Dépouillements

How the Moonshot Vision can unite autistic research and partnerships / Helen ELLIS in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.525-528 Titre : How the Moonshot Vision can unite autistic research and partnerships Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen ELLIS, Auteur ; Tim NICHOLLS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.525-528 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231222733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] How the Moonshot Vision can unite autistic research and partnerships [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen ELLIS, Auteur ; Tim NICHOLLS, Auteur . - p.525-528. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.525-528 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231222733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Oral health-care practices and dental assistance management strategies for people with autism spectrum disorder: An integrative literature review / Nadson Soares PIMENTEL JÚNIOR in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.529-539 Titre : Oral health-care practices and dental assistance management strategies for people with autism spectrum disorder: An integrative literature review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nadson Soares PIMENTEL JÚNIOR, Auteur ; Sandra Garrido DE BARROS, Auteur ; Ednaldo DE JESUS FILHO, Auteur ; Maria Isabel Pereira VIANNA, Auteur ; Carla Maria Lima SANTOS, Auteur ; Maria Cristina Teixeira CANGUSSU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.529-539 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  dental assistance  dental care  oral diseases  oral health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder requires a careful approach from professionals and a favorable clinical environment for dental care and assistance. This article aims To perform a literature review about oral health among people with autism spectrum disorder and dental management strategies for this group. An integrative literature review was carried out in three databases, associating the descriptors: (autism or autism spectrum disorder) with (oral health or oral diseases) and (dental care or dental services). After identification and screening steps, 32 articles were included in the study. The most prevalent subjects were oral health conditions, parents' understanding and practical attitudes about oral health, treatment and management strategies, and the use of technology. The principal barriers to dental care were the scarcity of specialized professionals, unpreparedness in the referral system, poor accessibility of the clinics, and lack of specific care protocols. The world literature on the subject is scarce, and there is still a need for investment and scientific production due to the incidence of autism in the world population and the maintenance of difficulties and barriers in offering quality health care to this group. Lay abstract Autism spectrum disorder requires a more careful approach from oral health professionals and a favorable clinical environment related to dental care and assistance. This article has the objective to perform a literature review about the oral health-care knowledge and practices in people with autism spectrum disorder, as well as the characteristics of dental care for this group. It was carried out in three articles databases, associating descriptors such as autism or autism spectrum disorder; oral health or oral diseases; dental care or dental services. We identified 32 articles. The most prevalent subjects were oral health conditions, treatment strategies, parents' understanding and practical attitudes about oral health, management, and use of technology to improve oral health care. The principal barriers to people with autism spectrum disorder to access dental care were the scarcity of specialized professionals, unpreparedness in the referral system, poor accessibility of the clinics, and lack of specific care protocols. The world literature on the subject is scarce, and there is still a need for investment and scientific production due to the incidence of autism in the world population and the maintenance of difficulties and barriers in offering quality health care to this group. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231193529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Oral health-care practices and dental assistance management strategies for people with autism spectrum disorder: An integrative literature review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nadson Soares PIMENTEL JÚNIOR, Auteur ; Sandra Garrido DE BARROS, Auteur ; Ednaldo DE JESUS FILHO, Auteur ; Maria Isabel Pereira VIANNA, Auteur ; Carla Maria Lima SANTOS, Auteur ; Maria Cristina Teixeira CANGUSSU, Auteur . - p.529-539. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.529-539 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  dental assistance  dental care  oral diseases  oral health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder requires a careful approach from professionals and a favorable clinical environment for dental care and assistance. This article aims To perform a literature review about oral health among people with autism spectrum disorder and dental management strategies for this group. An integrative literature review was carried out in three databases, associating the descriptors: (autism or autism spectrum disorder) with (oral health or oral diseases) and (dental care or dental services). After identification and screening steps, 32 articles were included in the study. The most prevalent subjects were oral health conditions, parents' understanding and practical attitudes about oral health, treatment and management strategies, and the use of technology. The principal barriers to dental care were the scarcity of specialized professionals, unpreparedness in the referral system, poor accessibility of the clinics, and lack of specific care protocols. The world literature on the subject is scarce, and there is still a need for investment and scientific production due to the incidence of autism in the world population and the maintenance of difficulties and barriers in offering quality health care to this group. Lay abstract Autism spectrum disorder requires a more careful approach from oral health professionals and a favorable clinical environment related to dental care and assistance. This article has the objective to perform a literature review about the oral health-care knowledge and practices in people with autism spectrum disorder, as well as the characteristics of dental care for this group. It was carried out in three articles databases, associating descriptors such as autism or autism spectrum disorder; oral health or oral diseases; dental care or dental services. We identified 32 articles. The most prevalent subjects were oral health conditions, treatment strategies, parents' understanding and practical attitudes about oral health, management, and use of technology to improve oral health care. The principal barriers to people with autism spectrum disorder to access dental care were the scarcity of specialized professionals, unpreparedness in the referral system, poor accessibility of the clinics, and lack of specific care protocols. The world literature on the subject is scarce, and there is still a need for investment and scientific production due to the incidence of autism in the world population and the maintenance of difficulties and barriers in offering quality health care to this group. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231193529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Trajectory research in children with an autism diagnosis: A scoping review / Stephen J. GENTLES in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.540-564 Titre : Trajectory research in children with an autism diagnosis: A scoping review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen J. GENTLES, Auteur ; Elise C. NG-CORDELL, Auteur ; Michelle C. HUNSCHE, Auteur ; Alana J. MCVEY, Auteur ; E. Dimitra BEDNAR, Auteur ; Michael G. DEGROOTE, Auteur ; Yun-Ju CHEN, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Laura BANFIELD, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.540-564 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  child development  longitudinal research  scoping review  trajectory studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Researchers increasingly employ longitudinal trajectory methods to understand developmental pathways of people on the autism spectrum across the lifespan. By assessing developmental or health-related outcome domains at three or more timepoints, trajectory studies can characterize their shape and varying rates of change over time. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and summarize the published breadth of research that uses a trajectory study design to examine development in children (to age 18?years) diagnosed with autism. Using a systematic search and screening procedure, 103 studies were included. This review summarizes methodological characteristics across studies including the varying statistical approaches used. A series of figures maps where published research is available across 10 outcome domains and the ages over which children have been followed. Evidence gaps, informed by the perspectives of the autistic and caregiver stakeholders that were engaged in this review, are discussed. We recommend that future trajectory research addresses the absence of studies from low- and middle-income countries, considers longitudinal assessment of outcome domains that caregivers and autistic people consider meaningful, and plans follow-up periods with assessment timepoints that cover the gaps in ages where more outcome-specific data are needed. Lay Abstract The types of outcomes studied in children on the autism spectrum include clinical characteristics, such as social functioning, communication, language, or autism symptoms. Research that measures these outcomes at multiple timepoints is useful to improve our understanding of what to expect as children develop. In trajectory studies, researchers assess outcomes at three or more timepoints. This method has advantages over two-timepoint studies because it allows researchers to describe changes in the speed of development, such as accelerations, plateaus, or slowdowns. We identified and reviewed 103 published trajectory studies in children (to age 18?years) with an autism diagnosis. Importantly, we did not include studies of treatments or their effects, nor did we summarize the results of studies. Instead, this review summarizes the characteristics of the available published research, including the methods used, the many different outcomes that have been studied over time and the ages over which they have been studied. This summary may be of interest to autistic people and caregivers (parents) who want to know about the existence of research that provides answers about what to expect during an autistic child?s development. We have recommended that future trajectory research efforts try to make up for the lack of studies from low- and middle-income countries; that more attention is given to the following outcomes that are meaningful to caregivers and autistic people; and to try to fill in the age gaps where more outcome-specific data are needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231170280 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Trajectory research in children with an autism diagnosis: A scoping review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen J. GENTLES, Auteur ; Elise C. NG-CORDELL, Auteur ; Michelle C. HUNSCHE, Auteur ; Alana J. MCVEY, Auteur ; E. Dimitra BEDNAR, Auteur ; Michael G. DEGROOTE, Auteur ; Yun-Ju CHEN, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Laura BANFIELD, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur . - p.540-564. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.540-564 Mots-clés : autism  child development  longitudinal research  scoping review  trajectory studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Researchers increasingly employ longitudinal trajectory methods to understand developmental pathways of people on the autism spectrum across the lifespan. By assessing developmental or health-related outcome domains at three or more timepoints, trajectory studies can characterize their shape and varying rates of change over time. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and summarize the published breadth of research that uses a trajectory study design to examine development in children (to age 18?years) diagnosed with autism. Using a systematic search and screening procedure, 103 studies were included. This review summarizes methodological characteristics across studies including the varying statistical approaches used. A series of figures maps where published research is available across 10 outcome domains and the ages over which children have been followed. Evidence gaps, informed by the perspectives of the autistic and caregiver stakeholders that were engaged in this review, are discussed. We recommend that future trajectory research addresses the absence of studies from low- and middle-income countries, considers longitudinal assessment of outcome domains that caregivers and autistic people consider meaningful, and plans follow-up periods with assessment timepoints that cover the gaps in ages where more outcome-specific data are needed. Lay Abstract The types of outcomes studied in children on the autism spectrum include clinical characteristics, such as social functioning, communication, language, or autism symptoms. Research that measures these outcomes at multiple timepoints is useful to improve our understanding of what to expect as children develop. In trajectory studies, researchers assess outcomes at three or more timepoints. This method has advantages over two-timepoint studies because it allows researchers to describe changes in the speed of development, such as accelerations, plateaus, or slowdowns. We identified and reviewed 103 published trajectory studies in children (to age 18?years) with an autism diagnosis. Importantly, we did not include studies of treatments or their effects, nor did we summarize the results of studies. Instead, this review summarizes the characteristics of the available published research, including the methods used, the many different outcomes that have been studied over time and the ages over which they have been studied. This summary may be of interest to autistic people and caregivers (parents) who want to know about the existence of research that provides answers about what to expect during an autistic child?s development. We have recommended that future trajectory research efforts try to make up for the lack of studies from low- and middle-income countries; that more attention is given to the following outcomes that are meaningful to caregivers and autistic people; and to try to fill in the age gaps where more outcome-specific data are needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231170280 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults / Saskia RIEDELBAUCH in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.565-579 Titre : Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.565-579 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alexithymia  anxiety  autism  emotion regulation  intolerance of uncertainty  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders commonly occur in autism. Existing studies implicate intolerance of uncertainty, alexithymia, sensory processing differences and emotion regulation difficulties as influencing factors of anxiety in autism. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the prediction that intolerance of uncertainty and emotion regulation constitute more direct causes of anxiety in autism that mediate the influences of sensory processing difference and alexithymia as more sequential contributing factors. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group following data-driven additions of paths between sensory processing difference and anxiety and alexithymia implying that sensory processing difference contribute indirectly as well as directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that aetiology and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. Lay abstract Anxiety disorders are common in autism. Research studies have identified factors that influence anxiety in autism, such as difficulties with uncertain situations, difficulties understanding own emotions, differences in processing sensory input (related to our senses) and difficulties regulating emotions. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the contribution of these factors in autism. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group. The model confirmed that difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions play a central role in anxiety in autism. Difficulties understanding own emotions and differences in processing sensory input both contribute to anxiety indirectly through their respective interrelation with the other two factors (difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions). Importantly, the results imply that sensory processing differences contribute not only indirectly but also directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that cause/development and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Examining a model of anxiety in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Saskia RIEDELBAUCH, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Tobias THIEL, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.565-579. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.565-579 Mots-clés : alexithymia  anxiety  autism  emotion regulation  intolerance of uncertainty  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders commonly occur in autism. Existing studies implicate intolerance of uncertainty, alexithymia, sensory processing differences and emotion regulation difficulties as influencing factors of anxiety in autism. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the prediction that intolerance of uncertainty and emotion regulation constitute more direct causes of anxiety in autism that mediate the influences of sensory processing difference and alexithymia as more sequential contributing factors. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group following data-driven additions of paths between sensory processing difference and anxiety and alexithymia implying that sensory processing difference contribute indirectly as well as directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that aetiology and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. Lay abstract Anxiety disorders are common in autism. Research studies have identified factors that influence anxiety in autism, such as difficulties with uncertain situations, difficulties understanding own emotions, differences in processing sensory input (related to our senses) and difficulties regulating emotions. To date, a few studies have considered the combination of these factors within the same sample. This study used structural equation modelling to test the contribution of these factors in autism. Autistic (n = 86) and non-autistic adults (n = 100) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires. Only when applied to each group separately, the broad predictions of the model were confirmed for the autistic group. The model confirmed that difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions play a central role in anxiety in autism. Difficulties understanding own emotions and differences in processing sensory input both contribute to anxiety indirectly through their respective interrelation with the other two factors (difficulties with uncertain situations and in regulating emotions). Importantly, the results imply that sensory processing differences contribute not only indirectly but also directly to individual differences in anxiety. For the non-autistic group, model fit could only be achieved after removing autism-related traits and sensory processing differences as predictors of anxiety. These results suggest that cause/development and expression of anxiety in autism partially overlap with what is observed in the general population except that sensory processing differences appear to play a relatively unique role in the context of autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism / Sophie BRUNT in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.580-586 Titre : The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.580-586 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  health disparities  health services  NSCH Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted a range of health services for children across the United States. Autistic children have well-documented deficits in health-related services compared to nonautistic children. Parents of autistic children reported an increase in mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for supportive services. The current study used data from the National Survey of Children?s Health from 2019 and 2020 to conduct logistic regressions predicting the likelihood of having unmet service needs before and after the onset of the pandemic. Results suggested that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health service needs across years compared to nonautistic children, but there were no interactions by year. All children experienced an increased likelihood of having unmet needs from pre- to post-pandemic. Results suggest that although the pandemic disrupted services across the board, autistic children lacked health services regardless of the pandemic, pointing to persisting disparities in service receipt. A discussion of ongoing barriers to services and issues related to virtual services is included. Future research should further investigate the feasibility of virtual services as well as ways of reducing barriers to all services for autistic children. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted doctor?s and dental visits, mental health treatments, and other special therapies for children across the United States. Prior research has found that autistic children were more likely to lack these services even before the pandemic, but they experienced more mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for these services. This study analyzed data from before (2019) and after (2020) the onset of the pandemic to determine whether autistic children had even more severe disruptions in services after the pandemic started compared to nonautistic children. We found that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health needs in both 2019 and 2020. Overall, children experienced increased disruptions from 2019 to 2020, but this did not differ by diagnosis. Our results suggest that there are persisting gaps in autistic children?s healthcare regardless of the pandemic. We discuss issues surrounding barriers to services for autistic children and issues surrounding virtual services, such as teletherapy. Future research should further explore how to reduce barriers to services for autistic children, including virtual and in-person services. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231176930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.580-586. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.580-586 Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  health disparities  health services  NSCH Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted a range of health services for children across the United States. Autistic children have well-documented deficits in health-related services compared to nonautistic children. Parents of autistic children reported an increase in mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for supportive services. The current study used data from the National Survey of Children?s Health from 2019 and 2020 to conduct logistic regressions predicting the likelihood of having unmet service needs before and after the onset of the pandemic. Results suggested that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health service needs across years compared to nonautistic children, but there were no interactions by year. All children experienced an increased likelihood of having unmet needs from pre- to post-pandemic. Results suggest that although the pandemic disrupted services across the board, autistic children lacked health services regardless of the pandemic, pointing to persisting disparities in service receipt. A discussion of ongoing barriers to services and issues related to virtual services is included. Future research should further investigate the feasibility of virtual services as well as ways of reducing barriers to all services for autistic children. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted doctor?s and dental visits, mental health treatments, and other special therapies for children across the United States. Prior research has found that autistic children were more likely to lack these services even before the pandemic, but they experienced more mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for these services. This study analyzed data from before (2019) and after (2020) the onset of the pandemic to determine whether autistic children had even more severe disruptions in services after the pandemic started compared to nonautistic children. We found that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health needs in both 2019 and 2020. Overall, children experienced increased disruptions from 2019 to 2020, but this did not differ by diagnosis. Our results suggest that there are persisting gaps in autistic children?s healthcare regardless of the pandemic. We discuss issues surrounding barriers to services for autistic children and issues surrounding virtual services, such as teletherapy. Future research should further explore how to reduce barriers to services for autistic children, including virtual and in-person services. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231176930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Feasibility and acceptability of a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention for children with social-communication challenges in early childhood education settings / Michael SILLER in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.587-599 Titre : Feasibility and acceptability of a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention for children with social-communication challenges in early childhood education settings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael SILLER, Auteur ; Lindee MORGAN, Auteur ; Sally FUHRMEISTER, Auteur ; Quentin WEDDERBURN, Auteur ; Brooke SCHIRMER, Auteur ; Emma CHATSON, Auteur ; Scott GILLESPIE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.587-599 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  feasibility trial  interventions-psychosocial/behavioral  preschool  social cognition and social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Preschool classrooms provide a unique context for supporting the development of children with social-communication challenges. This study is an uncontrolled clinical trial of an adapted professional development intervention for preschool teachers (Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood). Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood is a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention to address the learning needs of children with social-communication challenges and consists of four asynchronous online modules and three synchronous coaching sessions. The current research evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of intervention and research procedures, implemented in authentic early childhood education settings. Participants included one teacher and one target child with social-communication challenges from 25 preschool classrooms, sampled to maximize variability. Overall, the current research revealed high levels of feasibility, with 9 out of 10 benchmarks met: (a) procedures for participant recruitment reliably identified a neurodiverse sample of children with teacher-reported social-communication challenges; (b) teachers showed high levels of program engagement and Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood completion (76%); and (c) results revealed a robust pattern of gains in Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood classrooms and associations among key outcome measures (including active engagement, student teacher relationship, social-communication competencies). Implications for the design of a subsequent, larger effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial (Type 1) are discussed. Lay Abstract Preschool classrooms provide a unique context for supporting the development of children with social-communication challenges. This study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted professional development intervention for preschool teachers (Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood). Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood is a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention to address the learning needs of children with a broad range of social-communication challenges in authentic preschool classrooms. The intervention consists of four asynchronous online modules and three synchronous coaching sessions. Participants included one teacher and one target child with social-communication challenges from 25 preschool classrooms from private childcare, Head Start, and public Pre-K programs. Results reveal high levels of Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood feasibility, with 9 out of 10 feasibility benchmarks met: (a) procedures for participant recruitment reliably identified a neurodiverse sample of children with teacher-reported social-communication challenges; (b) teachers showed high levels of program engagement and Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood completion (76%); and (c) results revealed a robust pattern of gains in Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood classrooms and associations among key outcome measures (including active engagement, student-teacher relationship, social-communication competencies). This research prepares a subsequent, larger effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial (Type 1) that investigates the effectiveness of Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood for improving child outcomes and explores facilitators and barriers of program implementation and sustainability. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231179289 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Feasibility and acceptability of a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention for children with social-communication challenges in early childhood education settings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael SILLER, Auteur ; Lindee MORGAN, Auteur ; Sally FUHRMEISTER, Auteur ; Quentin WEDDERBURN, Auteur ; Brooke SCHIRMER, Auteur ; Emma CHATSON, Auteur ; Scott GILLESPIE, Auteur . - p.587-599. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.587-599 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  feasibility trial  interventions-psychosocial/behavioral  preschool  social cognition and social behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Preschool classrooms provide a unique context for supporting the development of children with social-communication challenges. This study is an uncontrolled clinical trial of an adapted professional development intervention for preschool teachers (Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood). Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood is a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention to address the learning needs of children with social-communication challenges and consists of four asynchronous online modules and three synchronous coaching sessions. The current research evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of intervention and research procedures, implemented in authentic early childhood education settings. Participants included one teacher and one target child with social-communication challenges from 25 preschool classrooms, sampled to maximize variability. Overall, the current research revealed high levels of feasibility, with 9 out of 10 benchmarks met: (a) procedures for participant recruitment reliably identified a neurodiverse sample of children with teacher-reported social-communication challenges; (b) teachers showed high levels of program engagement and Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood completion (76%); and (c) results revealed a robust pattern of gains in Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood classrooms and associations among key outcome measures (including active engagement, student teacher relationship, social-communication competencies). Implications for the design of a subsequent, larger effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial (Type 1) are discussed. Lay Abstract Preschool classrooms provide a unique context for supporting the development of children with social-communication challenges. This study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted professional development intervention for preschool teachers (Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood). Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood is a low-resource-intensive, transdiagnostic intervention to address the learning needs of children with a broad range of social-communication challenges in authentic preschool classrooms. The intervention consists of four asynchronous online modules and three synchronous coaching sessions. Participants included one teacher and one target child with social-communication challenges from 25 preschool classrooms from private childcare, Head Start, and public Pre-K programs. Results reveal high levels of Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood feasibility, with 9 out of 10 feasibility benchmarks met: (a) procedures for participant recruitment reliably identified a neurodiverse sample of children with teacher-reported social-communication challenges; (b) teachers showed high levels of program engagement and Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood completion (76%); and (c) results revealed a robust pattern of gains in Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood classrooms and associations among key outcome measures (including active engagement, student-teacher relationship, social-communication competencies). This research prepares a subsequent, larger effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial (Type 1) that investigates the effectiveness of Social Emotional Engagement-Knowledge & Skills-Early Childhood for improving child outcomes and explores facilitators and barriers of program implementation and sustainability. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231179289 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

