470 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Development of a school-age extension of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers through expert consensus and stakeholder input / Georgina PEREZ LIZ ; Ashley DE MARCHENA ; Deborah A. FEIN ; Marianne L. BARTON ; Giacomo VIVANTI ; Diana L. ROBINS in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3033-3042 Titre : Development of a school-age extension of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers through expert consensus and stakeholder input Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Georgina PEREZ LIZ, Auteur ; Ashley DE MARCHENA, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3033-3042 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism screening  Delphi poll  measure development  school-age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Universal autism screening is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics at 18 and 24?months. However, many children are not identified until after the age of 4?years, and some not until adulthood, either due to mild or no indication of symptoms early in development, or to co-occurring conditions which may overshadow autism symptoms. This indicates a need for universal autism screening measures for school-age children. This project adapts the widely used toddler autism screening tool, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), for use in school-age children, called M-CHAT-School (M-CHAT-S). The study follows the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System guidelines for measure development to create parent- and teacher-report versions of the M-CHAT-S for 4- to 8-year-old children. Through expert consensus feedback via a Delphi pool and cognitive interviewing with stakeholders (i.e. parents and teachers), we developed two versions of the M-CHAT-S to be used for verbal and minimally verbal children. The M-CHAT-S poses several advantages to existing measures, including brevity, items updated based on current knowledge and conventions, and narrow age range to assure items are developmentally appropriate. Future steps include validation of the M-CHAT-S to determine its utility as an autism screener for young school-age children. Lay abstract The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends universal screening to identify children at higher likelihood for autism at 18- and 24-month well-child visits. There are many children, however, that are missed during this toddler age who do not get diagnosed until much later in development, delaying access to autism-specific interventions. Currently, brief measures for universal autism screening for school-age children, however, are lacking. In this project, we adapted a commonly used autism screener for toddlers, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), to be used for school-age children. This measure, called the M-CHAT-School (M-CHAT-S), is a parent- and teacher-report questionnaire to be used to screen for autism in school-age children aged 4 to 8?years of age. M-CHAT-S was developed through feedback from autism experts, as well as interviews with parents and teachers to provide input on the items. Two versions of M-CHAT-S were developed, one for verbally fluent and one for minimally verbal school-age children. M-CHAT-S is a brief measure, with updated items to reflect changes in the way experts think and talk about autism, making it a useful measure to use for autism screening in elementary aged children. The next steps include further testing to ensure that M-CHAT-S performs well in identifying children with increased likelihood of autism, after which it will be made available to parents, educators, and other professionals. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241252312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Development of a school-age extension of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers through expert consensus and stakeholder input [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Georgina PEREZ LIZ, Auteur ; Ashley DE MARCHENA, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur ; Marianne L. BARTON, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur . - p.3033-3042. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3033-3042 Mots-clés : autism screening  Delphi poll  measure development  school-age Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Universal autism screening is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics at 18 and 24?months. However, many children are not identified until after the age of 4?years, and some not until adulthood, either due to mild or no indication of symptoms early in development, or to co-occurring conditions which may overshadow autism symptoms. This indicates a need for universal autism screening measures for school-age children. This project adapts the widely used toddler autism screening tool, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), for use in school-age children, called M-CHAT-School (M-CHAT-S). The study follows the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System guidelines for measure development to create parent- and teacher-report versions of the M-CHAT-S for 4- to 8-year-old children. Through expert consensus feedback via a Delphi pool and cognitive interviewing with stakeholders (i.e. parents and teachers), we developed two versions of the M-CHAT-S to be used for verbal and minimally verbal children. The M-CHAT-S poses several advantages to existing measures, including brevity, items updated based on current knowledge and conventions, and narrow age range to assure items are developmentally appropriate. Future steps include validation of the M-CHAT-S to determine its utility as an autism screener for young school-age children. Lay abstract The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends universal screening to identify children at higher likelihood for autism at 18- and 24-month well-child visits. There are many children, however, that are missed during this toddler age who do not get diagnosed until much later in development, delaying access to autism-specific interventions. Currently, brief measures for universal autism screening for school-age children, however, are lacking. In this project, we adapted a commonly used autism screener for toddlers, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), to be used for school-age children. This measure, called the M-CHAT-School (M-CHAT-S), is a parent- and teacher-report questionnaire to be used to screen for autism in school-age children aged 4 to 8?years of age. M-CHAT-S was developed through feedback from autism experts, as well as interviews with parents and teachers to provide input on the items. Two versions of M-CHAT-S were developed, one for verbally fluent and one for minimally verbal school-age children. M-CHAT-S is a brief measure, with updated items to reflect changes in the way experts think and talk about autism, making it a useful measure to use for autism screening in elementary aged children. The next steps include further testing to ensure that M-CHAT-S performs well in identifying children with increased likelihood of autism, after which it will be made available to parents, educators, and other professionals. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241252312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Early trajectories and moderators of autistic language profiles: A longitudinal study in preschoolers / Michel GODEL ; Martina FRANCHINI ; Fiona JOURNAL ; Nada KOJOVIC ; Marie SCHAER in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3043-3062 Titre : Early trajectories and moderators of autistic language profiles: A longitudinal study in preschoolers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michel GODEL, Auteur ; Martina FRANCHINI, Auteur ; Fiona JOURNAL, Auteur ; Nada KOJOVIC, Auteur ; Marie SCHAER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3043-3062 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cluster analysis  early intervention  Early Start Denver Model  moderators  precision medicine  prognosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Both expressive and receptive language difficulties in autism emerge early and significantly have an impact on social functioning and quality of life. Despite their wide heterogeneity, autistic language abilities can be stratified into three distinct profiles. Language unimpaired exhibit near-typical verbal performance, language impaired show significant alterations in language structure, and minimally verbal display limited verbal abilities. However, little is known about the early trajectories and moderators specific to each profile. Here, we used a longitudinal sample of 286 preschoolers with autism and 85 typically developing (aged 1.5-5.7 years old), yielding 1164 visits. Our cluster analysis replicated the three well-established autistic language profiles (language unimpaired, n = 86; language impaired, n = 85; minimally verbal, n = 44) and revealed their specific early trajectories in expressive vocabulary, syntax, and pragmatics. At age 2.4, non-verbal cognition moderated the participants' attribution to each language profile. Moreover, early stereotyped language specifically moderated the later verbal performance of language unimpaired participants, while the language outcome of language impaired participants was moderated by early intensive behavioral intervention. In conclusion, we provided a fine-grained description of language acquisition trajectories and moderators of autistic language profiles in a longitudinal sample exposed to French language, paving the way toward personalized medicine to autistic language difficulties. Lay Abstract Language development can greatly vary among autistic children. Children who struggle with language acquisition often face many challenges and experience lower quality of life. However, little is known about the early language trajectories of autistic preschoolers and their moderators. Autistic language can be stratified into three profiles. Language unimpaired experience little to no language difficulties; language impaired show significant difficulties in language; minimally verbal never develop functional language. In this study, we used a longitudinal sample of preschoolers with autism and with typical development (aged 1.5-5.7?years). We replicated the three language profiles through a data-driven approach. We also found that different factors modulated the language outcome within each group. For instance, non-verbal cognition at age 2.4 moderated the participants' attribution to each language profile. Moreover, early intervention moderated verbal outcome in the language impaired profile. In conclusion, we provided a detailed description of how autistic preschoolers acquire language, and what factors might influence their trajectories. Our findings could inspire more personalized intervention for early autistic language difficulties. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253015 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Early trajectories and moderators of autistic language profiles: A longitudinal study in preschoolers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michel GODEL, Auteur ; Martina FRANCHINI, Auteur ; Fiona JOURNAL, Auteur ; Nada KOJOVIC, Auteur ; Marie SCHAER, Auteur . - p.3043-3062. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3043-3062 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cluster analysis  early intervention  Early Start Denver Model  moderators  precision medicine  prognosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Both expressive and receptive language difficulties in autism emerge early and significantly have an impact on social functioning and quality of life. Despite their wide heterogeneity, autistic language abilities can be stratified into three distinct profiles. Language unimpaired exhibit near-typical verbal performance, language impaired show significant alterations in language structure, and minimally verbal display limited verbal abilities. However, little is known about the early trajectories and moderators specific to each profile. Here, we used a longitudinal sample of 286 preschoolers with autism and 85 typically developing (aged 1.5-5.7 years old), yielding 1164 visits. Our cluster analysis replicated the three well-established autistic language profiles (language unimpaired, n = 86; language impaired, n = 85; minimally verbal, n = 44) and revealed their specific early trajectories in expressive vocabulary, syntax, and pragmatics. At age 2.4, non-verbal cognition moderated the participants' attribution to each language profile. Moreover, early stereotyped language specifically moderated the later verbal performance of language unimpaired participants, while the language outcome of language impaired participants was moderated by early intensive behavioral intervention. In conclusion, we provided a fine-grained description of language acquisition trajectories and moderators of autistic language profiles in a longitudinal sample exposed to French language, paving the way toward personalized medicine to autistic language difficulties. Lay Abstract Language development can greatly vary among autistic children. Children who struggle with language acquisition often face many challenges and experience lower quality of life. However, little is known about the early language trajectories of autistic preschoolers and their moderators. Autistic language can be stratified into three profiles. Language unimpaired experience little to no language difficulties; language impaired show significant difficulties in language; minimally verbal never develop functional language. In this study, we used a longitudinal sample of preschoolers with autism and with typical development (aged 1.5-5.7?years). We replicated the three language profiles through a data-driven approach. We also found that different factors modulated the language outcome within each group. For instance, non-verbal cognition at age 2.4 moderated the participants' attribution to each language profile. Moreover, early intervention moderated verbal outcome in the language impaired profile. In conclusion, we provided a detailed description of how autistic preschoolers acquire language, and what factors might influence their trajectories. Our findings could inspire more personalized intervention for early autistic language difficulties. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253015 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Predicting autism traits from baby wellness records: A machine learning approach / Joshua GUEDALIA ; Keren ILAN ; Meirav SHAHAM ; Galit SHEFER ; Roe COHEN ; Yuval TAMIR ; Lidia V. GABIS in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3063-3077 Titre : Predicting autism traits from baby wellness records: A machine learning approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joshua GUEDALIA, Auteur ; Keren ILAN, Auteur ; Meirav SHAHAM, Auteur ; Galit SHEFER, Auteur ; Roe COHEN, Auteur ; Yuval TAMIR, Auteur ; Lidia V. GABIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3063-3077 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum conditions  developmental milestones  electronic health records  machine learning  screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early detection of autism spectrum condition is crucial for children to maximally benefit from early intervention. The study examined a machine learning model predicting the increased likelihood for autism from wellness records from 0 to 24?months. The study included 591,989 non-autistic and 12,846 autistic children. A gradient boosting model with a threefold cross-validation and SHAPley additive explanation tool quantified feature importance. The model had an average area under the curve of 0.81 (SD = 0.004). The high-likelihood group detected by the model had a 0.073 autism spectrum condition incidence rate; 3.42-fold more than in the entire cohort (0.02). Sex-specific models had higher specificity (0.81 boys and 0.79 girls) than sensitivity (0.64 boys and 0.66 girls). The common predictors were more parental concerns, older mothers, never nursing, lower initial and higher last weight percentiles, and several delayed milestones. SHAPley additive explanation tool results show common, important predictors in the full sample and separate boys' and girls' models. These included birth, growth, familial, postnatal parameters and delayed language, fine motor, and social milestones from 12 to 24?months. Machine learning algorithms can help detect increased autism signs by relying on the multidimensional data routinely recorded during the first 2 years. Lay abstract Timely identification of autism spectrum conditions is a necessity to enable children to receive the most benefit from early interventions. Emerging technological advancements provide avenues for detecting subtle, early indicators of autism from routinely collected health information. This study tested a model that provides a likelihood score for autism diagnosis from baby wellness visit records collected during the first 2 years of life. It included records of 591,989 non-autistic children and 12,846 children with autism. The model identified two-thirds of the autism spectrum condition group (boys 63% and girls 66%). Sex-specific models had several predictive features in common. These included language development, fine motor skills, and social milestones from visits at 12-24?months, mother?s age, and lower initial growth but higher last growth measurements. Parental concerns about development or hearing impairment were other predictors. The models differed in other growth measurements and birth parameters. These models can support the detection of early signs of autism in girls and boys by using information routinely recorded during the first 2 years of life. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Predicting autism traits from baby wellness records: A machine learning approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joshua GUEDALIA, Auteur ; Keren ILAN, Auteur ; Meirav SHAHAM, Auteur ; Galit SHEFER, Auteur ; Roe COHEN, Auteur ; Yuval TAMIR, Auteur ; Lidia V. GABIS, Auteur . - p.3063-3077. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3063-3077 Mots-clés : autism spectrum conditions  developmental milestones  electronic health records  machine learning  screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early detection of autism spectrum condition is crucial for children to maximally benefit from early intervention. The study examined a machine learning model predicting the increased likelihood for autism from wellness records from 0 to 24?months. The study included 591,989 non-autistic and 12,846 autistic children. A gradient boosting model with a threefold cross-validation and SHAPley additive explanation tool quantified feature importance. The model had an average area under the curve of 0.81 (SD = 0.004). The high-likelihood group detected by the model had a 0.073 autism spectrum condition incidence rate; 3.42-fold more than in the entire cohort (0.02). Sex-specific models had higher specificity (0.81 boys and 0.79 girls) than sensitivity (0.64 boys and 0.66 girls). The common predictors were more parental concerns, older mothers, never nursing, lower initial and higher last weight percentiles, and several delayed milestones. SHAPley additive explanation tool results show common, important predictors in the full sample and separate boys' and girls' models. These included birth, growth, familial, postnatal parameters and delayed language, fine motor, and social milestones from 12 to 24?months. Machine learning algorithms can help detect increased autism signs by relying on the multidimensional data routinely recorded during the first 2 years. Lay abstract Timely identification of autism spectrum conditions is a necessity to enable children to receive the most benefit from early interventions. Emerging technological advancements provide avenues for detecting subtle, early indicators of autism from routinely collected health information. This study tested a model that provides a likelihood score for autism diagnosis from baby wellness visit records collected during the first 2 years of life. It included records of 591,989 non-autistic children and 12,846 children with autism. The model identified two-thirds of the autism spectrum condition group (boys 63% and girls 66%). Sex-specific models had several predictive features in common. These included language development, fine motor skills, and social milestones from visits at 12-24?months, mother?s age, and lower initial growth but higher last growth measurements. Parental concerns about development or hearing impairment were other predictors. The models differed in other growth measurements and birth parameters. These models can support the detection of early signs of autism in girls and boys by using information routinely recorded during the first 2 years of life. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253311 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Canonical babbling trajectories across the first year of life in autism and typical development / Gordon RAMSAY ; Edina R. BENE ; Pumpki Lei SU ; Hyunjoo YOO ; Cheryl KLAIMAN ; Stormi L. PULVER ; Shana RICHARDSON ; Moira L. PILEGGI ; Natalie BRANE ; D. Kimbrough OLLER in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3078-3091 Titre : Canonical babbling trajectories across the first year of life in autism and typical development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gordon RAMSAY, Auteur ; Edina R. BENE, Auteur ; Pumpki Lei SU, Auteur ; Hyunjoo YOO, Auteur ; Cheryl KLAIMAN, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; Shana RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Moira L. PILEGGI, Auteur ; Natalie BRANE, Auteur ; D. Kimbrough OLLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3078-3091 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  canonical babbling  communication and language  early detection  vocal development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores vocal development as an early marker of autism, focusing on canonical babbling rate and onset, typically established by 7 months. Previous reports suggested delayed or reduced canonical babbling in infants later diagnosed with autism, but the story may be complicated. We present a prospective study on 44 infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder compared with 127 infants later identified as typically developing who were followed longitudinally with day-long recordings from 0 to 13 months. Eight 5-min segments from each of their recordings were coded for canonical and noncanonical syllables. The results confirmed many reports that canonical babbling is a robust feature of human vocal development in the first year of life, with small overall mean differences in canonical babbling rates between the autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups beginning around 9?months, primarily in males. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in vocal communication as part of the early detection and diagnosis of autism when determining the need for communication supports to maximize outcomes. Lay Abstract Our study examined how babies develop their ability to talk to help identify early signs of autism. We looked at babies' production of babbling with mature syllables across the first year of life. Babies usually start producing mature babbling at 7 months of age before they say their first words. Some studies have suggested that babies who are later diagnosed with autism produce this kind of babbling less frequently in their first year of life, but other studies have shown complicated outcomes. In this new study, we followed 44 autistic babies and compared them to 127 typically developing babies. We recorded the babies once every month, all day long, from the time that they were born until they were around 13?months old. Then, we studied their mature babbling from segments of these recordings. We found that the rate at which babies used mature babbling was lower in boys with autism, and higher in girls with autism, compared to babies without autism. This research helps us understand how babies with autism learn to talk. It also raises important questions about differences between boys and girls with autism. Our study can help us improve how scientists and clinicians can identify autism earlier, which could lead to better communication supports for autistic children and their families. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253908 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Canonical babbling trajectories across the first year of life in autism and typical development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gordon RAMSAY, Auteur ; Edina R. BENE, Auteur ; Pumpki Lei SU, Auteur ; Hyunjoo YOO, Auteur ; Cheryl KLAIMAN, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; Shana RICHARDSON, Auteur ; Moira L. PILEGGI, Auteur ; Natalie BRANE, Auteur ; D. Kimbrough OLLER, Auteur . - p.3078-3091. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3078-3091 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  canonical babbling  communication and language  early detection  vocal development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores vocal development as an early marker of autism, focusing on canonical babbling rate and onset, typically established by 7 months. Previous reports suggested delayed or reduced canonical babbling in infants later diagnosed with autism, but the story may be complicated. We present a prospective study on 44 infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder compared with 127 infants later identified as typically developing who were followed longitudinally with day-long recordings from 0 to 13 months. Eight 5-min segments from each of their recordings were coded for canonical and noncanonical syllables. The results confirmed many reports that canonical babbling is a robust feature of human vocal development in the first year of life, with small overall mean differences in canonical babbling rates between the autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups beginning around 9?months, primarily in males. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in vocal communication as part of the early detection and diagnosis of autism when determining the need for communication supports to maximize outcomes. Lay Abstract Our study examined how babies develop their ability to talk to help identify early signs of autism. We looked at babies' production of babbling with mature syllables across the first year of life. Babies usually start producing mature babbling at 7 months of age before they say their first words. Some studies have suggested that babies who are later diagnosed with autism produce this kind of babbling less frequently in their first year of life, but other studies have shown complicated outcomes. In this new study, we followed 44 autistic babies and compared them to 127 typically developing babies. We recorded the babies once every month, all day long, from the time that they were born until they were around 13?months old. Then, we studied their mature babbling from segments of these recordings. We found that the rate at which babies used mature babbling was lower in boys with autism, and higher in girls with autism, compared to babies without autism. This research helps us understand how babies with autism learn to talk. It also raises important questions about differences between boys and girls with autism. Our study can help us improve how scientists and clinicians can identify autism earlier, which could lead to better communication supports for autistic children and their families. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241253908 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Being able to be myself: Understanding autonomy and autonomy-support from the perspectives of autistic adults with intellectual disabilities / Heather M. BROWN ; Anne BORDEN ; Christina DEVLIN ; Adam KEDMY ; Austin LEE ; David B. NICHOLAS ; Bethan KINGSLEY ; Sandy THOMPSON-HODGETTS in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3092-3104 Titre : Being able to be myself: Understanding autonomy and autonomy-support from the perspectives of autistic adults with intellectual disabilities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heather M. BROWN, Auteur ; Anne BORDEN, Auteur ; Christina DEVLIN, Auteur ; Adam KEDMY, Auteur ; Austin LEE, Auteur ; David B. NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Bethan KINGSLEY, Auteur ; Sandy THOMPSON-HODGETTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3092-3104 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adulthood  autism  autonomy  choice  opportunity  qualitative  self-determination  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-determination enhances a person?s quality of life and is a fundamental human right. According to self-determination theory, autonomy is one of three basic psychological needs that must be met to experience self-determination. The overarching aim of this exploratory study was to learn about autonomy from the perspective of autistic adults with intellectual disability, including what autonomy meant and how participants wanted to be supported to be autonomous. Participants (n = 8; median age = 24) engaged in a variety of participatory methods (e.g. discussions, arts and crafts, games) during weekly sessions. These sessions took place over 7-16?weeks and were each informed by a guiding question related to autonomy. Artifacts, video or audio recordings from each session, and reflexive journals were thematically analyzed. The results support an overarching meaning of autonomy as being able to be themselves. Participants identified (1) choice and control, (2) communicating their way, and (3) safe environments as important and showed us how they wanted to be supported in each of these three areas. We also identified having autistic facilitators as an overarching strategy. These results provide a foundation for implementing change to enhance autonomy for autistic adults with intellectual disabilities. Lay Abstract Autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities want to be autonomous but are less autonomous than other people. However, they can be autonomous with appropriate support. We wanted to learn how we can support autistic adults with intellectual disabilities to be more autonomous. We designed our study with help from five autistic community partners to make sure the research was relevant to autistic people and would improve their lives. We talked with eight autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities about autonomy. We defined "talk" as verbal language, as well as non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, vocalizations, and laughter. We did art projects and played games while we talked. We met in small groups over multiple sessions. Our participants told us that being autonomous meant being able to be themselves. They told us three main ways to support their autonomy: (1) having choice and control, (2) being able to communicate in their own way, and (3) being in a safe environment. Families, support staff, and caregivers can use this information to help autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities to be autonomous. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Being able to be myself: Understanding autonomy and autonomy-support from the perspectives of autistic adults with intellectual disabilities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heather M. BROWN, Auteur ; Anne BORDEN, Auteur ; Christina DEVLIN, Auteur ; Adam KEDMY, Auteur ; Austin LEE, Auteur ; David B. NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Bethan KINGSLEY, Auteur ; Sandy THOMPSON-HODGETTS, Auteur . - p.3092-3104. