Dépouillements

Applying a public health approach to autism research: A framework for action / Diana SCHENDEL in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.592-601 Titre : Applying a public health approach to autism research: A framework for action Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur ; Anne M. ROUX, Auteur ; Elizabeth MCGHEE HASSRICK, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Andrea WIECKOWSKI TRUBANOVA, Auteur ; Craig NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.592-601 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Humans  Public Health  Quality of Life  autism spectrum disorder  communication  knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most published autism research, and the funding that supports it, remains focused on basic and clinical science. However, the public health impact of autism drives a compelling argument for utilizing a public health approach to autism research. Fundamental to the public health perspective is a focus on health determinants to improve quality of life and to reduce the potential for adverse outcomes across the general population, including in vulnerable subgroups. While the public health research process can be conceptualized as a linear, 3-stage path consisting of discovery - testing - translation/dissemination/implementation, in this paper we propose an integrated, cyclical research framework to advance autism public health objectives in a more comprehensive manner. This involves discovery of primary, secondary and tertiary determinants of health in autism; and use of this evidence base to develop and test detection, intervention, and dissemination strategies and the means to implement them in 'real world' settings. The proposed framework serves to facilitate identification of knowledge gaps, translational barriers, and shortfalls in implementation; guides an iterative research cycle; facilitates purposeful integration of stakeholders and interdisciplinary researchers; and may yield more efficient achievement of improved health and well-being among persons on the autism spectrum at the population-level. LAY SUMMARY: Scientists need better ways to identify and address gaps in autism research, conduct research with stakeholders, and use findings to improve the lives of autistic people. We recommend an approach, based in public health science, to guide research in ways that might impact lives more quickly. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2689 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Applying a public health approach to autism research: A framework for action [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur ; Anne M. ROUX, Auteur ; Elizabeth MCGHEE HASSRICK, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur ; Giacomo VIVANTI, Auteur ; Andrea WIECKOWSKI TRUBANOVA, Auteur ; Craig NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Diana L. ROBINS, Auteur . - p.592-601. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.592-601 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Humans  Public Health  Quality of Life  autism spectrum disorder  communication  knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most published autism research, and the funding that supports it, remains focused on basic and clinical science. However, the public health impact of autism drives a compelling argument for utilizing a public health approach to autism research. Fundamental to the public health perspective is a focus on health determinants to improve quality of life and to reduce the potential for adverse outcomes across the general population, including in vulnerable subgroups. While the public health research process can be conceptualized as a linear, 3-stage path consisting of discovery - testing - translation/dissemination/implementation, in this paper we propose an integrated, cyclical research framework to advance autism public health objectives in a more comprehensive manner. This involves discovery of primary, secondary and tertiary determinants of health in autism; and use of this evidence base to develop and test detection, intervention, and dissemination strategies and the means to implement them in 'real world' settings. The proposed framework serves to facilitate identification of knowledge gaps, translational barriers, and shortfalls in implementation; guides an iterative research cycle; facilitates purposeful integration of stakeholders and interdisciplinary researchers; and may yield more efficient achievement of improved health and well-being among persons on the autism spectrum at the population-level. LAY SUMMARY: Scientists need better ways to identify and address gaps in autism research, conduct research with stakeholders, and use findings to improve the lives of autistic people. We recommend an approach, based in public health science, to guide research in ways that might impact lives more quickly. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2689 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Symptom severity and posttraumatic growth in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The moderating role of social support / Yongshen FENG in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.602-613 Titre : Symptom severity and posttraumatic growth in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The moderating role of social support Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yongshen FENG, Auteur ; Xuezhen ZHOU, Auteur ; Qian LIU, Auteur ; Tao DENG, Auteur ; Xiuqun QIN, Auteur ; Biyuan CHEN, Auteur ; Lifeng ZHANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.602-613 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Parents  Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological  Social Support  family function  posttraumatic growth  symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience posttraumatic growth (PTG). No study has investigated the moderating effect of social support and family function between symptom severity and PTG. The study aims to examine whether social support and family function moderate the relationship between symptom severity and PTG among parents of children with ASD. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 385 parents of children with ASD were recruited from September 2019 to November 2020 by convenience sampling. Participants completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Social Support Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Family Apgar Index. Both social support (r = 0.354, p??0.05), social support moderated the correlation between symptom severity and PTG [?(SE) = -0.134 (0.719), p??0.05). Higher social support appears to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and social support seems to be an important factor when delivering interventions aimed at decreasing symptom severity and improving positive growth. LAY SUMMARY: Both social support and family function were positively associated with PTG. Providing sufficient perceived social support and enhancing family function promoted parents' positive psychological experience. Higher social support seemed to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and it could be an important intervention target for improving the psychological growth of parents of children with ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2673 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Symptom severity and posttraumatic growth in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The moderating role of social support [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yongshen FENG, Auteur ; Xuezhen ZHOU, Auteur ; Qian LIU, Auteur ; Tao DENG, Auteur ; Xiuqun QIN, Auteur ; Biyuan CHEN, Auteur ; Lifeng ZHANG, Auteur . - p.602-613. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.602-613 Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Parents  Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological  Social Support  family function  posttraumatic growth  symptom severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience posttraumatic growth (PTG). No study has investigated the moderating effect of social support and family function between symptom severity and PTG. The study aims to examine whether social support and family function moderate the relationship between symptom severity and PTG among parents of children with ASD. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 385 parents of children with ASD were recruited from September 2019 to November 2020 by convenience sampling. Participants completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Social Support Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Family Apgar Index. Both social support (r = 0.354, p??0.05), social support moderated the correlation between symptom severity and PTG [?(SE) = -0.134 (0.719), p??0.05). Higher social support appears to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and social support seems to be an important factor when delivering interventions aimed at decreasing symptom severity and improving positive growth. LAY SUMMARY: Both social support and family function were positively associated with PTG. Providing sufficient perceived social support and enhancing family function promoted parents' positive psychological experience. Higher social support seemed to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and it could be an important intervention target for improving the psychological growth of parents of children with ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2673 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion / Rebecca B. HUGHES in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.614-627 Titre : Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca B. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jayde WHITTINGHAM-DOWD, Auteur ; Steven J. CLAPCOTE, Auteur ; Susan J. BROUGHTON, Auteur ; Neil DAWSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.614-627 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Disease Models, Animal  Dorsal Raphe Nucleus  Genotype  Humans  Male  Mice  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Reversal Learning  cognitive neuroscience  copy number variation/copy number variants  frontal lobe  genotype-phenotype correlation  imaging genetics  mouse models  serotonin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 2p16.3 deletion, involving NEUREXIN1 (NRXN1) heterozygous deletion, substantially increases the risk of developing autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We have a poor understanding of how NRXN1 heterozygosity impacts on brain function and cognition to increase the risk of developing the disorder. Here we characterize the impact of Nrxn1? heterozygosity on cerebral metabolism, in mice, using (14) C-2-deoxyglucose imaging. We also assess performance in an olfactory-based discrimination and reversal learning (OB-DaRL) task and locomotor activity. We use decision tree classifiers to test the predictive relationship between cerebral metabolism and Nrxn1? genotype. Our data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity induces prefrontal cortex (medial prelimbic cortex, mPrL) hypometabolism and a contrasting dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) hypermetabolism. Metabolism in these regions allows for the predictive classification of Nrxn1? genotype. Consistent with reduced mPrL glucose utilization, prefrontal cortex insulin receptor signaling is decreased in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice. Behaviorally, Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show enhanced learning of a novel discrimination, impaired reversal learning and an increased latency to make correct choices. In addition, male Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show hyperlocomotor activity. Correlative analysis suggests that mPrL hypometabolism contributes to the enhanced novel odor discrimination seen in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice, while DRN hypermetabolism contributes to their increased latency in making correct choices. The data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity impacts on prefrontal cortex and serotonin system function, which contribute to the cognitive alterations seen in these animals. The data suggest that Nrxn1?(+/-) mice provide a translational model for the cognitive and behavioral alterations seen in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders associated with 2p16.3 deletion. LAY SUMMARY: Deletion of the chromosomal region 2p16.3, involving reduced NEUREXIN1 gene expression, dramatically increases the risk of developing autism. Here, we show that reduced Neurexin1? expression, in mice, impacts on the prefrontal cortex and impairs cognitive flexibility. The data suggest that 2p16.3 deletion increases the risk of developing autism by impacting on the prefrontal cortex. Mice with the deletion are a useful model for testing new drugs to treat the cognitive flexibility problems experienced by people with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2685 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Altered medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphé activity predict genotype and correlate with abnormal learning behavior in a mouse model of autism-associated 2p16.3 deletion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca B. HUGHES, Auteur ; Jayde WHITTINGHAM-DOWD, Auteur ; Steven J. CLAPCOTE, Auteur ; Susan J. BROUGHTON, Auteur ; Neil DAWSON, Auteur . - p.614-627. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.614-627 Mots-clés : Animals  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Disease Models, Animal  Dorsal Raphe Nucleus  Genotype  Humans  Male  Mice  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Reversal Learning  cognitive neuroscience  copy number variation/copy number variants  frontal lobe  genotype-phenotype correlation  imaging genetics  mouse models  serotonin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 2p16.3 deletion, involving NEUREXIN1 (NRXN1) heterozygous deletion, substantially increases the risk of developing autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. We have a poor understanding of how NRXN1 heterozygosity impacts on brain function and cognition to increase the risk of developing the disorder. Here we characterize the impact of Nrxn1? heterozygosity on cerebral metabolism, in mice, using (14) C-2-deoxyglucose imaging. We also assess performance in an olfactory-based discrimination and reversal learning (OB-DaRL) task and locomotor activity. We use decision tree classifiers to test the predictive relationship between cerebral metabolism and Nrxn1? genotype. Our data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity induces prefrontal cortex (medial prelimbic cortex, mPrL) hypometabolism and a contrasting dorsal raphé nucleus (DRN) hypermetabolism. Metabolism in these regions allows for the predictive classification of Nrxn1? genotype. Consistent with reduced mPrL glucose utilization, prefrontal cortex insulin receptor signaling is decreased in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice. Behaviorally, Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show enhanced learning of a novel discrimination, impaired reversal learning and an increased latency to make correct choices. In addition, male Nrxn1?(+/-) mice show hyperlocomotor activity. Correlative analysis suggests that mPrL hypometabolism contributes to the enhanced novel odor discrimination seen in Nrxn1?(+/-) mice, while DRN hypermetabolism contributes to their increased latency in making correct choices. The data show that Nrxn1? heterozygosity impacts on prefrontal cortex and serotonin system function, which contribute to the cognitive alterations seen in these animals. The data suggest that Nrxn1?(+/-) mice provide a translational model for the cognitive and behavioral alterations seen in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders associated with 2p16.3 deletion. LAY SUMMARY: Deletion of the chromosomal region 2p16.3, involving reduced NEUREXIN1 gene expression, dramatically increases the risk of developing autism. Here, we show that reduced Neurexin1? expression, in mice, impacts on the prefrontal cortex and impairs cognitive flexibility. The data suggest that 2p16.3 deletion increases the risk of developing autism by impacting on the prefrontal cortex. Mice with the deletion are a useful model for testing new drugs to treat the cognitive flexibility problems experienced by people with autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2685 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Heritability of abnormalities in limbic networks of autism spectrum disorder children: Evidence from an autism spectrum disorder twin study / Linyan FU in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.628-640 Titre : Heritability of abnormalities in limbic networks of autism spectrum disorder children: Evidence from an autism spectrum disorder twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Linyan FU, Auteur ; Chunyan LI, Auteur ; Yun LI, Auteur ; Xin CHENG, Auteur ; Xiwen CUI, Auteur ; Jiying JIANG, Auteur ; Ning DING, Auteur ; Hui FANG, Auteur ; Tianyu TANG, Auteur ; Xiaoyan KE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.628-640 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anisotropy  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/genetics  Child  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods  Humans  White Matter  autism spectrum disorder  environmental effects  genetic factors  limbic tracts  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although the limbic system is closely related to emotion and social behaviors, little is known about the integrity of limbic pathways and how genetics influence the anatomical abnormalities of limbic networks in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we used an ASD twin study design to evaluate the microstructural integrity and autism-related differences in limbic pathways of young children with ASD and to estimate the heritability of limbic tracts microstructure variance. We obtained diffusion tensor imaging scans from 33 pairs of twins with ASD aged 2-9?years and 20 age-matched typically developing children. The ACE model was used to estimate the relative effects of additive genetic factors (A), shared environmental factors (C) and specific environmental factors (E) on the variability of diffusivity measurements. We found a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral fornix and uncinate fasciculus (UF), as well as increased mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the bilateral fornix and right UF of ASD children. Correlation analysis showed that FA, MD, and lateralization indices of UF were correlated with autism diagnostic observation schedule scores. The ACE model revealed that genetic effects may drive some of the variability of microstructure in the bilateral fornix, cingulum, and left UF. In conclusion, in children with ASD, there are abnormalities in the white matter microstructure of the limbic system, which is related to the core symptoms; these abnormalities may be related to the relative contribution of genetic and environmental effects on specific tracts. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children have abnormal white matter structure in limbic system related to ASD symptoms, and genetic factors play an important role in the development of limbic tracts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2686 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Heritability of abnormalities in limbic networks of autism spectrum disorder children: Evidence from an autism spectrum disorder twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Linyan FU, Auteur ; Chunyan LI, Auteur ; Yun LI, Auteur ; Xin CHENG, Auteur ; Xiwen CUI, Auteur ; Jiying JIANG, Auteur ; Ning DING, Auteur ; Hui FANG, Auteur ; Tianyu TANG, Auteur ; Xiaoyan KE, Auteur . - p.628-640. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.628-640 Mots-clés : Anisotropy  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/genetics  Child  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods  Humans  White Matter  autism spectrum disorder  environmental effects  genetic factors  limbic tracts  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although the limbic system is closely related to emotion and social behaviors, little is known about the integrity of limbic pathways and how genetics influence the anatomical abnormalities of limbic networks in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we used an ASD twin study design to evaluate the microstructural integrity and autism-related differences in limbic pathways of young children with ASD and to estimate the heritability of limbic tracts microstructure variance. We obtained diffusion tensor imaging scans from 33 pairs of twins with ASD aged 2-9?years and 20 age-matched typically developing children. The ACE model was used to estimate the relative effects of additive genetic factors (A), shared environmental factors (C) and specific environmental factors (E) on the variability of diffusivity measurements. We found a significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral fornix and uncinate fasciculus (UF), as well as increased mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the bilateral fornix and right UF of ASD children. Correlation analysis showed that FA, MD, and lateralization indices of UF were correlated with autism diagnostic observation schedule scores. The ACE model revealed that genetic effects may drive some of the variability of microstructure in the bilateral fornix, cingulum, and left UF. In conclusion, in children with ASD, there are abnormalities in the white matter microstructure of the limbic system, which is related to the core symptoms; these abnormalities may be related to the relative contribution of genetic and environmental effects on specific tracts. LAY SUMMARY: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children have abnormal white matter structure in limbic system related to ASD symptoms, and genetic factors play an important role in the development of limbic tracts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2686 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits / Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.641-652 Titre : The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Sara C TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Jing ZHANG, Auteur ; Jonathan A. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BU?AN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.641-652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Quality of Life  Sleep  Sleep Wake Disorders/complications  adults  autism spectrum disorder  children  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adults often have sleep disturbances, which may affect their and their family's quality of life. Yet, the relationship between sleep-wake patterns and autism spectrum traits is understudied. Identifying such relationships could lead to future research elucidating common mechanistic underpinnings. Thus, we aimed to determine whether sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to sleep, physical activity, and the daily sleep-wake rhythm (i.e., circadian rhythm), are associated with autism spectrum-related traits. Accelerometer-derived sleep-wake parameters were estimated in individuals with autistic spectrum traits and their family members (N = 267). We evaluated autism spectrum traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to assess the presence and severity of social impairment and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to assess executive function. The linear multivariate regression analysis (using SOLAR-Eclipse) showed that in adults, increased core autism spectrum traits and executive dysfunction were associated with disruption of several sleep-wake parameters, particularly related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, and that executive dysfunction was associated with disrupted sleep quality and level of physical activity. We highlight the interplay between daytime function and disrupted sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, that could guide future research into common mechanisms. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children and adults often report sleep disturbances. To dissect the relationship between a range of autism spectrum traits and sleep-wake patterns, we assessed social interaction and executive function in participants who also wore actimetry watches on their wrists to assess their sleep-wake patterns. We found that increased impairments in social and executive function occurred with increased sleep-wake disturbances, particularly those related to the circadian rhythm, suggesting that these perturbations/disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle could be connected to autism spectrum traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2660 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Sara C TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Jing ZHANG, Auteur ; Jonathan A. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BU?AN, Auteur . - p.641-652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.641-652 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Quality of Life  Sleep  Sleep Wake Disorders/complications  adults  autism spectrum disorder  children  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adults often have sleep disturbances, which may affect their and their family's quality of life. Yet, the relationship between sleep-wake patterns and autism spectrum traits is understudied. Identifying such relationships could lead to future research elucidating common mechanistic underpinnings. Thus, we aimed to determine whether sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to sleep, physical activity, and the daily sleep-wake rhythm (i.e., circadian rhythm), are associated with autism spectrum-related traits. Accelerometer-derived sleep-wake parameters were estimated in individuals with autistic spectrum traits and their family members (N = 267). We evaluated autism spectrum traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to assess the presence and severity of social impairment and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to assess executive function. The linear multivariate regression analysis (using SOLAR-Eclipse) showed that in adults, increased core autism spectrum traits and executive dysfunction were associated with disruption of several sleep-wake parameters, particularly related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, and that executive dysfunction was associated with disrupted sleep quality and level of physical activity. We highlight the interplay between daytime function and disrupted sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, that could guide future research into common mechanisms. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children and adults often report sleep disturbances. To dissect the relationship between a range of autism spectrum traits and sleep-wake patterns, we assessed social interaction and executive function in participants who also wore actimetry watches on their wrists to assess their sleep-wake patterns. We found that increased impairments in social and executive function occurred with increased sleep-wake disturbances, particularly those related to the circadian rhythm, suggesting that these perturbations/disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle could be connected to autism spectrum traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2660 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Toward a cumulative science of vocal markers of autism: A cross-linguistic meta-analysis-based investigation of acoustic markers in American and Danish autistic children / Riccardo FUSAROLI in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.653-664 Titre : Toward a cumulative science of vocal markers of autism: A cross-linguistic meta-analysis-based investigation of acoustic markers in American and Danish autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Riccardo FUSAROLI, Auteur ; Ruth GROSSMAN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Ethan WEED, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.653-664 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Acoustics  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Biomarkers  Child  Denmark  Humans  Language  Linguistics  autism spectrum disorder  cross-linguistic  speech  voice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Acoustic atypicalities in speech production are argued to be potential markers of clinical features in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A recent meta-analysis highlighted shortcomings in the field, in particular small sample sizes and study heterogeneity. We showcase a cumulative (i.e., explicitly building on previous studies both conceptually and statistically) yet self-correcting (i.e., critically assessing the impact of cumulative statistical techniques) approach to prosody in ASD to overcome these issues. We relied on the recommendations contained in the meta-analysis to build and analyze a cross-linguistic corpus of multiple speech productions in 77 autistic and 72 neurotypical children and adolescents (>1000 recordings in Danish and US English). We used meta-analytically informed and skeptical priors, with informed priors leading to more generalizable inference. We replicated findings of a minimal cross-linguistically reliable distinctive acoustic profile for ASD (higher pitch and longer pauses) with moderate effect sizes. We identified novel reliable differences between the two groups for normalized amplitude quotient, maxima dispersion quotient, and creakiness. However, the differences were small, and there is likely no one acoustic profile characterizing all autistic individuals. We identified reliable relations of acoustic features with individual differences (age, gender), and clinical features (speech rate and ADOS sub-scores). Besides cumulatively building our understanding of acoustic atypicalities in ASD, the study shows how to use systematic reviews and meta-analyses to guide the design and analysis of follow-up studies. We indicate future directions: larger and more diverse cross-linguistic datasets, focus on heterogeneity, self-critical cumulative approaches, and open science. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic individuals are reported to speak in distinctive ways. Distinctive vocal production can affect social interactions and social development and could represent a noninvasive way to support the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We systematically checked whether acoustic atypicalities highlighted in previous articles could be actually found across multiple recordings and two languages. We find a minimal acoustic profile of ASD: higher pitch, longer pauses, increased hoarseness and creakiness of the voice. However, there is much individual variability (by age, sex, language, and clinical characteristics). This suggests that the search for one common "autistic voice" might be naive and more fine-grained approaches are needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2661 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Toward a cumulative science of vocal markers of autism: A cross-linguistic meta-analysis-based investigation of acoustic markers in American and Danish autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Riccardo FUSAROLI, Auteur ; Ruth GROSSMAN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Cathriona CANTIO, Auteur ; Jens Richardt MØLLEGAARD JEPSEN, Auteur ; Ethan WEED, Auteur . - p.653-664. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.653-664 Mots-clés : Acoustics  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder  Biomarkers  Child  Denmark  Humans  Language  Linguistics  autism spectrum disorder  cross-linguistic  speech  voice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Acoustic atypicalities in speech production are argued to be potential markers of clinical features in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A recent meta-analysis highlighted shortcomings in the field, in particular small sample sizes and study heterogeneity. We showcase a cumulative (i.e., explicitly building on previous studies both conceptually and statistically) yet self-correcting (i.e., critically assessing the impact of cumulative statistical techniques) approach to prosody in ASD to overcome these issues. We relied on the recommendations contained in the meta-analysis to build and analyze a cross-linguistic corpus of multiple speech productions in 77 autistic and 72 neurotypical children and adolescents (>1000 recordings in Danish and US English). We used meta-analytically informed and skeptical priors, with informed priors leading to more generalizable inference. We replicated findings of a minimal cross-linguistically reliable distinctive acoustic profile for ASD (higher pitch and longer pauses) with moderate effect sizes. We identified novel reliable differences between the two groups for normalized amplitude quotient, maxima dispersion quotient, and creakiness. However, the differences were small, and there is likely no one acoustic profile characterizing all autistic individuals. We identified reliable relations of acoustic features with individual differences (age, gender), and clinical features (speech rate and ADOS sub-scores). Besides cumulatively building our understanding of acoustic atypicalities in ASD, the study shows how to use systematic reviews and meta-analyses to guide the design and analysis of follow-up studies. We indicate future directions: larger and more diverse cross-linguistic datasets, focus on heterogeneity, self-critical cumulative approaches, and open science. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic individuals are reported to speak in distinctive ways. Distinctive vocal production can affect social interactions and social development and could represent a noninvasive way to support the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We systematically checked whether acoustic atypicalities highlighted in previous articles could be actually found across multiple recordings and two languages. We find a minimal acoustic profile of ASD: higher pitch, longer pauses, increased hoarseness and creakiness of the voice. However, there is much individual variability (by age, sex, language, and clinical characteristics). This suggests that the search for one common "autistic voice" might be naive and more fine-grained approaches are needed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2661 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Intergenerational trauma: Parental PTSD and parent-reported child abuse subtypes differentially relate to admission characteristics in the autism inpatient collection / Christina G. MCDONNELL in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.665-676 Titre : Intergenerational trauma: Parental PTSD and parent-reported child abuse subtypes differentially relate to admission characteristics in the autism inpatient collection Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina G. MCDONNELL, Auteur ; Theresa M. ANDRZEJEWSKI, Auteur ; Janey DIKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.665-676 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Female  Historical Trauma  Hospitalization  Humans  Inpatients  Male  Parents  Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology  autism  child abuse  intergenerational trauma  traumatic stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth experience high rates of maltreatment. Little research has considered how distinct abuse dimensions differentially relate to meaningful outcomes, nor taken an intergenerational approach to consider how caregiver trauma and child maltreatment are related. This study sought to identify how parent-reported child abuse subtypes and parent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relate to each other and to admission characteristics upon inpatient service entry. Autistic youth (N = 527; 79% White, 21.3% girls, mean age = 12.94?years) participated in the autism inpatient collection. Parents reported on child abuse subtypes (physical, sexual, emotional) and their own PTSD, child behavior and emergency services, and parenting stress. Youth of parents with PTSD were nearly three times more likely to have parent-reported physical and emotional abuse. Autistic girls were more likely to experience parent-reported sexual abuse and a higher number of subtypes. Lower income related to higher rates of parent-reported child emotional abuse and parent PTSD. Emotional abuse associated with child behavior whereas both child physical and emotional abuse related to emergency services. Reported parent PTSD associated with child behavior and parental distress. When considered jointly, parent PTSD and number of parent-reported child abuse subtypes differentially related to child behavior and interacted to predict psychiatric hospitalizations. Intergenerational continuity of trauma is important to consider among autistic youth, and both parent-reported child abuse and parent PTSD relate to admission characteristics. Critical limitations include reliance on binary parent reports of child abuse and parent PTSD and the low representation of youth of minoritized identities. Implications for trauma-informed care are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic youth whose parents had reported posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were nearly three times more likely to have experienced parent-reported physical and emotional abuse. Parent-reported child emotional abuse uniquely related to child behavioral concerns whereas both physical and emotional abuse related to higher emergency services. Parent PTSD also related to admission characteristics, showing that intergenerational continuity of trauma is critical to consider for understanding child maltreatment among autistic youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2669 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Intergenerational trauma: Parental PTSD and parent-reported child abuse subtypes differentially relate to admission characteristics in the autism inpatient collection [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina G. MCDONNELL, Auteur ; Theresa M. ANDRZEJEWSKI, Auteur ; Janey DIKE, Auteur . - p.665-676. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.665-676 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Female  Historical Trauma  Hospitalization  Humans  Inpatients  Male  Parents  Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology  autism  child abuse  intergenerational trauma  traumatic stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic youth experience high rates of maltreatment. Little research has considered how distinct abuse dimensions differentially relate to meaningful outcomes, nor taken an intergenerational approach to consider how caregiver trauma and child maltreatment are related. This study sought to identify how parent-reported child abuse subtypes and parent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relate to each other and to admission characteristics upon inpatient service entry. Autistic youth (N = 527; 79% White, 21.3% girls, mean age = 12.94?years) participated in the autism inpatient collection. Parents reported on child abuse subtypes (physical, sexual, emotional) and their own PTSD, child behavior and emergency services, and parenting stress. Youth of parents with PTSD were nearly three times more likely to have parent-reported physical and emotional abuse. Autistic girls were more likely to experience parent-reported sexual abuse and a higher number of subtypes. Lower income related to higher rates of parent-reported child emotional abuse and parent PTSD. Emotional abuse associated with child behavior whereas both child physical and emotional abuse related to emergency services. Reported parent PTSD associated with child behavior and parental distress. When considered jointly, parent PTSD and number of parent-reported child abuse subtypes differentially related to child behavior and interacted to predict psychiatric hospitalizations. Intergenerational continuity of trauma is important to consider among autistic youth, and both parent-reported child abuse and parent PTSD relate to admission characteristics. Critical limitations include reliance on binary parent reports of child abuse and parent PTSD and the low representation of youth of minoritized identities. Implications for trauma-informed care are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic youth whose parents had reported posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were nearly three times more likely to have experienced parent-reported physical and emotional abuse. Parent-reported child emotional abuse uniquely related to child behavioral concerns whereas both physical and emotional abuse related to higher emergency services. Parent PTSD also related to admission characteristics, showing that intergenerational continuity of trauma is critical to consider for understanding child maltreatment among autistic youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2669 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Intact fluency in autism? A comprehensive approach of verbal fluency task including word imageability and concreteness / Odett TÓTH in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.677-686 Titre : Intact fluency in autism? A comprehensive approach of verbal fluency task including word imageability and concreteness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Odett TÓTH, Auteur ; Orsolya PESTHY, Auteur ; Kinga FARKAS, Auteur ; Anna GUTTENGÉBER, Auteur ; Eszter KOMORÓCZY, Auteur ; János M. RETHELYI, Auteur ; Bálint SZUROMI, Auteur ; Dezs? NEMETH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.677-686 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Neuropsychological Tests  Phonetics  Semantics  Verbal Behavior/physiology  cognitive  concreteness  imageability  verbal fluency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Verbal fluency is a cognitive function reflecting executive functions and the ability to retrieve the appropriate information from memory quickly. Previous studies reported conflicting results-impaired and intact verbal fluency-in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies concentrate on overall word productivity, errors, perseverations, clustering, or switching. We used a comprehensive approach to evaluate the reported discrepancy in the literature and introduced a new angle using the concept of word abstraction and imageability. Moreover, we analyzed the performance in two-time intervals (0-30?s and 31-60?s) to assess the temporal dynamics of verbal fluency and a possible activation or initiation deficit in autism. Sixteen adults with ASD and 16 neurotypical control participants, matched by gender, age, and education level, participated in our study. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find a significant difference between groups in word productivity, the number of errors, clustering, or temporal dynamics, neither in semantic nor in phonemic fluency tasks. Surprisingly, the two study groups' performance did not differ in terms of imageability or concreteness characteristics either. Our results raise the possibility that verbal fluency performance is intact in autism. We also suggest using a comprehensive approach when measuring fluency in autism. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism tend to think and communicate differently. In our study, we tested whether people with autism come up with more concrete or imageable words and whether their performance is better compared with neurotypicals in the beginning or in the later phase of a task measuring how many words they can produce in a minute. We did not detect any difference between the two groups; however, we recommend studying verbal fluency in autism from more and different angles in the future. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2672 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Intact fluency in autism? A comprehensive approach of verbal fluency task including word imageability and concreteness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Odett TÓTH, Auteur ; Orsolya PESTHY, Auteur ; Kinga FARKAS, Auteur ; Anna GUTTENGÉBER, Auteur ; Eszter KOMORÓCZY, Auteur ; János M. RETHELYI, Auteur ; Bálint SZUROMI, Auteur ; Dezs? NEMETH, Auteur . - p.677-686. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.677-686 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Neuropsychological Tests  Phonetics  Semantics  Verbal Behavior/physiology  cognitive  concreteness  imageability  verbal fluency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Verbal fluency is a cognitive function reflecting executive functions and the ability to retrieve the appropriate information from memory quickly. Previous studies reported conflicting results-impaired and intact verbal fluency-in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies concentrate on overall word productivity, errors, perseverations, clustering, or switching. We used a comprehensive approach to evaluate the reported discrepancy in the literature and introduced a new angle using the concept of word abstraction and imageability. Moreover, we analyzed the performance in two-time intervals (0-30?s and 31-60?s) to assess the temporal dynamics of verbal fluency and a possible activation or initiation deficit in autism. Sixteen adults with ASD and 16 neurotypical control participants, matched by gender, age, and education level, participated in our study. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find a significant difference between groups in word productivity, the number of errors, clustering, or temporal dynamics, neither in semantic nor in phonemic fluency tasks. Surprisingly, the two study groups' performance did not differ in terms of imageability or concreteness characteristics either. Our results raise the possibility that verbal fluency performance is intact in autism. We also suggest using a comprehensive approach when measuring fluency in autism. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism tend to think and communicate differently. In our study, we tested whether people with autism come up with more concrete or imageable words and whether their performance is better compared with neurotypicals in the beginning or in the later phase of a task measuring how many words they can produce in a minute. We did not detect any difference between the two groups; however, we recommend studying verbal fluency in autism from more and different angles in the future. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2672 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Identifying autism symptom severity trajectories across childhood / Einat WAIZBARD-BARTOV in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.687-701 Titre : Identifying autism symptom severity trajectories across childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Einat WAIZBARD-BARTOV, Auteur ; Emilio FERRER, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.687-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Family  Female  Humans  Individuality  Male  Parents  Ados  autism spectrum disorder  calibrated severity scores  longitudinal  severity change  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An individual's autism symptom severity level can change across childhood. The prevalence and direction of change, however, are still not well understood. Nor are the characteristics of children that experience change. Symptom severity trajectories were evaluated from early to middle childhood (approximately ages 3-11) for 182 autistic children. Symptom severity change was evaluated using individual change scores and the Reliable Change Index. Fifty-one percent of participants experienced symptom severity change: 27% of children decreased in severity, 24% increased and 49% were stable. Symptom severity decreases were more common during early childhood. Severity increases occurred at both early and middle childhood but increase in social affect severity was especially prominent during middle childhood. Most children experienced significant change during only one period and remained stable during the other. Girls decreased more and increased less in symptom severity than boys. Children that increased in severity decreased in adaptive functioning across childhood. Exploratory analyses indicated that a decrease in severity was associated with higher parental education level and older parental age at the time of the child's birth. Conversely, increase in autism severity was associated with lower parental education level and younger parental age at the child's birth. These findings extend recent observations that symptom severity change is more likely than previously appreciated. An understanding of the role of both biological and sociodemographic factors in determining a child's symptom trajectory may factor into future decisions on allocation and type of interventions distributed to young autistic children. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether a child's autism severity changed from initial diagnosis until middle childhood (ages 3-11). We found that 27% of the children decreased in severity, 24% increased and the rest stayed the same. Symptom severity decreases were more common during early childhood while severity increases were more prominent during middle childhood. We also found that girls were more likely to decrease than boys. Whether a child decreased or increased is related, in part, to parental characteristics. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Identifying autism symptom severity trajectories across childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Einat WAIZBARD-BARTOV, Auteur ; Emilio FERRER, Auteur ; Brianna HEATH, Auteur ; Sally J. ROGERS, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.687-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.687-701 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Family  Female  Humans  Individuality  Male  Parents  Ados  autism spectrum disorder  calibrated severity scores  longitudinal  severity change  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An individual's autism symptom severity level can change across childhood. The prevalence and direction of change, however, are still not well understood. Nor are the characteristics of children that experience change. Symptom severity trajectories were evaluated from early to middle childhood (approximately ages 3-11) for 182 autistic children. Symptom severity change was evaluated using individual change scores and the Reliable Change Index. Fifty-one percent of participants experienced symptom severity change: 27% of children decreased in severity, 24% increased and 49% were stable. Symptom severity decreases were more common during early childhood. Severity increases occurred at both early and middle childhood but increase in social affect severity was especially prominent during middle childhood. Most children experienced significant change during only one period and remained stable during the other. Girls decreased more and increased less in symptom severity than boys. Children that increased in severity decreased in adaptive functioning across childhood. Exploratory analyses indicated that a decrease in severity was associated with higher parental education level and older parental age at the time of the child's birth. Conversely, increase in autism severity was associated with lower parental education level and younger parental age at the child's birth. These findings extend recent observations that symptom severity change is more likely than previously appreciated. An understanding of the role of both biological and sociodemographic factors in determining a child's symptom trajectory may factor into future decisions on allocation and type of interventions distributed to young autistic children. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether a child's autism severity changed from initial diagnosis until middle childhood (ages 3-11). We found that 27% of the children decreased in severity, 24% increased and the rest stayed the same. Symptom severity decreases were more common during early childhood while severity increases were more prominent during middle childhood. We also found that girls were more likely to decrease than boys. Whether a child decreased or increased is related, in part, to parental characteristics. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Yukiko KIKUCHI in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Titre : Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-711 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - p.702-711. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Alexandra P. KEY in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Titre : Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.712-728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16?years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Dorita JONES, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - p.712-728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.712-728 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Emotional Regulation  Emotions/physiology  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Male  Sex Characteristics  autism  emotion  face  inhibition  sex  target detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10-16?years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting greater neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. LAY SUMMARY: Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2678 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Decreased interoceptive accuracy in children with autism spectrum disorder and with comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Han-Xue YANG in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.729-739 Titre : Decreased interoceptive accuracy in children with autism spectrum disorder and with comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Han-Xue YANG, Auteur ; Han-Yu ZHOU, Auteur ; Ying LI, Auteur ; Yong-Hua CUI, Auteur ; Yang XIANG, Auteur ; Rong-Man YUAN, Auteur ; Simon S. Y. LUI, Auteur ; Raymond C. K. CHAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.729-739 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with  Hyperactivity/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Comorbidity  Humans  Interoception  autism spectrum disorders  autistic traits  eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Interoception refers to the awareness of internal physiological state. Several previous studies reported that people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have diverse patterns of interoception, but the extent of literature is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the interoceptive accuracy (IA) in children with ASD, children with comorbid ASD and ADHD, and typically developing (TD) children with high and low levels of autistic traits. We administered the eye-tracking interoceptive accuracy task (EIAT) to 30 children with ASD, 20 children with comorbid ASD and ADHD, and 63 TD controls with high and low levels of autistic traits. Parent-report scales concerning ASD and ADHD symptoms were collected. ASD children with and without comorbid ADHD both exhibited lower IA than TD children. Reduced IA was also found in TD children with high-autistic traits relative to those with low-autistic traits. IA was negatively correlated with autistic and ADHD symptoms. Atypical cardiac interoception could be found in children with ASD. Difficulties in sensing and comprehending internal bodily signals in childhood may be related to both ASD and ADHD symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined interoceptive accuracy (IA) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), children with comorbid ASD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and typically developing (TD) children with high and low levels of autistic traits. ASD children with and without comorbid ADHD both exhibited lower IA than TD children. TD children with high-autistic traits exhibited decreased IA compared to those with low-autistic traits. These results have implications for understanding sensory atypicality found in ASD and ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2679 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Decreased interoceptive accuracy in children with autism spectrum disorder and with comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Han-Xue YANG, Auteur ; Han-Yu ZHOU, Auteur ; Ying LI, Auteur ; Yong-Hua CUI, Auteur ; Yang XIANG, Auteur ; Rong-Man YUAN, Auteur ; Simon S. Y. LUI, Auteur ; Raymond C. K. CHAN, Auteur . - p.729-739. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.729-739 Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with  Hyperactivity/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Child  Comorbidity  Humans  Interoception  autism spectrum disorders  autistic traits  eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Interoception refers to the awareness of internal physiological state. Several previous studies reported that people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have diverse patterns of interoception, but the extent of literature is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the interoceptive accuracy (IA) in children with ASD, children with comorbid ASD and ADHD, and typically developing (TD) children with high and low levels of autistic traits. We administered the eye-tracking interoceptive accuracy task (EIAT) to 30 children with ASD, 20 children with comorbid ASD and ADHD, and 63 TD controls with high and low levels of autistic traits. Parent-report scales concerning ASD and ADHD symptoms were collected. ASD children with and without comorbid ADHD both exhibited lower IA than TD children. Reduced IA was also found in TD children with high-autistic traits relative to those with low-autistic traits. IA was negatively correlated with autistic and ADHD symptoms. Atypical cardiac interoception could be found in children with ASD. Difficulties in sensing and comprehending internal bodily signals in childhood may be related to both ASD and ADHD symptoms. LAY SUMMARY: The