Dépouillements

Exploring Eclecticism: The impact of educational theory on the development and implementation of comprehensive education programmes (CEP’s) for young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) / Jennifer MCMAHON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.1-12 Titre : Exploring Eclecticism: The impact of educational theory on the development and implementation of comprehensive education programmes (CEP’s) for young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer MCMAHON, Auteur ; Veronica CULLINAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-12 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Comprehensive education programmes  Eclectic  Applied behaviour analysis  Constructivism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Despite considerable evidence that programmes grounded in Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) should be at the forefront of education and intervention in the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) programmes of an eclectic nature are regularly implemented. Theoretical orientations undoubtedly influence the instructional practices adopted by educators but exploration of the significance of educational theory in the development of eclectic programmes remains lacking. This paper outlines the importance of competing theories to autism education, specifically Constructivist and Behavioural theories, and demonstrates how eclectic programmes may be misinformed when educators view approaches through a Constructivist lens. We conclude that it is imperative to interrogate and challenge the theoretical orientations of educators responsible for the development and implementation of comprehensive programmes of education (CEP’s) for young children with autism if we are to bridge the divide between evidence and practice in relation to ASD education. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.07.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Exploring Eclecticism: The impact of educational theory on the development and implementation of comprehensive education programmes (CEP’s) for young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer MCMAHON, Auteur ; Veronica CULLINAN, Auteur . - p.1-12. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.1-12 Mots-clés : Comprehensive education programmes  Eclectic  Applied behaviour analysis  Constructivism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Despite considerable evidence that programmes grounded in Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) should be at the forefront of education and intervention in the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) programmes of an eclectic nature are regularly implemented. Theoretical orientations undoubtedly influence the instructional practices adopted by educators but exploration of the significance of educational theory in the development of eclectic programmes remains lacking. This paper outlines the importance of competing theories to autism education, specifically Constructivist and Behavioural theories, and demonstrates how eclectic programmes may be misinformed when educators view approaches through a Constructivist lens. We conclude that it is imperative to interrogate and challenge the theoretical orientations of educators responsible for the development and implementation of comprehensive programmes of education (CEP’s) for young children with autism if we are to bridge the divide between evidence and practice in relation to ASD education. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.07.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Social anxiety in adult males with autism spectrum disorders / Debbie SPAIN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.13-23 Titre : Social anxiety in adult males with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Malcolm CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Jacqueline SIN, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Martin ANSON, Auteur ; Eddie CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Karen GLASER, Auteur ; Andreina MENDEZ, Auteur ; Karina LOVELL, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.13-23 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum  Social anxiety  Social phobia  Adults  Self-report questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Psychiatric conditions, notably anxiety, commonly co-occur with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method This study investigated self-reported behavioural, cognitive and affective symptoms of social anxiety (SA) in 50 adult males with ASD. Associations between SA, core ASD symptoms and facets of neuropsychological functioning were also examined. Results Twenty-six participants (52%) endorsed levels of SA that exceeded the suggested caseness threshold for social anxiety disorder. Categorical and dimensional data analyses indicated that there were no relationships between SA symptoms, present-state or childhood ASD symptom-severity, or measures of socio-emotional processing in this sample. Conclusions Study findings suggest that severity of SA is not merely a reflection of ASD symptom-severity. Further research is needed to ascertain the prevalence of SA in adult ASD epidemiological samples, and identify causal and maintaining mechanisms for these co-morbid symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Social anxiety in adult males with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Malcolm CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Jacqueline SIN, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Martin ANSON, Auteur ; Eddie CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Karen GLASER, Auteur ; Andreina MENDEZ, Auteur ; Karina LOVELL, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.13-23. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.13-23 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum  Social anxiety  Social phobia  Adults  Self-report questionnaires Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Psychiatric conditions, notably anxiety, commonly co-occur with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method This study investigated self-reported behavioural, cognitive and affective symptoms of social anxiety (SA) in 50 adult males with ASD. Associations between SA, core ASD symptoms and facets of neuropsychological functioning were also examined. Results Twenty-six participants (52%) endorsed levels of SA that exceeded the suggested caseness threshold for social anxiety disorder. Categorical and dimensional data analyses indicated that there were no relationships between SA symptoms, present-state or childhood ASD symptom-severity, or measures of socio-emotional processing in this sample. Conclusions Study findings suggest that severity of SA is not merely a reflection of ASD symptom-severity. Further research is needed to ascertain the prevalence of SA in adult ASD epidemiological samples, and identify causal and maintaining mechanisms for these co-morbid symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Are emotion recognition abilities related to everyday social functioning in ASD? A meta-analysis / Dominic A. TREVISAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.24-42 Titre : Are emotion recognition abilities related to everyday social functioning in ASD? A meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dominic A. TREVISAN, Auteur ; Elina BIRMINGHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.24-42 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Emotion recognition  Meta-analysis  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Most developmental theories of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) emphasize a link between the ability to infer others' emotional states with their everyday social functioning. However, rarely has this association been empirically examined in this population. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively summarize correlations between performance on facial emotion recognition tasks and theoretically related variables broadly related to social functioning and other cognitive abilities. Results Sixty-two correlation coefficients from 27 separate articles met our inclusion criteria. Correlations between the ability to recognize facial expressions (FER) and each category of variables were moderate but significant in the expected direction. FER was positively correlated with age, nonverbal and verbal intelligence, Theory of Mind, and adaptive functioning, and negatively correlated with alexithymia and higher ASD symptoms. Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that FER abilities represent an important social cognitive ability given its relation to real-world social behavior and other characteristics and cognitive abilities. However, the striking lack of studies in this area calls for more research to gain a clearer understanding of the developmental significance of FER, especially in relation to the broader social impairment characteristic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Are emotion recognition abilities related to everyday social functioning in ASD? A meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dominic A. TREVISAN, Auteur ; Elina BIRMINGHAM, Auteur . - p.24-42. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.24-42 Mots-clés : Autism  Emotion recognition  Meta-analysis  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Most developmental theories of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) emphasize a link between the ability to infer others' emotional states with their everyday social functioning. However, rarely has this association been empirically examined in this population. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively summarize correlations between performance on facial emotion recognition tasks and theoretically related variables broadly related to social functioning and other cognitive abilities. Results Sixty-two correlation coefficients from 27 separate articles met our inclusion criteria. Correlations between the ability to recognize facial expressions (FER) and each category of variables were moderate but significant in the expected direction. FER was positively correlated with age, nonverbal and verbal intelligence, Theory of Mind, and adaptive functioning, and negatively correlated with alexithymia and higher ASD symptoms. Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that FER abilities represent an important social cognitive ability given its relation to real-world social behavior and other characteristics and cognitive abilities. However, the striking lack of studies in this area calls for more research to gain a clearer understanding of the developmental significance of FER, especially in relation to the broader social impairment characteristic of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

A qualitative study of noise sensitivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Jason LANDON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.43-52 Titre : A qualitative study of noise sensitivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jason LANDON, Auteur ; Daniel SHEPHERD, Auteur ; Veema LODHIA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.43-52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Noise sensitivity  Adults  Auditory processing  Qualitative Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may respond to environmental stimuli more intensely and less conventionally than typical peers. Research has generally focused on sensory sensitivity broadly, rather than individual modalities. Thus, experiences of noise sensitivity (NS) have not been specifically documented in detail. This study documents the experiences of NS in adults with ASD. Method Semi-structured interviews were undertaken and recorded with 10 participants. The resultant data were analysed using a descriptive thematic approach to summarise the patterns in the participants’ experiences. Results The analysis identified four themes emphasising the unique way those with ASD experience sound, and the impacts of noise sensitivity on them. Conclusions Documenting experiences such as these is an important early step towards a better understanding and hence supporting those negatively experiencing sound. The present results are both useful for those affected and those working with them, in terms of developing improved methods of coping and clinical interventions. The results are also consistent with recent neurophysiological research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] A qualitative study of noise sensitivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jason LANDON, Auteur ; Daniel SHEPHERD, Auteur ; Veema LODHIA, Auteur . - p.43-52. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.43-52 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Noise sensitivity  Adults  Auditory processing  Qualitative Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may respond to environmental stimuli more intensely and less conventionally than typical peers. Research has generally focused on sensory sensitivity broadly, rather than individual modalities. Thus, experiences of noise sensitivity (NS) have not been specifically documented in detail. This study documents the experiences of NS in adults with ASD. Method Semi-structured interviews were undertaken and recorded with 10 participants. The resultant data were analysed using a descriptive thematic approach to summarise the patterns in the participants’ experiences. Results The analysis identified four themes emphasising the unique way those with ASD experience sound, and the impacts of noise sensitivity on them. Conclusions Documenting experiences such as these is an important early step towards a better understanding and hence supporting those