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3092-3104 Mots-clés : adulthood  autism  autonomy  choice  opportunity  qualitative  self-determination  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-determination enhances a person?s quality of life and is a fundamental human right. According to self-determination theory, autonomy is one of three basic psychological needs that must be met to experience self-determination. The overarching aim of this exploratory study was to learn about autonomy from the perspective of autistic adults with intellectual disability, including what autonomy meant and how participants wanted to be supported to be autonomous. Participants (n = 8; median age = 24) engaged in a variety of participatory methods (e.g. discussions, arts and crafts, games) during weekly sessions. These sessions took place over 7-16?weeks and were each informed by a guiding question related to autonomy. Artifacts, video or audio recordings from each session, and reflexive journals were thematically analyzed. The results support an overarching meaning of autonomy as being able to be themselves. Participants identified (1) choice and control, (2) communicating their way, and (3) safe environments as important and showed us how they wanted to be supported in each of these three areas. We also identified having autistic facilitators as an overarching strategy. These results provide a foundation for implementing change to enhance autonomy for autistic adults with intellectual disabilities. Lay Abstract Autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities want to be autonomous but are less autonomous than other people. However, they can be autonomous with appropriate support. We wanted to learn how we can support autistic adults with intellectual disabilities to be more autonomous. We designed our study with help from five autistic community partners to make sure the research was relevant to autistic people and would improve their lives. We talked with eight autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities about autonomy. We defined "talk" as verbal language, as well as non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, vocalizations, and laughter. We did art projects and played games while we talked. We met in small groups over multiple sessions. Our participants told us that being autonomous meant being able to be themselves. They told us three main ways to support their autonomy: (1) having choice and control, (2) being able to communicate in their own way, and (3) being in a safe environment. Families, support staff, and caregivers can use this information to help autistic young adults with intellectual disabilities to be autonomous. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Associations between autistic and comorbid somatic problems of gastrointestinal disorders, food allergy, pain, and fatigue in adults / Tian XIE ; Harold SNIEDER ; Catharina A. HARTMAN in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3105-3117 Titre : Associations between autistic and comorbid somatic problems of gastrointestinal disorders, food allergy, pain, and fatigue in adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tian XIE, Auteur ; Harold SNIEDER, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3105-3117 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  fatigue  food allergy  irritable bowel syndrome  pain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children often have comorbid somatic problems. However, in adulthood, this has been much less studied. We investigated the associations between autistic symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue in adulthood and examined sex and life-course differences herein. A total of 35,048 adults aged from 18 to 90 from the Lifelines Cohort Study reported autistic symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue. Associations between autistic and somatic problems were estimated by logistic and linear regression models. Higher autism scores were associated with more severe somatic problems with an odds ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence interval: (1.34, 1.55)) for irritable bowel syndrome, an odds ratio of 1.13 (95% confidence interval: (1.07, 1.20)) for food allergy, a regression coefficient (b) of 0.20 (95% confidence interval: (0.18, 0.22)) for pain and a regression coefficient (b) of 0.37 (95% confidence interval: (0.35, 0.39)) for fatigue. Associations were stronger in females than males for pain and fatigue. Associations declined with age for fatigue and food allergy and increased with age for irritable bowel syndrome and pain, in a subgroup with autism scores >98th percentile combined with symptom onset in childhood and high functional impairments. These findings are important for autistic adults and may aid in diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. Lay Abstract What is already known about the topic? Autistic children frequently often have accompanying physical health problems. However, this has been much less studied in autistic men and women during adulthood. What does this article add? This is one of the first studies to investigate the associations between autistic and somatic problems in adults from the general population. Using a continuous measure of autistic symptom scores and a categorical definition of autism (referred to below as probable autism) which considered symptom severity, childhood age of onset, and functional impairment, we found that autistic problems and irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue were associated in adults. Sex differences were present for pain and fatigue, for which the associations with autistic symptom scores were somewhat stronger in females than males. Regarding age differences, the associations with fatigue and having food allergy were more pronounced in younger adults. Conversely, older individuals had a higher risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome or experiencing pain if they met the criteria for probable autism. Implications for practice, research, or policy There is a need for providing routine programs of screening, assessment, and treatment of autism-related somatic problems and developing evidence-based interventions for autistic individuals. These could be tailored to the needs of specific autistic populations. For example, autistic females could be given extra attention about the potential presence of pain and fatigue, younger adults about the potential presence of food allergy and fatigue, and older adults concerning the potential presence of irritable bowel syndrome and pain. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254619 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Associations between autistic and comorbid somatic problems of gastrointestinal disorders, food allergy, pain, and fatigue in adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tian XIE, Auteur ; Harold SNIEDER, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur . - p.3105-3117. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3105-3117 Mots-clés : autism  fatigue  food allergy  irritable bowel syndrome  pain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children often have comorbid somatic problems. However, in adulthood, this has been much less studied. We investigated the associations between autistic symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue in adulthood and examined sex and life-course differences herein. A total of 35,048 adults aged from 18 to 90 from the Lifelines Cohort Study reported autistic symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue. Associations between autistic and somatic problems were estimated by logistic and linear regression models. Higher autism scores were associated with more severe somatic problems with an odds ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence interval: (1.34, 1.55)) for irritable bowel syndrome, an odds ratio of 1.13 (95% confidence interval: (1.07, 1.20)) for food allergy, a regression coefficient (b) of 0.20 (95% confidence interval: (0.18, 0.22)) for pain and a regression coefficient (b) of 0.37 (95% confidence interval: (0.35, 0.39)) for fatigue. Associations were stronger in females than males for pain and fatigue. Associations declined with age for fatigue and food allergy and increased with age for irritable bowel syndrome and pain, in a subgroup with autism scores >98th percentile combined with symptom onset in childhood and high functional impairments. These findings are important for autistic adults and may aid in diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. Lay Abstract What is already known about the topic? Autistic children frequently often have accompanying physical health problems. However, this has been much less studied in autistic men and women during adulthood. What does this article add? This is one of the first studies to investigate the associations between autistic and somatic problems in adults from the general population. Using a continuous measure of autistic symptom scores and a categorical definition of autism (referred to below as probable autism) which considered symptom severity, childhood age of onset, and functional impairment, we found that autistic problems and irritable bowel syndrome, food allergy, pain, and fatigue were associated in adults. Sex differences were present for pain and fatigue, for which the associations with autistic symptom scores were somewhat stronger in females than males. Regarding age differences, the associations with fatigue and having food allergy were more pronounced in younger adults. Conversely, older individuals had a higher risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome or experiencing pain if they met the criteria for probable autism. Implications for practice, research, or policy There is a need for providing routine programs of screening, assessment, and treatment of autism-related somatic problems and developing evidence-based interventions for autistic individuals. These could be tailored to the needs of specific autistic populations. For example, autistic females could be given extra attention about the potential presence of pain and fatigue, younger adults about the potential presence of food allergy and fatigue, and older adults concerning the potential presence of irritable bowel syndrome and pain. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254619 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

The sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers / Lee-Chin WONG ; Yen-Ju CHU ; Chia-Jui HSU ; Hsin-Pei WANG ; Wen-Che TSAI ; Wang-Tso LEE in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3118-3130 Titre : The sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lee-Chin WONG, Auteur ; Yen-Ju CHU, Auteur ; Chia-Jui HSU, Auteur ; Hsin-Pei WANG, Auteur ; Wen-Che TSAI, Auteur ; Wang-Tso LEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3118-3130 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : actigraphy  CSHQ  PSQI  Rett syndrome  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent among individuals with Rett syndrome. We aimed to investigate sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers. A total of 29 participants diagnosed with Rett syndrome and their respective 29 caregivers were included. The Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the actigraphy data collected from Actiwatch 2 were used to investigate the change of sleep pattern. Based on the CSHQ questionnaire, 75.9% (22/29) of the patients reported sleep disturbances. The younger patients exhibited higher CSHQ scores. Actigraphy data revealed that both young and older patients had short total sleep duration, low sleep efficiency, long sleep-onset latency, long awaking duration, and fragmented sleep. The caregivers reported significantly higher PSQI scores, mildly declined sleep efficiency, and shorter total sleep duration in the actigraphy study. Associations were identified between smaller head circumference and shorter total sleep duration, more severe motor dysfunction and longer wake after sleep onset, worsen scoliosis and more awakenings per night. Sleep efficiency was inversely associated with epilepsy and positively associated with somatic growth. Sleep disturbances are common and should be investigated in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers. Lay abstract Sleep problems are common and impactful among individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and their caregivers. We examined the sleep patterns of 29 RTT patients and their primary caregivers using various assessment tools. The study found that a majority of the patients experienced sleep disturbances, with younger patients showing more sleep difficulties. Caregivers also reported poor sleep quality. The findings emphasize the need to address sleep problems in RTT management, as improving sleep quality can positively impact the well-being of individuals with RTT and their caregivers. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] The sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lee-Chin WONG, Auteur ; Yen-Ju CHU, Auteur ; Chia-Jui HSU, Auteur ; Hsin-Pei WANG, Auteur ; Wen-Che TSAI, Auteur ; Wang-Tso LEE, Auteur . - p.3118-3130. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3118-3130 Mots-clés : actigraphy  CSHQ  PSQI  Rett syndrome  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent among individuals with Rett syndrome. We aimed to investigate sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers. A total of 29 participants diagnosed with Rett syndrome and their respective 29 caregivers were included. The Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the actigraphy data collected from Actiwatch 2 were used to investigate the change of sleep pattern. Based on the CSHQ questionnaire, 75.9% (22/29) of the patients reported sleep disturbances. The younger patients exhibited higher CSHQ scores. Actigraphy data revealed that both young and older patients had short total sleep duration, low sleep efficiency, long sleep-onset latency, long awaking duration, and fragmented sleep. The caregivers reported significantly higher PSQI scores, mildly declined sleep efficiency, and shorter total sleep duration in the actigraphy study. Associations were identified between smaller head circumference and shorter total sleep duration, more severe motor dysfunction and longer wake after sleep onset, worsen scoliosis and more awakenings per night. Sleep efficiency was inversely associated with epilepsy and positively associated with somatic growth. Sleep disturbances are common and should be investigated in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers. Lay abstract Sleep problems are common and impactful among individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and their caregivers. We examined the sleep patterns of 29 RTT patients and their primary caregivers using various assessment tools. The study found that a majority of the patients experienced sleep disturbances, with younger patients showing more sleep difficulties. Caregivers also reported poor sleep quality. The findings emphasize the need to address sleep problems in RTT management, as improving sleep quality can positively impact the well-being of individuals with RTT and their caregivers. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Toward better outcome measurement for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder / Luc LECAVALIER ; Michael C. EDWARDS ; Megan L. WENZELL ; Leah M. BARTO ; Arielle MULLIGAN ; Auscia T. WILLIAMS ; Opal OUSLEY ; Cynthia B. SINHA ; Christopher A. TAYLOR ; Soo Youn KIM ; Laura M. JOHNSON ; Scott E. GILLESPIE ; Cynthia R. JOHNSON in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3131-3142 Titre : Toward better outcome measurement for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur ; Michael C. EDWARDS, Auteur ; Megan L. WENZELL, Auteur ; Leah M. BARTO, Auteur ; Arielle MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Auscia T. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Opal OUSLEY, Auteur ; Cynthia B. SINHA, Auteur ; Christopher A. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Soo Youn KIM, Auteur ; Laura M. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Scott E. GILLESPIE, Auteur ; Cynthia R. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3131-3142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  children  insomnia  outcome measure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This report presents a new parent-rated outcome measure of insomnia for children with autism spectrum disorder. Parents of 1185 children with autism spectrum disorder (aged 3-12; 80.3% male) completed the first draft of the measure online. Factor and item response theory analyses reduced the set of 40 items to the final 21-item Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale. In this online sample, Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale mean was 21.8?+?15.0 (range 0-63; coefficient alpha = 0.94). Item response theory results indicated excellent reliability across a range of scores. Next, we conducted a telehealth assessment of 134 children with autism spectrum disorder (aged 3-12; 73% male). In this clinical sample, Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale mean was 28.9?+?14.62 (range 0-61; coefficient alpha = 0.93). Pearson correlations of Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale with the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and the modified Children?s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was 0.74 for each. This was significantly higher than correlations of parent-rated disruptive behavior, hyperactivity, repetitive behavior, and anxiety measures (range 0.29-0.59)-supporting convergent and divergent validity. Parents of 63 children completed the Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale three times over 4?weeks. Intraclass correlation was excellent (0.88) over three time points. Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale is a valid dimensional measure of insomnia in autistic children that produces reliable scores. Lay Abstract Insomnia, trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, is common in autistic children. In a previous report, we described the results of focus groups with parents of autistic children toward the development of the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale. In this article, we report on the steps taken to complete the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale. With help from the Simons Foundation registry, we collected information from parents on 1185 children with autism spectrum disorder to test the new measure. These results were evaluated using standard statistical methods such as factor analysis. To confirm the validity of the new measure, we enrolled a separate sample of 134 autistic children for a detailed assessment by video conference. This step showed that the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is clearly measuring symptoms of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder and not related problems such as hyperactivity, repetitive behavior, or anxiety. We also showed that the total score on the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is stable when repeated over a brief period of time. This is important because a measure that is not stable over a brief period of time would not be suitable as an outcome measure. In summary, the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is a brief and valid measure of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder that provides reliable scores. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255814 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Toward better outcome measurement for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur ; Michael C. EDWARDS, Auteur ; Megan L. WENZELL, Auteur ; Leah M. BARTO, Auteur ; Arielle MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Auscia T. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Opal OUSLEY, Auteur ; Cynthia B. SINHA, Auteur ; Christopher A. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Soo Youn KIM, Auteur ; Laura M. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Scott E. GILLESPIE, Auteur ; Cynthia R. JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.3131-3142. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3131-3142 Mots-clés : autism  children  insomnia  outcome measure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This report presents a new parent-rated outcome measure of insomnia for children with autism spectrum disorder. Parents of 1185 children with autism spectrum disorder (aged 3-12; 80.3% male) completed the first draft of the measure online. Factor and item response theory analyses reduced the set of 40 items to the final 21-item Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale. In this online sample, Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale mean was 21.8?+?15.0 (range 0-63; coefficient alpha = 0.94). Item response theory results indicated excellent reliability across a range of scores. Next, we conducted a telehealth assessment of 134 children with autism spectrum disorder (aged 3-12; 73% male). In this clinical sample, Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale mean was 28.9?+?14.62 (range 0-61; coefficient alpha = 0.93). Pearson correlations of Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale with the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and the modified Children?s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was 0.74 for each. This was significantly higher than correlations of parent-rated disruptive behavior, hyperactivity, repetitive behavior, and anxiety measures (range 0.29-0.59)-supporting convergent and divergent validity. Parents of 63 children completed the Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale three times over 4?weeks. Intraclass correlation was excellent (0.88) over three time points. Pediatric Insomnia Autism Rating Scale is a valid dimensional measure of insomnia in autistic children that produces reliable scores. Lay Abstract Insomnia, trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, is common in autistic children. In a previous report, we described the results of focus groups with parents of autistic children toward the development of the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale. In this article, we report on the steps taken to complete the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale. With help from the Simons Foundation registry, we collected information from parents on 1185 children with autism spectrum disorder to test the new measure. These results were evaluated using standard statistical methods such as factor analysis. To confirm the validity of the new measure, we enrolled a separate sample of 134 autistic children for a detailed assessment by video conference. This step showed that the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is clearly measuring symptoms of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder and not related problems such as hyperactivity, repetitive behavior, or anxiety. We also showed that the total score on the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is stable when repeated over a brief period of time. This is important because a measure that is not stable over a brief period of time would not be suitable as an outcome measure. In summary, the Pediatric Autism Insomnia Rating Scale is a brief and valid measure of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder that provides reliable scores. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255814 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Academic learning challenges and links to vocational outcomes in young autistic adults / Diego ARAGON-GUEVARA ; Goldie A. MCQUAID ; Gregory L. WALLACE ; Nancy Raitano LEE in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3143-3155 Titre : Academic learning challenges and links to vocational outcomes in young autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diego ARAGON-GUEVARA, Auteur ; Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; Nancy Raitano LEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3143-3155 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult  autism spectrum disorders  cognition (attention  learning  memory)  vocational/labor force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Obtaining and maintaining employment can be a challenge for autistic adults and learning challenges may be related to vocational outcomes in this population. The present study sought to evaluate the Learning Needs Screening Tool to identify autistic job seekers who may benefit from additional services to obtain employment. A total of 401 autistic adults participated in this study. Internal consistency of Learning Needs Screening Tool items was evaluated. A principal component analysis was then completed to understand the measure?s factor structure and evaluations of external validity were completed. Evaluation of the screening items of the Learning Needs Screening Tool revealed high internal consistency. Three factors (Orthography, Arithmetic, and Retrospective Learning and Service Receipt) emerged. Overall, 56% of the sample screened positive on the Learning Needs Screening Tool, indicating a history of learning challenges. Analysis of history of special education receipt and vocational outcomes showed strong external validity for the measure. Results support the utility of the Learning Needs Screening Tool as a possible screening tool to evaluate learning challenges in autistic job seekers. As those who screened positive were more likely to have no vocational/educational activities, knowledge of retrospective learning needs may help vocational counselors identify autistic adults who need greater supports when seeking and obtaining jobs. Lay abstract Finding a job can be hard for autistic adults. No studies have been completed that look into whether having difficulties learning and troubles finding a job are related in this population. The current study did so by evaluating the Learning Needs Screening Tool, a measure of learning challenges used in vocational rehabilitation settings, or places meant to help people find work. A total of 401 autistic adults completed this study online. Specifically, the study evaluated (a) the characteristics of the Learning Needs Screening Tool, including the relationships between questions that ask about similar learning challenges, and (b) the ability of the measure to relate to real-world outcomes that are associated with learning difficulties, namely prior special education receipt and difficulties finding a job. Evaluation of the questions asked on the Learning Needs Screening Tool revealed that they were highly related and that learning difficulties fell into different categories. Fifty-six percent of the people in the study showed learning challenges on the measure. People who were identified as having learning difficulties on the Learning Needs Screening Tool had higher rates of receiving special education services in the past and lower rates of current employment. These results suggest that the Learning Needs Screening Tool may help to identify autistic job seekers who have learning difficulties and may have more challenges finding a job. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255774 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Academic learning challenges and links to vocational outcomes in young autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diego ARAGON-GUEVARA, Auteur ; Goldie A. MCQUAID, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; Nancy Raitano LEE, Auteur . - p.3143-3155. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3143-3155 Mots-clés : adult  autism spectrum disorders  cognition (attention  learning  memory)  vocational/labor force participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Obtaining and maintaining employment can be a challenge for autistic adults and learning challenges may be related to vocational outcomes in this population. The present study sought to evaluate the Learning Needs Screening Tool to identify autistic job seekers who may benefit from additional services to obtain employment. A total of 401 autistic adults participated in this study. Internal consistency of Learning Needs Screening Tool items was evaluated. A principal component analysis was then completed to understand the measure?s factor structure and evaluations of external validity were completed. Evaluation of the screening items of the Learning Needs Screening Tool revealed high internal consistency. Three factors (Orthography, Arithmetic, and Retrospective Learning and Service Receipt) emerged. Overall, 56% of the sample screened positive on the Learning Needs Screening Tool, indicating a history of learning challenges. Analysis of history of special education receipt and vocational outcomes showed strong external validity for the measure. Results support the utility of the Learning Needs Screening Tool as a possible screening tool to evaluate learning challenges in autistic job seekers. As those who screened positive were more likely to have no vocational/educational activities, knowledge of retrospective learning needs may help vocational counselors identify autistic adults who need greater supports when seeking and obtaining jobs. Lay abstract Finding a job can be hard for autistic adults. No studies have been completed that look into whether having difficulties learning and troubles finding a job are related in this population. The current study did so by evaluating the Learning Needs Screening Tool, a measure of learning challenges used in vocational rehabilitation settings, or places meant to help people find work. A total of 401 autistic adults completed this study online. Specifically, the study evaluated (a) the characteristics of the Learning Needs Screening Tool, including the relationships between questions that ask about similar learning challenges, and (b) the ability of the measure to relate to real-world outcomes that are associated with learning difficulties, namely prior special education receipt and difficulties finding a job. Evaluation of the questions asked on the Learning Needs Screening Tool revealed that they were highly related and that learning difficulties fell into different categories. Fifty-six percent of the people in the study showed learning challenges on the measure. People who were identified as having learning difficulties on the Learning Needs Screening Tool had higher rates of receiving special education services in the past and lower rates of current employment. These results suggest that the Learning Needs Screening Tool may help to identify autistic job seekers who have learning difficulties and may have more challenges finding a job. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241255774 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Inextricably tied: Nonbinary autistic individuals' views on how their gender identity and autism are connected / Hillary STEINBERG ; Tamara GARFIELD ; Kyle CHVASTA ; Katherine ARDELEANU ; Maci BROWN ; Lindsay SHEA in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3156-3166 Titre : Inextricably tied: Nonbinary autistic individuals' views on how their gender identity and autism are connected Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hillary STEINBERG, Auteur ; Tamara GARFIELD, Auteur ; Kyle CHVASTA, Auteur ; Katherine ARDELEANU, Auteur ; Maci BROWN, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3156-3166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  LGBT  qualitative research  transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people, an under-researched population. While past studies have posited a co-occurrence of autism and transgender identity, little research focuses specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. This community-based study draws on interview data from 44 nonbinary participants. Participants expressed nuanced and informed understandings of their gender identities, highlighting fluidity and a rejection traditional binary gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how their identity is shaped by external forces such as politics, community, and interpersonal relationships. Findings highlight the need for the inclusion of nonbinary autistic people in autism research and for autism services and programming to be affirming of various gender identities. Lay abstract This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people. The relationship between autistic and nonbinary identities has not been researched in detail. Few studies focus specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. We interviewed 44 nonbinary individuals for this study. Participants had thought-out opinions on gender identity and emphasized identifying with fluidity rather than traditional gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how it affected how people saw them and how they saw themselves. We have recommendations for programming, policy, and research from these findings. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241257600 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Inextricably tied: Nonbinary autistic individuals' views on how their gender identity and autism are connected [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hillary STEINBERG, Auteur ; Tamara GARFIELD, Auteur ; Kyle CHVASTA, Auteur ; Katherine ARDELEANU, Auteur ; Maci BROWN, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur . - p.3156-3166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3156-3166 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  LGBT  qualitative research  transgender Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people, an under-researched population. While past studies have posited a co-occurrence of autism and transgender identity, little research focuses specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. This community-based study draws on interview data from 44 nonbinary participants. Participants expressed nuanced and informed understandings of their gender identities, highlighting fluidity and a rejection traditional binary gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how their identity is shaped by external forces such as politics, community, and interpersonal relationships. Findings highlight the need for the inclusion of nonbinary autistic people in autism research and for autism services and programming to be affirming of various gender identities. Lay abstract This study explores the experiences and identities of nonbinary autistic people. The relationship between autistic and nonbinary identities has not been researched in detail. Few studies focus specifically on nonbinary autistic adults. We interviewed 44 nonbinary individuals for this study. Participants had thought-out opinions on gender identity and emphasized identifying with fluidity rather than traditional gender roles. Participants discussed the connection of their autistic and nonbinary identities and how it affected how people saw them and how they saw themselves. We have recommendations for programming, policy, and research from these findings. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241257600 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Sleep problems and circadian rhythm functioning in autistic children, autism with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and typically developing children: A comparative study / Beatriz MORENO-VINUES ; Isabel PÉREZ-SEBASTIÁN ; Teresa GAVELA-PÉREZ ; Genoveva DEL RIO-CAMACHO ; Carmen GARCES ; Leandro SORIANO-GUILLÉN in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3167-3185 Titre : Sleep problems and circadian rhythm functioning in autistic children, autism with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and typically developing children: A comparative study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Beatriz MORENO-VINUES, Auteur ; Isabel PÉREZ-SEBASTIÁN, Auteur ; Teresa GAVELA-PÉREZ, Auteur ; Genoveva DEL RIO-CAMACHO, Auteur ; Carmen GARCES, Auteur ; Leandro SORIANO-GUILLÉN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3167-3185 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : actigraphy  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  circadian rhythm  sleep  wrist temperature Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and have a range of causes, including circadian rhythm misalignment. However, little is known about sleep in autistic children with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study was conducted in 87 autistic children and adolescents (10.22?+?3.36), 27 of whom had a diagnosis of ADHD, and 30 children with typical development (9.07?+?2.75). An ambulatory circadian monitoring device was used to record wrist temperature (WT), motor activity, sleep, and light intensity. Higher WT values were detected in the comparison group, followed by autistic children and, ultimately, participants with co-occurring ADHD. In addition, atypical daily WT patterns were observed in autistic children, with slope flattening during afternoon and evening hours and an absent or subtle postprandial peak. Participants with co-occurring ADHD showed greater motor activity during sleep. Our findings, especially concerning WT rhythm, appear to support previous findings on the etiology of sleep problems in autism, as WT is closely connected to sleep-wakefulness. We found specific sleep patterns in autistic children depending on the presence of co-occurring ADHD, particularly regarding sleep maintenance, which may be an area of future research. Lay abstract Sleep problems are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and different factors can contribute to its occurrence in this population. Misalignment of the biological clock (our circadian system) has been described as one possible explanation. While there is a body of research on sleep problems, relatively less is known about circadian functioning and the specific population of autistic children with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using an ambulatory circadian monitoring (ACM) system, which resembles a common watch, we gathered sleep parameters and the different rhythms obtained from measuring motor activity, light exposure and distal temperature in 87 autistic children and adolescents, 27 of whom were diagnosed with co-occurring ADHD, and 30 neurotypical children and adolescents as a comparison group. Autistic children and, especially, those with co-occurring ADHD showed greater motor activity during sleep which would be worth studying in future projects which could better define this restless sleep. Of note, we observed an atypical pattern of wrist temperature, with higher values in neurotypical children, followed by autistic children and, ultimately, those with co-occurring ADHD. Temperature is one of the most valuable factors evaluated here as it is closely connected to sleep-wakefulness and the hormone melatonin. Its special pattern during day and nighttime would support the hypothesis of an atypical secretion of melatonin in autistic individuals which would also link with the higher presence of sleep problems in this neurodevelopmental condition. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254594 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Sleep problems and circadian rhythm functioning in autistic children, autism with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and typically developing children: A comparative study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Beatriz MORENO-VINUES, Auteur ; Isabel PÉREZ-SEBASTIÁN, Auteur ; Teresa GAVELA-PÉREZ, Auteur ; Genoveva DEL RIO-CAMACHO, Auteur ; Carmen GARCES, Auteur ; Leandro SORIANO-GUILLÉN, Auteur . - p.3167-3185. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3167-3185 Mots-clés : actigraphy  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  circadian rhythm  sleep  wrist temperature Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sleep problems are prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and have a range of causes, including circadian rhythm misalignment. However, little is known about sleep in autistic children with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study was conducted in 87 autistic children and adolescents (10.22?+?3.36), 27 of whom had a diagnosis of ADHD, and 30 children with typical development (9.07?+?2.75). An ambulatory circadian monitoring device was used to record wrist temperature (WT), motor activity, sleep, and light intensity. Higher WT values were detected in the comparison group, followed by autistic children and, ultimately, participants with co-occurring ADHD. In addition, atypical daily WT patterns were observed in autistic children, with slope flattening during afternoon and evening hours and an absent or subtle postprandial peak. Participants with co-occurring ADHD showed greater motor activity during sleep. Our findings, especially concerning WT rhythm, appear to support previous findings on the etiology of sleep problems in autism, as WT is closely connected to sleep-wakefulness. We found specific sleep patterns in autistic children depending on the presence of co-occurring ADHD, particularly regarding sleep maintenance, which may be an area of future research. Lay abstract Sleep problems are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and different factors can contribute to its occurrence in this population. Misalignment of the biological clock (our circadian system) has been described as one possible explanation. While there is a body of research on sleep problems, relatively less is known about circadian functioning and the specific population of autistic children with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using an ambulatory circadian monitoring (ACM) system, which resembles a common watch, we gathered sleep parameters and the different rhythms obtained from measuring motor activity, light exposure and distal temperature in 87 autistic children and adolescents, 27 of whom were diagnosed with co-occurring ADHD, and 30 neurotypical children and adolescents as a comparison group. Autistic children and, especially, those with co-occurring ADHD showed greater motor activity during sleep which would be worth studying in future projects which could better define this restless sleep. Of note, we observed an atypical pattern of wrist temperature, with higher values in neurotypical children, followed by autistic children and, ultimately, those with co-occurring ADHD. Temperature is one of the most valuable factors evaluated here as it is closely connected to sleep-wakefulness and the hormone melatonin. Its special pattern during day and nighttime would support the hypothesis of an atypical secretion of melatonin in autistic individuals which would also link with the higher presence of sleep problems in this neurodevelopmental condition. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241254594 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Autistic adults in China and the Netherlands: Proxy-reported community integration and life satisfaction / Sander BEGEER ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA ; Chongying WANG ; Anke M. SCHEEREN in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3186-3200 Titre : Autistic adults in China and the Netherlands: Proxy-reported community integration and life satisfaction Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Chongying WANG, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3186-3200 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autistic adults  community integration  community participation  cultural and contextual  life satisfaction  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite an estimated population of 10 million autistic individuals, there is still a significant lack of research on autistic adults in China. This study aimed to investigate the extent and factors influencing community integration (employment, independent living and friendship) and life satisfaction among young autistic adults in China, and compare them with an autistic adult sample with similar characteristics (58%-63% with a reported IQ below 70) from the Netherlands. Data were collected via online surveys to the caregivers of 99 young autistic adults (18-30?years) in China and 109 in the Netherlands, because the autistic adults were not able to fill in the survey independently. Autistic adults in both countries were reported to have limited community integration, as indicated by low rates of employment, limited independent living and few close friendships. Proxy-reported life satisfaction of autistic adults