Dépouillements

A conceptual model of risk and protective factors for autistic burnout / Jane MANTZALAS in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.976-987 Titre : A conceptual model of risk and protective factors for autistic burnout Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jane MANTZALAS, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.976-987 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications/psychology  Burnout, Professional/psychology  Burnout, Psychological  Humans  Protective Factors  Quality of Life  autism  autistic burnout  burnout  conservation of resources theory  job demands-resources model  neurodiversity  social-relational model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early qualitative research indicates that autistic burnout is commonly experienced by autistic people and is associated with significant, negative consequences for their mental health, wellbeing, and quality of life, including suicidality. Findings to date suggest that factors associated with being autistic and the widespread lack of autism awareness and acceptance within society contribute to the onset and recurrence of autistic burnout. Based on autistic adults' descriptions of their lived experiences, a Conceptual Model of Autistic Burnout (CMAB) is proposed, which describes a series of hypothesized relationships between identified risk and protective factors that may contribute to, or buffer against, autistic burnout. The theoretical framework for the CMAB is based on the Social-Relational model of disability and neurodiversity paradigm, and the Job Demands-Resources model of burnout, and Conservation of Resources theory. The CMAB offers a holistic perspective for understanding individual, social, and environmental factors that can influence autistic burnout via various direct and indirect pathways. Autistic burnout research is in its infancy and the CMAB provides a foundation for future investigations about this condition. LAY SUMMARY: Although many autistic people describe experiencing autistic burnout, there has been little research on this topic. Based on descriptions of autistic peoples' lived experiences, we developed a conceptual model to explore how various risk and protective factors may interact to contribute to, or prevent, autistic burnout. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2722 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] A conceptual model of risk and protective factors for autistic burnout [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jane MANTZALAS, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur . - p.976-987. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.976-987 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications/psychology  Burnout, Professional/psychology  Burnout, Psychological  Humans  Protective Factors  Quality of Life  autism  autistic burnout  burnout  conservation of resources theory  job demands-resources model  neurodiversity  social-relational model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early qualitative research indicates that autistic burnout is commonly experienced by autistic people and is associated with significant, negative consequences for their mental health, wellbeing, and quality of life, including suicidality. Findings to date suggest that factors associated with being autistic and the widespread lack of autism awareness and acceptance within society contribute to the onset and recurrence of autistic burnout. Based on autistic adults' descriptions of their lived experiences, a Conceptual Model of Autistic Burnout (CMAB) is proposed, which describes a series of hypothesized relationships between identified risk and protective factors that may contribute to, or buffer against, autistic burnout. The theoretical framework for the CMAB is based on the Social-Relational model of disability and neurodiversity paradigm, and the Job Demands-Resources model of burnout, and Conservation of Resources theory. The CMAB offers a holistic perspective for understanding individual, social, and environmental factors that can influence autistic burnout via various direct and indirect pathways. Autistic burnout research is in its infancy and the CMAB provides a foundation for future investigations about this condition. LAY SUMMARY: Although many autistic people describe experiencing autistic burnout, there has been little research on this topic. Based on descriptions of autistic peoples' lived experiences, we developed a conceptual model to explore how various risk and protective factors may interact to contribute to, or prevent, autistic burnout. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2722 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Assessing the utility of electronic measures as a proxy for cognitive ability / Tess LEVY in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.988-995 Titre : Assessing the utility of electronic measures as a proxy for cognitive ability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tess LEVY, Auteur ; Bari BRITVAN, Auteur ; Hannah GROSMAN, Auteur ; Ivy GISERMAN-KISS, Auteur ; Kristin MEYERING, Auteur ; Jordana WEISSMAN, Auteur ; Danielle B. HALPERN, Auteur ; Jessica ZWEIFACH, Auteur ; M. Pilar TRELLES, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Elise B. ROBINSON, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Somer BISHOP, Auteur ; Paige M. SIPER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.988-995 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Large-scale genomic studies have identified over 100 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, important phenotypic variables are captured inconsistently. In many cases, the resources required for comprehensive characterization hinder the feasibility of collecting critical information, such as intellectual ability. Thus, electronic collection of important phenotypes would greatly facilitate large-scale data collection efforts. This study assessed the utility of two electronic assessments as a proxy of cognitive ability relative to clinician-administered cognitive assessments. Ninety-two participants completed the study, including individuals with ASD (probands, n = 19), parents of probands (n = 46), and siblings without ASD (n = 27). Participants were administered the electronic-Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (e-PPVT-4), an electronic visual reasoning (VR) test, and a clinician-administered Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II). Probands also completed a full, in-person, cognitive assessment and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 2nd Edition. Correlations between scores on electronic and clinician-administered measures were examined. Classification accuracy of individual scores based on 95% confidence intervals and score range (below average, average, above average) were also assessed. Moderate to strong correlations were identified between both electronic measures and the clinician-administered WASI-II (? = 0.606?0.712). Mean difference between standard scores ranged from 10.7 to 14.8 for the cohort. Classification accuracy based on WASI-II 95% confidence interval was consistently low (27.5%?47.3%). Classification accuracy by score range (below average, average, above average) was variable, ranging from 33% to 86% for probands. All participants unable to complete the electronic assessments met DSM-5 criteria for intellectual disability. e-PPVT-4 and VR scores were strongly correlated with scores on the WASI-II full-scale IQ (? = 0.630, 0.712), indicating utility of these measures at the group level in large-scale genomic studies. However, the poor precision of measurement across both measures suggests that the e-PPVT-4 and VR are not useful alternatives to in-person testing for the purpose of clinical assessment of an individual's IQ score. Lay Summary Large-scale studies designed to identify genes associated with autism have been successful in identifying over 100 genes. However, important clinical information about participants with autism and their family members is often missed?including cognitive functioning. Cognitive testing requires in-person administration by a trained clinician and therefore can be burdensome and often reduces feasibility of diverse samples. Here, we assessed whether electronic assessments could take the place of in-person cognitive testing. We found that at the group level, for large-scale studies, electronic measures added valuable information; however, they were not accurate enough to be used on an individual level (i.e., to offer feedback about an individual's predicted IQ score). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Assessing the utility of electronic measures as a proxy for cognitive ability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tess LEVY, Auteur ; Bari BRITVAN, Auteur ; Hannah GROSMAN, Auteur ; Ivy GISERMAN-KISS, Auteur ; Kristin MEYERING, Auteur ; Jordana WEISSMAN, Auteur ; Danielle B. HALPERN, Auteur ; Jessica ZWEIFACH, Auteur ; M. Pilar TRELLES, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur ; Stephan J. SANDERS, Auteur ; Elise B. ROBINSON, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Somer BISHOP, Auteur ; Paige M. SIPER, Auteur . - p.988-995. