Autism symptoms in anorexia nervosa: a comparative study with females with autism spectrum disorder / Jess KERR-GAFFNEY in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 47 p. Titre : Autism symptoms in anorexia nervosa: a comparative study with females with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jess KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Daniel HALLS, Auteur ; Dennis MURPHY, Auteur ; Kate TCHANTURIA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 47 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anorexia nervosa  Autism diagnostic observation schedule  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Diagnosis  Screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Recent research suggests a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Individuals with AN show high scores on measures of ASD symptoms, relative to individuals without AN, however, there are currently no studies directly comparing women with AN to women with ASD. The aim of the current study was to examine profiles of ASD symptoms in young women in the acute and recovered stages of AN, women with ASD, and typically developing controls (TD), on both self-report and clinical interview measures. METHODS: Four groups of participants aged 12-30 years were included (n = 218): AN, recovered AN (REC), ASD, and TD. Group differences on the Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition (SRS-2), 10-item Autism Quotient (AQ-10), and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) were examined. To explore similarities and differences in specific symptom profiles associated with AN and ASD, individual item endorsement on the ADOS-2 was also examined in AN, REC, and ASD. RESULTS: Across measures, women with ASD showed the highest scores, and TDs the lowest. Generally, individuals with AN and REC showed intermediate levels of ASD symptoms, scoring between the other two groups. However, AN and ASD did not differ on restricted interests and repetitive behaviour subscales. The ADOS-2 item 'quality of social response' adequately discriminated between ASD and non-ASD participants. LIMITATIONS: A full diagnostic assessment for ASD was not provided for participants with AN/REC, nor were eating disorders assessed in the ASD group. Therefore, some diagnostic overlap between groups is possible. The cross-sectional design is another limitation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest similarities in scores on both self-report and clinical interview measures in AN and ASD. However, individual ADOS-2 item analyses also revealed subtle differences, particularly in reciprocal social interaction. ASD symptoms may be a combination of both state and trait features in AN. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00455-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Autism symptoms in anorexia nervosa: a comparative study with females with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Jess KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emily Jane Harrison JONES, Auteur ; Daniel HALLS, Auteur ; Dennis MURPHY, Auteur ; Kate TCHANTURIA, Auteur . - 47 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 47 p. Mots-clés : Anorexia nervosa  Autism diagnostic observation schedule  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Diagnosis  Screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Recent research suggests a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Individuals with AN show high scores on measures of ASD symptoms, relative to individuals without AN, however, there are currently no studies directly comparing women with AN to women with ASD. The aim of the current study was to examine profiles of ASD symptoms in young women in the acute and recovered stages of AN, women with ASD, and typically developing controls (TD), on both self-report and clinical interview measures. METHODS: Four groups of participants aged 12-30 years were included (n = 218): AN, recovered AN (REC), ASD, and TD. Group differences on the Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition (SRS-2), 10-item Autism Quotient (AQ-10), and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) were examined. To explore similarities and differences in specific symptom profiles associated with AN and ASD, individual item endorsement on the ADOS-2 was also examined in AN, REC, and ASD. RESULTS: Across measures, women with ASD showed the highest scores, and TDs the lowest. Generally, individuals with AN and REC showed intermediate levels of ASD symptoms, scoring between the other two groups. However, AN and ASD did not differ on restricted interests and repetitive behaviour subscales. The ADOS-2 item 'quality of social response' adequately discriminated between ASD and non-ASD participants. LIMITATIONS: A full diagnostic assessment for ASD was not provided for participants with AN/REC, nor were eating disorders assessed in the ASD group. Therefore, some diagnostic overlap between groups is possible. The cross-sectional design is another limitation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest similarities in scores on both self-report and clinical interview measures in AN and ASD. However, individual ADOS-2 item analyses also revealed subtle differences, particularly in reciprocal social interaction. ASD symptoms may be a combination of both state and trait features in AN. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00455-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa / Jess KERR-GAFFNEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2077-2090 Titre : Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jess KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily JONES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Amy HARRISON, Auteur ; Dennis MURPHY, Auteur ; Kate TCHANTURIA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2077-2090 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/psychology  Anorexia Nervosa/psychology  Anxiety/psychology  Attention  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Depression/psychology  Emotions  Eye Movements  Facial Recognition  Female  Humans  Male  Self Report  Time Factors  Young Adult  Anorexia nervosa  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Eye-tracking  Social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with difficulties in social and emotional functioning. A significant proportion of individuals with AN show autistic traits, which may influence social attention. This study examined attention to faces and facial features in AN, recovered AN (REC), and healthy controls, as well as relationships with comorbid psychopathology. One hundred and forty-eight participants' eye movements were tracked while watching a naturalistic social scene. Anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autistic traits were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Participants with AN spent significantly less time looking at faces compared to REC and controls; patterns of attention to individual facial features did not differ across groups. Autistic traits mediated the relationship between group and time spent looking at faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04686-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Autistic Traits Mediate Reductions in Social Attention in Adults with Anorexia Nervosa [texte imprimé] / Jess KERR-GAFFNEY, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily JONES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Amy HARRISON, Auteur ; Dennis MURPHY, Auteur ; Kate TCHANTURIA, Auteur . - p.2077-2090. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2077-2090 Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/psychology  Anorexia Nervosa/psychology  Anxiety/psychology  Attention  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Depression/psychology  Emotions  Eye Movements  Facial Recognition  Female  Humans  Male  Self Report  Time Factors  Young Adult  Anorexia nervosa  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Eye-tracking  Social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with difficulties in social and emotional functioning. A significant proportion of individuals with AN show autistic traits, which may influence social attention. This study examined attention to faces and facial features in AN, recovered AN (REC), and healthy controls, as well as relationships with comorbid psychopathology. One hundred and forty-eight participants' eye movements were tracked while watching a naturalistic social scene. Anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autistic traits were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Participants with AN spent significantly less time looking at faces compared to REC and controls; patterns of attention to individual facial features did not differ across groups. Autistic traits mediated the relationship between group and time spent looking at faces. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04686-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? / C. Ellie WILSON in Autism, 20-7 (October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819 Titre : Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J. Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.808-819 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  females  males  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2 = 4.09; p = 0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ > 70; N = 827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p = 0.001, d = 0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293 [article] Does sex influence the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder in adults? [texte imprimé] / C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; J. Chris OHLSEN, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Jessica FAULKNER, Auteur ; Hatice YILDIRAN, Auteur ; Vaughan BELL, Auteur ; Neil HAMMOND, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.808-819. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-7 (October 2016) . - p.808-819 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  females  males  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is unknown whether sex influences the diagnostic evaluation of autism spectrum disorder, or whether male and female adults within the spectrum have different symptom profiles. This study reports sex differences in clinical outcomes for 1244 adults (935 males and 309 females) referred for autism spectrum disorder assessment. Significantly, more males (72%) than females (66%) were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder of any subtype (x2 = 4.09; p = 0.04). In high-functioning autism spectrum disorder adults (IQ > 70; N = 827), there were no significant sex differences in severity of socio-communicative domain symptoms. Males had significantly more repetitive behaviours/restricted interests than females (p = 0.001, d = 0.3). A multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between autism spectrum disorder subtype (full-autism spectrum disorder/partial-autism spectrum disorder) and sex: in full-autism spectrum disorder, males had more severe socio-communicative symptoms than females; for partial-autism spectrum disorder, the reverse was true. There were no sex differences in prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies. Sex influenced diagnostic evaluation in a clinical sample of adults with suspected autism spectrum disorder. The sexes may present with different manifestations of the autism spectrum disorder phenotype and differences vary by diagnostic subtype. Understanding and awareness of adult female repetitive behaviours/restricted interests warrant attention and sex-specific diagnostic assessment tools may need to be considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315611381 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=293

Facial expression recognition is linked to clinical and neurofunctional differences in autism / Hannah MEYER-LINDENBERG in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 43 p. Titre : Facial expression recognition is linked to clinical and neurofunctional differences in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hannah MEYER-LINDENBERG, Auteur ; Carolin MOESSNANG, Auteur ; Bethany OAKLEY, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jennifer COOKE, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christian F. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Heike TOST, Auteur ; Andreas MEYER-LINDENBERG, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Michael BRAMMER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : 43 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Facial Recognition  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Emotions  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Biomarkers  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Facial Expression  Autism  Autism spectrum disorder  Clustering analysis  Development  Facial expression recognition  Multi-site  Social brain  Stratification biomarkers  fMRI  consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and Servier and has received royalties  from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. TB served in an advisory or  consultancy role for Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH,  Takeda, and Infectopharm. He received conference support or speaker’s fee by  Lilly, Medice, and Takeda. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP  Medien, Oxford University Press  the present work is unrelated to these  relationships. AM-L has received consultant fees in the past two years from  Boehringer Ingelheim, Elsevier, Lundbeck Int. Neuroscience Foundation, Lundbeck  AS, The Wolfson Foundation, Thieme Verlag, Sage Therapeutics, von Behring  Stiftung, Fondation FondaMental, Janssen-Cilag GmbH, MedinCell, Brain Mind  Institute, CISSN. Furthermore, he has received speaker fees from Italian Society  of biological Psychiatry, Merz-Stiftung, Forum Werkstatt Karlsruhe, Lundbeck SAS  France, BAG Psychiatrie Oberbayern. JB has been in the past 3 years a consultant  to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Takeda/Shire, Roche, Medice,  Angelini, Janssen, and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies,  and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial  or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. EL is an  Associate Editor at Molecular Autism. DM has been paid for advisory board work by  F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and Servier, and for editorial work by Springer. The  other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties in social communication are a defining clinical feature of autism. However, the underlying neurobiological heterogeneity has impeded targeted therapies and requires new approaches to identifying clinically relevant bio-behavioural subgroups. In the largest autism cohort to date, we comprehensively examined difficulties in facial expression recognition, a key process in social communication, as a bio-behavioural stratification biomarker, and validated them against clinical features and neurofunctional responses. METHODS: Between 255 and 488 participants aged 6-30 years with autism, typical development and/or mild intellectual disability completed the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces task, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task and/or the Films Expression Task. We first examined mean-group differences on each test. Then, we used a novel intersection approach that compares two centroid and connectivity-based clustering methods to derive subgroups based on the combined performance across the three tasks. Measures and subgroups were then related to clinical features and neurofunctional differences measured using fMRI during a fearful face-matching task. RESULTS: We found significant mean-group differences on each expression recognition test. However, cluster analyses showed that these were driven by a low-performing autistic subgroup (~ 30% of autistic individuals who performed below 2SDs of the neurotypical mean on at least one test), while a larger subgroup (~ 70%) performed within 1SD on at least 2 tests. The low-performing subgroup also had on average significantly more social communication difficulties and lower activation in the amygdala and fusiform gyrus than the high-performing subgroup. LIMITATIONS: Findings of autism expression recognition subgroups and their characteristics require independent replication. This is currently not possible, as there is no other existing dataset that includes all relevant measures. However, we demonstrated high internal robustness (91.6%) of findings between two clustering methods with fundamentally different assumptions, which is a critical pre-condition for independent replication. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a subgroup of autistic individuals with expression recognition difficulties and showed that this related to clinical and neurobiological characteristics. If replicated, expression recognition may serve as bio-behavioural stratification biomarker and aid in the development of targeted interventions for a subgroup of autistic individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00520-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Facial expression recognition is linked to clinical and neurofunctional differences in autism [texte imprimé] / Hannah MEYER-LINDENBERG, Auteur ; Carolin MOESSNANG, Auteur ; Bethany OAKLEY, Auteur ; Jumana AHMAD, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Jennifer COOKE, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Christian F. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Heike TOST, Auteur ; Andreas MEYER-LINDENBERG, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Michael BRAMMER, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur . - 43 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 43 p. Mots-clés : Humans  Facial Recognition  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Emotions  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Biomarkers  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Facial Expression  Autism  Autism spectrum disorder  Clustering analysis  Development  Facial expression recognition  Multi-site  Social brain  Stratification biomarkers  fMRI  consultant to F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and Servier and has received royalties  from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. TB served in an advisory or  consultancy role for Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH,  Takeda, and Infectopharm. He received conference support or speaker’s fee by  Lilly, Medice, and Takeda. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP  Medien, Oxford University Press  the present work is unrelated to these  relationships. AM-L has received consultant fees in the past two years from  Boehringer Ingelheim, Elsevier, Lundbeck Int. Neuroscience Foundation, Lundbeck  AS, The Wolfson Foundation, Thieme Verlag, Sage Therapeutics, von Behring  Stiftung, Fondation FondaMental, Janssen-Cilag GmbH, MedinCell, Brain Mind  Institute, CISSN. Furthermore, he has received speaker fees from Italian Society  of biological Psychiatry, Merz-Stiftung, Forum Werkstatt Karlsruhe, Lundbeck SAS  France, BAG Psychiatrie Oberbayern. JB has been in the past 3 years a consultant  to/member of advisory board of/and/or speaker for Takeda/Shire, Roche, Medice,  Angelini, Janssen, and Servier. He is not an employee of any of these companies,  and not a stock shareholder of any of these companies. He has no other financial  or material support, including expert testimony, patents, royalties. EL is an  Associate Editor at Molecular Autism. DM has been paid for advisory board work by  F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and Servier, and for editorial work by Springer. The  other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties in social communication are a defining clinical feature of autism. However, the underlying neurobiological heterogeneity has impeded targeted therapies and requires new approaches to identifying clinically relevant bio-behavioural subgroups. In the largest autism cohort to date, we comprehensively examined difficulties in facial expression recognition, a key process in social communication, as a bio-behavioural stratification biomarker, and validated them against clinical features and neurofunctional responses. METHODS: Between 255 and 488 participants aged 6-30 years with autism, typical development and/or mild intellectual disability completed the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces task, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task and/or the Films Expression Task. We first examined mean-group differences on each test. Then, we used a novel intersection approach that compares two centroid and connectivity-based clustering methods to derive subgroups based on the combined performance across the three tasks. Measures and subgroups were then related to clinical features and neurofunctional differences measured using fMRI during a fearful face-matching task. RESULTS: We found significant mean-group differences on each expression recognition test. However, cluster analyses showed that these were driven by a low-performing autistic subgroup (~ 30% of autistic individuals who performed below 2SDs of the neurotypical mean on at least one test), while a larger subgroup (~ 70%) performed within 1SD on at least 2 tests. The low-performing subgroup also had on average significantly more social communication difficulties and lower activation in the amygdala and fusiform gyrus than the high-performing subgroup. LIMITATIONS: Findings of autism expression recognition subgroups and their characteristics require independent replication. This is currently not possible, as there is no other existing dataset that includes all relevant measures. However, we demonstrated high internal robustness (91.6%) of findings between two clustering methods with fundamentally different assumptions, which is a critical pre-condition for independent replication. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a subgroup of autistic individuals with expression recognition difficulties and showed that this related to clinical and neurobiological characteristics. If replicated, expression recognition may serve as bio-behavioural stratification biomarker and aid in the development of targeted interventions for a subgroup of autistic individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00520-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings / Teresa DEL BIANCO in Autism, 28-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-5 (May 2024) . - p.1280-1296 Titre : Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Bethany OAKLEY, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Mandy POTTER, Auteur ; Wendy MACKAY, Auteur ; Petrusa SMIT, Auteur ; Carlie DU PLESSIS, Auteur ; Lucy BRINK, Auteur ; Priscilla SPRINGER, Auteur ; Hein ODENDAAL, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark JOHNSON, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1280-1296 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  environmental factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30 years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11 years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. Lay Abstract Autistic individuals are more likely than non-autistic individuals to experience a mental health condition in their lifetime, and this includes externalising and internalising symptoms. We know very little about how different environments and family conditions impact these symptoms for autistic individuals. Improving our understanding of these relationships is important so that we can identify individuals who may be in greater need of support. In this article, we seek to improve our understanding of how environmental and family conditions impact externalising and internalising symptoms in autistic and non-autistic people. To do this, we conducted analyses with two cohorts in very different settings - in Europe and South Africa - to ensure our findings are globally representative. We used advanced statistical methods to establish environmental and family conditions that were similar to each other, and which could be combined into specific 'factors'. We found that four similar 'factors' could be identified in the two cohorts. These were distinguished by personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals, and were named Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources. Interestingly, just 'Family System' was associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and this was the same in both cohorts. We also found that having high traits of autism impacted this relationship between Family System and mental health conditions with opposite directions in the two settings. These results show that characteristics in the Family System are associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and autistic persons are particularly impacted, reinforcing the notion that family stressors are important to consider when implementing policy and practice related to improving the mental health of autistic people. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=527 [article] Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings [texte imprimé] / Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Bethany OAKLEY, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Mandy POTTER, Auteur ; Wendy MACKAY, Auteur ; Petrusa SMIT, Auteur ; Carlie DU PLESSIS, Auteur ; Lucy BRINK, Auteur ; Priscilla SPRINGER, Auteur ; Hein ODENDAAL, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark JOHNSON, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Emily J.H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1280-1296. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-5 (May 2024) . - p.1280-1296 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  environmental factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30 years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11 years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. Lay Abstract Autistic individuals are more likely than non-autistic individuals to experience a mental health condition in their lifetime, and this includes externalising and internalising symptoms. We know very little about how different environments and family conditions impact these symptoms for autistic individuals. Improving our understanding of these relationships is important so that we can identify individuals who may be in greater need of support. In this article, we seek to improve our understanding of how environmental and family conditions impact externalising and internalising symptoms in autistic and non-autistic people. To do this, we conducted analyses with two cohorts in very different settings - in Europe and South Africa - to ensure our findings are globally representative. We used advanced statistical methods to establish environmental and family conditions that were similar to each other, and which could be combined into specific 'factors'. We found that four similar 'factors' could be identified in the two cohorts. These were distinguished by personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals, and were named Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources. Interestingly, just 'Family System' was associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and this was the same in both cohorts. We also found that having high traits of autism impacted this relationship between Family System and mental health conditions with opposite directions in the two settings. These results show that characteristics in the Family System are associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and autistic persons are particularly impacted, reinforcing the notion that family stressors are important to consider when implementing policy and practice related to improving the mental health of autistic people. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=527

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