seemed relatively low in both countries, but even lower in Chinese adults, possibly due to limited awareness and acceptance of autism in China, inadequate or inaccessible support services, higher parenting stress, or general cross-country differences in well-being. In general, the findings indicate a common challenge faced by autistic adults with high support needs in both China and the Netherlands. Lay abstract Even though there are about 10 million Chinese autistic individuals, we know little about autistic adults in China. This study examined how well young autistic adults in China integrate into their communities (such as having a job, living independently and having friends) and how satisfied they are with their lives as reported by their caregivers. We compared them to autistic adults with similar characteristics (such as high support needs) from the Netherlands. We included 99 autistic adults in China and 109 in the Netherlands (18-30?years). In both countries, autistic adults were reported to have a hard time fitting into their communities. They often had no work, did not live on their own and had few close friends. Also, in both countries, caregivers reported that autistic adults felt low satisfaction with their life. Chinese adults were less satisfied with their life than Dutch adults, as indicated by their caregivers. This could be because of a lack of support for autistic adults in China, higher parental stress in Chinese caregivers, or general cross-country differences in happiness. Only in the Dutch group, younger compared with older adults fitted better into their communities, and adults without additional psychiatric conditions were reported to have higher life satisfaction. Country was a significant predictor of independent living only, with Dutch participants more likely living in care facilities than Chinese participants. In conclusion, our study shows that autistic adults with high support needs generally face similar challenges in both China and the Netherlands. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241258182 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Autistic adults in China and the Netherlands: Proxy-reported community integration and life satisfaction [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Rosa A. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Chongying WANG, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur . - p.3186-3200. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3186-3200 Mots-clés : autistic adults  community integration  community participation  cultural and contextual  life satisfaction  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite an estimated population of 10 million autistic individuals, there is still a significant lack of research on autistic adults in China. This study aimed to investigate the extent and factors influencing community integration (employment, independent living and friendship) and life satisfaction among young autistic adults in China, and compare them with an autistic adult sample with similar characteristics (58%-63% with a reported IQ below 70) from the Netherlands. Data were collected via online surveys to the caregivers of 99 young autistic adults (18-30?years) in China and 109 in the Netherlands, because the autistic adults were not able to fill in the survey independently. Autistic adults in both countries were reported to have limited community integration, as indicated by low rates of employment, limited independent living and few close friendships. Proxy-reported life satisfaction of autistic adults seemed relatively low in both countries, but even lower in Chinese adults, possibly due to limited awareness and acceptance of autism in China, inadequate or inaccessible support services, higher parenting stress, or general cross-country differences in well-being. In general, the findings indicate a common challenge faced by autistic adults with high support needs in both China and the Netherlands. Lay abstract Even though there are about 10 million Chinese autistic individuals, we know little about autistic adults in China. This study examined how well young autistic adults in China integrate into their communities (such as having a job, living independently and having friends) and how satisfied they are with their lives as reported by their caregivers. We compared them to autistic adults with similar characteristics (such as high support needs) from the Netherlands. We included 99 autistic adults in China and 109 in the Netherlands (18-30?years). In both countries, autistic adults were reported to have a hard time fitting into their communities. They often had no work, did not live on their own and had few close friends. Also, in both countries, caregivers reported that autistic adults felt low satisfaction with their life. Chinese adults were less satisfied with their life than Dutch adults, as indicated by their caregivers. This could be because of a lack of support for autistic adults in China, higher parental stress in Chinese caregivers, or general cross-country differences in happiness. Only in the Dutch group, younger compared with older adults fitted better into their communities, and adults without additional psychiatric conditions were reported to have higher life satisfaction. Country was a significant predictor of independent living only, with Dutch participants more likely living in care facilities than Chinese participants. In conclusion, our study shows that autistic adults with high support needs generally face similar challenges in both China and the Netherlands. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241258182 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543

Trauma diagnoses during emergency psychiatric evaluation among youth with and without autism spectrum disorder / Sakshi DHIR ; Fei GUO ; Yuxiao SONG ; Cheryl R. STEIN ; Argelinda BARONI in Autism, 28-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3201-3207 Titre : Trauma diagnoses during emergency psychiatric evaluation among youth with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sakshi DHIR, Auteur ; Fei GUO, Auteur ; Yuxiao SONG, Auteur ; Cheryl R. STEIN, Auteur ; Argelinda BARONI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3201-3207 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  trauma  psychiatric co-morbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth are more likely to experience traumatic events and may be more likely to develop trauma-related symptoms. However, accurately identifying trauma-related symptoms in autistic youth can be challenging. We examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related diagnoses in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a large, pediatric psychiatric emergency department (ED) in a diverse urban setting. Between March 2019 and November 2021, 2728 patients presented at our emergency psychiatric ED. Youth with ASD were 42% less likely to receive trauma-related diagnoses (prevalence ratio 0.58, 95% CI 0.41, 0.80) compared with youth without ASD. One possible explanation for this finding is that trauma-related symptoms are under-detected in youth with ASD during emergency psychiatric evaluations. There is a need for trauma screening and diagnostic instruments specifically tailored to the unique needs of youth with ASD to ensure optimal assessment and care. Lay abstract Autistic youth are more likely to experience maltreatment, victimization, and other traumatic events. However, it can be difficult to identify trauma-related symptoms in autistic youth, especially in those with limited verbal communication. In this study, we compared the prevalence of trauma-related diagnoses given to youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to those given to youth without ASD who presented to a specialized pediatric psychiatric emergency department. We found that youth with ASD were 42% less likely to receive trauma-related diagnoses than youth without ASD. As there is evidence that youth with ASD are no less likely to experience traumatic events compared with youth without ASD, one possible explanation for this result is that trauma-related symptoms are missed during emergency psychiatric evaluations. Developing trauma screening instruments specifically designed for the needs of youth with ASD is an outstanding need. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241274832 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543 [article] Trauma diagnoses during emergency psychiatric evaluation among youth with and without autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sakshi DHIR, Auteur ; Fei GUO, Auteur ; Yuxiao SONG, Auteur ; Cheryl R. STEIN, Auteur ; Argelinda BARONI, Auteur . - p.3201-3207. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-12 (December 2024) . - p.3201-3207 Mots-clés : autism  trauma  psychiatric co-morbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth are more likely to experience traumatic events and may be more likely to develop trauma-related symptoms. However, accurately identifying trauma-related symptoms in autistic youth can be challenging. We examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related diagnoses in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a large, pediatric psychiatric emergency department (ED) in a diverse urban setting. Between March 2019 and November 2021, 2728 patients presented at our emergency psychiatric ED. Youth with ASD were 42% less likely to receive trauma-related diagnoses (prevalence ratio 0.58, 95% CI 0.41, 0.80) compared with youth without ASD. One possible explanation for this finding is that trauma-related symptoms are under-detected in youth with ASD during emergency psychiatric evaluations. There is a need for trauma screening and diagnostic instruments specifically tailored to the unique needs of youth with ASD to ensure optimal assessment and care. Lay abstract Autistic youth are more likely to experience maltreatment, victimization, and other traumatic events. However, it can be difficult to identify trauma-related symptoms in autistic youth, especially in those with limited verbal communication. In this study, we compared the prevalence of trauma-related diagnoses given to youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to those given to youth without ASD who presented to a specialized pediatric psychiatric emergency department. We found that youth with ASD were 42% less likely to receive trauma-related diagnoses than youth without ASD. As there is evidence that youth with ASD are no less likely to experience traumatic events compared with youth without ASD, one possible explanation for this result is that trauma-related symptoms are missed during emergency psychiatric evaluations. Developing trauma screening instruments specifically designed for the needs of youth with ASD is an outstanding need. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241274832 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=543