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.988-995 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Large-scale genomic studies have identified over 100 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, important phenotypic variables are captured inconsistently. In many cases, the resources required for comprehensive characterization hinder the feasibility of collecting critical information, such as intellectual ability. Thus, electronic collection of important phenotypes would greatly facilitate large-scale data collection efforts. This study assessed the utility of two electronic assessments as a proxy of cognitive ability relative to clinician-administered cognitive assessments. Ninety-two participants completed the study, including individuals with ASD (probands, n = 19), parents of probands (n = 46), and siblings without ASD (n = 27). Participants were administered the electronic-Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (e-PPVT-4), an electronic visual reasoning (VR) test, and a clinician-administered Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II). Probands also completed a full, in-person, cognitive assessment and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 2nd Edition. Correlations between scores on electronic and clinician-administered measures were examined. Classification accuracy of individual scores based on 95% confidence intervals and score range (below average, average, above average) were also assessed. Moderate to strong correlations were identified between both electronic measures and the clinician-administered WASI-II (? = 0.606?0.712). Mean difference between standard scores ranged from 10.7 to 14.8 for the cohort. Classification accuracy based on WASI-II 95% confidence interval was consistently low (27.5%?47.3%). Classification accuracy by score range (below average, average, above average) was variable, ranging from 33% to 86% for probands. All participants unable to complete the electronic assessments met DSM-5 criteria for intellectual disability. e-PPVT-4 and VR scores were strongly correlated with scores on the WASI-II full-scale IQ (? = 0.630, 0.712), indicating utility of these measures at the group level in large-scale genomic studies. However, the poor precision of measurement across both measures suggests that the e-PPVT-4 and VR are not useful alternatives to in-person testing for the purpose of clinical assessment of an individual's IQ score. Lay Summary Large-scale studies designed to identify genes associated with autism have been successful in identifying over 100 genes. However, important clinical information about participants with autism and their family members is often missed?including cognitive functioning. Cognitive testing requires in-person administration by a trained clinician and therefore can be burdensome and often reduces feasibility of diverse samples. Here, we assessed whether electronic assessments could take the place of in-person cognitive testing. We found that at the group level, for large-scale studies, electronic measures added valuable information; however, they were not accurate enough to be used on an individual level (i.e., to offer feedback about an individual's predicted IQ score). En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2704 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder / Xinyan XIE in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007 Titre : Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.996-1007 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Bacteria/genetics  Case-Control Studies  Child  Dysbiosis/complications  Feces/microbiology  Humans  Microbiota  Phylogeny  Chinese Han population  autism spectrum disorder  children  gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xinyan XIE, Auteur ; Li LI, Auteur ; Xiaoqian WU, Auteur ; Fang HOU, Auteur ; Yanlin CHEN, Auteur ; Liuwei SHI, Auteur ; Qi LIU, Auteur ; Kaiheng ZHU, Auteur ; Qi JIANG, Auteur ; Yanan FENG, Auteur ; Pei XIAO, Auteur ; Jiajia ZHANG, Auteur ; Jianhua GONG, Auteur ; Ranran SONG, Auteur . - p.996-1007. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.996-1007 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Bacteria/genetics  Case-Control Studies  Child  Dysbiosis/complications  Feces/microbiology  Humans  Microbiota  Phylogeny  Chinese Han population  autism spectrum disorder  children  gut microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut microbiota. However, there has been little consensus on the altered bacterial species and studies have had small sample sizes. We aimed to identify the taxonomic composition and evaluate the changes in the fecal microbiota in Chinese children with ASD by using a relatively large sample size. We conducted a case-control study of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. Demographic information and fecal samples were collected, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. The alpha and beta diversities between the two groups were significantly different. After correcting for multiple comparisons, at the phylum level the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The relative abundance of the Escherichia-Shigella genus in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the control group were higher than that of the case group. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis showed that children with ASD may have disturbed functional pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. This study revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Chinese children with ASD and provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study characterized the gut microbiota composition of 101 children with ASD and 103 healthy controls in China. The altered gut microbiota may contribute significantly to the risk of ASD, including significant increases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and significant decrease of Blautia and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae. This study provided further evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2718 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

An atlas of genetic correlations between gestational age and common psychiatric disorders / Yao YAO in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1008-1017 Titre : An atlas of genetic correlations between gestational age and common psychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yao YAO, Auteur ; Chun'e LI, Auteur ; Peilin MENG, Auteur ; Bolun CHENG, Auteur ; Shiqiang CHENG, Auteur ; Li LIU, Auteur ; Xuena YANG, Auteur ; Yumeng JIA, Auteur ; Yan WEN, Auteur ; Feng ZHANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1008-1017 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Depressive Disorder, Major/genetics  Female  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Genome-Wide Association Study  Gestational Age  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Mendelian Randomization Analysis  Premature Birth/genetics  Proteomics  genetic correlation  linkage disequilibrium score regression  psychiatric disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aim to systematically explore the potential genetic correlations between five major psychiatric disorders and gestational ages. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in discovery were downloaded from the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium (PGC) website. Suggestive (Raw p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2719 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] An atlas of genetic correlations between gestational age and common psychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yao YAO, Auteur ; Chun'e LI, Auteur ; Peilin MENG, Auteur ; Bolun CHENG, Auteur ; Shiqiang CHENG, Auteur ; Li LIU, Auteur ; Xuena YANG, Auteur ; Yumeng JIA, Auteur ; Yan WEN, Auteur ; Feng ZHANG, Auteur . - p.1008-1017. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1008-1017 Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Depressive Disorder, Major/genetics  Female  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Genome-Wide Association Study  Gestational Age  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Mendelian Randomization Analysis  Premature Birth/genetics  Proteomics  genetic correlation  linkage disequilibrium score regression  psychiatric disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aim to systematically explore the potential genetic correlations between five major psychiatric disorders and gestational ages. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in discovery were downloaded from the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium (PGC) website. Suggestive (Raw p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2719 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Vocal markers of autism: Assessing the generalizability of machine learning models / Astrid RYBNER in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1018-1030 Titre : Vocal markers of autism: Assessing the generalizability of machine learning models Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Astrid RYBNER, Auteur ; Emil TRENCKNER JESSEN, Auteur ; Marie DAMSGAARD MORTENSEN, Auteur ; Stine Nyhus LARSEN, Auteur ; Ruth GROSSMAN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Ethan WEED, Auteur ; Arndis SIMONSEN, Auteur ; Riccardo FUSAROLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1018-1030 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Biomarkers  Humans  Machine Learning  Speech  Voice  biobehavioral markers  generalizability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Machine learning (ML) approaches show increasing promise in their ability to identify vocal markers of autism. Nonetheless, it is unclear to what extent such markers generalize to new speech samples collected, for example, using a different speech task or in a different language. In this paper, we systematically assess the generalizability of ML findings across a variety of contexts. We train promising published ML models of vocal markers of autism on novel cross-linguistic datasets following a rigorous pipeline to minimize overfitting, including cross-validated training and ensemble models. We test the generalizability of the models by testing them on (i) different participants from the same study, performing the same task; (ii) the same participants, performing a different (but similar) task; (iii) a different study with participants speaking a different language, performing the same type of task. While model performance is similar to previously published findings when trained and tested on data from the same study (out-of-sample performance), there is considerable variance between studies. Crucially, the models do not generalize well to different, though similar, tasks and not at all to new languages. The ML pipeline is openly shared. Generalizability of ML models of vocal markers of autism is an issue. We outline three recommendations for strategies researchers could take to be more explicit about generalizability and improve it in future studies. LAY SUMMARY: Machine learning approaches promise to be able to identify autism from voice only. These models underestimate how diverse the contexts in which we speak are, how diverse the languages used are and how diverse autistic voices are. Machine learning approaches need to be more careful in defining their limits and generalizability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Vocal markers of autism: Assessing the generalizability of machine learning models [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Astrid RYBNER, Auteur ; Emil TRENCKNER JESSEN, Auteur ; Marie DAMSGAARD MORTENSEN, Auteur ; Stine Nyhus LARSEN, Auteur ; Ruth GROSSMAN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Ethan WEED, Auteur ; Arndis SIMONSEN, Auteur ; Riccardo FUSAROLI, Auteur . - p.1018-1030. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1018-1030 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Biomarkers  Humans  Machine Learning  Speech  Voice  biobehavioral markers  generalizability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Machine learning (ML) approaches show increasing promise in their ability to identify vocal markers of autism. Nonetheless, it is unclear to what extent such markers generalize to new speech samples collected, for example, using a different speech task or in a different language. In this paper, we systematically assess the generalizability of ML findings across a variety of contexts. We train promising published ML models of vocal markers of autism on novel cross-linguistic datasets following a rigorous pipeline to minimize overfitting, including cross-validated training and ensemble models. We test the generalizability of the models by testing them on (i) different participants from the same study, performing the same task; (ii) the same participants, performing a different (but similar) task; (iii) a different study with participants speaking a different language, performing the same type of task. While model performance is similar to previously published findings when trained and tested on data from the same study (out-of-sample performance), there is considerable variance between studies. Crucially, the models do not generalize well to different, though similar, tasks and not at all to new languages. The ML pipeline is openly shared. Generalizability of ML models of vocal markers of autism is an issue. We outline three recommendations for strategies researchers could take to be more explicit about generalizability and improve it in future studies. LAY SUMMARY: Machine learning approaches promise to be able to identify autism from voice only. These models underestimate how diverse the contexts in which we speak are, how diverse the languages used are and how diverse autistic voices are. Machine learning approaches need to be more careful in defining their limits and generalizability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Evaluation of electroencephalography biomarkers for Angelman syndrome during overnight sleep / Yuval LEVIN in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1031-1042 Titre : Evaluation of electroencephalography biomarkers for Angelman syndrome during overnight sleep Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yuval LEVIN, Auteur ; Nishitha S. HOSAMANE, Auteur ; Taylor E. MCNAIR, Auteur ; Shrujana S. KUNNAM, Auteur ; Benjamin D. PHILPOT, Auteur ; Zheng FAN, Auteur ; Michael S. SIDOROV, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1031-1042 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Angelman Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Biomarkers  Electroencephalography  Humans  Retrospective Studies  Sleep/physiology  Angelman syndrome  Eeg  biomarker  delta  sleep  spindle  Medpace, Inc. for EEG analysis. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the maternal copy of the UBE3A gene. AS is characterized by intellectual disability, impaired speech and motor skills, epilepsy, and sleep disruptions. Multiple treatment strategies to re-express functional neuronal UBE3A from the dormant paternal allele were successful in rodent models of AS and have now moved to early phase clinical trials in children. Developing reliable and objective AS biomarkers is essential to guide the design and execution of current and future clinical trials. Our prior work quantified short daytime electroencephalograms (EEGs) to define promising biomarkers for AS. Here, we asked whether overnight sleep is better suited to detect AS EEG biomarkers. We retrospectively analyzed EEGs from 12 overnight sleep studies from individuals with AS with age and sex-matched Down syndrome and neurotypical controls, focusing on low frequency (2-4?Hz) delta rhythms and sleep spindles. Delta EEG rhythms were increased in individuals with AS during all stages of overnight sleep, but overnight sleep did not provide additional benefit over wake in the ability to detect increased delta. Abnormal sleep spindles were not reliably detected in EEGs from individuals with AS during overnight sleep, suggesting that delta rhythms represent a more reliable biomarker. Overall, we conclude that periods of wakefulness are sufficient, and perhaps ideal, to quantify delta EEG rhythms for use as AS biomarkers. LAY SUMMARY: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a safe and reliable way of measuring abnormal brain activity in Angelman syndrome. We found that low-frequency "delta" EEG rhythms are increased in individuals with Angelman syndrome during all stages of overnight sleep. Delta rhythms can be used as a tool to measure improvement in future clinical trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2709 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Evaluation of electroencephalography biomarkers for Angelman syndrome during overnight sleep [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yuval LEVIN, Auteur ; Nishitha S. HOSAMANE, Auteur ; Taylor E. MCNAIR, Auteur ; Shrujana S. KUNNAM, Auteur ; Benjamin D. PHILPOT, Auteur ; Zheng FAN, Auteur ; Michael S. SIDOROV, Auteur . - p.1031-1042. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1031-1042 Mots-clés : Angelman Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/genetics  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Biomarkers  Electroencephalography  Humans  Retrospective Studies  Sleep/physiology  Angelman syndrome  Eeg  biomarker  delta  sleep  spindle  Medpace, Inc. for EEG analysis. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the maternal copy of the UBE3A gene. AS is characterized by intellectual disability, impaired speech and motor skills, epilepsy, and sleep disruptions. Multiple treatment strategies to re-express functional neuronal UBE3A from the dormant paternal allele were successful in rodent models of AS and have now moved to early phase clinical trials in children. Developing reliable and objective AS biomarkers is essential to guide the design and execution of current and future clinical trials. Our prior work quantified short daytime electroencephalograms (EEGs) to define promising biomarkers for AS. Here, we asked whether overnight sleep is better suited to detect AS EEG biomarkers. We retrospectively analyzed EEGs from 12 overnight sleep studies from individuals with AS with age and sex-matched Down syndrome and neurotypical controls, focusing on low frequency (2-4?Hz) delta rhythms and sleep spindles. Delta EEG rhythms were increased in individuals with AS during all stages of overnight sleep, but overnight sleep did not provide additional benefit over wake in the ability to detect increased delta. Abnormal sleep spindles were not reliably detected in EEGs from individuals with AS during overnight sleep, suggesting that delta rhythms represent a more reliable biomarker. Overall, we conclude that periods of wakefulness are sufficient, and perhaps ideal, to quantify delta EEG rhythms for use as AS biomarkers. LAY SUMMARY: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a safe and reliable way of measuring abnormal brain activity in Angelman syndrome. We found that low-frequency "delta" EEG rhythms are increased in individuals with Angelman syndrome during all stages of overnight sleep. Delta rhythms can be used as a tool to measure improvement in future clinical trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2709 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys / Xiao-E. CAI in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1043-1055 Titre : The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xiao-E. CAI, Auteur ; Jiao LE, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Gao-Wa WU-YUN, Auteur ; Xiao-Xi WANG, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Ji-Sheng HAN, Auteur ; Keith M. KENDRICK, Auteur ; Rong ZHANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1043-1055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Male  Oxytocin  arginine-vasopressin  autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  salience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decreased attention to social information is considered an early emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the underlying causes remain controversial. Here we explored the impact of nonsocial object salience on reduced attention to social stimuli in male ASD compared with typically developing (TD) children. Correlations with blood concentrations of neuropeptides linked with social cognition were also investigated. Eye-tracking was performed in 102 preschool-aged boys (50 ASD, 52 TD) using a paradigm with social (faces) versus nonsocial (objects) stimuli presented in pairs in two conditions where nonsocial stimulus salience was varied. Basal oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin concentrations were measured in blood. Compared with TD boys those with ASD viewed social stimuli less only when they were paired with low-salience nonsocial objects. Additionally, boys with ASD spent less time than TD ones viewing facial features, particularly the eyes. In TD boys, OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores were positively associated with time spent viewing the eye region, whereas for boys with ASD associations with time spent viewing faces were negative. Reduced gaze toward social stimuli in ASD relative to TD individuals may therefore be influenced by how salient the paired nonsocial objects are for the latter. On the other hand, reduced interest in the eyes of faces in boys with ASD is not influenced by how salient competing nonsocial stimuli are. Basal OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores are predictive of time spent viewing social stimuli in TD boys (eyes) and those with ASD (faces) but in the opposite direction. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit reduced attention to social paired with nonsocial stimuli compared to typically developing children. Using eye-tracking we show this difference is due to typically developing rather than autistic boys being more influenced by how interesting competing nonsocial objects are. On the other hand, reduced time looking at the eyes in autistic relative to typically developing boys is unaffected by nonsocial object salience. Time spent viewing social stimuli is associated with cognitive development and blood levels of oxytocin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] The salience of competing nonsocial objects reduces gaze toward social stimuli, but not the eyes, more in typically developing than autistic boys [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xiao-E. CAI, Auteur ; Jiao LE, Auteur ; Xiao-Jing SHOU, Auteur ; Gao-Wa WU-YUN, Auteur ; Xiao-Xi WANG, Auteur ; Song-Ping HAN, Auteur ; Ji-Sheng HAN, Auteur ; Keith M. KENDRICK, Auteur ; Rong ZHANG, Auteur . - p.1043-1055. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1043-1055 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Male  Oxytocin  arginine-vasopressin  autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  salience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decreased attention to social information is considered an early emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the underlying causes remain controversial. Here we explored the impact of nonsocial object salience on reduced attention to social stimuli in male ASD compared with typically developing (TD) children. Correlations with blood concentrations of neuropeptides linked with social cognition were also investigated. Eye-tracking was performed in 102 preschool-aged boys (50 ASD, 52 TD) using a paradigm with social (faces) versus nonsocial (objects) stimuli presented in pairs in two conditions where nonsocial stimulus salience was varied. Basal oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin concentrations were measured in blood. Compared with TD boys those with ASD viewed social stimuli less only when they were paired with low-salience nonsocial objects. Additionally, boys with ASD spent less time than TD ones viewing facial features, particularly the eyes. In TD boys, OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores were positively associated with time spent viewing the eye region, whereas for boys with ASD associations with time spent viewing faces were negative. Reduced gaze toward social stimuli in ASD relative to TD individuals may therefore be influenced by how salient the paired nonsocial objects are for the latter. On the other hand, reduced interest in the eyes of faces in boys with ASD is not influenced by how salient competing nonsocial stimuli are. Basal OXT concentrations and cognitive development scores are predictive of time spent viewing social stimuli in TD boys (eyes) and those with ASD (faces) but in the opposite direction. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism exhibit reduced attention to social paired with nonsocial stimuli compared to typically developing children. Using eye-tracking we show this difference is due to typically developing rather than autistic boys being more influenced by how interesting competing nonsocial objects are. On the other hand, reduced time looking at the eyes in autistic relative to typically developing boys is unaffected by nonsocial object salience. Time spent viewing social stimuli is associated with cognitive development and blood levels of oxytocin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Broken or socially mistuned mirroring in ASD? An investigation via transcranial magnetic stimulation / Jellina PRINSEN in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1056-1067 Titre : Broken or socially mistuned mirroring in ASD? An investigation via transcranial magnetic stimulation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jellina PRINSEN, Auteur ; Kaat ALAERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1056-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Brain  Hand/physiology  Humans  Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation  action observation  eye contact  mirror system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience persistent difficulties during social interactions and communication. Previously, it has been suggested that deficits in the so-called "mirror system," active during both action execution and observation, may underlie these social difficulties. It is still a topic of debate however whether deficiencies in the simulation of others' actions (i.e., "broken" mirroring) forms a general feature of ASD, or whether these mostly reflect a lack of social attunement. The latter would suggest an overall intact mirror system, but an impaired modulation of mirror activity according to variable social contexts. In this study, 25 adults with ASD and 28 age- and IQ-matched control participants underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation during the observation of hand movements under variable conditions. Hand movements were presented via a live interaction partner, either without social context to assess basic motor mirroring or in combination with direct and averted gaze from the actor to assess socially modulated mirroring. Overall, no significant group differences were revealed, indicating no generally diminished mirror activity in ASD. Interestingly however, regression analyses revealed that, among ASD participants, higher symptom severity was associated with both reduced basic motor mirroring and aberrant socially modulated mirroring (i.e., no enhancement of mirror system activity upon observation of the interaction partner's direct vs. averted gaze). These findings further challenge the notion that mirror system dysfunctions constitute a principal feature of ASD, but demonstrate that variations in mirroring may be related to differential expressions of ASD symptom severity. LAY SUMMARY: Our findings show similar activity levels in brain regions responsible for action simulation and understanding in adults with autism, compared to adults without autism. However, the presence of more severe autism symptoms was linked to reduced activity in these regions. This suggests lower levels of brain activity during action understanding in some, but not all, persons with autism, which may contribute to the social difficulties these persons experience in daily life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Broken or socially mistuned mirroring in ASD? An investigation via transcranial magnetic stimulation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jellina PRINSEN, Auteur ; Kaat ALAERTS, Auteur . - p.1056-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1056-1067 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Brain  Hand/physiology  Humans  Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation  action observation  eye contact  mirror system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience persistent difficulties during social interactions and communication. Previously, it has been suggested that deficits in the so-called "mirror system," active during both action execution and observation, may underlie these social difficulties. It is still a topic of debate however whether deficiencies in the simulation of others' actions (i.e., "broken" mirroring) forms a general feature of ASD, or whether these mostly reflect a lack of social attunement. The latter would suggest an overall intact mirror system, but an impaired modulation of mirror activity according to variable social contexts. In this study, 25 adults with ASD and 28 age- and IQ-matched control participants underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation during the observation of hand movements under variable conditions. Hand movements were presented via a live interaction partner, either without social context to assess basic motor mirroring or in combination with direct and averted gaze from the actor to assess socially modulated mirroring. Overall, no significant group differences were revealed, indicating no generally diminished mirror activity in ASD. Interestingly however, regression analyses revealed that, among ASD participants, higher symptom severity was associated with both reduced basic motor mirroring and aberrant socially modulated mirroring (i.e., no enhancement of mirror system activity upon observation of the interaction partner's direct vs. averted gaze). These findings further challenge the notion that mirror system dysfunctions constitute a principal feature of ASD, but demonstrate that variations in mirroring may be related to differential expressions of ASD symptom severity. LAY SUMMARY: Our findings show similar activity levels in brain regions responsible for action simulation and understanding in adults with autism, compared to adults without autism. However, the presence of more severe autism symptoms was linked to reduced activity in these regions. This suggests lower levels of brain activity during action understanding in some, but not all, persons with autism, which may contribute to the social difficulties these persons experience in daily life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Region-specific associations between gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor binding and cortical thickness in high-functioning autistic adults / David JAMES in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1068-1082 Titre : Region-specific associations between gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor binding and cortical thickness in high-functioning autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David JAMES, Auteur ; Vicky T. LAM, Auteur ; Booil JO, Auteur ; Lawrence K. FUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1068-1082 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging/pathology  Brain/pathology  Brain Mapping/methods  Female  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Male  gamma-Aminobutyric Acid  GABAA receptor density  autism  cortical thickness  postcentral gyrus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The neurobiology of autism has been shown to involve alterations in cortical morphology and gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A) ) receptor density. We hypothesized that GABA(A) receptor binding potential (GABA(A) R BP(ND) ) would correlate with cortical thickness, but their correlations would differ between autistic adults and typically developing (TD) controls. We studied 50 adults (23 autism, 27 TD, mean age of 27?years) using magnetic resonance imaging to measure cortical thickness, and [(18) F]flumazenil positron emission tomography imaging to measure GABA(A) R BP(ND) . We determined the correlations between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) by cortical lobe, region-of-interest, and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also explored potential sex differences in the relationship between cortical thickness and autism characteristics, as measured by autism spectrum quotient (AQ) scores. Comparing autism and TD groups, no significant differences were found in cortical thickness or GABA(A) R BP(ND) . In both autism and TD groups, a negative relationship between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) was observed in the frontal and occipital cortices, but no relationship was found in the temporal or limbic cortices. A positive correlation was seen in the parietal cortex that was only significant for the autism group. Interestingly, in an exploratory analysis, we found sex differences in the relationships between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) , and cortical thickness and AQ scores in the left postcentral gyrus. LAY SUMMARY: The thickness of the brain cortex and the density of the receptors associated with inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA have been hypothesized to underlie the neurobiology of autism. In this study, we found that these biomarkers correlate positively in the parietal cortex, but negatively in the frontal and occipital cortical regions of the brain. Furthermore, we collected preliminary evidence that the correlations between cortical thickness and GABA receptor density are sexdependent in a brain region where sensory inputs are registered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Region-specific associations between gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor binding and cortical thickness in high-functioning autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David JAMES, Auteur ; Vicky T. LAM, Auteur ; Booil JO, Auteur ; Lawrence K. FUNG, Auteur . - p.1068-1082. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1068-1082 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging/pathology  Brain/pathology  Brain Mapping/methods  Female  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Male  gamma-Aminobutyric Acid  GABAA receptor density  autism  cortical thickness  postcentral gyrus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The neurobiology of autism has been shown to involve alterations in cortical morphology and gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABA(A) ) receptor density. We hypothesized that GABA(A) receptor binding potential (GABA(A) R BP(ND) ) would correlate with cortical thickness, but their correlations would differ between autistic adults and typically developing (TD) controls. We studied 50 adults (23 autism, 27 TD, mean age of 27?years) using magnetic resonance imaging to measure cortical thickness, and [(18) F]flumazenil positron emission tomography imaging to measure GABA(A) R BP(ND) . We determined the correlations between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) by cortical lobe, region-of-interest, and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also explored potential sex differences in the relationship between cortical thickness and autism characteristics, as measured by autism spectrum quotient (AQ) scores. Comparing autism and TD groups, no significant differences were found in cortical thickness or GABA(A) R BP(ND) . In both autism and TD groups, a negative relationship between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) was observed in the frontal and occipital cortices, but no relationship was found in the temporal or limbic cortices. A positive correlation was seen in the parietal cortex that was only significant for the autism group. Interestingly, in an exploratory analysis, we found sex differences in the relationships between cortical thickness and GABA(A) R BP(ND) , and cortical thickness and AQ scores in the left postcentral gyrus. LAY SUMMARY: The thickness of the brain cortex and the density of the receptors associated with inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA have been hypothesized to underlie the neurobiology of autism. In this study, we found that these biomarkers correlate positively in the parietal cortex, but negatively in the frontal and occipital cortical regions of the brain. Furthermore, we collected preliminary evidence that the correlations between cortical thickness and GABA receptor density are sexdependent in a brain region where sensory inputs are registered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Motor skills predict adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents / Nicholas E. FEARS in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1083-1089 Titre : Motor skills predict adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicholas E. FEARS, Auteur ; Stephanie A. PALMER, Auteur ; Haylie L. MILLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1083-1089 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Motor Skills  adaptive behavior  autism spectrum disorder  intelligence  movement disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well-documented that intelligence quotient (IQ) is a poor predictor of adaptive behavior scores in autism, with autistic children having lower adaptive behavior scores than would be predicted based on their IQ scores. Differences in motor skills may explain the variability in their adaptive behavior scores. The current study examined how motor skills might explain autistic individuals' low adaptive behavior scores and which individual components of IQ (i.e., verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning) and motor skills (i.e., manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance) may drive this effect. We examined the associations between IQ, motor skills, calibrated severity, and adaptive behavior scores in 45 autistic children and adolescents. Using a t-test, we found a significant difference (p <0.001) between full-scale IQ and adaptive behavior scores, indicating that our participants' adaptive behavior scores were lower than would be expected given their full-scale IQ. Using a linear regression, we investigated whether motor skills predicted adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents and found that motor skills scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p =?0.022). To further investigate these associations, we used another linear regression to examine how individual components of IQ and motor skills predicted adaptive behavior scores in autistic children and adolescents. Our results indicated that manual dexterity scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p =?0.036). These findings clearly illustrate the need for further understanding of autistic individuals' difficulties with adaptive behavior and the potential role of motor skill difficulties that may underlie these difficulties. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children have lower adaptive behavior scores (e.g., daily living skills, social skills, communication) than intelligence scores (e.g., verbal and perceptual skills) along with difficulties with motor skills. Motor skills may explain the gap between adaptive behavior and intelligence. We found motor skills were associated with adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents. In particular, hand coordination was associated with adaptive behavior. We need to better understand how autistic individuals' motor skills impact their adaptive behavior to provide effective supports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2708 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Motor skills predict adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicholas E. FEARS, Auteur ; Stephanie A. PALMER, Auteur ; Haylie L. MILLER, Auteur . - p.1083-1089. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1083-1089 Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Intelligence Tests  Motor Skills  adaptive behavior  autism spectrum disorder  intelligence  movement disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well-documented that intelligence quotient (IQ) is a poor predictor of adaptive behavior scores in autism, with autistic children having lower adaptive behavior scores than would be predicted based on their IQ scores. Differences in motor skills may explain the variability in their adaptive behavior scores. The current study examined how motor skills might explain autistic individuals' low adaptive behavior scores and which individual components of IQ (i.e., verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning) and motor skills (i.e., manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance) may drive this effect. We examined the associations between IQ, motor skills, calibrated severity, and adaptive behavior scores in 45 autistic children and adolescents. Using a t-test, we found a significant difference (p <0.001) between full-scale IQ and adaptive behavior scores, indicating that our participants' adaptive behavior scores were lower than would be expected given their full-scale IQ. Using a linear regression, we investigated whether motor skills predicted adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents and found that motor skills scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p =?0.022). To further investigate these associations, we used another linear regression to examine how individual components of IQ and motor skills predicted adaptive behavior scores in autistic children and adolescents. Our results indicated that manual dexterity scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p =?0.036). These findings clearly illustrate the need for further understanding of autistic individuals' difficulties with adaptive behavior and the potential role of motor skill difficulties that may underlie these difficulties. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children have lower adaptive behavior scores (e.g., daily living skills, social skills, communication) than intelligence scores (e.g., verbal and perceptual skills) along with difficulties with motor skills. Motor skills may explain the gap between adaptive behavior and intelligence. We found motor skills were associated with adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents. In particular, hand coordination was associated with adaptive behavior. We need to better understand how autistic individuals' motor skills impact their adaptive behavior to provide effective supports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2708 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Conversational adaptation in children and teens with autism: Differences in talkativeness across contexts / Meredith COLA in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1090-1108 Titre : Conversational adaptation in children and teens with autism: Differences in talkativeness across contexts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meredith COLA, Auteur ; Casey J. ZAMPELLA, Auteur ; Lisa D. YANKOWITZ, Auteur ; Samantha PLATE, Auteur ; Victoria PETRULLA, Auteur ; Kimberly TENA, Auteur ; Alison RUSSELL, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1090-1108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Communication  Humans  Language  Social Skills  autism spectrum condition  conversational adaptation  social behavior  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Successful social communication is complex; it relies on effectively deploying and continuously revising one's behavior to fit the needs of a given conversation, partner, and context. For example, a skilled conversationalist may instinctively become less talkative with a quiet partner and more talkative with a chattier one. Prior research suggests that behavioral flexibility across social contexts can be a particular challenge for individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC), and that difficulty adapting to the changing needs of a conversation contributes to communicative breakdowns and poor social outcomes. In this study, we examine whether reduced conversational adaptation, as measured by talkativeness, differentiates 48 verbally fluent children and teens with ASC from 50 neurotypical (NT) peers matched on age, intelligence quotient, and sex ratio. Participants completed the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills with two novel conversation partners. The first acted interested in the conversation and talked more (Interested condition), while the second acted bored and talked less (Bored condition). Results revealed that NT participants emulated their conversation partner's behavior by being more talkative in the Interested condition as compared to the Bored condition (z = 9.92, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Conversational adaptation in children and teens with autism: Differences in talkativeness across contexts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meredith COLA, Auteur ; Casey J. ZAMPELLA, Auteur ; Lisa D. YANKOWITZ, Auteur ; Samantha PLATE, Auteur ; Victoria PETRULLA, Auteur ; Kimberly TENA, Auteur ; Alison RUSSELL, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur . - p.1090-1108. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1090-1108 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Communication  Humans  Language  Social Skills  autism spectrum condition  conversational adaptation  social behavior  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Successful social communication is complex; it relies on effectively deploying and continuously revising one's behavior to fit the needs of a given conversation, partner, and context. For example, a skilled conversationalist may instinctively become less talkative with a quiet partner and more talkative with a chattier one. Prior research suggests that behavioral flexibility across social contexts can be a particular challenge for individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC), and that difficulty adapting to the changing needs of a conversation contributes to communicative breakdowns and poor social outcomes. In this study, we examine whether reduced conversational adaptation, as measured by talkativeness, differentiates 48 verbally fluent children and teens with ASC from 50 neurotypical (NT) peers matched on age, intelligence quotient, and sex ratio. Participants completed the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills with two novel conversation partners. The first acted interested in the conversation and talked more (Interested condition), while the second acted bored and talked less (Bored condition). Results revealed that NT participants emulated their conversation partner's behavior by being more talkative in the Interested condition as compared to the Bored condition (z = 9.92, p? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Social orienting and initiated joint attention behaviors in 9 to 12 month old children with autism spectrum disorder: A family home movies study / Ruben PALOMO in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1109-1119 Titre : Social orienting and initiated joint attention behaviors in 9 to 12 month old children with autism spectrum disorder: A family home movies study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ruben PALOMO, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; Mercedes BELINCHÓN CARMONA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1109-1119 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder  Child  Humans  Infant  Motion Pictures  Retrospective Studies  Social Behavior  autism  family home movies  initiating joint attention  joint attention  social motivation  social orienting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : According to the Social Motivation model children with autism show deficits in social orienting (looking at faces and responding to name) at the end of their first year of life. In this model, those deficits are both the earliest behavioral consequences of an alteration in the dopamine reward system balance and the foundation of the social impairments that characterize this neurodevelopmental disorder. The current study tests two of the main predictions of this model: that social orienting deficits are the first behavioral manifestation of autism, and that they are developmentally related to joint attention deficits. We retrospectively analyzed family home movies of 9- to 12-month-old infants, 29 of whom were later diagnosed with autism and 16 of whom were typically developing. After confirming that the videotapes of both groups were similar in content of the scenes recorded (contexts, type of social activity, etc.), we compared their social orienting (social gaze and responding to name) and joint attention behaviors (gaze alternation and gestures). No significant differences between groups were found in looking at faces, but the group with autism showed deficits in responding to name and initiations of joint attention (IJA). Looking at people was not significantly correlated with IJA behaviors, but response to name was. The lack of group differences in looking at faces between 9 and 12?months, and the existence of IJA difficulties in the ASD group without concurrent impairment in looking at faces, do not support predictions of the Social Motivation model. LAY SUMMARY: Various theories have been proposed to explain the emergence of autism symptoms early in life. This study tested two key predictions of the Social Motivation model. Comparing family movies of children 9- to 12-months-old later diagnosed with autism or with typical development, we did not observe difficulties in looking at other people's faces but children with autism responded to name and used gaze and gestures to direct the adult's attention to events of interest less frequently. This absence of difficulties in looking at faces does not fit with what the Social Motivation model of autism predicts and therefore we must develop alternative explanations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2695 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Social orienting and initiated joint attention behaviors in 9 to 12 month old children with autism spectrum disorder: A family home movies study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ruben PALOMO, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; Mercedes BELINCHÓN CARMONA, Auteur . - p.1109-1119. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1109-1119 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder  Child  Humans  Infant  Motion Pictures  Retrospective Studies  Social Behavior  autism  family home movies  initiating joint attention  joint attention  social motivation  social orienting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : According to the Social Motivation model children with autism show deficits in social orienting (looking at faces and responding to name) at the end of their first year of life. In this model, those deficits are both the earliest behavioral consequences of an alteration in the dopamine reward system balance and the foundation of the social impairments that characterize this neurodevelopmental disorder. The current study tests two of the main predictions of this model: that social orienting deficits are the first behavioral manifestation of autism, and that they are developmentally related to joint attention deficits. We retrospectively analyzed family home movies of 9- to 12-month-old infants, 29 of whom were later diagnosed with autism and 16 of whom were typically developing. After confirming that the videotapes of both groups were similar in content of the scenes recorded (contexts, type of social activity, etc.), we compared their social orienting (social gaze and responding to name) and joint attention behaviors (gaze alternation and gestures). No significant differences between groups were found in looking at faces, but the group with autism showed deficits in responding to name and initiations of joint attention (IJA). Looking at people was not significantly correlated with IJA behaviors, but response to name was. The lack of group differences in looking at faces between 9 and 12?months, and the existence of IJA difficulties in the ASD group without concurrent impairment in looking at faces, do not support predictions of the Social Motivation model. LAY SUMMARY: Various theories have been proposed to explain the emergence of autism symptoms early in life. This study tested two key predictions of the Social Motivation model. Comparing family movies of children 9- to 12-months-old later diagnosed with autism or with typical development, we did not observe difficulties in looking at other people's faces but children with autism responded to name and used gaze and gestures to direct the adult's attention to events of interest less frequently. This absence of difficulties in looking at faces does not fit with what the Social Motivation model of autism predicts and therefore we must develop alternative explanations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2695 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Atypical sensory processing features in children with autism, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors and caregiver strain / Zoe A M. GRIFFIN in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1120-1129 Titre : Atypical sensory processing features in children with autism, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors and caregiver strain Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zoe A M. GRIFFIN, Auteur ; Kelsie A. BOULTON, Auteur ; Rinku THAPA, Auteur ; Marilena M. DEMAYO, Auteur ; Zahava AMBARCHI, Auteur ; Emma THOMAS, Auteur ; Izabella POKORSKI, Auteur ; Ian B. HICKIE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1120-1129 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Caregivers  Child  Humans  Parents  Perception  autism spectrum disorder  caregiver strain  maladaptive behaviors  pediatric  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical sensory processing occurs in up to 97% of children on the autism spectrum. Children who are on the autism spectrum also commonly demonstrate challenging behaviors, and their caregivers report increased levels of strain in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore four sensory processing features; seeking, avoiding, sensitivity, and registration, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors in children with autism, as well as with caregiver strain. Participants comprised 75 children with autism aged 7-12?years (M?