present study examined interoceptive accuracy (IA) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), children with comorbid ASD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and typically developing (TD) children with high and low levels of autistic traits. ASD children with and without comorbid ADHD both exhibited lower IA than TD children. TD children with high-autistic traits exhibited decreased IA compared to those with low-autistic traits. These results have implications for understanding sensory atypicality found in ASD and ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2679 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Association between atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities in a longitudinal birth cohort / Xueqi QU in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.740-750 Titre : Association between atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities in a longitudinal birth cohort Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xueqi QU, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Xiumei HONG, Auteur ; Yuelong JI, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Xiaobin WANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.740-750 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asthma/complications/epidemiology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology  Birth Cohort  Child  Dermatitis, Atopic/complications/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Risk Factors  atopic diseases  children  neurodevelopmental disability  the United States  relevant to this article to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reports on the association between the prevalence of atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDs) have been inconsistent in the literature. We investigated whether autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and other NDs are more prevalent in children with asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) compared to those without specific atopic conditions. A total of 2580 children enrolled at birth were followed prospectively, of which 119 have ASD, 423 have ADHD, 765 have other NDs, and 1273 have no NDs. Atopic diseases and NDs were defined based on physician diagnoses in electronic medical records. Logistic regressions adjusting for maternal and child characteristics estimated the associations between NDs (i.e., ASD, ADHD, and other NDs) and asthma, AD and AR, respectively. Children with asthma, AD or AR had a greater likelihood of having ADHD or other NDs compared with children without specific atopic conditions. The association between ASD and asthma diminished after adjusting for maternal and child factors. Either mothers or children having atopic conditions and both mothers and children with atopic conditions were associated with a higher prevalence of ADHD in children, compared with neither mothers nor children having atopic conditions. Children diagnosed with multiple atopic diseases were more likely to have NDs compared with those without or with only one type of atopic disease. In conclusion, in this U.S. urban birth cohort, children with atopic diseases had a higher co-morbidity of NDs. The findings have implications for etiologic research that searches for common early life antecedents of NDs and atopic conditions. Findings from this study also should raise awareness among health care providers and parents about the possible co-occurrence of both NDs and atopic conditions, which calls for coordinated efforts to screen, prevent and manage NDs and atopic conditions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2680 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Association between atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities in a longitudinal birth cohort [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xueqi QU, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Christine LADD-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Xiumei HONG, Auteur ; Yuelong JI, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Xiaobin WANG, Auteur . - p.740-750. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.740-750 Mots-clés : Asthma/complications/epidemiology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/epidemiology  Birth Cohort  Child  Dermatitis, Atopic/complications/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Risk Factors  atopic diseases  children  neurodevelopmental disability  the United States  relevant to this article to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reports on the association between the prevalence of atopic diseases and neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDs) have been inconsistent in the literature. We investigated whether autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), and other NDs are more prevalent in children with asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) compared to those without specific atopic conditions. A total of 2580 children enrolled at birth were followed prospectively, of which 119 have ASD, 423 have ADHD, 765 have other NDs, and 1273 have no NDs. Atopic diseases and NDs were defined based on physician diagnoses in electronic medical records. Logistic regressions adjusting for maternal and child characteristics estimated the associations between NDs (i.e., ASD, ADHD, and other NDs) and asthma, AD and AR, respectively. Children with asthma, AD or AR had a greater likelihood of having ADHD or other NDs compared with children without specific atopic conditions. The association between ASD and asthma diminished after adjusting for maternal and child factors. Either mothers or children having atopic conditions and both mothers and children with atopic conditions were associated with a higher prevalence of ADHD in children, compared with neither mothers nor children having atopic conditions. Children diagnosed with multiple atopic diseases were more likely to have NDs compared with those without or with only one type of atopic disease. In conclusion, in this U.S. urban birth cohort, children with atopic diseases had a higher co-morbidity of NDs. The findings have implications for etiologic research that searches for common early life antecedents of NDs and atopic conditions. Findings from this study also should raise awareness among health care providers and parents about the possible co-occurrence of both NDs and atopic conditions, which calls for coordinated efforts to screen, prevent and manage NDs and atopic conditions. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2680 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population-based surveillance system / Anne V. KIRBY in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.751-760 Titre : Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population-based surveillance system Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne V. KIRBY, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Lisa D. WIGGINS, Auteur ; Michelle M. HUGHES, Auteur ; John DAVIS, Auteur ; Jennifer A. HALL-LANDE, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; William M. MCMAHON, Auteur ; Amanda V. BAKIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.751-760 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Ethnicity  Female  Humans  Male  Minority Groups  Population Surveillance/methods  Prevalence  autism spectrum disorder  children  epidemiology  logistic models  sensory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory features (i.e., atypical responses to sensory stimuli) are included in the current diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Yet, large population-based studies have not examined these features. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensory features among autistic children, and examine associations between sensory features, demographics, and co-occurring problems in other areas. Analysis for this study included a sample comprised of 25,627 four- or eight-year-old autistic children identified through the multistate Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (2006-2014). We calculated the prevalence of sensory features and applied multilevel logistic regression modeling. The majority (74%; 95% confidence interval: 73.5%-74.5%) of the children studied had documented sensory features. In a multivariable model, children who were male and those whose mothers had more years of education had higher odds of documented sensory features. Children from several racial and ethnic minority groups had lower odds of documented sensory features than White, non-Hispanic children. Cognitive problems were not significantly related to sensory features. Problems related to adaptive behavior, emotional states, aggression, attention, fear, motor development, eating, and sleeping were associated with higher odds of having documented sensory features. Results from a large, population-based sample indicate a high prevalence of sensory features in autistic children, as well as relationships between sensory features and co-occurring problems. This study also pointed to potential disparities in the identification of sensory features, which should be examined in future research. Disparities should also be considered clinically to avoid reduced access to supports for sensory features and related functional problems. LAY SUMMARY: In a large, population-based sample of 25,627 autistic children, 74% had documented differences in how they respond to sensation. We also identified significant associations of sensory features with adaptive behavior and problems in other domains. Sensory features were less common among girls, children of color, and children of mothers with fewer years of education, suggesting potential disparities in identification. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2670 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Sensory features in autism: Findings from a large population-based surveillance system [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne V. KIRBY, Auteur ; Deborah A. BILDER, Auteur ; Lisa D. WIGGINS, Auteur ; Michelle M. HUGHES, Auteur ; John DAVIS, Auteur ; Jennifer A. HALL-LANDE, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; William M. MCMAHON, Auteur ; Amanda V. BAKIAN, Auteur . - p.751-760. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.751-760 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  Child  Ethnicity  Female  Humans  Male  Minority Groups  Population Surveillance/methods  Prevalence  autism spectrum disorder  children  epidemiology  logistic models  sensory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory features (i.e., atypical responses to sensory stimuli) are included in the current diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Yet, large population-based studies have not examined these features. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensory features among autistic children, and examine associations between sensory features, demographics, and co-occurring problems in other areas. Analysis for this study included a sample comprised of 25,627 four- or eight-year-old autistic children identified through the multistate Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (2006-2014). We calculated the prevalence of sensory features and applied multilevel logistic regression modeling. The majority (74%; 95% confidence interval: 73.5%-74.5%) of the children studied had documented sensory features. In a multivariable model, children who were male and those whose mothers had more years of education had higher odds of documented sensory features. Children from several racial and ethnic minority groups had lower odds of documented sensory features than White, non-Hispanic children. Cognitive problems were not significantly related to sensory features. Problems related to adaptive behavior, emotional states, aggression, attention, fear, motor development, eating, and sleeping were associated with higher odds of having documented sensory features. Results from a large, population-based sample indicate a high prevalence of sensory features in autistic children, as well as relationships between sensory features and co-occurring problems. This study also pointed to potential disparities in the identification of sensory features, which should be examined in future research. Disparities should also be considered clinically to avoid reduced access to supports for sensory features and related functional problems. LAY SUMMARY: In a large, population-based sample of 25,627 autistic children, 74% had documented differences in how they respond to sensation. We also identified significant associations of sensory features with adaptive behavior and problems in other domains. Sensory features were less common among girls, children of color, and children of mothers with fewer years of education, suggesting potential disparities in identification. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2670 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults / Zachary J. WILLIAMS in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.761-770 Titre : Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.761-770 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/complications/epidemiology/psychology  Female  Humans  Male  Medically Unexplained Symptoms  Quality of Life  Young Adult  autism  bodily distress syndrome  physical symptoms  prevalence  sex differences  somatic symptoms  somatization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Somatic symptoms are the most common cause of outpatient medical visits in the general population, yet their presence and severity in individuals on the autism spectrum has rarely been studied. We sought to assess the prevalence, impact, and clinical correlates of 14 commonly reported somatic symptoms in a sample of 290 transition-aged autistic young adults (mean [SD] age: 23.10 [2.38] years, range 18-26; 76.7% diagnosed with autism before age 18) recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK participant pool. A modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptom prevalence/impact, along with measures of depression, anxiety, autistic traits, and quality of life. Somatic symptom burden was much higher in autistic young adults than previously reported in the general population. The most commonly reported current symptoms were fatigue (72.8%), sleep problems (69.0%), and menstrual problems (61.4% of females). Moderate or severe symptom levels were reported by 53.9% of females and 18.75% of males in our cohort, with the odds of females endorsing any given symptom being 2-4 times greater than males. Both individual symptoms and total symptom burden were related to higher levels of depression, anxiety, and autistic traits, along with lower quality of life. Despite little research on this topic previously, somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in autistic young adults, particularly women. Future research is needed to investigate links between somatic symptoms, medical and psychiatric morbidity, and health care utilization in the autistic population. LAY SUMMARY: Somatic symptoms (i.e., physical symptoms such as such as pain, weakness, stomachache, or shortness of breath) are highly prevalent in the general population and account for a large proportion of health care costs. However, few studies have investigated how often these symptoms are reported by autistic adults or their associations with other clinical and demographic variables. Based on self-report data from 290 young autistic adults, we found very high rates of bothersome somatic symptoms in this population, with females endorsing all symptoms at substantially higher rates than males. Somatic symptoms were also associated with worse mental health and quality of life, suggesting that they represent an overlooked contributor to poor health outcomes in the autistic adult population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Current and lifetime somatic symptom burden among transition-aged autistic young adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zachary J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Katherine O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.761-770. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.761-770 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/complications/epidemiology/psychology  Female  Humans  Male  Medically Unexplained Symptoms  Quality of Life  Young Adult  autism  bodily distress syndrome  physical symptoms  prevalence  sex differences  somatic symptoms  somatization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Somatic symptoms are the most common cause of outpatient medical visits in the general population, yet their presence and severity in individuals on the autism spectrum has rarely been studied. We sought to assess the prevalence, impact, and clinical correlates of 14 commonly reported somatic symptoms in a sample of 290 transition-aged autistic young adults (mean [SD] age: 23.10 [2.38] years, range 18-26; 76.7% diagnosed with autism before age 18) recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK participant pool. A modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 was used to assess somatic symptom prevalence/impact, along with measures of depression, anxiety, autistic traits, and quality of life. Somatic symptom burden was much higher in autistic young adults than previously reported in the general population. The most commonly reported current symptoms were fatigue (72.8%), sleep problems (69.0%), and menstrual problems (61.4% of females). Moderate or severe symptom levels were reported by 53.9% of females and 18.75% of males in our cohort, with the odds of females endorsing any given symptom being 2-4 times greater than males. Both individual symptoms and total symptom burden were related to higher levels of depression, anxiety, and autistic traits, along with lower quality of life. Despite little research on this topic previously, somatic symptoms are highly prevalent in autistic young adults, particularly women. Future research is needed to investigate links between somatic symptoms, medical and psychiatric morbidity, and health care utilization in the autistic population. LAY SUMMARY: Somatic symptoms (i.e., physical symptoms such as such as pain, weakness, stomachache, or shortness of breath) are highly prevalent in the general population and account for a large proportion of health care costs. However, few studies have investigated how often these symptoms are reported by autistic adults or their associations with other clinical and demographic variables. Based on self-report data from 290 young autistic adults, we found very high rates of bothersome somatic symptoms in this population, with females endorsing all symptoms at substantially higher rates than males. Somatic symptoms were also associated with worse mental health and quality of life, suggesting that they represent an overlooked contributor to poor health outcomes in the autistic adult population. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Corrigendum in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.771 Titre : Corrigendum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.771 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2706 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Corrigendum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.771. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.771 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2706 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473