negatively experiencing sound. The present results are both useful for those affected and those working with them, in terms of developing improved methods of coping and clinical interventions. The results are also consistent with recent neurophysiological research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Comprehension and generation of metaphors by children with autism spectrum disorder / Anat KASIRER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.53-63 Titre : Comprehension and generation of metaphors by children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anat KASIRER, Auteur ; Nira MASHAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.53-63 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Novel metaphors  Executive functions  Metaphor generation  Creativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often associated with reduced figurative language processing. However, recent findings suggest that individuals with ASD are not necessarily impaired in comprehension and generation of novel metaphors relative to typically developing (TD) individuals. The current study expands previous research (Kasirer & Mashal, 2014) findings by examining the comprehension and the generation of metaphors in children with ASD. Method The sample included 34 children with ASD and 39 TD age – matched peers (aged 9–16). A multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of conventional and novel metaphors was used to assess metaphoric comprehension; a concept explanation task was used to test conventional and novel metaphor generation. Results The results indicate that the ASD group understood fewer conventional metaphors than their TD peers. However, no group differences were observed in novel metaphor comprehension task. Furthermore, whereas participants with ASD generated less conventional metaphors they generated more creative and novel metaphors. Conclusion These findings suggest a unique style of thinking with regard to verbal creativity in ASD which occurs already in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Comprehension and generation of metaphors by children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anat KASIRER, Auteur ; Nira MASHAL, Auteur . - p.53-63. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.53-63 Mots-clés : Autism  Novel metaphors  Executive functions  Metaphor generation  Creativity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often associated with reduced figurative language processing. However, recent findings suggest that individuals with ASD are not necessarily impaired in comprehension and generation of novel metaphors relative to typically developing (TD) individuals. The current study expands previous research (Kasirer & Mashal, 2014) findings by examining the comprehension and the generation of metaphors in children with ASD. Method The sample included 34 children with ASD and 39 TD age – matched peers (aged 9–16). A multiple-choice questionnaire consisting of conventional and novel metaphors was used to assess metaphoric comprehension; a concept explanation task was used to test conventional and novel metaphor generation. Results The results indicate that the ASD group understood fewer conventional metaphors than their TD peers. However, no group differences were observed in novel metaphor comprehension task. Furthermore, whereas participants with ASD generated less conventional metaphors they generated more creative and novel metaphors. Conclusion These findings suggest a unique style of thinking with regard to verbal creativity in ASD which occurs already in childhood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.08.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Contextual effects on visual short-term memory in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders / Cristiane SOUZA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.64-69 Titre : Contextual effects on visual short-term memory in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cristiane SOUZA, Auteur ; Moreno I. COCO, Auteur ; Sandra PINHO, Auteur ; Carlos N. FILIPE, Auteur ; Joana C. CARMO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.64-69 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Visual short-term memory  Contextual expectations  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground According to the context blindness hypothesis (Vermeulen, 2012) individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience difficulties in processing contextual information. This study re-evaluates this hypothesis by examining the influence exerted by contextual information on visual short-term memory. Method In a visual short-term memory task, we test high-functioning individuals with ASD (N = 21) and a typically developed (TD) group (N = 25) matched on age, education and IQ. In this task, participants are exposed to scenes (e.g., the photo of a restaurant), then shown a target-object that is manipulated according to its contextual Consistency with the scene (e.g., a loaf of bread versus an iron) and finally asked whether they saw the target-object or not. Results The response accuracy was differentially mediated by the Consistency of the target-object for both the ASD and TD groups. In particular, individuals with ASD experienced more difficulty in identifying an inconsistent target when it was present in the scene. Moreover, when a consistent object was absent from the scene, individuals with ASD were more likely to wrongly state its presence than TD individuals. Conclusions Our results challenge a strict interpretation of the context blindness hypothesis by demonstrating that individuals with ASD are as sensitive as TD individuals to contextual information. Individuals with ASD, however, appear to use contextual information differently than TD individuals, as they seem to rely more on consolidated contextual expectations than the TD group. These findings could drive the development of novel expectancy-based teaching strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Contextual effects on visual short-term memory in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cristiane SOUZA, Auteur ; Moreno I. COCO, Auteur ; Sandra PINHO, Auteur ; Carlos N. FILIPE, Auteur ; Joana C. CARMO, Auteur . - p.64-69. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.64-69 Mots-clés : Visual short-term memory  Contextual expectations  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground According to the context blindness hypothesis (Vermeulen, 2012) individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience difficulties in processing contextual information. This study re-evaluates this hypothesis by examining the influence exerted by contextual information on visual short-term memory. Method In a visual short-term memory task, we test high-functioning individuals with ASD (N = 21) and a typically developed (TD) group (N = 25) matched on age, education and IQ. In this task, participants are exposed to scenes (e.g., the photo of a restaurant), then shown a target-object that is manipulated according to its contextual Consistency with the scene (e.g., a loaf of bread versus an iron) and finally asked whether they saw the target-object or not. Results The response accuracy was differentially mediated by the Consistency of the target-object for both the ASD and TD groups. In particular, individuals with ASD experienced more difficulty in identifying an inconsistent target when it was present in the scene. Moreover, when a consistent object was absent from the scene, individuals with ASD were more likely to wrongly state its presence than TD individuals. Conclusions Our results challenge a strict interpretation of the context blindness hypothesis by demonstrating that individuals with ASD are as sensitive as TD individuals to contextual information. Individuals with ASD, however, appear to use contextual information differently than TD individuals, as they seem to rely more on consolidated contextual expectations than the TD group. These findings could drive the development of novel expectancy-based teaching strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

The relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with autism spectrum disorder / Danielle UNG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.70-79 Titre : The relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle UNG, Auteur ; Nicole MCBRIDE, Auteur ; Amanda COLLIER, Auteur ; Robert SELLES, Auteur ; Brent SMALL, Auteur ; Vicky PHARES, Auteur ; Eric STORCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.70-79 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Victimization  Bullying  Autism  Social support  Anxiety  Depression  Loneliness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently victimized. Acts of peer victimization of youth with ASD can lead to the development of detrimental and maladaptive behavioral problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with ASD. Method Study participants were 81 school-aged youth with ASD between the ages of 9 and 17 years and had an intelligence quotient (IQ) ? 70 and their parents. Participants completed questionnaires examining the frequency of peer victimization and clinical characteristics of the youth. Results Victimization had a significant positive relationship with child’s loneliness and anxiety and depressive symptoms, and a significant negative relationship with social skills. The relationship between victimization and these symptoms did not significantly vary as a function of social support. The relationship between victimization and social avoidance was not mediated by a fear of negative evaluation. Conclusions These results may assist in identifying risk factors for peer victimization in youth with ASD and may help to shape treatment protocols by targeting the associated factors of peer victimization (e.g., anxiety and depressive symptoms, social skill deficits). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] The relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle UNG, Auteur ; Nicole MCBRIDE, Auteur ; Amanda COLLIER, Auteur ; Robert SELLES, Auteur ; Brent SMALL, Auteur ; Vicky PHARES, Auteur ; Eric STORCH, Auteur . - p.70-79. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.70-79 Mots-clés : Victimization  Bullying  Autism  Social support  Anxiety  Depression  Loneliness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently victimized. Acts of peer victimization of youth with ASD can lead to the development of detrimental and maladaptive behavioral problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between peer victimization and the psychological characteristics of youth with ASD. Method Study participants were 81 school-aged youth with ASD between the ages of 9 and 17 years and had an intelligence quotient (IQ) ? 70 and their parents. Participants completed questionnaires examining the frequency of peer victimization and clinical characteristics of the youth. Results Victimization had a significant positive relationship with child’s loneliness and anxiety and depressive symptoms, and a significant negative relationship with social skills. The relationship between victimization and these symptoms did not significantly vary as a function of social support. The relationship between victimization and social avoidance was not mediated by a fear of negative evaluation. Conclusions These results may assist in identifying risk factors for peer victimization in youth with ASD and may help to shape treatment protocols by targeting the associated factors of peer victimization (e.g., anxiety and depressive symptoms, social skill deficits). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Can we accelerate autism discoveries through crowdsourcing? / Maude M. DAVID in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.80-83 Titre : Can we accelerate autism discoveries through crowdsourcing? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Maude M. DAVID, Auteur ; Brooke A. BABINEAU, Auteur ; Dennis P. WALL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.80-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autism spectrum disorder  Genome-environment interactions  Crowdsourcing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism is a dramatically expanding public health challenge. The search for genomic variants underlying the disease concomitantly accelerated over the last 5 years, leading to a general consensus that genetics can explain between 40% and 60% of the symptomatic variability seen in autism. This stresses both an urgent need to continue devoting resources to the search for genetic etiologies that define the forms of autism, and an equal need for attention to the interactive roles of the environment. While some environmental factors have been investigated, few studies have attempted to elucidate the combination and interplay between gene and environment to gain clear understanding of the mechanisms by which environmental factors interact with genetic susceptibilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Due to financial constraints as well as recruitment protocols limited by geography, such studies have been challenging to implement. We discuss here how crowdsourcing approaches can overcome these limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Can we accelerate autism discoveries through crowdsourcing? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Maude M. DAVID, Auteur ; Brooke A. BABINEAU, Auteur ; Dennis P. WALL, Auteur . - p.80-83. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.80-83 Mots-clés : Autism  Autism spectrum disorder  Genome-environment interactions  Crowdsourcing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism is a dramatically expanding public health challenge. The search for genomic variants underlying the disease concomitantly accelerated over the last 5 years, leading to a general consensus that genetics can explain between 40% and 60% of the symptomatic variability seen in autism. This stresses both an urgent need to continue devoting resources to the search for genetic etiologies that define the forms of autism, and an equal need for attention to the interactive roles of the environment. While some environmental factors have been investigated, few studies have attempted to elucidate the combination and interplay between gene and environment to gain clear understanding of the mechanisms by which environmental factors interact with genetic susceptibilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Due to financial constraints as well as recruitment protocols limited by geography, such studies have been challenging to implement. We discuss here how crowdsourcing approaches can overcome these limitations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