= 7.81). Caregivers completed three questionnaire measures examining child sensory processing, maladaptive behaviors, and perceptions of caregiver strain. We found avoiding significantly associated with irritability. Avoiding also displayed the strongest relationship with global caregiver strain. Avoiding and seeking were strongly related to hyperactivity/noncompliance (components of maladaptive behavior). A multiple regression was performed to explore how atypical sensory processing features and maladaptive behaviors together predicted caregiver strain. Together, maladaptive behaviors and sensory features accounted for 58% of the variance in total caregiver strain. The only significant individual predictor of total caregiver strain was sensory avoiding, which uniquely accounted for 5.76% of the variation. The findings suggest that atypical sensory processing is associated with overall caregiver strain, above that explained by maladaptive behaviors. Implications for targeted support for the benefit of the child, parents and family unit are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Children who are on the autism spectrum often have differences in sensory processing. These children also tend to show challenging behaviors, and their caregivers can experience increased stress. This study looked at how sensory processing difficulties relate to such behaviors and caregiver stress. We found that both sensory processing and challenging behaviors were related to the amount of stress caregivers felt. This suggests that interventions may benefit from looking at sensory processing features when considering how to help reduce challenging behaviors and caregiver stress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2700 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Atypical sensory processing features in children with autism, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors and caregiver strain [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zoe A M. GRIFFIN, Auteur ; Kelsie A. BOULTON, Auteur ; Rinku THAPA, Auteur ; Marilena M. DEMAYO, Auteur ; Zahava AMBARCHI, Auteur ; Emma THOMAS, Auteur ; Izabella POKORSKI, Auteur ; Ian B. HICKIE, Auteur ; Adam J. GUASTELLA, Auteur . - p.1120-1129. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1120-1129 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Caregivers  Child  Humans  Parents  Perception  autism spectrum disorder  caregiver strain  maladaptive behaviors  pediatric  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical sensory processing occurs in up to 97% of children on the autism spectrum. Children who are on the autism spectrum also commonly demonstrate challenging behaviors, and their caregivers report increased levels of strain in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore four sensory processing features; seeking, avoiding, sensitivity, and registration, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors in children with autism, as well as with caregiver strain. Participants comprised 75 children with autism aged 7-12?years (M?= 7.81). Caregivers completed three questionnaire measures examining child sensory processing, maladaptive behaviors, and perceptions of caregiver strain. We found avoiding significantly associated with irritability. Avoiding also displayed the strongest relationship with global caregiver strain. Avoiding and seeking were strongly related to hyperactivity/noncompliance (components of maladaptive behavior). A multiple regression was performed to explore how atypical sensory processing features and maladaptive behaviors together predicted caregiver strain. Together, maladaptive behaviors and sensory features accounted for 58% of the variance in total caregiver strain. The only significant individual predictor of total caregiver strain was sensory avoiding, which uniquely accounted for 5.76% of the variation. The findings suggest that atypical sensory processing is associated with overall caregiver strain, above that explained by maladaptive behaviors. Implications for targeted support for the benefit of the child, parents and family unit are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Children who are on the autism spectrum often have differences in sensory processing. These children also tend to show challenging behaviors, and their caregivers can experience increased stress. This study looked at how sensory processing difficulties relate to such behaviors and caregiver stress. We found that both sensory processing and challenging behaviors were related to the amount of stress caregivers felt. This suggests that interventions may benefit from looking at sensory processing features when considering how to help reduce challenging behaviors and caregiver stress. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2700 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Transdiagnostic and sex differences in cognitive profiles of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Hirokazu DOI in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1130-1141 Titre : Transdiagnostic and sex differences in cognitive profiles of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hirokazu DOI, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Haruhisa OHTA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1130-1141 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with  Hyperactivity/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Cognition  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  Wechsler Scales  Adhd  Asd  Wais  cognitive profile  sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An increasing number of studies have shown that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share symptoms and aetiologies. However, transdiagnostic comparisons between ASD and ADHD is complicated due to the sex differences within each condition. To clarify the similarities and differences in the cognitive functioning between ASD and ADHD, while considering potential sex differences, this study compared cognitive profiles assessed by the WAIS-III between the four groups created by orthogonally combining diagnosis and sex based on the data from 277 ASD males, 86 ASD females, 99 ADHD males and 64 ADHD females. The analysis revealed three major findings. First, performance IQ and perceptual organization index were higher in ADHD males than in ASD males and ADHD females. Second, Gaussian mixture model fitting revealed two clusters underlying the distribution of subindex scores. The percentage of being classified into the cluster that scored lower in all the subindices was higher in females than in males irrespective of diagnosis. Third, feature importance for classification of ASD and ADHD yielded by random forest classifier, a supervised machine learning algorithm, revealed that autism quotient was most informative feature in classifying ASD and ADHD in males, while the discrepancy between verbal and performance intelligence quotient was in females, indicating that the set of behavioral features contributing to classification differs between males and females. Thus, these findings indicate that sex as well as diagnosis is critical in determining the cognitive profiles of people with ASD and ADHD. LAY SUMMARY: The present study compared profiles of cognitive functions measured by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale between males and females with ASD and ADHD. The analyses revealed clear sex differences in cognitive functions in both ASD and ADHD and that the set of cognitive functions useful in classifying ASD and ADHD differed between males and females. Thus, biological sex seems to be a critical factor in determining the cognitive profiles of people with ASD and ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Transdiagnostic and sex differences in cognitive profiles of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hirokazu DOI, Auteur ; Chieko KANAI, Auteur ; Haruhisa OHTA, Auteur . - p.1130-1141. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1130-1141 Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with  Hyperactivity/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Cognition  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  Wechsler Scales  Adhd  Asd  Wais  cognitive profile  sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An increasing number of studies have shown that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share symptoms and aetiologies. However, transdiagnostic comparisons between ASD and ADHD is complicated due to the sex differences within each condition. To clarify the similarities and differences in the cognitive functioning between ASD and ADHD, while considering potential sex differences, this study compared cognitive profiles assessed by the WAIS-III between the four groups created by orthogonally combining diagnosis and sex based on the data from 277 ASD males, 86 ASD females, 99 ADHD males and 64 ADHD females. The analysis revealed three major findings. First, performance IQ and perceptual organization index were higher in ADHD males than in ASD males and ADHD females. Second, Gaussian mixture model fitting revealed two clusters underlying the distribution of subindex scores. The percentage of being classified into the cluster that scored lower in all the subindices was higher in females than in males irrespective of diagnosis. Third, feature importance for classification of ASD and ADHD yielded by random forest classifier, a supervised machine learning algorithm, revealed that autism quotient was most informative feature in classifying ASD and ADHD in males, while the discrepancy between verbal and performance intelligence quotient was in females, indicating that the set of behavioral features contributing to classification differs between males and females. Thus, these findings indicate that sex as well as diagnosis is critical in determining the cognitive profiles of people with ASD and ADHD. LAY SUMMARY: The present study compared profiles of cognitive functions measured by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale between males and females with ASD and ADHD. The analyses revealed clear sex differences in cognitive functions in both ASD and ADHD and that the set of cognitive functions useful in classifying ASD and ADHD differed between males and females. Thus, biological sex seems to be a critical factor in determining the cognitive profiles of people with ASD and ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2712 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Characteristics of the autism spectrum disorder gastrointestinal and related behaviors inventory in children / Calliope HOLINGUE in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1142-1155 Titre : Characteristics of the autism spectrum disorder gastrointestinal and related behaviors inventory in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Rashelle MUSCI, Auteur ; Colleen LUKENS, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Jamie KACZANIUK, Auteur ; Michelle LANDRUM, Auteur ; Timothy BUIE, Auteur ; M Daniele FALLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1142-1155 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Constipation/diagnosis/epidemiology  Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology  Humans  Prevalence  Psychometrics  autism  co-morbid conditions  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are one of the prevalent co-occurring issues in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though