Dépouillements

Editorial: The shape of the nosology to come in developmental psychopathology / Joel T. NIGG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.397-399 Titre : Editorial: The shape of the nosology to come in developmental psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joel T. NIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.397-399 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nosology  developmental psychopathology  shared biological dimensions  RDoC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The field has embarked on an effort to better integrate neurobiological and psychological dimensions of functioning with putative psychopathological syndromes. If successful, this effort aims to be a turning point as impactful as the change, a century ago, away from the study of symptom dimensions and toward the study of psychopathological syndromes. New statistical and neurobiological methods and findings hold considerable promise in this regard, and several papers in the present issue underscore these ongoing and important new directions. For this proposed direction to succeed, however, three guiding principles are necessary. First, the syndromal approach must continue to be viewed as provisional, and not reified. Second, in contrast, individual dimensions of neurobiology, psychology, personality, or symptoms should not be decontextualized but considered in relation to other traits and dimensions, syndromal configurations. Major clinical syndromes cannot be ignored. Third, following the Kraepelian insights of a century ago in addition to the more recent insights of developmental psychopathlogy, trait and dimension aspects of psychopathology need to be understood in their developmental context. Whether an integrated dimensional-categorical-developmental understanding of psychopathology can be extended to the entire nosology or only parts of it remains to be seen. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Editorial: The shape of the nosology to come in developmental psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joel T. NIGG, Auteur . - p.397-399. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.397-399 Mots-clés : Nosology  developmental psychopathology  shared biological dimensions  RDoC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The field has embarked on an effort to better integrate neurobiological and psychological dimensions of functioning with putative psychopathological syndromes. If successful, this effort aims to be a turning point as impactful as the change, a century ago, away from the study of symptom dimensions and toward the study of psychopathological syndromes. New statistical and neurobiological methods and findings hold considerable promise in this regard, and several papers in the present issue underscore these ongoing and important new directions. For this proposed direction to succeed, however, three guiding principles are necessary. First, the syndromal approach must continue to be viewed as provisional, and not reified. Second, in contrast, individual dimensions of neurobiology, psychology, personality, or symptoms should not be decontextualized but considered in relation to other traits and dimensions, syndromal configurations. Major clinical syndromes cannot be ignored. Third, following the Kraepelian insights of a century ago in addition to the more recent insights of developmental psychopathlogy, trait and dimension aspects of psychopathology need to be understood in their developmental context. Whether an integrated dimensional-categorical-developmental understanding of psychopathology can be extended to the entire nosology or only parts of it remains to be seen. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Research Review: Functional brain connectivity and child psychopathology – overview and methodological considerations for investigators new to the field / Marguerite MATTHEWS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.400-414 Titre : Research Review: Functional brain connectivity and child psychopathology – overview and methodological considerations for investigators new to the field Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marguerite MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.400-414 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : fMRI  functional connectivity  machine learning  neuropsychiatric disorders  resting-state networks  child psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Functional connectivity MRI is an emerging technique that can be used to investigate typical and atypical brain function in developing and aging populations. Despite some of the current confounds in the field of functional connectivity MRI, the translational potential of the technique available to investigators may eventually be used to improve diagnosis, early disease detection, and therapy monitoring. Method and Scope Based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, this review offers an introduction of resting-state functional connectivity for new investigators to the field of resting-state functional connectivity. We discuss a brief history of the technique, various methods of analysis, the relationship of functional networks to behavior, as well as the translational potential of functional connectivity MRI to investigate neuropsychiatric disorders. We also address some considerations and limitations with data analysis and interpretation. Conclusions The information provided in this review should serve as a foundation for investigators new to the field of resting-state functional connectivity. The discussion provides a means to better understand functional connectivity and its application to typical and atypical brain function. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12335 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Research Review: Functional brain connectivity and child psychopathology – overview and methodological considerations for investigators new to the field [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marguerite MATTHEWS, Auteur ; Damien A. FAIR, Auteur . - p.400-414. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.400-414 Mots-clés : fMRI  functional connectivity  machine learning  neuropsychiatric disorders  resting-state networks  child psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Functional connectivity MRI is an emerging technique that can be used to investigate typical and atypical brain function in developing and aging populations. Despite some of the current confounds in the field of functional connectivity MRI, the translational potential of the technique available to investigators may eventually be used to improve diagnosis, early disease detection, and therapy monitoring. Method and Scope Based on a comprehensive survey of the literature, this review offers an introduction of resting-state functional connectivity for new investigators to the field of resting-state functional connectivity. We discuss a brief history of the technique, various methods of analysis, the relationship of functional networks to behavior, as well as the translational potential of functional connectivity MRI to investigate neuropsychiatric disorders. We also address some considerations and limitations with data analysis and interpretation. Conclusions The information provided in this review should serve as a foundation for investigators new to the field of resting-state functional connectivity. The discussion provides a means to better understand functional connectivity and its application to typical and atypical brain function. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12335 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Criterion validity of the general factor of psychopathology in a prospective study of girls / Benjamin B. LAHEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.415-422 Titre : Criterion validity of the general factor of psychopathology in a prospective study of girls Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Paul J. RATHOUZ, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur ; Rolf LOEBER, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.415-422 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Validity  psychopathology  factor analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The best-fitting model of the structure of common psychopathology often includes a general factor on which all dimensions of psychopathology load. Such a general factor would be important if it reflects etiologies and mechanisms shared by all dimensions of psychopathology. Nonetheless, a viable alternative explanation is that the general factor is partly or wholly a result of common method variance or other systematic measurement biases. Methods To test this alternative explanation, we extracted general, externalizing, and internalizing factor scores using mother-reported symptoms across 5–11 years of age in confirmatory factor analyses of data from a representative longitudinal study of 2,450 girls. Independent associations between the three psychopathology factor scores and teacher-reported criterion variables were estimated in multiple regression, controlling intelligence, and demographic covariates. Results The model including the general factor fit significantly better than a correlated two-factor (internalizing/externalizing) model. The general factor was robustly and independently associated with all measures of teacher-reported school functioning concurrently during childhood and prospectively during adolescence. Conclusions These findings weaken the hypothesis that the general factor of psychopathology in childhood is solely a measurement artifact and support further research on the substantive meaning of the general factor. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Criterion validity of the general factor of psychopathology in a prospective study of girls [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Paul J. RATHOUZ, Auteur ; Kate KEENAN, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur ; Rolf LOEBER, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur . - p.415-422. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.415-422 Mots-clés : Validity  psychopathology  factor analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The best-fitting model of the structure of common psychopathology often includes a general factor on which all dimensions of psychopathology load. Such a general factor would be important if it reflects etiologies and mechanisms shared by all dimensions of psychopathology. Nonetheless, a viable alternative explanation is that the general factor is partly or wholly a result of common method variance or other systematic measurement biases. Methods To test this alternative explanation, we extracted general, externalizing, and internalizing factor scores using mother-reported symptoms across 5–11 years of age in confirmatory factor analyses of data from a representative longitudinal study of 2,450 girls. Independent associations between the three psychopathology factor scores and teacher-reported criterion variables were estimated in multiple regression, controlling intelligence, and demographic covariates. Results The model including the general factor fit significantly better than a correlated two-factor (internalizing/externalizing) model. The general factor was robustly and independently associated with all measures of teacher-reported school functioning concurrently during childhood and prospectively during adolescence. Conclusions These findings weaken the hypothesis that the general factor of psychopathology in childhood is solely a measurement artifact and support further research on the substantive meaning of the general factor. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Aetiological overlap between anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity symptom dimensions in adolescence / Giorgia MICHELINI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.423-431 Titre : Aetiological overlap between anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity symptom dimensions in adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giorgia MICHELINI, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.423-431 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  ADH problems  genetics  twins  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADH) problems are common in adolescence, often co-occur, and are characterised by high heterogeneity in their phenotypic expressions. Although it is known that anxiety and ADH problems correlate, the relationships between subtypes of anxiety and ADH problems have been scarcely investigated. Methods Using a large population sample of adolescent twins and siblings we explored the phenotypic and aetiological association between anxiety subtypes (panic/agoraphobia, separation anxiety, social anxiety, physical injury fears, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and generalised anxiety) and the two ADH dimensions (attention problems and hyperactivity/impulsivity). Both phenotypes were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Results The association between ADH problems and anxiety could be entirely attributed to attention problems, not hyperactivity/impulsivity. Most of the correlations between anxiety subtypes and attention problems showed an approximately equal role of genetic and nonshared environmental factors. Conclusions The high heterogeneity within anxiety and ADH problems should be taken into account in order to better understand comorbidity between them. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12318 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Aetiological overlap between anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity symptom dimensions in adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giorgia MICHELINI, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.423-431. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.423-431 Mots-clés : Anxiety  ADH problems  genetics  twins  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADH) problems are common in adolescence, often co-occur, and are characterised by high heterogeneity in their phenotypic expressions. Although it is known that anxiety and ADH problems correlate, the relationships between subtypes of anxiety and ADH problems have been scarcely investigated. Methods Using a large population sample of adolescent twins and siblings we explored the phenotypic and aetiological association between anxiety subtypes (panic/agoraphobia, separation anxiety, social anxiety, physical injury fears, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and generalised anxiety) and the two ADH dimensions (attention problems and hyperactivity/impulsivity). Both phenotypes were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Results The association between ADH problems and anxiety could be entirely attributed to attention problems, not hyperactivity/impulsivity. Most of the correlations between anxiety subtypes and attention problems showed an approximately equal role of genetic and nonshared environmental factors. Conclusions The high heterogeneity within anxiety and ADH problems should be taken into account in order to better understand comorbidity between them. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12318 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Homotopic connectivity in drug-naïve, first-episode, early-onset schizophrenia / Hui-Jie LI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.432-443 Titre : Homotopic connectivity in drug-naïve, first-episode, early-onset schizophrenia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hui-Jie LI, Auteur ; Yong XU, Auteur ; Ke-Rang ZHANG, Auteur ; Matthew J. HOPTMAN, Auteur ; Xi-Nian ZUO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.432-443 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Resting-state fMRI  early-onset schizophrenia  functional connectivity  interhemispheric connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia has been extensively tested in adults. Recent studies have reported the presence of brain disconnection in younger patients, adding evidence to support the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia. Because of drug confounds in chronic and medicated patients, it has been extremely challenging for researchers to directly investigate abnormalities in the development of connectivity and their role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study aimed to examine functional homotopy – a measure of interhemispheric connection – and its relevance to clinical symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) patients. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 26 first-episode drug-naïve EOS patients (age: 14.5 ± 1.94, 13 males) and 25 matched typically developing controls (TDCs) (age: 14.4 ± 2.97, 13 males). We were mainly concerned with the functional connectivity between any pair of symmetric interhemispheric voxels (i.e., functional homotopy) measured by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Results Early-onset schizophrenia patients exhibited both global and regional VMHC reductions in comparison with TDCs. Reduced VMHC values were observed within the superior temporal cortex and postcentral gyrus. These interhemispheric synchronization deficits were negatively correlated with negative symptom of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Moreover, regions of interest analyses based on left and right clusters of temporal cortex and postcentral gyrus revealed abnormal heterotopic connectivity in EOS patients. Conclusions Our findings provide novel neurodevelopmental evidence for the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia and suggest that these alterations occur early in the course of the disease and are independent of medication status. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Homotopic connectivity in drug-naïve, first-episode, early-onset schizophrenia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hui-Jie LI, Auteur ; Yong XU, Auteur ; Ke-Rang ZHANG, Auteur ; Matthew J. HOPTMAN, Auteur ; Xi-Nian ZUO, Auteur . - p.432-443. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.432-443 Mots-clés : Resting-state fMRI  early-onset schizophrenia  functional connectivity  interhemispheric connectivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia has been extensively tested in adults. Recent studies have reported the presence of brain disconnection in younger patients, adding evidence to support the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia. Because of drug confounds in chronic and medicated patients, it has been extremely challenging for researchers to directly investigate abnormalities in the development of connectivity and their role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study aimed to examine functional homotopy – a measure of interhemispheric connection – and its relevance to clinical symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) patients. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 26 first-episode drug-naïve EOS patients (age: 14.5 ± 1.94, 13 males) and 25 matched typically developing controls (TDCs) (age: 14.4 ± 2.97, 13 males). We were mainly concerned with the functional connectivity between any pair of symmetric interhemispheric voxels (i.e., functional homotopy) measured by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Results Early-onset schizophrenia patients exhibited both global and regional VMHC reductions in comparison with TDCs. Reduced VMHC values were observed within the superior temporal cortex and postcentral gyrus. These interhemispheric synchronization deficits were negatively correlated with negative symptom of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Moreover, regions of interest analyses based on left and right clusters of temporal cortex and postcentral gyrus revealed abnormal heterotopic connectivity in EOS patients. Conclusions Our findings provide novel neurodevelopmental evidence for the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia and suggest that these alterations occur early in the course of the disease and are independent of medication status. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

The effects of a course of intranasal oxytocin on social behaviors in youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial / Adam J. GUASTELLA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.444-452 Titre : The effects of a course of intranasal oxytocin on social behaviors in youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur ; Kylie M. GRAY, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bruce J. TONGE, Auteur ; Ian B. HICKIE, Auteur ; Caroline M. KEATING, Auteur ; Cristina CACCIOTTI-SAIJA, Auteur ; Stewart L. EINFELD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.444-452 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social cognition  neuropeptides  developmental disorder  emotion recognition  placebo-controlled Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is increasing interest in oxytocin as a therapeutic to treat social deficits in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a course of oxytocin nasal spray to improve social behavior in youth with ASD. Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across two Australian university sites between February 2009 and January 2012, 50 male participants aged between 12 and 18 years, with Autistic or Asperger's Disorder, were randomized to receive either oxytocin (n = 26) or placebo (n = 24) nasal sprays (either 18 or 24 International Units), administered twice-daily for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed at baseline, after 4- and 8-weeks of treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Primary outcomes were change in total scores on the caregiver-completed Social Responsiveness Scale and clinician-ratings on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale. Secondary assessments included caregiver reports of repetitive and other developmental behaviors and social cognition. Clinical trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry www.anzctr.org.au ACTRN12609000513213. Results Participants who received oxytocin showed no benefit following treatment on primary or secondary outcomes. However, caregivers who believed their children received oxytocin reported greater improvements compared to caregivers who believed their child received placebo. Nasal sprays were well tolerated and there was no evidence of increased side effects resulting from oxytocin administration. Conclusions This is the first evaluation of the efficacy for a course of oxytocin treatment for youth with ASD. Although results did not suggest clinical efficacy, further research is needed to explore alternative delivery methods, earlier age of intervention, and the influence of caregiver expectation on treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] The effects of a course of intranasal oxytocin on social behaviors in youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur ; Kylie M. GRAY, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Bruce J. TONGE, Auteur ; Ian B. HICKIE, Auteur ; Caroline M. KEATING, Auteur ; Cristina CACCIOTTI-SAIJA, Auteur ; Stewart L. EINFELD, Auteur . - p.444-452. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.444-452 Mots-clés : Social cognition  neuropeptides  developmental disorder  emotion recognition  placebo-controlled Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There is increasing interest in oxytocin as a therapeutic to treat social deficits in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a course of oxytocin nasal spray to improve social behavior in youth with ASD. Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial across two Australian university sites between February 2009 and January 2012, 50 male participants aged between 12 and 18 years, with Autistic or Asperger's Disorder, were randomized to receive either oxytocin (n = 26) or placebo (n = 24) nasal sprays (either 18 or 24 International Units), administered twice-daily for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed at baseline, after 4- and 8-weeks of treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Primary outcomes were change in total scores on the caregiver-completed Social Responsiveness Scale and clinician-ratings on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale. Secondary assessments included caregiver reports of repetitive and other developmental behaviors and social cognition. Clinical trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry www.anzctr.org.au ACTRN12609000513213. Results Participants who received oxytocin showed no benefit following treatment on primary or secondary outcomes. However, caregivers who believed their children received oxytocin reported greater improvements compared to caregivers who believed their child received placebo. Nasal sprays were well tolerated and there was no evidence of increased side effects resulting from oxytocin administration. Conclusions This is the first evaluation of the efficacy for a course of oxytocin treatment for youth with ASD. Although results did not suggest clinical efficacy, further research is needed to explore alternative delivery methods, earlier age of intervention, and the influence of caregiver expectation on treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis / Erik PETTERSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.453-459 Titre : Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.453-459 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  DSM  birth weight  behavioral genetics  environmental influences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies have found an association between low birth weight and ADHD, but the nature of this relation is unclear. First, it is uncertain whether birth weight is associated with both of the ADHD dimensions, inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Second, it remains uncertain whether the association between birth weight and ADHD symptom severity is confounded by familial factors. Method Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2000 were interviewed for DSM-IV inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms by the Autism – Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory (N = 21,775 twins). Birth weight was collected prospectively through the Medical Birth Registry. We used a within-twin pair design to control for genetic and shared environmental factors. Results Reduced birth weight was significantly associated with a mean increase in total ADHD (? = ?.42; 95% CI: ?.53, ?.30), inattentive (? = ?.26; 95% CI: ?.33, ?.19), and hyperactive-impulsive (? = ?.16; 95% CI: ?.22, ?.10) symptom severity. These results imply that a change of one kilogram of birth weight corresponded to parents rating their child nearly one unit higher (going from “no” to “yes, to some extent” on a given symptom) on the total ADHD scale. These associations remained within pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and were also present when restricting the analyses to full term births. Conclusions There is an independent association between low birth weight and all forms of ADHD symptoms, even after controlling for all environmental and genetic confounds shared within twin pairs. These results indicate that fetal growth restriction (as reflected in birth weight differences within twin pairs) and/or the environmental factors which influence it is in the casual pathway leading to ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Birth weight as an independent predictor of ADHD symptoms: a within-twin pair analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.453-459. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.453-459 Mots-clés : ADHD  DSM  birth weight  behavioral genetics  environmental influences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies have found an association between low birth weight and ADHD, but the nature of this relation is unclear. First, it is uncertain whether birth weight is associated with both of the ADHD dimensions, inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Second, it remains uncertain whether the association between birth weight and ADHD symptom severity is confounded by familial factors. Method Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twins born between 1992 and 2000 were interviewed for DSM-IV inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms by the Autism – Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory (N = 21,775 twins). Birth weight was collected prospectively through the Medical Birth Registry. We used a within-twin pair design to control for genetic and shared environmental factors. Results Reduced birth weight was significantly associated with a mean increase in total ADHD (? = ?.42; 95% CI: ?.53, ?.30), inattentive (? = ?.26; 95% CI: ?.33, ?.19), and hyperactive-impulsive (? = ?.16; 95% CI: ?.22, ?.10) symptom severity. These results imply that a change of one kilogram of birth weight corresponded to parents rating their child nearly one unit higher (going from “no” to “yes, to some extent” on a given symptom) on the total ADHD scale. These associations remained within pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and were also present when restricting the analyses to full term births. Conclusions There is an independent association between low birth weight and all forms of ADHD symptoms, even after controlling for all environmental and genetic confounds shared within twin pairs. These