ADOS-2 Toddler and Module 1 standardized severity scores as used by community practitioners / Darren HEDLEY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.84-95 Titre : ADOS-2 Toddler and Module 1 standardized severity scores as used by community practitioners Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur ; James A. MULICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.84-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism diagnostic observation schedule  Autism spectrum disorder  Calibrated severity score  Diagnosis  Severity  Toddler Module  Externalizing  Internalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) is a diagnostic instrument which forms part of the recommended “gold standard” for the assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), however raw scores are affected by age, development and language level. Standardized calibrated severity scores (CSS), unlike raw scores, provide a relative metric of the severity of autism-specific symptoms. A CSS has recently been developed for the ADOS-2 Toddler Module, which can be used in children aged 12–30 months. The utility of this new algorithm has yet to be examined in an independent sample, and few studies have examined the ADOS-2 as used by community practitioners, rather than in a research environment. Method Total and domain standardized CSS for the ADOS-2 Toddler Module and Module 1 were examined in an independent, community based sample of 125 young children aged 20–47 months with a diagnosis of ASD, and in a comparison sample of children with nonspectrum diagnoses. Results The CSS was more uniformly distributed when compared to raw scores across age and language groups, and less influenced by participant characteristics, including verbal DQ. Younger non-verbal participants returned higher CSS, suggestive of overlap with developmental and language level. Increased CSS in younger, nonverbal children may also reflect greater severity, thereby leading to earlier referral. The Child Behavior Checklist externalizing score emerged as an independent predictor of ASD symptom severity. Conclusions These results offer tentative support for the introduction of the Toddler Module CSS into community practice; however caution in the interpretation of the score in younger, nonverbal children is urged. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] ADOS-2 Toddler and Module 1 standardized severity scores as used by community practitioners [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur ; James A. MULICK, Auteur . - p.84-95. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.84-95 Mots-clés : Autism diagnostic observation schedule  Autism spectrum disorder  Calibrated severity score  Diagnosis  Severity  Toddler Module  Externalizing  Internalizing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) is a diagnostic instrument which forms part of the recommended “gold standard” for the assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), however raw scores are affected by age, development and language level. Standardized calibrated severity scores (CSS), unlike raw scores, provide a relative metric of the severity of autism-specific symptoms. A CSS has recently been developed for the ADOS-2 Toddler Module, which can be used in children aged 12–30 months. The utility of this new algorithm has yet to be examined in an independent sample, and few studies have examined the ADOS-2 as used by community practitioners, rather than in a research environment. Method Total and domain standardized CSS for the ADOS-2 Toddler Module and Module 1 were examined in an independent, community based sample of 125 young children aged 20–47 months with a diagnosis of ASD, and in a comparison sample of children with nonspectrum diagnoses. Results The CSS was more uniformly distributed when compared to raw scores across age and language groups, and less influenced by participant characteristics, including verbal DQ. Younger non-verbal participants returned higher CSS, suggestive of overlap with developmental and language level. Increased CSS in younger, nonverbal children may also reflect greater severity, thereby leading to earlier referral. The Child Behavior Checklist externalizing score emerged as an independent predictor of ASD symptom severity. Conclusions These results offer tentative support for the introduction of the Toddler Module CSS into community practice; however caution in the interpretation of the score in younger, nonverbal children is urged. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Two-dimensional analysis of the supragranular layers in autism spectrum disorder / Aaron T. KARST in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.96-105 Titre : Two-dimensional analysis of the supragranular layers in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aaron T. KARST, Auteur ; Jeffrey J. HUTSLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.96-105 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Cerebral cortex  Neuroanatomy  Supragranular Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Neurons in the supragranular layers of the human cerebral cortex play an important role in long-range cortico-cortical connections. Alterations to these layers are of special interest in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as they could play a significant role in altered connectivity between distal regions of cortex. The present study isolated sampling boxes through the use of an automated boundary identification technique. A two-dimensional analysis of the Nissl-stained tissue was then performed to examine whether differences in cell size and number are present in ASD tissue. The analysis focused on layers II and III of association cortex sampled from frontal (BA9), temporal (BA21), and parietal (BA7) regions. In previous studies, both BA9 and BA21 have been linked to alterations in cortical connectivity in ASD. Aside from the expected differences between cortical layers and regions, data analysis revealed that ASD tissue possessed a higher density of cells, the magnitude of which was layer dependent, and that the cell profiles were of a smaller size. The results of this study suggest that cellular abnormalities with respect to cell size and number are present in multiple areas of association cortex, specifically within layers that are involved in long-range connectivity. Additionally, the results comport with previous findings of altered cortical minicolumns in frontal and temporal areas and further suggest that similar irregularities may also be present in parietal areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Two-dimensional analysis of the supragranular layers in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aaron T. KARST, Auteur ; Jeffrey J. HUTSLER, Auteur . - p.96-105. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.96-105 Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Cerebral cortex  Neuroanatomy  Supragranular Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Neurons in the supragranular layers of the human cerebral cortex play an important role in long-range cortico-cortical connections. Alterations to these layers are of special interest in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as they could play a significant role in altered connectivity between distal regions of cortex. The present study isolated sampling boxes through the use of an automated boundary identification technique. A two-dimensional analysis of the Nissl-stained tissue was then performed to examine whether differences in cell size and number are present in ASD tissue. The analysis focused on layers II and III of association cortex sampled from frontal (BA9), temporal (BA21), and parietal (BA7) regions. In previous studies, both BA9 and BA21 have been linked to alterations in cortical connectivity in ASD. Aside from the expected differences between cortical layers and regions, data analysis revealed that ASD tissue possessed a higher density of cells, the magnitude of which was layer dependent, and that the cell profiles were of a smaller size. The results of this study suggest that cellular abnormalities with respect to cell size and number are present in multiple areas of association cortex, specifically within layers that are involved in long-range connectivity. Additionally, the results comport with previous findings of altered cortical minicolumns in frontal and temporal areas and further suggest that similar irregularities may also be present in parietal areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Parental maltreatment of children with autism spectrum disorder: A developmental-ecological analysis / Kevin Ka Shing CHAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.106-114 Titre : Parental maltreatment of children with autism spectrum disorder: A developmental-ecological analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kevin Ka Shing CHAN, Auteur ; Chun Bun LAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.106-114 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Child abuse  Child maltreatment  Aggression  Parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Although children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to be exposed to harsh parental discipline, research on this issue is scarce. In particular, few studies have examined the risk factors for harsh parental discipline in this population. We responded to this gap in the literature by testing multiple individual and environmental factors as potential predictors of parental psychological aggression and physical assault toward children with ASD. Guided by a developmental-ecological perspective, we hypothesized that harsh parental discipline would be shaped by the characteristics of the child (symptom severity), the parent (parenting stress), the family (economic pressure), and the broader context (discrimination in the community). Method A total of 424 Hong Kong parents of children with ASD completed standardized questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analyses. Results At the bivariate level, child symptom severity, parenting stress, family economic pressure, and experienced discrimination were positively associated with parental psychological aggression. Moreover, child symptom severity and parenting stress were positively associated with parental physical assault. At the multivariate level, parenting stress was significantly related to psychological aggression, while child symptom severity and parenting stress were significantly related to physical assault. Mediation analyses further demonstrated that psychological aggression partially mediated the effect of parenting stress on physical assault. Conclusions Theoretically, our findings contributed to our understanding of the origin of harsh parenting practices toward children with ASD. Practically, our findings provided insights about ways to identify high-risk families and to develop effective child maltreatment intervention programs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Parental maltreatment of children with autism spectrum disorder: A developmental-ecological analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kevin Ka Shing CHAN, Auteur ; Chun Bun LAM, Auteur . - p.106-114. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.106-114 Mots-clés : Autism  Child abuse  Child maltreatment  Aggression  Parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Although children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to be exposed to harsh parental discipline, research on this issue is scarce. In particular, few studies have examined the risk factors for harsh parental discipline in this population. We responded to this gap in the literature by testing multiple individual and environmental factors as potential predictors of parental psychological aggression and physical assault toward children with ASD. Guided by a developmental-ecological perspective, we hypothesized that harsh parental discipline would be shaped by the characteristics of the child (symptom severity), the parent (parenting stress), the family (economic pressure), and the broader context (discrimination in the community). Method A total of 424 Hong Kong parents of children with ASD completed standardized questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analyses. Results At the bivariate level, child symptom severity, parenting stress, family economic pressure, and experienced discrimination were positively associated with parental psychological aggression. Moreover, child symptom severity and parenting stress were positively associated with parental physical assault. At the multivariate level, parenting stress was significantly related to psychological aggression, while child symptom severity and parenting stress were significantly related to physical assault. Mediation analyses further demonstrated that psychological aggression