the range of symptom frequency estimates varies dramatically across studies, which can limit the further research of GI issues in ASD as well as potential treatment strategies. The wide range of prevalence estimates is partly due to the lack of standardized, validated measures of GI symptoms among people with ASD. The goal of this study was to (1) develop a measure, which included non-verbal and mealtime behaviors, to assess for GI symptoms and (2) evaluate its psychometric characteristics. This was accomplished by drawing on two existing tools, Autism Treatment Network Gastrointestinal Inventory and the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory, and deriving new items, to create the "ASD Gastrointestinal and Related Behaviors Inventory" (ASD-GIRBI). The ASD-GIRBI was piloted in an online registry of families with a child with ASD. A psychometric analysis was carried out in a sample of 334 children aged 6-17 years with ASD, resulting in a 36-item tool. The Cronbach's alpha for the overall scale was 0.88. Exploratory factor analysis identified a seven-factor model (1. Bowel movement pain; 2. Aggressive or disruptive during mealtimes; 3. Particular with foods; 4. Abdominal pain and upset stomach; 5. Refusing food; 6. Constipation and encopresis; 7. Motor or other behaviors). Following validation in an independent sample with clinical evaluation of GI symptoms, this tool will be helpful for both research and clinical purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2707 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Characteristics of the autism spectrum disorder gastrointestinal and related behaviors inventory in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Rashelle MUSCI, Auteur ; Colleen LUKENS, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Jamie KACZANIUK, Auteur ; Michelle LANDRUM, Auteur ; Timothy BUIE, Auteur ; M Daniele FALLIN, Auteur . - p.1142-1155. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1142-1155 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Constipation/diagnosis/epidemiology  Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology  Humans  Prevalence  Psychometrics  autism  co-morbid conditions  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are one of the prevalent co-occurring issues in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though the range of symptom frequency estimates varies dramatically across studies, which can limit the further research of GI issues in ASD as well as potential treatment strategies. The wide range of prevalence estimates is partly due to the lack of standardized, validated measures of GI symptoms among people with ASD. The goal of this study was to (1) develop a measure, which included non-verbal and mealtime behaviors, to assess for GI symptoms and (2) evaluate its psychometric characteristics. This was accomplished by drawing on two existing tools, Autism Treatment Network Gastrointestinal Inventory and the Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Inventory, and deriving new items, to create the "ASD Gastrointestinal and Related Behaviors Inventory" (ASD-GIRBI). The ASD-GIRBI was piloted in an online registry of families with a child with ASD. A psychometric analysis was carried out in a sample of 334 children aged 6-17 years with ASD, resulting in a 36-item tool. The Cronbach's alpha for the overall scale was 0.88. Exploratory factor analysis identified a seven-factor model (1. Bowel movement pain; 2. Aggressive or disruptive during mealtimes; 3. Particular with foods; 4. Abdominal pain and upset stomach; 5. Refusing food; 6. Constipation and encopresis; 7. Motor or other behaviors). Following validation in an independent sample with clinical evaluation of GI symptoms, this tool will be helpful for both research and clinical purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2707 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

A further study of relations between motor impairment and social communication, cognitive, language, functional impairments, and repetitive behavior severity in children with ASD using the SPARK study dataset / Anjana N. BHAT in Autism Research, 15-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1156-1178 Titre : A further study of relations between motor impairment and social communication, cognitive, language, functional impairments, and repetitive behavior severity in children with ASD using the SPARK study dataset Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur ; Aaron J. BOULTON, Auteur ; David S. TULSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1156-1178 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Communication  Humans  Language  Language Development Disorders/complications/epidemiology  Motor Disorders/complications/epidemiology  motor (control, system)  phenotype  restricted/repetitive behaviors  social cognition  report. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Motor impairments are pervasive and persistent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout childhood and adolescence. Based on recent studies examining motor impairments in children with ASD between 5 and 15?years (i.e., SPARK study sample), 87-88% of this population is at-risk for a motor impairment, these problems persisted until 15?years, and related to their core (social communication skills and repetitive behaviors [RBs]) and comorbid (language, cognitive, and functional) impairments. Persistent motor impairments extending into adolescence/adulthood could negatively impact their independent daily living skills, physical fitness/activity levels, and physical/mental health. While multiple studies have examined relations between motor dimensions and core/comorbid impairments in young children with ASD, few studies have examined such relations in school-age children/adolescents with ASD. This paper conducts a further multidimensional study of which motor domains (i.e., gross-motor including visuo-motor or multilimb coordination/planning, fine motor [FM] or general coordination [GC] skills) best distinguish subgroups of school-age children/adolescents with ASD and help predict core and comorbid impairments after accounting for age and sex. Visuomotor, FM and certain GC skills were better at explaining variations in/predicting social communication impairments whereas FM skills were slightly better at explaining variations in/predicting RB severity. Multilimb coordination/planning and FM skills explained variations in/predicted cognitive delays whereas visuomotor and FM skills explained variations in and better predicted language delays. All three motor dimensions explained variations in/predicted functional delays. This study provides further evidence for inclusion of motor impairments within the ASD definition (criteria or specifiers). LAY SUMMARY: Gross-motor skills were related to social communication and functional delays of children with ASD (visuomotor skills related to language delays and multilimb coordination/planning skills related to cognitive delays). Fine-motor skills were related to repetitive behavior severity, language, cognitive, and functional delays in ASD. Diagnosticians should recommend systematic motor screening, further evaluations, and treatments for children at-risk for and diagnosed with ASD. Motor advocacy and enhanced public/clinical community awareness is needed to fulfill the unmet motor needs of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2711 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] A further study of relations between motor impairment and social communication, cognitive, language, functional impairments, and repetitive behavior severity in children with ASD using the SPARK study dataset [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anjana N. BHAT, Auteur ; Aaron J. BOULTON, Auteur ; David S. TULSKY, Auteur . - p.1156-1178. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-6 (June 2022) . - p.1156-1178 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Communication  Humans  Language  Language Development Disorders/complications/epidemiology  Motor Disorders/complications/epidemiology  motor (control, system)  phenotype  restricted/repetitive behaviors  social cognition  report. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Motor impairments are pervasive and persistent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout childhood and adolescence. Based on recent studies examining motor impairments in children with ASD between 5 and 15?years (i.e., SPARK study sample), 87-88% of this population is at-risk for a motor impairment, these problems persisted until 15?years, and related to their core (social communication skills and repetitive behaviors [RBs]) and comorbid (language, cognitive, and functional) impairments. Persistent motor impairments extending into adolescence/adulthood could negatively impact their independent daily living skills, physical fitness/activity levels, and physical/mental health. While multiple studies have examined relations between motor dimensions and core/comorbid impairments in young children with ASD, few studies have examined such relations in school-age children/adolescents with ASD. This paper conducts a further multidimensional study of which motor domains (i.e., gross-motor including visuo-motor or multilimb coordination/planning, fine motor [FM] or general coordination [GC] skills) best distinguish subgroups of school-age children/adolescents with ASD and help predict core and comorbid impairments after accounting for age and sex. Visuomotor, FM and certain GC skills were better at explaining variations in/predicting social communication impairments whereas FM skills were slightly better at explaining variations in/predicting RB severity. Multilimb coordination/planning and FM skills explained variations in/predicted cognitive delays whereas visuomotor and FM skills explained variations in and better predicted language delays. All three motor dimensions explained variations in/predicted functional delays. This study provides further evidence for inclusion of motor impairments within the ASD definition (criteria or specifiers). LAY SUMMARY: Gross-motor skills were related to social communication and functional delays of children with ASD (visuomotor skills related to language delays and multilimb coordination/planning skills related to cognitive delays). Fine-motor skills were related to repetitive behavior severity, language, cognitive, and functional delays in ASD. Diagnosticians should recommend systematic motor screening, further evaluations, and treatments for children at-risk for and diagnosed with ASD. Motor advocacy and enhanced public/clinical community awareness is needed to fulfill the unmet motor needs of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2711 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476