The effect of autistic traits on prosocial behavior: The chain mediating role of received social support and perceived social support / Shuhua ZHANG in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.600-615 Titre : The effect of autistic traits on prosocial behavior: The chain mediating role of received social support and perceived social support Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shuhua ZHANG, Auteur ; Hong LI, Auteur ; Hai LI, Auteur ; Shuo ZHAO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.600-615 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autistic traits  chain mediation  perceived social support  prosocial behavior  received social support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is growing evidence that the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorder are distributed across the general population; therefore, understanding the correlates of prosocial behavior in individuals with high levels of autistic traits could shed light on autism spectrum disorder and prosocial behavior. In this study, the mechanism underlying the influence of individuals' autistic traits on their prosocial behavior was explored by conducting a questionnaire survey of 414 Chinese college students. The results showed that autistic traits can influence individuals' prosocial behavior not only through the separate effects of received social support and perceived social support but also through the chain mediating effects of received social support and perceived social support; however, the direct effect of autistic traits on individuals' prosocial behavior is not significant. This study is conducive to understanding the internal mechanism underlying the relationship between autistic traits and prosocial behavior. Future work is required to further investigate the clinical autism spectrum disorder samples and cross-cultural applicability of the model found in this study. Lay abstract Autistic traits are known to be associated with a set of core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. The impact of autistic traits on prosocial behavior, including a consideration of the role of social support, has never been explored. We investigated whether and how social support mediates the autistic trait-prosocial behavior relationship. We found that autistic traits can influence prosocial behavior not only through received social support and perceived social support but also indirectly through the chain mediating effects of received social support and perceived social support. This study contributes to the understanding of how and to what extent prosocial behavior is influenced by autistic traits. Future work is required to further investigate the clinical autism spectrum disorder samples and cross-cultural applicability of the model found in this study. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] The effect of autistic traits on prosocial behavior: The chain mediating role of received social support and perceived social support [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shuhua ZHANG, Auteur ; Hong LI, Auteur ; Hai LI, Auteur ; Shuo ZHAO, Auteur . - p.600-615. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.600-615 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autistic traits  chain mediation  perceived social support  prosocial behavior  received social support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is growing evidence that the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorder are distributed across the general population; therefore, understanding the correlates of prosocial behavior in individuals with high levels of autistic traits could shed light on autism spectrum disorder and prosocial behavior. In this study, the mechanism underlying the influence of individuals' autistic traits on their prosocial behavior was explored by conducting a questionnaire survey of 414 Chinese college students. The results showed that autistic traits can influence individuals' prosocial behavior not only through the separate effects of received social support and perceived social support but also through the chain mediating effects of received social support and perceived social support; however, the direct effect of autistic traits on individuals' prosocial behavior is not significant. This study is conducive to understanding the internal mechanism underlying the relationship between autistic traits and prosocial behavior. Future work is required to further investigate the clinical autism spectrum disorder samples and cross-cultural applicability of the model found in this study. Lay abstract Autistic traits are known to be associated with a set of core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. The impact of autistic traits on prosocial behavior, including a consideration of the role of social support, has never been explored. We investigated whether and how social support mediates the autistic trait-prosocial behavior relationship. We found that autistic traits can influence prosocial behavior not only through received social support and perceived social support but also indirectly through the chain mediating effects of received social support and perceived social support. This study contributes to the understanding of how and to what extent prosocial behavior is influenced by autistic traits. Future work is required to further investigate the clinical autism spectrum disorder samples and cross-cultural applicability of the model found in this study. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Factor structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals: Poor fit of three-factor and unidimensional models / Ellen WILKINSON in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.616-626 Titre : Factor structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals: Poor fit of three-factor and unidimensional models Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ellen WILKINSON, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur ; Evan KLEIMAN, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.616-626 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adaptive behavior  autism spectrum disorders  behavioral measurement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The commonly used Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-3) divides adaptive behavior into three domains comprising three subdomains. The validity of this three-factor structure has not been explored in autistic samples, which are often heterogeneous with respect to language and IQ. Furthermore, although there are two comparable forms, Comprehensive Interview Form and Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver Form (a questionnaire), the original validation was based on interview data. Considering the widespread use of the VABS-3 in autism research, and the increased feasibility of online-administered questionnaires, it is necessary to establish the validity of the Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals across a range of abilities. This study aimed to investigate the measurement invariance of the VABS-3 Parent/Caregiver form between a minimally verbal group and verbal group of autistic people; however, poor overall fit of the three-factor structure precluded invariance analyses. Subsequent analyses suggested poor fit in both language and age groups, as well as a unidimensional model. The results of the current study suggest that neither the three-factor or unidimensional model fit the VABS-3 Parent/Caregiver Form, thereby cautioning against interpretation of domain or overall adaptive behavior composite scores in autistic individuals and further encouraging careful consideration of administration format. Lay Abstract Adaptive behavior is a broad set of skills needed to function in everyday life. The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-3) is commonly used to measure adaptive behavior. It divides adaptive behavior into three domains, Communication, Daily Living Skills, and Socialization, each of which are split into subdomains. Analyses of this three-part structure of the first version of VABS used the instrument as an interview, but now it is done as a questionnaire as well. The structure has not been well supported in samples of autistic people, who often have different strengths and challenges in adaptive behavior compared with non-autistic people. Because adaptive behavior is an important concept in autism research and online-administered questionnaires are increasingly common, it is important to ensure the structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver Form (VABS-3:CPCF; a questionnaire) works well for autistic individuals across a range of abilities. This study aimed to investigate whether VABS-3:CPCF measures adaptive behavior similarly in verbal and minimally verbal autistic people. However, the data didn?t fit the structure in the first step of the analysis, so this could not be investigated. The next analyses also found the three-domain structure didn?t fit in different age and language groups. In addition, the data didn?t fit a structure combining all the domains into 1 (unidimensional). These results suggest that neither the three-factor or unidimensional structure fit the VABS-3:CPCF, cautioning against interpretation of domain or overall adaptive behavior composite scores in autistic individuals and further encouraging careful consideration of administration format. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231179288 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Factor structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals: Poor fit of three-factor and unidimensional models [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ellen WILKINSON, Auteur ; Cristan FARMER, Auteur ; Evan KLEIMAN, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur . - p.616-626. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.616-626 Mots-clés : adaptive behavior  autism spectrum disorders  behavioral measurement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The commonly used Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-3) divides adaptive behavior into three domains comprising three subdomains. The validity of this three-factor structure has not been explored in autistic samples, which are often heterogeneous with respect to language and IQ. Furthermore, although there are two comparable forms, Comprehensive Interview Form and Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver Form (a questionnaire), the original validation was based on interview data. Considering the widespread use of the VABS-3 in autism research, and the increased feasibility of online-administered questionnaires, it is necessary to establish the validity of the Parent/Caregiver form in autistic individuals across a range of abilities. This study aimed to investigate the measurement invariance of the VABS-3 Parent/Caregiver form between a minimally verbal group and verbal group of autistic people; however, poor overall fit of the three-factor structure precluded invariance analyses. Subsequent analyses suggested poor fit in both language and age groups, as well as a unidimensional model. The results of the current study suggest that neither the three-factor or unidimensional model fit the VABS-3 Parent/Caregiver Form, thereby cautioning against interpretation of domain or overall adaptive behavior composite scores in autistic individuals and further encouraging careful consideration of administration format. Lay Abstract Adaptive behavior is a broad set of skills needed to function in everyday life. The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-3) is commonly used to measure adaptive behavior. It divides adaptive behavior into three domains, Communication, Daily Living Skills, and Socialization, each of which are split into subdomains. Analyses of this three-part structure of the first version of VABS used the instrument as an interview, but now it is done as a questionnaire as well. The structure has not been well supported in samples of autistic people, who often have different strengths and challenges in adaptive behavior compared with non-autistic people. Because adaptive behavior is an important concept in autism research and online-administered questionnaires are increasingly common, it is important to ensure the structure of the VABS-3 Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver Form (VABS-3:CPCF; a questionnaire) works well for autistic individuals across a range of abilities. This study aimed to investigate whether VABS-3:CPCF measures adaptive behavior similarly in verbal and minimally verbal autistic people. However, the data didn?t fit the structure in the first step of the analysis, so this could not be investigated. The next analyses also found the three-domain structure didn?t fit in different age and language groups. In addition, the data didn?t fit a structure combining all the domains into 1 (unidimensional). These results suggest that neither the three-factor or unidimensional structure fit the VABS-3:CPCF, cautioning against interpretation of domain or overall adaptive behavior composite scores in autistic individuals and further encouraging careful consideration of administration format. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231179288 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Exploring autistic adults' psychosocial experiences affecting beginnings, continuity and change in camouflaging over time: A qualitative study in Singapore / Beatrice Rui Yi LOO in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.627-643 Titre : Exploring autistic adults' psychosocial experiences affecting beginnings, continuity and change in camouflaging over time: A qualitative study in Singapore Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Beatrice Rui Yi LOO, Auteur ; Truman Jing Yang TEO, Auteur ; Melanie Jiamin LIANG, Auteur ; Dawn-Joy LEONG, Auteur ; Diana Weiting TAN, Auteur ; Sici ZHUANG, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Lucy A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; Will MANDY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Iliana MAGIATI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.627-643 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  camouflaging  masking  mental health  well-being Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging (or otherwise referred to as masking or passing) involves hiding one?s autistic-related characteristics and differences to get by in social situations in predominantly non-autistic societies. Very little is known to date about the course of camouflaging motivations and strategies over time or the psychosocial factors that may influence autistic people?s camouflaging choices and trajectories. In an exploratory qualitative study within an Asian sociocultural context, we interviewed 11 Singaporean autistic adults (9 males, 2 females, aged 22-45?years) about their camouflaging experiences to better understand (1) their camouflaging motivations and strategies over time, and (2) related psychosocial influences. Organised across four phases (pre-camouflaging, beginnings, continuity and change over time), 17 themes relating to camouflaging motivations and 8 themes relating to strategies were identified. The earliest camouflaging motivations were predominantly relational, linked to a negative self-identity that had been shaped by adverse social experiences. Camouflaging strategies became increasingly complex and integrated into one?s sense of self over time. Our findings highlight the role of psychosocial pressures precipitating camouflaging and emphasise the need for individual and societal changes, including moving towards enhanced acceptance and inclusion to reduce psychosocial pressures on autistic people to camouflage. Lay Abstract Over their lifetimes, many autistic people learn to camouflage (hide or mask) their autism-related differences to forge relationships, find work and live independently in largely non-autistic societies. Autistic adults have described camouflaging as a 'lifetime of conditioning . . . to act normal' involving 'years of effort', suggesting that camouflaging develops over an autistic person?s lifetime and may start early on, in childhood or adolescence. Yet, we know very little about why and how autistic people start to camouflage, or why and how their camouflaging behaviours continue or change over time. We interviewed 11 Singaporean autistic adults (9 male, 2 female, 22-45?years old) who shared their camouflaging experiences. We found that autistic adults' earliest motivations to camouflage were largely related to the desire to fit in and connect with others. They also camouflaged to avoid difficult social experiences (such as being teased or bullied). Autistic adults shared that their camouflaging behaviours became more complex and that, for some, camouflaging became a part of their self-identity over time. Our findings suggest that society should not pathologise autistic differences, but instead accept and include autistic people, to reduce the pressure on autistic people to hide who they truly are. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231180075 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Exploring autistic adults' psychosocial experiences affecting beginnings, continuity and change in camouflaging over time: A qualitative study in Singapore [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Beatrice Rui Yi LOO, Auteur ; Truman Jing Yang TEO, Auteur ; Melanie Jiamin LIANG, Auteur ; Dawn-Joy LEONG, Auteur ; Diana Weiting TAN, Auteur ; Sici ZHUANG, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Lucy A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur ; Will MANDY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Iliana MAGIATI, Auteur . - p.627-643. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.627-643 Mots-clés : adults  autism  camouflaging  masking  mental health  well-being Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging (or otherwise referred to as masking or passing) involves hiding one?s autistic-related characteristics and differences to get by in social situations in predominantly non-autistic societies. Very little is known to date about the course of camouflaging motivations and strategies over time or the psychosocial factors that may influence autistic people?s camouflaging choices and trajectories. In an exploratory qualitative study within an Asian sociocultural context, we interviewed 11 Singaporean autistic adults (9 males, 2 females, aged 22-45?years) about their camouflaging experiences to better understand (1) their camouflaging motivations and strategies over time, and (2) related psychosocial influences. Organised across four phases (pre-camouflaging, beginnings, continuity and change over time), 17 themes relating to camouflaging motivations and 8 themes relating to strategies were identified. The earliest camouflaging motivations were predominantly relational, linked to a negative self-identity that had been shaped by adverse social experiences. Camouflaging strategies became increasingly complex and integrated into one?s sense of self over time. Our findings highlight the role of psychosocial pressures precipitating camouflaging and emphasise the need for individual and societal changes, including moving towards enhanced acceptance and inclusion to reduce psychosocial pressures on autistic people to camouflage. Lay Abstract Over their lifetimes, many autistic people learn to camouflage (hide or mask) their autism-related differences to forge relationships, find work and live independently in largely non-autistic societies. Autistic adults have described camouflaging as a 'lifetime of conditioning . . . to act normal' involving 'years of effort', suggesting that camouflaging develops over an autistic person?s lifetime and may start early on, in childhood or adolescence. Yet, we know very little about why and how autistic people start to camouflage, or why and how their camouflaging behaviours continue or change over time. We interviewed 11 Singaporean autistic adults (9 male, 2 female, 22-45?years old) who shared their camouflaging experiences. We found that autistic adults' earliest motivations to camouflage were largely related to the desire to fit in and connect with others. They also camouflaged to avoid difficult social experiences (such as being teased or bullied). Autistic adults shared that their camouflaging behaviours became more complex and that, for some, camouflaging became a part of their self-identity over time. Our findings suggest that society should not pathologise autistic differences, but instead accept and include autistic people, to reduce the pressure on autistic people to hide who they truly are. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231180075 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Patterns of equipment use for autistic children in multi-sensory environments: Time spent with sensory equipment varies by sensory profile and intellectual ability / Katy L. UNWIN in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.644-655 Titre : Patterns of equipment use for autistic children in multi-sensory environments: Time spent with sensory equipment varies by sensory profile and intellectual ability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katy L. UNWIN, Auteur ; Georgina POWELL, Auteur ; Alice PRICE, Auteur ; Catherine RG JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.644-655 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  motivation  multi-sensory environment  preference  sensory profile and sensory behaviours  sensory room Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Multi-sensory environments are widely used with autistic children. However, there are no data on how autistic children choose to spend time in the room and how this relates to their sensory, behavioural and intellectual profiles. We observed the frequency and duration of visits to multi-sensory environment equipment of 41 autistic children during 5?min of free play. At a group level, the bubble tube and touch, sound and light board were both highly popular, with the fibre optics and tactile board receiving less attention. Sensory seeking behaviours were more commonly observed in the multi-sensory environment than sensory-defensive behaviours. We found that observed sensory seeking behaviours, along with parent-reported sensory behaviours and non-verbal intelligence quotient, were associated with specific patterns of multi-sensory environment equipment use, but broader autistic behaviours were not. These data suggest that the multi-sensory environment equipment preferences of autistic children are related to individual differences in sensory behaviour and non-verbal intelligence quotient. This information has the potential to inform the development of best-practice multi-sensory environment guidelines that focus on individual needs. Lay abstract Multi-sensory environments, often called sensory rooms, are widely used with autistic children. However, we know very little about how autistic children choose to spend their time in multi-sensory environments. We also do not know how their equipment preferences relate to their individual characteristics such as their sensory differences, level of ability or general autistic behaviours. We measured the frequency and duration of visits to multi-sensory environment equipment of 41 autistic children during 5?min of free play. The bubble tube and touch, sound and light board were both highly popular, with the fibre optics and tactile board receiving less attention. The children displayed significantly more sensory seeking behaviours in the multi-sensory environment than sensory-defensive behaviours. These sensory seeking behaviours, as well as the sensory behaviours that their parents reported they showed in daily life, were associated with specific patterns of multi-sensory environment equipment use. Non-verbal ability was also associated with multi-sensory environment equipment use, but broader autistic behaviours were not. Our findings show that the multi-sensory environment equipment preferences of autistic children are related to individual differences in sensory behaviours and non-verbal ability. This information could be useful for teachers and other practitioners who want to know how best to use multi-sensory environments with autistic children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231180266 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Patterns of equipment use for autistic children in multi-sensory environments: Time spent with sensory equipment varies by sensory profile and intellectual ability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katy L. UNWIN, Auteur ; Georgina POWELL, Auteur ; Alice PRICE, Auteur ; Catherine RG JONES, Auteur . - p.644-655. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.644-655 Mots-clés : autism  motivation  multi-sensory environment  preference  sensory profile and sensory behaviours  sensory room Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Multi-sensory environments are widely used with autistic children. However, there are no data on how autistic children choose to spend time in the room and how this relates to their sensory, behavioural and intellectual profiles. We observed the frequency and duration of visits to multi-sensory environment equipment of 41 autistic children during 5?min of free play. At a group level, the bubble tube and touch, sound and light board were both highly popular, with the fibre optics and tactile board receiving less attention. Sensory seeking behaviours were more commonly observed in the multi-sensory environment than sensory-defensive behaviours. We found that observed sensory seeking behaviours, along with parent-reported sensory behaviours and non-verbal intelligence quotient, were associated with specific patterns of multi-sensory environment equipment use, but broader autistic behaviours were not. These data suggest that the multi-sensory environment equipment preferences of autistic children are related to individual differences in sensory behaviour and non-verbal intelligence quotient. This information has the potential to inform the development of best-practice multi-sensory environment guidelines that focus on individual needs. Lay abstract Multi-sensory environments, often called sensory rooms, are widely used with autistic children. However, we know very little about how autistic children choose to spend their time in multi-sensory environments. We also do not know how their equipment preferences relate to their individual characteristics such as their sensory differences, level of ability or general autistic behaviours. We measured the frequency and duration of visits to multi-sensory environment equipment of 41 autistic children during 5?min of free play. The bubble tube and touch, sound and light board were both highly popular, with the fibre optics and tactile board receiving less attention. The children displayed significantly more sensory seeking behaviours in the multi-sensory environment than sensory-defensive behaviours. These sensory seeking behaviours, as well as the sensory behaviours that their parents reported they showed in daily life, were associated with specific patterns of multi-sensory environment equipment use. Non-verbal ability was also associated with multi-sensory environment equipment use, but broader autistic behaviours were not. Our findings show that the multi-sensory environment equipment preferences of autistic children are related to individual differences in sensory behaviours and non-verbal ability. This information could be useful for teachers and other practitioners who want to know how best to use multi-sensory environments with autistic children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231180266 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

'It seems like a luxury to be able to offer that': Factors influencing the implementation of annual health checks for autistic people in England / Jade DAVIES in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.656-673 Titre : 'It seems like a luxury to be able to offer that': Factors influencing the implementation of annual health checks for autistic people in England Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jade DAVIES, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Carole BUCKLEY, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katelyn SMALLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.656-673 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  behavioural science  health checks  healthcare  policy  preventive care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people in England face worse health outcomes than non-autistic people. Autism-specific annual health checks have been proposed as one solution to this issue. This study identified strategies to incentivise primary care providers to offer autism-specific annual health checks, using a behavioural science approach. In phase 1, we conducted interviews and focus groups with autistic people (n = 10) and primary care providers (n = 11). In phase 2, we conducted a national survey of primary care providers (n = 196). Qualitative data were analysed using a framework method and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and comparisons between sub-groups of survey respondents were made using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The most salient theoretical domain was environmental context and resources. Participants identified lack of time and staff as key barriers to implementation. Delegating tasks to non-physician practitioners and automating processes were seen as key facilitators. Autism-specific knowledge was another relevant domain; education produced and delivered by autistic people was posited to increase health check uptake and quality. Overall, participants were enthusiastic about autism-specific annual health checks but were concerned about the practical aspects of implementation. We identified specific barriers and facilitators that can be addressed prior to policy adoption to maximise chances of success. Lay abstract Autistic people are more likely to have mental and physical health problems than non-autistic people. Annual health checks could reduce these problems by finding and treating them early. Annual health checks are yearly medical appointments where a primary healthcare provider (such as a doctor or nurse) can check things like a patient?s weight and heart rate and ask if they have any worries about their health. In this study, we wanted to understand what might encourage primary healthcare providers to use annual health checks with their autistic patients. First, we spoke to 10 autistic people and 11 primary healthcare providers. Using the findings from these conversations, we created an online survey for primary healthcare providers in England. We used the findings from the interviews and survey to help us understand what would encourage primary healthcare providers to offer annual health checks for autistic people. Our participants said that a lack of time and staff would make it hard to provide health checks. To help, they said other members of staff (such as nurses and healthcare assistants) could do the health checks, rather than doctors. They also said parts of the process could be made automatic to save time (e.g. sending automatic reminders). Knowledge about autism was important too (e.g. knowing about the common conditions autistic people have, and how to best support autistic patients). Participants said training on these topics, produced and delivered with autistic people, could encourage them to use annual health checks with their autistic patients. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182011 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] 'It seems like a luxury to be able to offer that': Factors influencing the implementation of annual health checks for autistic people in England [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jade DAVIES, Auteur ; Anna REMINGTON, Auteur ; Carole BUCKLEY, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katelyn SMALLEY, Auteur . - p.656-673. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.656-673 Mots-clés : autism  behavioural science  health checks  healthcare  policy  preventive care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people in England face worse health outcomes than non-autistic people. Autism-specific annual health checks have been proposed as one solution to this issue. This study identified strategies to incentivise primary care providers to offer autism-specific annual health checks, using a behavioural science approach. In phase 1, we conducted interviews and focus groups with autistic people (n = 10) and primary care providers (n = 11). In phase 2, we conducted a national survey of primary care providers (n = 196). Qualitative data were analysed using a framework method and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and comparisons between sub-groups of survey respondents were made using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The most salient theoretical domain was environmental context and resources. Participants identified lack of time and staff as key barriers to implementation. Delegating tasks to non-physician practitioners and automating processes were seen as key facilitators. Autism-specific knowledge was another relevant domain; education produced and delivered by autistic people was posited to increase health check uptake and quality. Overall, participants were enthusiastic about autism-specific annual health checks but were concerned about the practical aspects of implementation. We identified specific barriers and facilitators that can be addressed prior to policy adoption to maximise chances of success. Lay abstract Autistic people are more likely to have mental and physical health problems than non-autistic people. Annual health checks could reduce these problems by finding and treating them early. Annual health checks are yearly medical appointments where a primary healthcare provider (such as a doctor or nurse) can check things like a patient?s weight and heart rate and ask if they have any worries about their health. In this study, we wanted to understand what might encourage primary healthcare providers to use annual health checks with their autistic patients. First, we spoke to 10 autistic people and 11 primary healthcare providers. Using the findings from these conversations, we created an online survey for primary healthcare providers in England. We used the findings from the interviews and survey to help us understand what would encourage primary healthcare providers to offer annual health checks for autistic people. Our participants said that a lack of time and staff would make it hard to provide health checks. To help, they said other members of staff (such as nurses and healthcare assistants) could do the health checks, rather than doctors. They also said parts of the process could be made automatic to save time (e.g. sending automatic reminders). Knowledge about autism was important too (e.g. knowing about the common conditions autistic people have, and how to best support autistic patients). Participants said training on these topics, produced and delivered with autistic people, could encourage them to use annual health checks with their autistic patients. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182011 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

A longitudinal examination of mental health and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic adolescents during COVID-19 / Naomi V. EKAS in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.674-689 Titre : A longitudinal examination of mental health and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic adolescents during COVID-19 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Naomi V. EKAS, Auteur ; Chrystyna D. KOUROS, Auteur ; Brock A. RIGSBY, Auteur ; Sarah MADISON, Auteur ; Julianne HYMEL, Auteur ; Maddy FILIPPI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.674-689 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  fathers  marital functioning  mental health  mothers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents, particularly mothers, of autistic children may be especially vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19. The current longitudinal study examined changes in psychological distress (anxiety, depression, stress) and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic children across three time points between April and October 2020, and the extent to which pre-COVID factors predicted changes in these outcomes. Participants were 94 mothers and 58 fathers of autistic children drawn from a larger longitudinal study about family relationships and autistic children?s mental health that began prior to the pandemic. Results indicated that mothers reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to fathers in July and October 2020. Although, on average, levels of psychological distress and marital functioning did not significantly change for mothers and fathers, pre-pandemic child functioning and marital satisfaction predicted individual differences in change in marital satisfaction during the pandemic for mothers. Implications of the findings are discussed. Lay abstract Parents of autistic children may be especially vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19. The current study examined changes in mental health and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic children across three time points between April and October 2020. The study also explored whether pre-COVID factors could predict outcomes during the pandemic. Participants were 94 mothers and 58 fathers of autistic children drawn from a larger study about family relationships and autistic children?s mental health that began prior to the pandemic. Results indicated that mothers reported higher levels of mental health problems compared to fathers in July and October 2020. Levels of mental health and marital functioning did not change between April and October 2020. Pre-pandemic child functioning and marital satisfaction predicted changes in mother?s ratings of marital satisfaction. The findings have implications for ways to best support families during challenging periods. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] A longitudinal examination of mental health and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic adolescents during COVID-19 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Naomi V. EKAS, Auteur ; Chrystyna D. KOUROS, Auteur ; Brock A. RIGSBY, Auteur ; Sarah MADISON, Auteur ; Julianne HYMEL, Auteur ; Maddy FILIPPI, Auteur . - p.674-689. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.674-689 Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  fathers  marital functioning  mental health  mothers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents, particularly mothers, of autistic children may be especially vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19. The current longitudinal study examined changes in psychological distress (anxiety, depression, stress) and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic children across three time points between April and October 2020, and the extent to which pre-COVID factors predicted changes in these outcomes. Participants were 94 mothers and 58 fathers of autistic children drawn from a larger longitudinal study about family relationships and autistic children?s mental health that began prior to the pandemic. Results indicated that mothers reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to fathers in July and October 2020. Although, on average, levels of psychological distress and marital functioning did not significantly change for mothers and fathers, pre-pandemic child functioning and marital satisfaction predicted individual differences in change in marital satisfaction during the pandemic for mothers. Implications of the findings are discussed. Lay abstract Parents of autistic children may be especially vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19. The current study examined changes in mental health and marital functioning of mothers and fathers of autistic children across three time points between April and October 2020. The study also explored whether pre-COVID factors could predict outcomes during the pandemic. Participants were 94 mothers and 58 fathers of autistic children drawn from a larger study about family relationships and autistic children?s mental health that began prior to the pandemic. Results indicated that mothers reported higher levels of mental health problems compared to fathers in July and October 2020. Levels of mental health and marital functioning did not change between April and October 2020. Pre-pandemic child functioning and marital satisfaction predicted changes in mother?s ratings of marital satisfaction. The findings have implications for ways to best support families during challenging periods. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Exploring camouflaging by the Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire in Taiwanese autistic and non-autistic adolescents: An initial development / Chun-Hao LIU in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.690-704 Titre : Exploring camouflaging by the Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire in Taiwanese autistic and non-autistic adolescents: An initial development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chun-Hao LIU, Auteur ; Yi-Lung CHEN, Auteur ; Pei-Jung CHEN, Auteur ; Hsing-Chang NI, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.690-704 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent  autism  camouflaging  psychometrics  reliability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging is a strategy adopted by neurodivergent individuals to cope in neurotypical social contexts, likely related to perceived stress. Despite increasing research in autistic adults, studies of camouflaging in adolescents remain sparse. The self-reported Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire has been validated in adults in some Western societies, but not in non-Western populations. We examined the psychometric properties of the self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire in Taiwanese adolescents. We enrolled 100 autistic and 105 non-autistic adolescents (aged 12-18?years) and their caregivers. As an initial development, we found a two-factor structure ("compensation-masking" and "assimilation") via exploratory factor analysis, alongside good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, for both the self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire. Self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire scores were moderately to highly correlated. Autistic adolescents showed higher total Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire and assimilation scores than non-autistic adolescents in both males and females. Female autistic adolescents showed higher assimilation than male autistic adolescents, but there was no significant difference between sex assigned at birth on compensation-masking in either autistic or non-autistic adolescents. Assimilation correlated with higher self-perceived stress for both autistic and non-autistic adolescents. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were reliable and offered meaningful information to understand social coping of Taiwanese autistic and non-autistic adolescents. Lay abstract Camouflaging is a coping strategy used by some autistic and other neurodivergent people to fit in neurotypical social contexts. The self-reported Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire has been validated for use in research with adults in some Western societies, but not in non-Western cultural-ethnic groups. We translated Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire into traditional Chinese and examined the use of this measure in Taiwanese adolescents via both self-report and caregiver-report in 100 autistic and 105 non-autistic adolescents. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were composed of two factors (i.e. a "compensation-masking" subscale and an "assimilation" subscale). Both adolescent self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire total score and subscales were reliable in measurement, and they highly correlated with each other. Taiwanese autistic adolescents were more likely to camouflage than non-autistic adolescents, especially on assimilation. Female autistic adolescents showed higher assimilation than male autistic adolescents. Higher camouflaging, especially assimilation, was associated with higher stress in autistic and non-autistic adolescents alike. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were reliable and offered meaningful information to help us understand the social coping experiences of autistic and non-autistic adolescents. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231181732 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Exploring camouflaging by the Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire in Taiwanese autistic and non-autistic adolescents: An initial development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chun-Hao LIU, Auteur ; Yi-Lung CHEN, Auteur ; Pei-Jung CHEN, Auteur ; Hsing-Chang NI, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur . - p.690-704. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.690-704 Mots-clés : adolescent  autism  camouflaging  psychometrics  reliability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging is a strategy adopted by neurodivergent individuals to cope in neurotypical social contexts, likely related to perceived stress. Despite increasing research in autistic adults, studies of camouflaging in adolescents remain sparse. The self-reported Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire has been validated in adults in some Western societies, but not in non-Western populations. We examined the psychometric properties of the self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire in Taiwanese adolescents. We enrolled 100 autistic and 105 non-autistic adolescents (aged 12-18?years) and their caregivers. As an initial development, we found a two-factor structure ("compensation-masking" and "assimilation") via exploratory factor analysis, alongside good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, for both the self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire. Self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire scores were moderately to highly correlated. Autistic adolescents showed higher total Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire and assimilation scores than non-autistic adolescents in both males and females. Female autistic adolescents showed higher assimilation than male autistic adolescents, but there was no significant difference between sex assigned at birth on compensation-masking in either autistic or non-autistic adolescents. Assimilation correlated with higher self-perceived stress for both autistic and non-autistic adolescents. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were reliable and offered meaningful information to understand social coping of Taiwanese autistic and non-autistic adolescents. Lay abstract Camouflaging is a coping strategy used by some autistic and other neurodivergent people to fit in neurotypical social contexts. The self-reported Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire has been validated for use in research with adults in some Western societies, but not in non-Western cultural-ethnic groups. We translated Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire into traditional Chinese and examined the use of this measure in Taiwanese adolescents via both self-report and caregiver-report in 100 autistic and 105 non-autistic adolescents. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were composed of two factors (i.e. a "compensation-masking" subscale and an "assimilation" subscale). Both adolescent self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire total score and subscales were reliable in measurement, and they highly correlated with each other. Taiwanese autistic adolescents were more likely to camouflage than non-autistic adolescents, especially on assimilation. Female autistic adolescents showed higher assimilation than male autistic adolescents. Higher camouflaging, especially assimilation, was associated with higher stress in autistic and non-autistic adolescents alike. Both self-reported and caregiver-reported Chinese version Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire were reliable and offered meaningful information to help us understand the social coping experiences of autistic and non-autistic adolescents. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231181732 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children): Exploring the experience of early childhood educators / Jessica TUPOU in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.705-717 Titre : Supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children): Exploring the experience of early childhood educators Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica TUPOU, Auteur ; Chevelle ATAERA, Auteur ; Carla WALLACE-WATKIN, Auteur ; Hannah WADDINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.705-717 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cultural perspective  education services  preschool children  qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The experience of the many autistic children who attend inclusive early childhood education settings is largely shaped by the knowledge and attitudes of the educators who support them. Autistic children from under-represented ethnic groups, such as autistic M?ori, are likely to face additional challenges and educators need to consider strategies to support their cultural development. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 educators with recent experience supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children) in inclusive early childhood settings. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis resulting in three themes and seven subthemes. Overall, participants' understandings of autism aligned with the neurodiversity perspective, and there were similarities between neurodiversity and M?ori perspectives. Participants wanted more training and resources drawn from a M?ori worldview and available in te reo M?ori (the M?ori language). These findings have important implications for practice and future research. Lay Abstract The knowledge and attitudes of educators can have a strong influence on the experiences of autistic children who attend inclusive early childhood settings. Autistic children from under-represented ethnic groups, for example, tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children), are likely to face extra challenges and educators need to consider ways to support their cultural development. For this study, we interviewed 12 educators with recent experience supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori in inclusive early childhood settings. We constructed three themes and seven subthemes from the interview data. We found that educators' understandings of autism were mostly in line with the neurodiversity perspective, which views autism as a difference, not a disorder. We also found similarities between the neurodiversity perspective and M?ori perspectives of autism and a need for more training and resources based upon a M?ori world view and available in te reo M?ori (the M?ori language). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231181622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children): Exploring the experience of early childhood educators [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica TUPOU, Auteur ; Chevelle ATAERA, Auteur ; Carla WALLACE-WATKIN, Auteur ; Hannah WADDINGTON, Auteur . - p.705-717. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.705-717 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  cultural perspective  education services  preschool children  qualitative research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The experience of the many autistic children who attend inclusive early childhood education settings is largely shaped by the knowledge and attitudes of the educators who support them. Autistic children from under-represented ethnic groups, such as autistic M?ori, are likely to face additional challenges and educators need to consider strategies to support their cultural development. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 educators with recent experience supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children) in inclusive early childhood settings. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis resulting in three themes and seven subthemes. Overall, participants' understandings of autism aligned with the neurodiversity perspective, and there were similarities between neurodiversity and M?ori perspectives. Participants wanted more training and resources drawn from a M?ori worldview and available in te reo M?ori (the M?ori language). These findings have important implications for practice and future research. Lay Abstract The knowledge and attitudes of educators can have a strong influence on the experiences of autistic children who attend inclusive early childhood settings. Autistic children from under-represented ethnic groups, for example, tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori (autistic M?ori children), are likely to face extra challenges and educators need to consider ways to support their cultural development. For this study, we interviewed 12 educators with recent experience supporting tamariki takiw?tanga M?ori in inclusive early childhood settings. We constructed three themes and seven subthemes from the interview data. We found that educators' understandings of autism were mostly in line with the neurodiversity perspective, which views autism as a difference, not a disorder. We also found similarities between the neurodiversity perspective and M?ori perspectives of autism and a need for more training and resources based upon a M?ori world view and available in te reo M?ori (the M?ori language). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231181622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Autistic adults' inclination to lie in everyday situations / Ralph BAGNALL in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.718-731 Titre : Autistic adults' inclination to lie in everyday situations Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ralph BAGNALL, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.718-731 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  deception  memory  social cognition and social behaviour  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adolescents often have greater difficulty engaging in deception than their non-autistic peers. However, deception in autistic adulthood has received little attention to date. This study examined whether autistic and non-autistic adults differed in their inclination to lie in everyday situations and the factors that underpin this. Forty-one autistic and 41 non-autistic participants completed self-report measures relating to their inclination to lie, ability to lie and moral attitudes about the acceptability of lying. Participants also undertook a reaction-time test of lie-telling, as well as theory of mind and working memory measures. Autistic and non-autistic adults did not significantly differ in their inclination to lie in everyday situations. The degree to which lying was viewed as morally acceptable positively predicted both groups' inclination to lie. The remaining factors underpinning the inclination to lie differed between groups. Lower self-rated lying ability and slower lie speed predicted a reduced inclination to lie in autistic participants, whereas higher theory of mind and working memory capacity predicted a reduced inclination to lie in the non-autistic group. Implications for our understanding of deception in autistic and non-autistic adults are discussed. Lay abstract Differences in social communication and understanding others' mental states may mean that autistic adults are less likely to deceive others than non-autistic individuals. We investigated whether autistic and non-autistic adults differ in their inclination to lie and which psychological factors are involved in the inclination to lie. We found that autistic and non-autistic groups reported a similar inclination to lie, and the extent to which participants viewed lying as acceptable helped to explain their inclination to deceive others. However, the other underlying psychological factors associated with deception inclination differed between autistic and non-autistic groups. Autistic adults' belief about their ability to lie and also how quickly they could lie helped to explain whether they were more or less inclined to lie. For non-autistic adults, their memory and ability to understand others' mental states helped to explain their lie inclination. We discuss these findings and recommend areas for future research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231183911 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Autistic adults' inclination to lie in everyday situations [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ralph BAGNALL, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur . - p.718-731. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.718-731 Mots-clés : autism  deception  memory  social cognition and social behaviour  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adolescents often have greater difficulty engaging in deception than their non-autistic peers. However, deception in autistic adulthood has received little attention to date. This study examined whether autistic and non-autistic adults differed in their inclination to lie in everyday situations and the factors that underpin this. Forty-one autistic and 41 non-autistic participants completed self-report measures relating to their inclination to lie, ability to lie and moral attitudes about the acceptability of lying. Participants also undertook a reaction-time test of lie-telling, as well as theory of mind and working memory measures. Autistic and non-autistic adults did not significantly differ in their inclination to lie in everyday situations. The degree to which lying was viewed as morally acceptable positively predicted both groups' inclination to lie. The remaining factors underpinning the inclination to lie differed between groups. Lower self-rated lying ability and slower lie speed predicted a reduced inclination to lie in autistic participants, whereas higher theory of mind and working memory capacity predicted a reduced inclination to lie in the non-autistic group. Implications for our understanding of deception in autistic and non-autistic adults are discussed. Lay abstract Differences in social communication and understanding others' mental states may mean that autistic adults are less likely to deceive others than non-autistic individuals. We investigated whether autistic and non-autistic adults differ in their inclination to lie and which psychological factors are involved in the inclination to lie. We found that autistic and non-autistic groups reported a similar inclination to lie, and the extent to which participants viewed lying as acceptable helped to explain their inclination to deceive others. However, the other underlying psychological factors associated with deception inclination differed between autistic and non-autistic groups. Autistic adults' belief about their ability to lie and also how quickly they could lie helped to explain whether they were more or less inclined to lie. For non-autistic adults, their memory and ability to understand others' mental states helped to explain their lie inclination. We discuss these findings and recommend areas for future research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231183911 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Uncovering employment outcomes for autistic university graduates in the United Kingdom: An analysis of population data / Jonathan VINCENT in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.732-743 Titre : Uncovering employment outcomes for autistic university graduates in the United Kingdom: An analysis of population data Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan VINCENT, Auteur ; Kevin RALSTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.732-743 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  college  employment  outcomes  university Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : International research suggests that increasing numbers of autistic people are entering higher education. Currently, very little is known about this population. For example, the rates of autistic people enrolling at UK-based higher education institutions, the demographics of this population, the subjects they study and particularly their graduate outcomes are unknown. This study is an exploratory analysis of autistic graduate outcomes. We compare outcomes between autistic students, other disabled students and non-disabled students, by sex. The article draws upon population data collected by the Higher Education Statistical Agency in the United Kingdom (N = 1,326,416) across the years 2012-2018. Our findings indicate that the academic programmes studied at university by autistic students are more diverse than typically assumed. We also found that graduates make the transition into a range of employment sectors following graduation, but experience persistent and disparities in economic activity and income. We argue that higher education institutions must focus greater attention on developing more robust and effective employment transition support for autistic students and graduates. Lay abstract International research suggests that more autistic people are entering higher education. Currently, very little is known about this group in the United Kingdom, for example, we have little information about how many autistic people enrol at UK-based higher education institutions, their backgrounds, the academic programmes they study and what they do once they have graduated. Our study tries to explore these issues by comparing outcomes between autistic students, other disabled students and non-disabled students. We use population data collected by the Higher Education Statistical Agency in the United Kingdom, which included 1,326,416 graduates across the years 2012-2018. Our findings indicate that the degree subjects studied at university by autistic students are more diverse than often people think. We also found that graduates go on to work in a range of employment sectors following graduation but often experience worse outcomes in terms of access to full-time work and worse pay. We argue that universities and colleges must focus greater attention on developing better employment transition support for autistic students and graduates. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182756 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Uncovering employment outcomes for autistic university graduates in the United Kingdom: An analysis of population data [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan VINCENT, Auteur ; Kevin RALSTON, Auteur . - p.732-743. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.732-743 Mots-clés : autism  college  employment  outcomes  university Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : International research suggests that increasing numbers of autistic people are entering higher education. Currently, very little is known about this population. For example, the rates of autistic people enrolling at UK-based higher education institutions, the demographics of this population, the subjects they study and particularly their graduate outcomes are unknown. This study is an exploratory analysis of autistic graduate outcomes. We compare outcomes between autistic students, other disabled students and non-disabled students, by sex. The article draws upon population data collected by the Higher Education Statistical Agency in the United Kingdom (N = 1,326,416) across the years 2012-2018. Our findings indicate that the academic programmes studied at university by autistic students are more diverse than typically assumed. We also found that graduates make the transition into a range of employment sectors following graduation, but experience persistent and disparities in economic activity and income. We argue that higher education institutions must focus greater attention on developing more robust and effective employment transition support for autistic students and graduates. Lay abstract International research suggests that more autistic people are entering higher education. Currently, very little is known about this group in the United Kingdom, for example, we have little information about how many autistic people enrol at UK-based higher education institutions, their backgrounds, the academic programmes they study and what they do once they have graduated. Our study tries to explore these issues by comparing outcomes between autistic students, other disabled students and non-disabled students. We use population data collected by the Higher Education Statistical Agency in the United Kingdom, which included 1,326,416 graduates across the years 2012-2018. Our findings indicate that the degree subjects studied at university by autistic students are more diverse than often people think. We also found that graduates go on to work in a range of employment sectors following graduation but often experience worse outcomes in terms of access to full-time work and worse pay. We argue that universities and colleges must focus greater attention on developing better employment transition support for autistic students and graduates. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182756 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Positive and challenging themes in parents' perceptions of their relationships with their child with autism: Comparison between mothers and fathers / Shir MOSHE in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.744-754 Titre : Positive and challenging themes in parents' perceptions of their relationships with their child with autism: Comparison between mothers and fathers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shir MOSHE, Auteur ; David OPPENHEIM, Auteur ; Michal SLONIM, Auteur ; Lior HAMBURGER, Auteur ; Yael MACCABI, Auteur ; Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.744-754 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism  fathers  mothers  parent-child relationship  parents' perspectives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most studies of how parents of children with autism view the parent-child relationship used self-report questionnaires and focused on challenges. This study broadened the lens by interviewing parents using open-ended questions that provide an opportunity to raise challenging but also positive experiences. Seventy-five mother-father dyads were interviewed individually about their own and their spouses' relationships with their preschooler, and content analyses of their responses revealed nine relationship themes. In descending order, the themes mentioned most frequently by mothers were "Security and Closeness," "Love," and "Tenderness and Sensitivity," and by fathers were "Pleasure in Joint Activities," "Security and Closeness," and "Guidance." Positive themes were more common than challenging themes. Finally, more mothers mentioned the themes "Love," "Tenderness and Sensitivity," "High Involvement and Care," and "Difficulties" than did fathers, whereas more fathers mentioned the themes "Guidance," "Pleasure in Joint Activities," and "Limited Time with Child" than did mothers. The findings portray a nuanced view of the parenting experience of mothers and fathers of preschoolers with autism. Lay Abstract Most studies of how parents of children with autism see the parent-child relationship used questionnaires completed by the parents and focused on challenges. This study broadened the lens by interviewing parents using open-ended questions that provide an opportunity to raise challenging but also positive experiences. Seventy-five mother-father dyads were interviewed individually about their own and their spouses' relationships with their preschooler, and we found nine relationship themes. In descending order, the themes mentioned most frequently by mothers were "Security and Closeness," "Love," and "Tenderness and Sensitivity," and by fathers were "Pleasure in Joint Activities," "Security and Closeness," and "Guidance." Positive themes were more common than challenging themes. Finally, more mothers mentioned the themes "Love," "Tenderness and Sensitivity," "High Involvement and Care," and "Difficulties" than did fathers, whereas more fathers mentioned the themes "Guidance" and "Pleasure in Joint Activities" than did mothers. The findings portray a nuanced view of the parenting experience of mothers and fathers of preschoolers with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182513 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Positive and challenging themes in parents' perceptions of their relationships with their child with autism: Comparison between mothers and fathers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shir MOSHE, Auteur ; David OPPENHEIM, Auteur ; Michal SLONIM, Auteur ; Lior HAMBURGER, Auteur ; Yael MACCABI, Auteur ; Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur . - p.744-754. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.744-754 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism  fathers  mothers  parent-child relationship  parents' perspectives Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most studies of how parents of children with autism view the parent-child relationship used self-report questionnaires and focused on challenges. This study broadened the lens by interviewing parents using open-ended questions that provide an opportunity to raise challenging but also positive experiences. Seventy-five mother-father dyads were interviewed individually about their own and their spouses' relationships with their preschooler, and content analyses of their responses revealed nine relationship themes. In descending order, the themes mentioned most frequently by mothers were "Security and Closeness," "Love," and "Tenderness and Sensitivity," and by fathers were "Pleasure in Joint Activities," "Security and Closeness," and "Guidance." Positive themes were more common than challenging themes. Finally, more mothers mentioned the themes "Love," "Tenderness and Sensitivity," "High Involvement and Care," and "Difficulties" than did fathers, whereas more fathers mentioned the themes "Guidance," "Pleasure in Joint Activities," and "Limited Time with Child" than did mothers. The findings portray a nuanced view of the parenting experience of mothers and fathers of preschoolers with autism. Lay Abstract Most studies of how parents of children with autism see the parent-child relationship used questionnaires completed by the parents and focused on challenges. This study broadened the lens by interviewing parents using open-ended questions that provide an opportunity to raise challenging but also positive experiences. Seventy-five mother-father dyads were interviewed individually about their own and their spouses' relationships with their preschooler, and we found nine relationship themes. In descending order, the themes mentioned most frequently by mothers were "Security and Closeness," "Love," and "Tenderness and Sensitivity," and by fathers were "Pleasure in Joint Activities," "Security and Closeness," and "Guidance." Positive themes were more common than challenging themes. Finally, more mothers mentioned the themes "Love," "Tenderness and Sensitivity," "High Involvement and Care," and "Difficulties" than did fathers, whereas more fathers mentioned the themes "Guidance" and "Pleasure in Joint Activities" than did mothers. The findings portray a nuanced view of the parenting experience of mothers and fathers of preschoolers with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182513 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Using mobile health technology to assess childhood autism in low-resource community settings in India: An innovation to address the detection gap / Indu DUBEY in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.755-769 Titre : Using mobile health technology to assess childhood autism in low-resource community settings in India: An innovation to address the detection gap Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Indu DUBEY, Auteur ; Rahul BISHAIN, Auteur ; Jayashree DASGUPTA, Auteur ; Supriya BHAVNANI, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Debarati MUKHERJEE, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Sharat CHANDRAN, Auteur ; Vikram PATEL, Auteur ; Sheffali GULATI, Auteur ; Gauri DIVAN, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.755-769 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  digital health  global  LMIC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A diagnosis of autism typically depends on clinical assessments by highly trained professionals. This high resource demand poses a challenge in low-resource settings. Digital assessment of neurodevelopmental symptoms by non-specialists provides a potential avenue to address this challenge. This cross-sectional case-control field study establishes proof of principle for such a digital assessment. We developed and tested an app, START, that can be administered by non-specialists to assess autism phenotypic domains (social, sensory, motor) through child performance and parent reports. N = 131 children (2-7?years old; 48 autistic, 43 intellectually disabled and 40 non-autistic typically developing) from low-resource settings in Delhi-NCR, India were assessed using START in home settings by non-specialist health workers. The two groups of children with neurodevelopmental disorders manifested lower social preference, greater sensory interest and lower fine-motor accuracy compared to their typically developing counterparts. Parent report further distinguished autistic from non-autistic children. Machine-learning analysis combining all START-derived measures demonstrated 78% classification accuracy for the three groups. Qualitative analysis of the interviews with health workers and families of the participants demonstrated high acceptability and feasibility of the app. These results provide feasibility, acceptability and proof of principle for START, and demonstrate the potential of a scalable, mobile tool for assessing neurodevelopmental conditions in low-resource settings. Lay abstract Autism is diagnosed by highly trained professionals- but most autistic people live in parts of the world that harbour few or no such autism specialists and little autism awareness. So many autistic people go undiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and misunderstood. We designed an app (START) to identify autism and related conditions in such places, in an attempt to address this global gap in access to specialists. START uses computerised games and activities for children and a questionnaire for parents to measure social, sensory, and motor skills. To check whether START can flag undiagnosed children likely to have neurodevelopmental conditions, we tested START with children whose diagnoses already were known: Non-specialist health workers with just a high-school education took START to family homes in poor neighbourhoods of Delhi, India to work with 131 two-to-seven-year-olds. Differences between typically and atypically developing children were highlighted in all three types of skills that START assesses: children with neurodevelopmental conditions preferred looking at geometric patterns rather than social scenes, were fascinated by predictable, repetitive sensory stimuli, and had more trouble with precise hand movements. Parents' responses to surveys further distinguished autistic from non-autistic children. An artificial-intelligence technique combining all these measures demonstrated that START can fairly accurately flag atypically developing children. Health workers and families endorsed START as attractive to most children, understandable to health workers, and adaptable within sometimes chaotic home and family environments. This study provides a proof of principle for START in digital screening of autism and related conditions in community settings. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Using mobile health technology to assess childhood autism in low-resource community settings in India: An innovation to address the detection gap [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Indu DUBEY, Auteur ; Rahul BISHAIN, Auteur ; Jayashree DASGUPTA, Auteur ; Supriya BHAVNANI, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur ; Teodora GLIGA, Auteur ; Debarati MUKHERJEE, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Sharat CHANDRAN, Auteur ; Vikram PATEL, Auteur ; Sheffali GULATI, Auteur ; Gauri DIVAN, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur . - p.755-769. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.755-769 Mots-clés : Autism  digital health  global  LMIC Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A diagnosis of autism typically depends on clinical assessments by highly trained professionals. This high resource demand poses a challenge in low-resource settings. Digital assessment of neurodevelopmental symptoms by non-specialists provides a potential avenue to address this challenge. This cross-sectional case-control field study establishes proof of principle for such a digital assessment. We developed and tested an app, START, that can be administered by non-specialists to assess autism phenotypic domains (social, sensory, motor) through child performance and parent reports. N = 131 children (2-7?years old; 48 autistic, 43 intellectually disabled and 40 non-autistic typically developing) from low-resource settings in Delhi-NCR, India were assessed using START in home settings by non-specialist health workers. The two groups of children with neurodevelopmental disorders manifested lower social preference, greater sensory interest and lower fine-motor accuracy compared to their typically developing counterparts. Parent report further distinguished autistic from non-autistic children. Machine-learning analysis combining all START-derived measures demonstrated 78% classification accuracy for the three groups. Qualitative analysis of the interviews with health workers and families of the participants demonstrated high acceptability and feasibility of the app. These results provide feasibility, acceptability and proof of principle for START, and demonstrate the potential of a scalable, mobile tool for assessing neurodevelopmental conditions in low-resource settings. Lay abstract Autism is diagnosed by highly trained professionals- but most autistic people live in parts of the world that harbour few or no such autism specialists and little autism awareness. So many autistic people go undiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and misunderstood. We designed an app (START) to identify autism and related conditions in such places, in an attempt to address this global gap in access to specialists. START uses computerised games and activities for children and a questionnaire for parents to measure social, sensory, and motor skills. To check whether START can flag undiagnosed children likely to have neurodevelopmental conditions, we tested START with children whose diagnoses already were known: Non-specialist health workers with just a high-school education took START to family homes in poor neighbourhoods of Delhi, India to work with 131 two-to-seven-year-olds. Differences between typically and atypically developing children were highlighted in all three types of skills that START assesses: children with neurodevelopmental conditions preferred looking at geometric patterns rather than social scenes, were fascinated by predictable, repetitive sensory stimuli, and had more trouble with precise hand movements. Parents' responses to surveys further distinguished autistic from non-autistic children. An artificial-intelligence technique combining all these measures demonstrated that START can fairly accurately flag atypically developing children. Health workers and families endorsed START as attractive to most children, understandable to health workers, and adaptable within sometimes chaotic home and family environments. This study provides a proof of principle for START in digital screening of autism and related conditions in community settings. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231182801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Short report: Recommendations for education, clinical practice, research, and policy on promoting well-being in autistic youth and adults through a positive focus on sexuality and gender diversity / Jeroen DEWINTER in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.770-779 Titre : Short report: Recommendations for education, clinical practice, research, and policy on promoting well-being in autistic youth and adults through a positive focus on sexuality and gender diversity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeroen DEWINTER, Auteur ; Morénike Giwa ONAIWU, Auteur ; Maria L. MASSOLO, Auteur ; Reid CAPLAN, Auteur ; Els VAN BENEDEN, Auteur ; Nikki BRÖRMANN, Auteur ; Eileen T. CREHAN, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Dena L. GASSNER, Auteur ; Laura GRAHAM HOLMES, Auteur ; Cat HUGHES, Auteur ; Morrigan HUNTER, Auteur ; Monique HUYSAMEN, Auteur ; Paola JELONCHE, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Heta PUKKI, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Anna IR VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.770-779 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  gender diversity  policy  recommendations  sexual health  sexuality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This short report presents recommendations to promote health and well-being relating to sexuality and gender diversity in autistic individuals. The recommendations were developed based on the latest available scientific knowledge coupled with a community-driven approach. An international group of autistic and non-autistic experts in the fields of autism, sexuality, and gender diversity and autistic advocates worked together to develop the initial recommendations; these recommendations were subsequently checked within the wider community through an online survey. Out of the original 11 recommendations, eight were rated above a consensus threshold. The final recommendations cover three themes: (1) providing education and information on sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity to autistic individuals and their families; (2) improving expertise in and accessibility to healthcare for sexuality, relationships, and gender-related questions, with specific attention to prevention of and support after sexual victimization; and (3) meaningful inclusion of the autism community in future research that addresses well-being related to sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity. The recommendations emphasize the need for additional awareness and offer cues to parents, professionals, and policymakers to promote sexual health and well-being of autistic individuals. Lay Abstract In this article, we propose recommendations on what we can do to promote that autistic people can enjoy their sexuality and gender identity, because that contributes to overall well-being. First, we briefly summarize the existing research on sexuality and gender diversity in autistic individuals. Next, we propose recommendations for how to promote sexual and gender diversity-related health and well-being. Based on what is known about sexuality, gender diversity, and relationships in autistic adolescents and adults, we convened an international group of autistic and non-autistic researchers, advocates, parents, and professionals to develop recommendations to promote sexual and gender health in autistic people. The resulting recommendations were checked through an online survey distributed to autistic people across the world. The online participants endorsed the importance of eight final recommendations related to: 1.Providing education and information on sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity to autistic individuals and their families; 2.Improving expertise in and accessibility to healthcare for sexuality, relationships, and gender-related questions, with specific attention to prevention of and support after sexual victimization; and 3.Meaningfully including the autism community in future research that addresses well-being relating to sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity. These community-driven recommendations aim to promote sexual health and well-being in autistic individuals internationally. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231188349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Short report: Recommendations for education, clinical practice, research, and policy on promoting well-being in autistic youth and adults through a positive focus on sexuality and gender diversity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeroen DEWINTER, Auteur ; Morénike Giwa ONAIWU, Auteur ; Maria L. MASSOLO, Auteur ; Reid CAPLAN, Auteur ; Els VAN BENEDEN, Auteur ; Nikki BRÖRMANN, Auteur ; Eileen T. CREHAN, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Dena L. GASSNER, Auteur ; Laura GRAHAM HOLMES, Auteur ; Cat HUGHES, Auteur ; Morrigan HUNTER, Auteur ; Monique HUYSAMEN, Auteur ; Paola JELONCHE, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Heta PUKKI, Auteur ; Mark A. STOKES, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Anna IR VAN DER MIESEN, Auteur . - p.770-779. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.770-779 Mots-clés : autism  gender diversity  policy  recommendations  sexual health  sexuality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This short report presents recommendations to promote health and well-being relating to sexuality and gender diversity in autistic individuals. The recommendations were developed based on the latest available scientific knowledge coupled with a community-driven approach. An international group of autistic and non-autistic experts in the fields of autism, sexuality, and gender diversity and autistic advocates worked together to develop the initial recommendations; these recommendations were subsequently checked within the wider community through an online survey. Out of the original 11 recommendations, eight were rated above a consensus threshold. The final recommendations cover three themes: (1) providing education and information on sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity to autistic individuals and their families; (2) improving expertise in and accessibility to healthcare for sexuality, relationships, and gender-related questions, with specific attention to prevention of and support after sexual victimization; and (3) meaningful inclusion of the autism community in future research that addresses well-being related to sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity. The recommendations emphasize the need for additional awareness and offer cues to parents, professionals, and policymakers to promote sexual health and well-being of autistic individuals. Lay Abstract In this article, we propose recommendations on what we can do to promote that autistic people can enjoy their sexuality and gender identity, because that contributes to overall well-being. First, we briefly summarize the existing research on sexuality and gender diversity in autistic individuals. Next, we propose recommendations for how to promote sexual and gender diversity-related health and well-being. Based on what is known about sexuality, gender diversity, and relationships in autistic adolescents and adults, we convened an international group of autistic and non-autistic researchers, advocates, parents, and professionals to develop recommendations to promote sexual and gender health in autistic people. The resulting recommendations were checked through an online survey distributed to autistic people across the world. The online participants endorsed the importance of eight final recommendations related to: 1.Providing education and information on sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity to autistic individuals and their families; 2.Improving expertise in and accessibility to healthcare for sexuality, relationships, and gender-related questions, with specific attention to prevention of and support after sexual victimization; and 3.Meaningfully including the autism community in future research that addresses well-being relating to sexuality, relationships, and gender diversity. These community-driven recommendations aim to promote sexual health and well-being in autistic individuals internationally. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231188349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Short report on navigating access to care for Medicaid-enrolled autistic youth and young adults: Examining accrual of intellectual disability diagnoses in adolescence / Meghan E. Carey in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.780-785 Titre : Short report on navigating access to care for Medicaid-enrolled autistic youth and young adults: Examining accrual of intellectual disability diagnoses in adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meghan E. Carey, Auteur ; Katherine ARDELEANU, Auteur ; Steven C. MARCUS, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; David MANDELL, Auteur ; Andrew J. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.780-785 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  autism spectrum disorders  health services  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Medicaid is a major insurer of autistic people. However, during the transition to adulthood, autistic individuals are more likely than people with intellectual disability to lose their Medicaid benefits. Individuals with intellectual disability may have greater success maintaining Medicaid coverage during this time because most states provide coverage to individuals with intellectual disability throughout adulthood, which is not the case for autism. Using national Medicaid data from 2008 to 2016, we estimated the probability of intellectual disability diagnosis accrual among autistic Medicaid beneficiaries. Medicaid beneficiaries ages 8 to 25 with 1+?inpatient or 2+?outpatient autism spectrum disorder claims, but no intellectual disability claim, in a 12-month eligibility period were included. We used a person-month discrete-time proportional hazards model. Disruptions in Medicaid coverage were operationalized as 2+?consecutive months of no coverage before coverage resumed (yes/no). One in five autistic individuals ages 8-25 accrued an intellectual disability diagnosis. The probability of accruing an intellectual disability diagnosis was higher among autistic individuals who had disruptions in Medicaid coverage compared to those without disruptions, and peaked at age 21 (during the transition to adulthood). Expanding Medicaid to cover autistic people of all ages could decrease the need for intellectual disability diagnosis accrual and improve health outcomes for autistic adults. Lay abstract What is known? In most states, Medicaid waivers provide individuals with an intellectual disability diagnosis generous healthcare coverage throughout adulthood. By comparison, fewer Medicaid programs are available for autistic individuals, and they are more likely to experience disruptions, or gaps, in Medicaid coverage and subsequently not re-enroll. What this paper adds? One in five autistic individuals with Medicaid coverage between ages 8 and 25 accrued a new intellectual disability diagnosis. The probability of a new intellectual disability diagnosis was higher among those who had previous disruptions in Medicaid coverage. Implications for research and policy. Expanding Medicaid to cover autistic people of all ages could decrease the need for intellectual disability diagnosis accrual. Input from autistic individuals and their families regarding their health insurance access and healthcare experiences is critically important to understanding next steps for research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Short report on navigating access to care for Medicaid-enrolled autistic youth and young adults: Examining accrual of intellectual disability diagnoses in adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meghan E. Carey, Auteur ; Katherine ARDELEANU, Auteur ; Steven C. MARCUS, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; David MANDELL, Auteur ; Andrew J. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur . - p.780-785. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.780-785 Mots-clés : adolescents  autism spectrum disorders  health services  policy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Medicaid is a major insurer of autistic people. However, during the transition to adulthood, autistic individuals are more likely than people with intellectual disability to lose their Medicaid benefits. Individuals with intellectual disability may have greater success maintaining Medicaid coverage during this time because most states provide coverage to individuals with intellectual disability throughout adulthood, which is not the case for autism. Using national Medicaid data from 2008 to 2016, we estimated the probability of intellectual disability diagnosis accrual among autistic Medicaid beneficiaries. Medicaid beneficiaries ages 8 to 25 with 1+?inpatient or 2+?outpatient autism spectrum disorder claims, but no intellectual disability claim, in a 12-month eligibility period were included. We used a person-month discrete-time proportional hazards model. Disruptions in Medicaid coverage were operationalized as 2+?consecutive months of no coverage before coverage resumed (yes/no). One in five autistic individuals ages 8-25 accrued an intellectual disability diagnosis. The probability of accruing an intellectual disability diagnosis was higher among autistic individuals who had disruptions in Medicaid coverage compared to those without disruptions, and peaked at age 21 (during the transition to adulthood). Expanding Medicaid to cover autistic people of all ages could decrease the need for intellectual disability diagnosis accrual and improve health outcomes for autistic adults. Lay abstract What is known? In most states, Medicaid waivers provide individuals with an intellectual disability diagnosis generous healthcare coverage throughout adulthood. By comparison, fewer Medicaid programs are available for autistic individuals, and they are more likely to experience disruptions, or gaps, in Medicaid coverage and subsequently not re-enroll. What this paper adds? One in five autistic individuals with Medicaid coverage between ages 8 and 25 accrued a new intellectual disability diagnosis. The probability of a new intellectual disability diagnosis was higher among those who had previous disruptions in Medicaid coverage. Implications for research and policy. Expanding Medicaid to cover autistic people of all ages could decrease the need for intellectual disability diagnosis accrual. Input from autistic individuals and their families regarding their health insurance access and healthcare experiences is critically important to understanding next steps for research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231177559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Letter to the Editor: A possible threat to data integrity for online qualitative autism research / Elizabeth PELLICANO in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.786-792 Titre : Letter to the Editor: A possible threat to data integrity for online qualitative autism research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Dawn ADAMS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Calliope HOLLINGUE, Auteur ; Connie ALLEN, Auteur ; Katherine ALMENDINGER, Auteur ; Monique BOTHA, Auteur ; Tori HAAR, Auteur ; Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Elizabeth WHEELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.786-792 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : fraud  imposter  research participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Researchers are increasingly relying on online methods for data collection, including for qualitative research involving interviews and focus groups. In this letter, we alert autism researchers to a possible threat to data integrity in such studies: "scammer" participants, who may be posing as autistic people and/or parents of autistic children in research studies, presumably for financial gain. Here, we caution qualitative autism researchers to be vigilant of potential scammer participants in their online studies and invite a broader discussion about the implications of such fraudulent acts. Lay abstract Doing research online, via Zoom, Teams, or live chat, is becoming more and more common. It can help researchers to reach more people, including from different parts of the world. It can also make the research more accessible for participants, especially those with different communication preferences. However, online research can have its downsides too. We have recently been involved in three studies in which we had in-depth discussions with autistic people and/or parents of autistic children about various topics. It turns out, though, that some of these participants were not genuine. Instead, we believe they were "scammer participants": people posing as autistic people or parents of autistic children, possibly to gain money from doing the research. This is a real problem because we need research data that we can trust. In this letter, we encourage autism researchers to be wary of scammer participants in their own research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231174543 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Letter to the Editor: A possible threat to data integrity for online qualitative autism research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Dawn ADAMS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Calliope HOLLINGUE, Auteur ; Connie ALLEN, Auteur ; Katherine ALMENDINGER, Auteur ; Monique BOTHA, Auteur ; Tori HAAR, Auteur ; Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Elizabeth WHEELEY, Auteur . - p.786-792. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.786-792 Mots-clés : fraud  imposter  research participation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Researchers are increasingly relying on online methods for data collection, including for qualitative research involving interviews and focus groups. In this letter, we alert autism researchers to a possible threat to data integrity in such studies: "scammer" participants, who may be posing as autistic people and/or parents of autistic children in research studies, presumably for financial gain. Here, we caution qualitative autism researchers to be vigilant of potential scammer participants in their online studies and invite a broader discussion about the implications of such fraudulent acts. Lay abstract Doing research online, via Zoom, Teams, or live chat, is becoming more and more common. It can help researchers to reach more people, including from different parts of the world. It can also make the research more accessible for participants, especially those with different communication preferences. However, online research can have its downsides too. We have recently been involved in three studies in which we had in-depth discussions with autistic people and/or parents of autistic children about various topics. It turns out, though, that some of these participants were not genuine. Instead, we believe they were "scammer participants": people posing as autistic people or parents of autistic children, possibly to gain money from doing the research. This is a real problem because we need research data that we can trust. In this letter, we encourage autism researchers to be wary of scammer participants in their own research. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231174543 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523