partially mediated the effect of parenting stress on physical assault. Conclusions Theoretically, our findings contributed to our understanding of the origin of harsh parenting practices toward children with ASD. Practically, our findings provided insights about ways to identify high-risk families and to develop effective child maltreatment intervention programs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Influences on the psychosocial adjustment of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder in Taiwan and the United Kingdom / Hsiao-Wei Joy TSAI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.115-129 Titre : Influences on the psychosocial adjustment of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder in Taiwan and the United Kingdom Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hsiao-Wei Joy TSAI, Auteur ; Katie CEBULA, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.115-129 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Typically developing sibling  Cross-culture  Adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The present paper examined the psychosocial adjustment of typically developing (TD) siblings of children with ASD and the extent to which this is impacted by key demographic and psychosocial variables. A cross-cultural perspective was adopted to compare influences on coping and adjustment in Taiwan and the United Kingdom (UK). Method 155 mother-TD sibling dyads participated, 80 in Taiwan and 75 in the UK. Participants reported by questionnaire on family demographics, symptom severity of the child with ASD, TD siblings’ life events, subjective well-being, social support, coping strategies, parent and sibling Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) level and adjustment outcome. Results According to their self-report, TD siblings’ in Taiwan were fairly well adjusted, while slightly elevated difficulties were found in the UK sample, with peer problems the biggest concern. Impact of life experience, sibling coping, and social support were related to adjustment in both countries, but with different coping styles important in the two countries. In the UK, parents’ coping style and siblings’ own BAP level also contributed to outcome. Some differences between Taiwan and the UK samples may result from culturally-specific patterns in evaluation of child behaviours. Conclusions The findings from this large-scale questionnaire study have implications for clinical practice. UK siblings’ adjustment might be enhanced via intervention on parent coping style, while Taiwanese siblings may be better supported through promotion of their own coping. Health professionals should be aware of the influence of BAP levels in parents and TD siblings, which might change the way they experience stress and respond under pressure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Influences on the psychosocial adjustment of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder in Taiwan and the United Kingdom [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hsiao-Wei Joy TSAI, Auteur ; Katie CEBULA, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur . - p.115-129. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.115-129 Mots-clés : Autism  Typically developing sibling  Cross-culture  Adjustment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The present paper examined the psychosocial adjustment of typically developing (TD) siblings of children with ASD and the extent to which this is impacted by key demographic and psychosocial variables. A cross-cultural perspective was adopted to compare influences on coping and adjustment in Taiwan and the United Kingdom (UK). Method 155 mother-TD sibling dyads participated, 80 in Taiwan and 75 in the UK. Participants reported by questionnaire on family demographics, symptom severity of the child with ASD, TD siblings’ life events, subjective well-being, social support, coping strategies, parent and sibling Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) level and adjustment outcome. Results According to their self-report, TD siblings’ in Taiwan were fairly well adjusted, while slightly elevated difficulties were found in the UK sample, with peer problems the biggest concern. Impact of life experience, sibling coping, and social support were related to adjustment in both countries, but with different coping styles important in the two countries. In the UK, parents’ coping style and siblings’ own BAP level also contributed to outcome. Some differences between Taiwan and the UK samples may result from culturally-specific patterns in evaluation of child behaviours. Conclusions The findings from this large-scale questionnaire study have implications for clinical practice. UK siblings’ adjustment might be enhanced via intervention on parent coping style, while Taiwanese siblings may be better supported through promotion of their own coping. Health professionals should be aware of the influence of BAP levels in parents and TD siblings, which might change the way they experience stress and respond under pressure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Emotional and behavioral functioning of typically-developing sisters of children with autism spectrum disorder: The roles of ASD severity, parental stress, and marital status / Theodore S. TOMENY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.130-142 Titre : Emotional and behavioral functioning of typically-developing sisters of children with autism spectrum disorder: The roles of ASD severity, parental stress, and marital status Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Theodore S. TOMENY, Auteur ; Lorien K. BAKER, Auteur ; Tammy D. BARRY, Auteur ; Sophia W. ELDRED, Auteur ; James A. RANKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.130-142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Sisters  Siblings  Marital status  Parental stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Research has shown varied outcomes for typically-developing (TD) siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), suggesting that some emotional and behavioral difficulties may occur only under specific conditions. In addition to characteristics of the children with ASD, family contextual factors may also predict sibling adjustment. Method This study examined parent marital status and parental stress as moderators of the relation between ASD siblings’ symptom severity and emotional and behavioral adjustment in 56 TD sisters via self- and parent-report. Results At moderate and high levels of parental stress, TD sisters with siblings with relatively severe ASD symptomatology and with unmarried parents reported the highest levels of emotional and behavioral difficulties. Yet, TD sisters with siblings with relatively less severe ASD symptomatology and with unmarried parents reported the lowest levels of challenging behaviors and emotional symptoms. Conclusions These findings indicate that clinicians treating families of children with relatively severe ASD and unmarried parents should be particularly cognizant of the functioning of TD sisters. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Emotional and behavioral functioning of typically-developing sisters of children with autism spectrum disorder: The roles of ASD severity, parental stress, and marital status [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Theodore S. TOMENY, Auteur ; Lorien K. BAKER, Auteur ; Tammy D. BARRY, Auteur ; Sophia W. ELDRED, Auteur ; James A. RANKIN, Auteur . - p.130-142. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.130-142 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Sisters  Siblings  Marital status  Parental stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Research has shown varied outcomes for typically-developing (TD) siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), suggesting that some emotional and behavioral difficulties may occur only under specific conditions. In addition to characteristics of the children with ASD, family contextual factors may also predict sibling adjustment. Method This study examined parent marital status and parental stress as moderators of the relation between ASD siblings’ symptom severity and emotional and behavioral adjustment in 56 TD sisters via self- and parent-report. Results At moderate and high levels of parental stress, TD sisters with siblings with relatively severe ASD symptomatology and with unmarried parents reported the highest levels of emotional and behavioral difficulties. Yet, TD sisters with siblings with relatively less severe ASD symptomatology and with unmarried parents reported the lowest levels of challenging behaviors and emotional symptoms. Conclusions These findings indicate that clinicians treating families of children with relatively severe ASD and unmarried parents should be particularly cognizant of the functioning of TD sisters. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.09.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296

Using the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) disentangle the heterogeneity of autistic traits in an Italian eating disorder population / David VAGNI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 32 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.143-155 Titre : Using the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) disentangle the heterogeneity of autistic traits in an Italian eating disorder population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David VAGNI, Auteur ; Davide MOSCONE, Auteur ; Sara TRAVAGLIONE, Auteur ; Armando COTUGNO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.143-155 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : RAADS  AQ  Female  Autism  Eating disorders  Diagnosis  Asperger  Anorexia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground In recent years it has been suggested that eating disorders (ED) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) could share common difficulties and cognitive style. Recent epidemiological studies found that about 25% of women with anorexia nervosa (AN) reached the cut-off in screening questionnaires for ASD. The present study aimed to assess the heterogeneity of ASD traits in an ED population and extend previous results to ED other than AN in the DSM-5 era. Methods We assessed all new outpatients (N = 71) aged 15 or older, admitted over an 8-month period to a specialized ED hospital ward. After admission, they completed two self-report questionnaires, and received a clinical assessment for ASD, supported by the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale Revised (RAADS-R) used as a structured clinical interview. The responses to each of the items, subscales, full scales and DSM-5 criteria were examined separately for discriminatory power between patients with high ASD traits (HAST) and low ASD traits (LAST). Results Thirty-three percent of patients with ED (20% with narrowly defined AN) were classified as HAST, with no significant difference between the ED categories. Using RAADS-R, there was a high agreement among our modified algorithm, clinical judgment and DSM-5 criteria. The distribution of traits was indicative of two distinct populations with specific sets of traits clustering in the two groups. Conclusions If routinely undertaken, RAADS-R could be useful to disentangle the heterogeneity present in patients with ED. Separating the HAST and LAST groups could be useful for both clinical and research purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296 [article] Using the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) disentangle the heterogeneity of autistic traits in an Italian eating disorder population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David VAGNI, Auteur ; Davide MOSCONE, Auteur ; Sara TRAVAGLIONE, Auteur ; Armando COTUGNO, Auteur . - p.143-155. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 32 (December 2016) . - p.143-155 Mots-clés : RAADS  AQ  Female  Autism  Eating disorders  Diagnosis  Asperger  Anorexia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground In recent years it has been suggested that eating disorders (ED) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) could share common difficulties and cognitive style. Recent epidemiological studies found that about 25% of women with anorexia nervosa (AN) reached the cut-off in screening questionnaires for ASD. The present study aimed to assess the heterogeneity of ASD traits in an ED population and extend previous results to ED other than AN in the DSM-5 era. Methods We assessed all new outpatients (N = 71) aged 15 or older, admitted over an 8-month period to a specialized ED hospital ward. After admission, they completed two self-report questionnaires, and received a clinical assessment for ASD, supported by the Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale Revised (RAADS-R) used as a structured clinical interview. The responses to each of the items, subscales, full scales and DSM-5 criteria were examined separately for discriminatory power between patients with high ASD traits (HAST) and low ASD traits (LAST). Results Thirty-three percent of patients with ED (20% with narrowly defined AN) were classified as HAST, with no significant difference between the ED categories. Using RAADS-R, there was a high agreement among our modified algorithm, clinical judgment and DSM-5 criteria. The distribution of traits was indicative of two distinct populations with specific sets of traits clustering in the two groups. Conclusions If routinely undertaken, RAADS-R could be useful to disentangle the heterogeneity present in patients with ED. Separating the HAST and LAST groups could be useful for both clinical and research purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.10.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=296