results indicate that fetal growth restriction (as reflected in birth weight differences within twin pairs) and/or the environmental factors which influence it is in the casual pathway leading to ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12299 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Neonatal jaundice and increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a population-based cohort study / Chang-Ching WEI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.460-467 Titre : Neonatal jaundice and increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a population-based cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chang-Ching WEI, Auteur ; Chun-Hung CHANG, Auteur ; Cheng-Li LIN, Auteur ; Shih-Ni CHANG, Auteur ; Tsai-Chung LI, Auteur ; Chia-Hung KAO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.460-467 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neonatal jaundice  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  population-based cohort study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have posited conflicting results regarding the relationship between neonatal jaundice and the subsequent risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We therefore performed a large population study with a defined neonatal jaundice cohort to investigate the incidence and risk of physician-diagnosed ADHD in Taiwan. Methods From 2000 to 2004, 24,950 neonatal jaundice cases and 69,964 matched nonjaundice controls were identified. At the end of 2008, the incidence rate and hazard ratios (HRs) of physician-diagnosed ADHD were calculated. Results The incidence of ADHD was 2.48-fold greater in the jaundice cohort than in the nonjaundice cohort (3.84 vs. 1.51 per 100,000 person-years) in the study period. The HR of ADHD was substantially greater for male, preterm, and low-birth-weight infants with neonatal jaundice. The risk of developing ADHD in the jaundice cohort was greater after a diagnosis of neonatal jaundice for more than 6 years (HR: 2.64; 95% confidence interval: 2.13–3.28). The risk of ADHD increased for neonates with higher serum bilirubin levels requiring phototherapy and with longer admission days. Conclusion Neonates with jaundice are at high risk for developing physician-diagnosed ADHD during their growth period. A risk alert regarding neurologic consequences is urgently required after a neonatal jaundice diagnosis. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the pathogenesis of these relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Neonatal jaundice and increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a population-based cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chang-Ching WEI, Auteur ; Chun-Hung CHANG, Auteur ; Cheng-Li LIN, Auteur ; Shih-Ni CHANG, Auteur ; Tsai-Chung LI, Auteur ; Chia-Hung KAO, Auteur . - p.460-467. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.460-467 Mots-clés : Neonatal jaundice  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  population-based cohort study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous studies have posited conflicting results regarding the relationship between neonatal jaundice and the subsequent risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We therefore performed a large population study with a defined neonatal jaundice cohort to investigate the incidence and risk of physician-diagnosed ADHD in Taiwan. Methods From 2000 to 2004, 24,950 neonatal jaundice cases and 69,964 matched nonjaundice controls were identified. At the end of 2008, the incidence rate and hazard ratios (HRs) of physician-diagnosed ADHD were calculated. Results The incidence of ADHD was 2.48-fold greater in the jaundice cohort than in the nonjaundice cohort (3.84 vs. 1.51 per 100,000 person-years) in the study period. The HR of ADHD was substantially greater for male, preterm, and low-birth-weight infants with neonatal jaundice. The risk of developing ADHD in the jaundice cohort was greater after a diagnosis of neonatal jaundice for more than 6 years (HR: 2.64; 95% confidence interval: 2.13–3.28). The risk of ADHD increased for neonates with higher serum bilirubin levels requiring phototherapy and with longer admission days. Conclusion Neonates with jaundice are at high risk for developing physician-diagnosed ADHD during their growth period. A risk alert regarding neurologic consequences is urgently required after a neonatal jaundice diagnosis. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the pathogenesis of these relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12303 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

A randomised controlled trial of PEGASUS, a psychoeducational programme for young people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder / Kate GORDON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.468-476 Titre : A randomised controlled trial of PEGASUS, a psychoeducational programme for young people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kate GORDON, Auteur ; Marianna MURIN, Auteur ; Ozlem BAYKANER, Auteur ; Laura ROUGHAN, Auteur ; Vaan LIVERMORE-HARDY, Auteur ; David SKUSE, Auteur ; Will MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.468-476 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  psychoeducation  postdiagnosis  self-awareness  group intervention  randomised control trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychoeducation is an essential component of postdiagnostic care for people with ASD (autism spectrum disorder), but there is currently no evidence base for clinical practice. We designed, manualised and evaluated PEGASUS (psychoeducation group for autism spectrum understanding and support), a group psychoeducational programme aiming to enhance the self-awareness of young people with ASD by teaching them about their diagnosis. Methods This single-blind RCT (randomised control trial) involved 48 young people (9–14 years) with high-functioning ASD. Half were randomly assigned to PEGASUS, administered in six weekly group sessions, with the others receiving no additional intervention. ASD-related self-awareness, the primary outcome, was evaluated using the bespoke Autism Knowledge Quiz (AKQ). Secondary outcome measures included the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. All measures were collected during home visits and scored by researchers blind to group assignment. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials (NCT01187940, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov) and was funded by the Baily Thomas Charitable Trust. Results Bootstrap multiple regression showed ASD knowledge (? = .29, p < .001, 95% CIs [0.13, 0.44]) and ASD self-awareness (? = .42, p = .001, 95% CIs [0.17, 0.67]), measured by number of ASD-related personal strengths and difficulties listed by participants, increased for those who attended PEGASUS (n = 24) compared with controls (n = 24). There was no effect of PEGASUS on self-esteem by self-report (? = .10, p = .404, 95% CIs [?0.14, 0.35]) or parent report (? = .12, p = .324, 95% CIs [?0.12, 0.36]). Conclusions After PEGASUS, participants had more general knowledge about ASD, and showed a greater awareness of their collection of unique strengths and difficulties associated with ASD. Psychoeducation did not lower self-esteem. This RCT provides initial evidence for PEGASUS's efficacy as a psychoeducation programme for people with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] A randomised controlled trial of PEGASUS, a psychoeducational programme for young people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kate GORDON, Auteur ; Marianna MURIN, Auteur ; Ozlem BAYKANER, Auteur ; Laura ROUGHAN, Auteur ; Vaan LIVERMORE-HARDY, Auteur ; David SKUSE, Auteur ; Will MANDY, Auteur . - p.468-476. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.468-476 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  psychoeducation  postdiagnosis  self-awareness  group intervention  randomised control trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Psychoeducation is an essential component of postdiagnostic care for people with ASD (autism spectrum disorder), but there is currently no evidence base for clinical practice. We designed, manualised and evaluated PEGASUS (psychoeducation group for autism spectrum understanding and support), a group psychoeducational programme aiming to enhance the self-awareness of young people with ASD by teaching them about their diagnosis. Methods This single-blind RCT (randomised control trial) involved 48 young people (9–14 years) with high-functioning ASD. Half were randomly assigned to PEGASUS, administered in six weekly group sessions, with the others receiving no additional intervention. ASD-related self-awareness, the primary outcome, was evaluated using the bespoke Autism Knowledge Quiz (AKQ). Secondary outcome measures included the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. All measures were collected during home visits and scored by researchers blind to group assignment. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials (NCT01187940, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov) and was funded by the Baily Thomas Charitable Trust. Results Bootstrap multiple regression showed ASD knowledge (? = .29, p < .001, 95% CIs [0.13, 0.44]) and ASD self-awareness (? = .42, p = .001, 95% CIs [0.17, 0.67]), measured by number of ASD-related personal strengths and difficulties listed by participants, increased for those who attended PEGASUS (n = 24) compared with controls (n = 24). There was no effect of PEGASUS on self-esteem by self-report (? = .10, p = .404, 95% CIs [?0.14, 0.35]) or parent report (? = .12, p = .324, 95% CIs [?0.12, 0.36]). Conclusions After PEGASUS, participants had more general knowledge about ASD, and showed a greater awareness of their collection of unique strengths and difficulties associated with ASD. Psychoeducation did not lower self-esteem. This RCT provides initial evidence for PEGASUS's efficacy as a psychoeducation programme for people with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Atypical neural responses to vocal anger in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Georgia CHRONAKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.477-487 Titre : Atypical neural responses to vocal anger in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Georgia CHRONAKI, Auteur ; Nicholas BENIKOS, Auteur ; Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.477-487 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  conduct disorder  emotion processing  vocal  event-related potential  prosody Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficits in facial emotion processing, reported in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been linked to both early perceptual and later attentional components of event-related potentials (ERPs). However, the neural underpinnings of vocal emotion processing deficits in ADHD have yet to be characterised. Here, we report the first ERP study of vocal affective prosody processing in ADHD. Methods Event-related potentials of 6–11-year-old children with ADHD (n = 25) and typically developing controls (n = 25) were recorded as they completed a task measuring recognition of vocal prosodic stimuli (angry, happy and neutral). Audiometric assessments were conducted to screen for hearing impairments. Results Children with ADHD were less accurate than controls at recognising vocal anger. Relative to controls, they displayed enhanced N100 and attenuated P300 components to vocal anger. The P300 effect was reduced, but remained significant, after controlling for N100 effects by rebaselining. Only the N100 effect was significant when children with ADHD and comorbid conduct disorder (n = 10) were excluded. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence linking ADHD to atypical neural activity during the early perceptual stages of vocal anger processing. These effects may reflect preattentive hyper-vigilance to vocal anger in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Atypical neural responses to vocal anger in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Georgia CHRONAKI, Auteur ; Nicholas BENIKOS, Auteur ; Graeme FAIRCHILD, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.477-487. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.477-487 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  conduct disorder  emotion processing  vocal  event-related potential  prosody Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Deficits in facial emotion processing, reported in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been linked to both early perceptual and later attentional components of event-related potentials (ERPs). However, the neural underpinnings of vocal emotion processing deficits in ADHD have yet to be characterised. Here, we report the first ERP study of vocal affective prosody processing in ADHD. Methods Event-related potentials of 6–11-year-old children with ADHD (n = 25) and typically developing controls (n = 25) were recorded as they completed a task measuring recognition of vocal prosodic stimuli (angry, happy and neutral). Audiometric assessments were conducted to screen for hearing impairments. Results Children with ADHD were less accurate than controls at recognising vocal anger. Relative to controls, they displayed enhanced N100 and attenuated P300 components to vocal anger. The P300 effect was reduced, but remained significant, after controlling for N100 effects by rebaselining. Only the N100 effect was significant when children with ADHD and comorbid conduct disorder (n = 10) were excluded. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence linking ADHD to atypical neural activity during the early perceptual stages of vocal anger processing. These effects may reflect preattentive hyper-vigilance to vocal anger in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12312 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

The development of a measure of maternal cognitive sensitivity appropriate for use in primary care health settings / Heather PRIME in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-4 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.488-495 Titre : The development of a measure of maternal cognitive sensitivity appropriate for use in primary care health settings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heather PRIME, Auteur ; Dillon BROWNE, Auteur ; Emis AKBARI, Auteur ; Mark WADE, Auteur ; Sheri MADIGAN, Auteur ; Jennifer M. JENKINS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.488-495 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maternal responsivity  child cognitive development  parent–child interaction  primary healthcare  thin slice methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parental responsivity is important to children's cognitive and socioemotional development, yet is under-represented in primary healthcare, because the measurement is specialized and time-consuming. Methods The current study developed a measure of maternal cognitive sensitivity (CS), which uses impressionistic ratings based on brief observations of parent–child interaction when children are 3 years old. Results Using data from a longitudinal cohort (Time 1, N = 501), the CS measure had good psychometric properties, was significantly related to a gold-standard maternal responsivity measure, and was predicted by the same socio-demographic factors predictive of other measures of parental responsivity. Finally, a well-established pathway from socioeconomic risk (child age 2 months) to compromised parenting (child age 3 years) to negative child outcome (child age 4.5 years) was demonstrated with CS as the mediator. Conclusion The maternal CS measure is brief, can be easily trained, and takes 8 min to administer and code, making it potentially useful in primary healthcare settings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12322 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] The development of a measure of maternal cognitive sensitivity appropriate for use in primary care health settings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heather PRIME, Auteur ; Dillon BROWNE, Auteur ; Emis AKBARI, Auteur ; Mark WADE, Auteur ; Sheri MADIGAN, Auteur ; Jennifer M. JENKINS, Auteur . - p.488-495. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-4 (April 2015) . - p.488-495 Mots-clés : Maternal responsivity  child cognitive development  parent–child interaction  primary healthcare  thin slice methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parental responsivity is important to children's cognitive and socioemotional development, yet is under-represented in primary healthcare, because the measurement is specialized and time-consuming. Methods The current study developed a measure of maternal cognitive sensitivity (CS), which uses impressionistic ratings based on brief observations of parent–child interaction when children are 3 years old. Results Using data from a longitudinal cohort (Time 1, N = 501), the CS measure had good psychometric properties, was significantly related to a gold-standard maternal responsivity measure, and was predicted by the same socio-demographic factors predictive of other measures of parental responsivity. Finally, a well-established pathway from socioeconomic risk (child age 2 months) to compromised parenting (child age 3 years) to negative child outcome (child age 4.5 years) was demonstrated with CS as the mediator. Conclusion The maternal CS measure is brief, can be easily trained, and takes 8 min to administer and code, making it potentially useful in primary healthcare settings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12322 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260